A lathe for machining an elongated shaft

Abstract

The application relates to a lathe for processing an elongated shaft, which comprises a lathe provided with a three-jaw chuck, a plurality of tool holders and an adjusting assembly, the lathe is used for clamping one end of the elongated shaft, the tool holder is slidably connected to the lathe along the axis direction of the three-jaw chuck, the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of control blocks, a plurality of connecting rods, a control rod and an operating member, the length direction of the control rod is parallel to the axis direction of the three-jaw chuck, the control rod is slidably connected to the lathe along the axis direction close to or away from the three-jaw chuck, the plurality of control blocks are distributed along the length direction of the control rod, wherein the control block close to the three-jaw chuck is arranged on the control rod, and the rest of the control blocks are slidably connected to the control rod along the length direction of the control rod, one end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected to the tool holder, the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected to the control block, and the operating member is used for controlling the distance between the control rod and the axis of the three-jaw chuck. The application has the effect of improving the position adjusting efficiency of the tool holder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of lathes, and more particularly to a lathe for machining slender shafts. Background Technology

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that primarily uses cutting tools to machine rotating workpieces. Drills, reamers, taps, dies, and knurling tools can also be used on a lathe for various machining operations. The function of a lathe is to cut rotating surfaces of different sizes and shapes, as well as helical surfaces.

[0003] Currently, Chinese utility model patent CN204724860U discloses a machine tool for processing slender shaft parts, including a frame, a left spindle box, a left tail clamping mechanism, a left tool post, a left follow-tool robot unit, a left X-axis transmission unit, a left Z1-axis transmission unit, a left Z2-axis transmission unit, a left chip removal mechanism, a right spindle box, a right tail clamping mechanism, a right tool post, a right follow-tool robot unit, a right X-axis transmission unit, a right Z1-axis transmission unit, a right Z2-axis transmission unit, and a right chip removal mechanism. This utility model has the effect of reducing clamping force requirements, thereby increasing production capacity.

[0004] When machining slender shafts, the positions of each follower post need to be adjusted sequentially to ensure that the follower posts are evenly distributed along the length of the slender shaft. Adjusting multiple follower posts separately is inefficient and cannot achieve a uniform distribution of the follower posts. Utility Model Content

[0005] To improve the efficiency of tool holder position adjustment, this application provides a lathe for machining slender shafts.

[0006] This application provides a lathe for machining slender shafts, employing the following technical solution: A lathe for machining slender shafts includes a lathe equipped with a three-jaw chuck, several follower posts, and an adjustment assembly. The lathe is used to clamp one end of the slender shaft. The follower posts are slidably connected to the lathe along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The adjustment assembly includes several control blocks, several connecting rods, a control rod, and an operating element. The length direction of the control rod is parallel to the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The control rod is slidably connected to the lathe along the axial direction close to or away from the three-jaw chuck. The several control blocks are distributed along the length direction of the control rod, wherein the control blocks close to the three-jaw chuck are disposed on the control rod, and the remaining control blocks are slidably connected to the control rod along the length direction of the control rod. The control blocks and the follower posts are staggered. Several connecting rods are respectively located between the follower posts and the control blocks. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the follower post, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the control block. The operating element is used to control the distance from the control rod to the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, by adjusting the components, using the control rod to drive multiple control blocks, and through the connecting rod to make the follower post move synchronously, the follower post is evenly distributed along the length of the slender shaft, which improves the adjustment efficiency, ensures uniform support during processing, reduces deformation of the slender shaft, and the even distribution of the follower post can provide multi-point support for the slender shaft, reduce vibration and bending during processing, and improve processing accuracy.

[0008] Optionally, the operating element includes a screw, the length direction of which is parallel to the length direction of the control rod, the screw being rotatably connected to a lathe, and the control rod being threadedly connected to the screw.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the screw is rotated, the control rod slides precisely along the axial direction due to the threaded transmission, thereby accurately controlling the position of the follower post, making the distance adjustment between the follower post and the axis of the three-jaw chuck more precise, and adapting to the processing needs of slender shafts of different diameters.

[0010] Optionally, the operating component further includes a first gear, a second gear, and an operating lever. The length direction of the operating lever is parallel to the length direction of the screw. The first gear is disposed on the screw, and the second gear is disposed on the operating lever. The first gear meshes with the second gear, and the number of teeth of the first gear is greater than the number of teeth of the second gear.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the gear transmission ratio is fixed, and the movement speed of the control lever can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the operating lever, which facilitates precise control of the adjustment rhythm of the tool holder.

