A wave-soldering anti-deformation device for PCB

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for PCB's wave-soldering anti-deformation device, the device includes synthetic stone bottom plate, and multiple tin-passing windows corresponding with the tin-passing area of PCB are equipped on bottom plate, and righting and positioning assembly, pressing assembly and at least one detachable stainless steel crossbeam are further equipped on bottom plate;The crossbeam is fixed on bottom plate by flat buckle side push, inverted hanging buckle or flat buckle nut mode, for supporting overweight or oversized PCB. The device is arranged by reasonable crossbeam, pressing device and foolproof positioning structure, effectively prevent PCB warping and deformation due to gravity or thermal stress during wave-soldering, ensure welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of PCB board welding process equipment, specifically to a wave soldering anti-deformation device for PCB boards. Background Technology

[0002] During wave soldering, PCB boards typically undergo high-temperature soldering. Due to their large size or the presence of numerous components, they are prone to warping or sagging during heating and transport, leading to poor soldering. Existing fixtures are mostly single carrier boards, lacking flexible support and clamping structures, making it difficult to ensure the stability of PCB boards of different sizes. This is especially problematic when processing heavy or large PCB boards, easily resulting in solder overflow or cold solder joints.

[0003] Therefore, existing technologies have shortcomings and need further improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a wave soldering anti-deformation device for PCB boards.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific solution of this utility model is as follows: This utility model provides a wave soldering anti-deformation device for PCB boards, comprising: The base plate and multiple solder windows on the base plate corresponding to the solder tinning area of ​​the PCB board; The side positioning component is provided on the base plate. The side positioning component includes several positioning blocks and a side locking member that can switch between a fastened position and a released position. It is used to cooperate with the edge or reference hole of the PCB board to achieve straightening and positioning and limit the lateral displacement of the PCB board. A crossbeam and a clamping assembly disposed on the crossbeam, the clamping assembly including a plurality of elastic top rods vertically passing through the crossbeam, the clamping assembly being used to press the PCB board onto the base plate before and during welding and to apply elastic downward pressure to the area of ​​the PCB board to be clamped; The two ends of the crossbeam are detachably mounted to the base plate by means of support members and span between adjacent solder windows. It is used to provide cross-window support for heavy or large PCB boards and suppress deformation caused by its own weight and thermal stress during the reflow process. The device is suitable for soldering in a wave soldering oven.

[0006] Furthermore, a support member is provided at each end of the crossbeam; Two support components are mounted on the base plate; The crossbeam is detachably mounted on the supports on both sides.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism between the crossbeam and the support is a flat-button side-push-pressing structure, which presses the crossbeam in place by a pressure block that pushes along the side of the crossbeam to achieve quick assembly, disassembly and locking.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism between the crossbeam and the support is an inverted buckle structure, and the end of the crossbeam is fixed to the support through the inverted buckle to prevent it from falling off.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism between the crossbeam and the support is a locking structure with a flat-lock nut.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes several elastic push rods capable of elastically extending and retracting vertically; The elastic push rod is vertically inserted through the crossbeam. A spring is installed on the elastic push rod on the lower side of the crossbeam. The spring is fixed to the elastic push rod by a snap ring so that the elastic push rod can reset after being compressed and maintain a continuous pressing force on the PCB board.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower end of the elastic push rod is provided with a top block, which fits the position or shape of the component on the PCB board that needs to be pressed and fixed. A tension rod is provided on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam, and an insert is provided on the base plate; The upper end of the tension rod is fixed to the crossbeam, and the lower end is fixed to the insert.

[0012] Furthermore, the crossbeam is equipped with a foolproof structure; The foolproof structure includes a positioning hole that matches the shape of the upper end of the push rod; The positioning hole can only be inserted when the top rod is rotated to an angle that matches the shape of the positioning hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the side positioning assembly includes several positioning blocks and a side locking component; The positioning block and the side locking component are set on the base plate and located below both sides of the crossbeam; The side locking component is provided with two locking notches and a locking lever; By setting the lever to different positions on the locking notch, the fastening and releasing positions can be switched, thereby achieving fastening and releasing.

[0014] Furthermore, the base plate is made of synthetic stone, and the crossbeam and clamping assembly are made of stainless steel.

[0015] The technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. Significantly suppresses warping and deflection of PCB boards during wave soldering. By installing a detachable stainless steel crossbeam on the synthetic stone base plate and cooperating with the clamping assembly, cross-window support and in-plane clamping are provided for heavy or large PCB boards, significantly reducing deformation caused by self-weight and thermal stress, and ensuring the flatness of the welding surface and the consistency of solder joints. The crossbeam forms a force transmission path with the base plate through the support components, and the elastic top rod provides continuous downward pressure on the PCB board, which is different from the simple cover plate pressing method of fixation.

[0016] 2. Compatible with heavy and large PCB boards, offering strong adaptability. This fixture is designed for applications involving "overweight and oversized PCBs." The crossbeam structure creates a rigid bridging between solder windows, enhancing the support capacity for large or heavy-duty boards. This allows the fixture to cover multiple product specifications on a single platform, reducing the number of dedicated fixtures and changeover costs.

[0017] 3. Localized wave soldering offers greater control, reducing defects such as solder overflow and solder penetration. The fixture has windows on the base plate corresponding to the soldering areas, open only to the target soldering area. This controls the contact range between the solder wave and the substrate, reducing the risk of solder overflow, solder bridging, and overheating of non-soldered areas. Multiple soldering windows, in conjunction with crossbeams spanning the windows, ensure that the support position avoids solder passage areas while also accommodating localized soldering and deformation prevention requirements.

[0018] 4. Reliable positioning and foolproof design reduce component misassembly, reverse orientation, floating, skewing, SMT component collision, component loss, and rework. By combining a foolproof structure and a side positioning component, and through a positioning / limiting structure that matches the features of the substrate, the uniqueness of the clamping direction and position is achieved, reducing the probability of reverse assembly and incorrect assembly, and improving the first-pass yield and batch consistency.

[0019] 5. Diverse and rapid beam fixing methods improve cable change efficiency. Three fixing methods are provided: "flat snap-on side push-tightening", "inverted snap-on", and "flat snap-on + nut", which can be selected according to product weight, cycle time and maintenance preferences. Among them, the side push-tightening and inverted snap-on structures facilitate quick assembly and disassembly, shortening the time for line replacement and maintenance. All different locking methods are designed for the detachable installation of the crossbeam, making it easy to select the support strength according to the size and weight of the PCB board.

[0020] 6. Tighten the component anti-floating plate and suppress warping to improve welding consistency. The clamping scheme using "flat buckle plus Torx screw locking" can form fixed point or linear clamping in local welding areas, preventing the board edges and local weak areas from lifting during heating and transportation, and improving the uniformity of weld points and the wetting effect of through holes.

[0021] 7. Materials are designed for wave soldering environments, resulting in better lifespan and stability. The base plate is made of "synthetic stone", and the load-bearing / fasteners are made of "stainless steel". Both are suitable for the high temperature, high frequency cleaning and mechanical impact environment of wave soldering, which helps to maintain the stable shape and durability of the tooling and reduce the risk of deformation and wear during long-term use.

[0022] 8. Easy maintenance; common parts are replaceable. The assembly and disassembly structure of the crossbeam and clamping components is clearly defined. Commonly used knobs / screws are easy to operate with manual tools or by hand. The high degree of component standardization reduces downtime and the variety of spare parts, thus lowering maintenance costs. Components such as elastic push rods, snap rings, and push blocks can be replaced individually, which helps to maintain continuous clamping stability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the locking structure of the flat-threaded nut of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the locking structure of the flat-lock nut of this utility model from another angle; Figure 3 This is a top-view perspective view of the crossbeam, clamping assembly, and side positioning assembly of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the crossbeam, clamping assembly, and side positioning assembly of this utility model from a bottom angle. Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the horizontal beam flat buckle side push fixing structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the horizontal beam flat buckle side push fixing structure of this utility model from another angle. Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the inverted buckle-type fixing structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the inverted buckle fixing structure of this utility model.

[0024] Attached image captions: 1. Base plate; 2. Crossbeam; 3. Support component; 4. Pressure block; 5. Inverted buckle; 6. Flat buckle; 7. Nut; 8. Elastic top rod; 9. Spring; 10. Snap ring; 11. Top block; 12. Positioning block; 13. Side locking component; 14. Locking notch; 15. Locking rod; 16. Tensioning rod; 17. Insert block. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0029] Combination Figures 1-8 As shown, this utility model provides a wave soldering anti-deformation device for PCB boards, comprising: Base plate 1 and multiple soldering windows on base plate 1 corresponding to the soldering areas of the PCB board; The side positioning assembly is provided on the base plate 1. The side positioning assembly includes several positioning blocks 12 and a side locking member 13 that can switch between a fastened position and a released position. It is used to cooperate with the edge or reference hole of the PCB board to achieve straightening and positioning and limit the lateral displacement of the PCB board. The crossbeam 2 and the clamping assembly disposed on the crossbeam 2, the clamping assembly includes several elastic top rods 8 vertically inserted through the crossbeam 2, the clamping assembly is used to press the PCB board onto the base plate 1 before and during the welding process and to apply elastic downward pressure to the area of ​​the PCB board to be clamped. The two ends of the crossbeam 2 are detachably installed on the base plate 1 via the support members 3, and the crossbeam 2 spans between adjacent solder windows. It is used to provide cross-window support for heavy or large PCB boards and suppress deformation caused by its own weight and thermal stress during the reflow process. The device is suitable for soldering in a wave soldering oven.

[0030] A support member 3 is provided at each end of the crossbeam 2; Two support members 3 are installed on the base plate 1; The crossbeam 2 is detachably mounted on the support members 3 on both sides.

[0031] The fixing mechanism between the crossbeam 2 and the support 3 is a flat buckle 6 side push-pressing structure, which presses the crossbeam 2 by pushing the pressure block 4 along the side of the crossbeam 2 to achieve quick assembly, disassembly and locking.