[0012] Optionally, the lathe is further provided with a center assembly that abuts against the end of the slender shaft opposite to the three-jaw chuck. The center assembly includes a sliding seat, a mandrel, and a bolt. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the frame along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The axis of the mandrel is parallel to the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The mandrel is rotatably connected to the sliding seat. The bolt is used to fix the sliding seat to the lathe.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the three-jaw chuck clamps one end of the slender shaft, and the center assembly supports the other end, forming a fixed support structure at both ends. This reduces the axial movement and bending deformation of the slender shaft during machining, and is especially suitable for machining slender shafts with a large length-to-diameter ratio. The sliding seat can be adjusted along the axis and fixed by bolts. The position of the center can be adjusted according to the length of the slender shaft, enhancing the lathe's adaptability to slender shafts of different specifications.

[0014] Optionally, the sliding seat includes a base, an adjusting seat, and an adjusting screw, which is slidably connected to the frame along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The adjusting seat is slidably connected to the base along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The top head is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat. The length direction of the adjusting screw is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting seat. One end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat, and the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the base.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the position of the seat on the base can be finely adjusted by adjusting the screw, so that the top head can provide support force to one end of the slender shaft, further improving the stability of clamping the slender shaft.

[0016] Optionally, a tapered groove is provided on the top head, the axis of the tapered groove is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck, and the inner sidewall of the tapered groove abuts against the edge of one end of the slender shaft.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the tapered groove fits into the edge of the slender shaft end, which can limit the radial displacement of the slender shaft and ensure that its axis is coaxial with the axis of the three-jaw chuck, thus avoiding shape errors caused by inaccurate positioning during processing. The contact surface of the tapered groove forms a surface contact with the end of the slender shaft, increasing the friction and preventing the slender shaft from slipping or rotating during processing, thereby improving the stability of the top support.

[0018] Optionally, the tool holder includes a mounting block, two first clamping blocks, a second clamping block, a clamping cylinder, three rollers, and an auxiliary clamping component. The mounting block is slidably connected to the lathe along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The clamping cylinder is disposed on the mounting block, and the second clamping block is disposed on the piston rod of the clamping cylinder. The clamping cylinder is used to drive the second clamping block closer to or away from the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck. The two first clamping blocks are respectively located on both sides of the second clamping block. The auxiliary clamping component is used to drive the two first clamping blocks closer to or away from the rotation axis of the three-jaw chuck. The three rollers are rotatably connected to the first clamping block and the second clamping block, and the rollers are used to abut against the side wall of the slender shaft.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping cylinder drives the second clamping block, and the auxiliary clamping component drives the first clamping block. The three work together to adjust the clamping space to meet the clamping requirements of slender shafts of different diameters. The three rollers abut against the side wall of the slender shaft, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing friction during processing, reducing wear on the surface of the slender shaft, and reducing heat generation between the follower post and the slender shaft, thus ensuring processing accuracy.

[0020] Optionally, the auxiliary clamping component includes two auxiliary gears and two auxiliary racks. The two auxiliary gears correspond to two first clamping blocks. The auxiliary gears are coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the corresponding first clamping block. The auxiliary gears are disposed on the first clamping blocks. The two auxiliary racks correspond to the two auxiliary gears. The length direction of the auxiliary racks is parallel to the sliding direction of the second clamping block. The auxiliary racks are disposed on the second clamping blocks and mesh with the corresponding auxiliary gears.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the second clamping block moves under the action of the clamping cylinder, the auxiliary rack moves accordingly, and the meshing auxiliary gear drives the first clamping block to move synchronously, ensuring that the movements of the two first clamping blocks and the second clamping block are coordinated and consistent, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed on both sides of the slender shaft, avoiding deformation of the slender shaft due to uneven clamping force.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The control lever drives multiple control blocks to move synchronously, and the connecting rod makes the tool holder evenly distributed along the length of the slender shaft, reducing manual adjustment steps, while ensuring uniform support points, reducing bending deformation during the machining of slender shafts, and improving machining accuracy.

[0023] 2. The three-jaw chuck clamps one end, while the center assembly supports the other end, reducing axial movement and bending of slender shafts; the adjustable sliding seat can accommodate slender shafts of different lengths, and the tapered groove positioning design ensures coaxiality of the axis, improving the machining stability of slender shafts with large length-to-diameter ratios. 3. The clamping cylinder is linked with the auxiliary gear rack to make the first clamping block and the second clamping block move synchronously, automatically adapting to the clamping requirements of slender shafts of different diameters; the rollers convert sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing heat and wear during processing, ensuring surface accuracy, and at the same time, the clamping force is evenly distributed to avoid deformation of slender shafts. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lathe used for machining slender shafts.

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the top component.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the center follower tool holder.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the operating component. Reference numerals: 1. Three-jaw chuck; 2. Lathe; 3. Tool holder; 31. Mounting block; 32. First clamping block; 33. Second clamping block; 34. Clamping cylinder; 35. Roller; 36. Auxiliary clamping component; 361. Auxiliary gear; 362. Auxiliary rack; 4. Adjustment assembly; 41. Control block; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Control lever; 44. Operating component; 441. Screw; 442. First gear; 443. Second gear; 444. Operating lever; 5. Center assembly; 51. Sliding seat; 511. Base; 512. Adjusting seat; 513. Adjusting screw; 52. Center head; 53. Bolt; 54. Tapered groove. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0029] This application discloses a lathe for machining slender shafts. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 A lathe for machining slender shafts includes a lathe 2 with a three-jaw chuck 1, four follower posts 3, an adjustment assembly 4, and a center assembly 5. The four follower posts 3 are distributed along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck 1. The adjustment assembly 4 is used to adjust the distance between the four follower posts 3. The center assembly 5 is used to abut against the end of the slender shaft away from the three-jaw chuck 1.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The center assembly 5 includes a sliding seat 51, a center head 52, and a bolt 53. The sliding seat 51 includes a base 511, an adjusting seat 512, and an adjusting screw 513. The base 511 is slidably connected to the lathe 2 along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck 1. The bolt 53 is vertically arranged and threaded onto the base 511, with its tail abutting against the lathe 2. The adjusting seat 512 is slidably connected to the base 511 along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck 1. The length of the adjusting screw 513 is... In a direction parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck 1, one end of the adjusting screw 513 is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat 512. The adjusting screw 513 is threadedly connected to the base 511. The top head 52 is coaxially arranged with the three-jaw chuck 1 and is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat 512. A tapered groove 54 is provided at the end of the top head 52 facing the three-jaw chuck 1. The axis of the tapered groove 54 is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck 1. The sidewall of the tapered groove 54 is used to abut against the edge of the slender shaft away from the end of the three-jaw chuck 1.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The tool holder 3 includes a mounting block 31, two first clamping blocks 32, a second clamping block 33, a clamping cylinder 34, three rollers 35, and auxiliary clamping components 36. The mounting block 31 is slidably connected to the lathe 2 along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck 1. The clamping cylinder 34 is horizontally arranged, and its length direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck 1. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 34 is fixedly mounted on the mounting block 31. The second clamping block 33 is fixedly mounted on the clamping cylinder. On the piston rod of cylinder 34, two first clamping blocks 32 are distributed vertically, and two second clamping blocks 33 are located on both sides of the second clamping blocks 33 respectively. The first clamping blocks 32 are rotatably connected to the mounting block 31. Three rollers 35 correspond to the two first clamping blocks 32 and the second clamping blocks 33 respectively. The axis of the rollers 35 is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck 1. The rollers 35 are rotatably connected to the corresponding clamping blocks. The rollers 35 are used to abut against the side wall of the slender shaft.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The auxiliary clamping member 36 includes two auxiliary gears 361 and two auxiliary racks 362. The two auxiliary gears 361 correspond to the two first clamping blocks 32. The rotation axes of the auxiliary gears 361 and the first clamping blocks 32 are coaxially arranged. The auxiliary gears 361 are fixedly mounted on the first clamping blocks 32. The two auxiliary racks 362 correspond to the two auxiliary gears 361. The length direction of the auxiliary racks 362 is parallel to the sliding direction of the second clamping block 33. The two auxiliary racks 362 are located outside the two auxiliary gears 361. The auxiliary racks 362 are fixedly mounted on the second clamping block 33. The auxiliary racks 362 mesh with the corresponding auxiliary gears 361.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The adjustment assembly 4 includes five control blocks 41, eight connecting rods 42, control rods 43, and operating components 44. The control rods 43 are horizontally slidably connected to the lathe 2 along the axis of the three-jaw chuck 1, with their length parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck 1. The five control blocks 41 are distributed along the length of the control rods 43, with the control block 41 closest to the three-jaw chuck 1 fixedly mounted on the control rod 43, and the remaining control blocks 41 slidably connected to the control rod 43. The five control blocks 41 are staggered with the four mounting blocks 31. The eight connecting rods 42 are located between the control blocks 41 and the mounting blocks 31, with one end of each connecting rod rotating. The control rod 42 is rotatably connected to the control block 41, and the other end of the connecting rod 42 is rotatably connected to the mounting block 31. The operating component 44 includes a screw 441, a first gear 442, a second gear 443, and an operating lever 444. The length direction of the screw 441 is parallel to the sliding direction of the control lever 43. The screw 441 is rotatably connected to the lathe 2. The control lever 43 is threadedly connected to the screw 441. The first gear 442 is fixedly mounted on one end of the screw 441. The operating lever 444 is parallel to the length direction of the screw 441 and is rotatably connected to the lathe 2. The second gear 443 is fixedly mounted on the operating lever 444 and meshes with the first gear 442.

[0034] The implementation principle of a lathe for machining slender shafts according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: The operator installs the slender shaft to be machined onto the three-jaw chuck 1 of the lathe 2, and then the center assembly 5 abuts against the end of the slender shaft away from the three-jaw chuck 1. Then the operator adjusts the adjustment assembly 4 so that several tool holders 3 are adjusted according to the length of the slender shaft. Then the clamping cylinder 34 clamps the first clamping block 32 and the second clamping block 33 onto the side wall of the slender shaft, thus completing the clamping of the slender shaft so that the slender shaft can be turned in the future.

[0035] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A lathe for machining slender shafts, characterized in that: The lathe (2) includes a three-jaw chuck (1), several follower posts (3), and an adjustment assembly (4). The lathe (2) is used to clamp one end of a slender shaft. The follower posts (3) are slidably connected to the lathe (2) along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The adjustment assembly (4) includes several control blocks (41), several connecting rods (42), a control rod (43), and an operating element (44). The length direction of the control rod (43) is parallel to the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The control rod (43) is slidably connected to the lathe (2) along the axial direction close to or away from the three-jaw chuck (1). The several control blocks (41) are slidably connected to the lathe (2) along the axial direction close to or away from the three-jaw chuck (1). (43) is distributed along its length, wherein the control block (41) near the three-jaw chuck (1) is set on the control rod (43), and the remaining control blocks (41) are slidably connected to the control rod (43) along its length. The control blocks (41) and the follower (3) are staggered. Several connecting rods (42) are located between the follower (3) and the control blocks (41). One end of the connecting rod (42) is rotatably connected to the follower (3), and the other end of the connecting rod (42) is rotatably connected to the control block (41). The operating member (44) is used to control the distance from the control rod (43) to the axis of the three-jaw chuck (1).

2. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating component (44) includes a screw (441), the length direction of which is parallel to the length direction of the control rod (43), the screw (441) is rotatably connected to the lathe (2), and the control rod (43) is threadedly connected to the screw (441).

3. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operating component (44) further includes a first gear (442), a second gear (443), and an operating lever (444). The length direction of the operating lever (444) is parallel to the length direction of the screw (441). The first gear (442) is disposed on the screw (441), and the second gear (443) is disposed on the operating lever (444). The first gear (442) meshes with the second gear (443), and the number of teeth of the first gear (442) is greater than the number of teeth of the second gear (443).

4. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lathe (2) is also provided with a center assembly (5) that abuts against one end of the slender shaft opposite to the three-jaw chuck (1). The center assembly (5) includes a sliding seat (51), a top head (52), and a bolt (53). The sliding seat (51) is slidably connected to the frame along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The axis of the top head (52) is parallel to the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The top head (52) is rotatably connected to the sliding seat (51). The bolt (53) is used to fix the sliding seat (51) on the lathe (2).

5. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding seat (51) includes a base (511), an adjusting seat (512), and an adjusting screw (513). It is slidably connected to the frame along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The adjusting seat (512) is slidably connected to the base (511) along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The top head (52) is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat (512). The length direction of the adjusting screw (513) is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting seat (512). One end of the adjusting screw (513) is rotatably connected to the adjusting seat (512). The adjusting screw (513) is threadedly connected to the base (511).

6. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top head (52) is provided with a conical groove (54), the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the three-jaw chuck (1), and the inner sidewall of the conical groove (54) abuts against the edge of one end of the slender shaft.

7. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder (3) includes a mounting block (31), two first clamping blocks (32), a second clamping block (33), a clamping cylinder (34), three rollers (35), and auxiliary clamping components (36). The mounting block (31) is slidably connected to the lathe (2) along the axial direction of the three-jaw chuck (1). The clamping cylinder (34) is mounted on the mounting block (31), and the second clamping block (33) is mounted on the piston rod of the clamping cylinder (34). The clamping cylinder (34) is used for... The second clamping block (33) is moved closer to or away from the axis of the three-jaw chuck (1). The two first clamping blocks (32) are located on both sides of the second clamping block (33). The auxiliary clamping member (36) is used to move the two first clamping blocks (32) closer to or away from the rotation axis of the three-jaw chuck (1). Three rollers (35) are rotatably connected to the first clamping block (32) and the second clamping block (33). The rollers (35) are used to abut against the side wall of the slender shaft.

8. A lathe for machining slender shafts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The auxiliary clamping member (36) includes two auxiliary gears (361) and two auxiliary racks (362). The two auxiliary gears (361) correspond to the two first clamping blocks (32). The auxiliary gears (361) are coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the corresponding first clamping block (32). The auxiliary gears (361) are disposed on the first clamping block (32). The two auxiliary racks (362) correspond to the two auxiliary gears (361). The length direction of the auxiliary racks (362) is parallel to the sliding direction of the second clamping block (33). The auxiliary racks (362) are disposed on the second clamping block (33). The auxiliary racks (362) mesh with the corresponding auxiliary gears (361).

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