[0032] The fixing mechanism between the crossbeam 2 and the support member 3 is an inverted buckle 5 type structure. The end of the crossbeam 2 is fixed to the support member 3 through the inverted buckle 5 to prevent it from falling off.

[0033] The fixing mechanism between the crossbeam 2 and the support 3 is a locking structure consisting of a flat buckle 6 and a nut 7.

[0034] The clamping assembly includes several elastic push rods 8 capable of vertical elastic extension and retraction; The elastic push rod 8 is vertically installed on the crossbeam 2. A spring 9 is installed on the elastic push rod 8 on the lower side of the crossbeam 2. The spring 9 is fixed to the elastic push rod 8 by a snap ring 10 so that the elastic push rod 8 can reset after being compressed and maintain a continuous pressing force on the PCB board.

[0035] The lower end of the elastic push rod 8 is provided with a push block 11, which fits the position or shape of the component on the PCB board that needs to be pressed and fixed. A tension rod 16 is also provided on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam 2, and an insert 17 is provided on the base plate 1; The upper end of the tension rod 16 is fixed to the crossbeam 2, and the lower end is fixed to the insert 17.

[0036] The crossbeam 2 is equipped with a foolproof structure; The foolproof structure includes a positioning hole that matches the shape of the upper end of the push rod; The positioning hole can only be inserted when the top rod is rotated to an angle that matches the shape of the positioning hole.

[0037] The side positioning assembly includes several positioning blocks 12 and side locking elements 13; The positioning block 12 and the side locking piece 13 are set on the base plate 1 and located below both sides of the crossbeam 2; The side locking element 13 is provided with two locking notches 14 and a locking lever 15; By setting the lever 15 to different positions on the locking notch 14, the fastening and releasing positions can be switched, thereby achieving fastening and releasing.

[0038] The base plate 1 is made of synthetic stone, while the crossbeam 2 and the clamping assembly are made of stainless steel.

[0039] The principle of this utility model is as follows: 1. Positioning and Mistake-Proofing The PCB board is placed on the synthetic stone base plate 1. The positioning and foolproof structure, which matches the reference holes / edge features of the substrate, defines the clamping direction and reference position, ensuring precise correspondence with the solder window and preventing incorrect or reverse installation from the source. The side locking member 13 limits the edge of the PCB board in the fastened position and facilitates the loading and unloading of the PCB board in the released position.

[0040] 2. Window span support and overall support Stainless steel crossbeams 2 are arranged between multiple tin-crossing windows of the base plate 1 to form bridging supports. The crossbeams 2 distribute the plate surface load and thermal stress to the base plate 1 and the clamping points, suppressing mid-span deflection and local warping during the conveying and crest-crossing stages. Support members 3 are used to support both ends of the crossbeams 2, and elastic top rods 8 are used to form downward pressing points on the crossbeams 2, thereby forming a composite anti-deformation path of "base plate support - crossbeam tin-crossing support - elastic top rod pressing".

[0041] 3. Tightening and locking Clamping components are placed in areas requiring key control (such as board edges, long sides, or localized wave soldering areas). Taking the "flat snap-fit ​​6 plus Torx screw locking method" as an example, the flat snap-fit ​​6 is first used for guidance and limiting, and then the Torx screw is used to apply a controllable preload force to ensure that the PCB board is in contact with the base plate 1 / crossbeam 2, preventing floating and deformation accumulation during the heating process. After being compressed, the elastic push rod 8 provides a rebound force through the spring 9, which can compensate for the slight warping changes of the PCB board during the heating process.

[0042] 4. Diverse and rapid clamping mechanisms Flat buckle 6 side push clamping: Through the side push pressure block 4 or inclined surface mechanism, the crossbeam 2 and the base plate 1 generate normal clamping force, which can be quickly assembled and disassembled and is suitable for frequent line change scenarios.

[0043] Inverted hook 5: The end of the crossbeam 2 forms an inverted engagement with the base plate 1, which is reliable in preventing detachment and is suitable for heavy tooling or long-term continuous production.

[0044] Flat thread 6 + nut 7: Provides stable clamping force through threaded locking, meeting the requirements for shock resistance and displacement resistance.

[0045] 5. Selective tinning The fixture shields the non-soldering areas, allowing the PCB to contact the solder wave only at the open windows. As the conveyor chain passes through the solder bath, the solder quickly wets and fills the solder joints within the windows, while the unopened areas remain isolated, thus reducing the risk of non-target areas being heated and becoming solder-adhesive. Two crossbeams are positioned between adjacent soldering windows, not obstructing the target soldering area, while simultaneously enhancing the bending resistance of weak areas between the windows.

[0046] 6. Cooling and Unclamping After soldering, the fixture cools to a safe temperature during transport. The Torx screws are then loosened or the fasteners released sequentially to remove the PCB board. Multiple fixing methods and a hand-tightening mechanism make the entire unclamping process simple and efficient, minimizing impact on process cycle time.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preventing deformation during wave soldering of PCB boards, characterized in that, include: The base plate and multiple solder windows on the base plate corresponding to the solder tinning area of ​​the PCB board; The side positioning component is provided on the base plate. The side positioning component includes several positioning blocks and a side locking member that can switch between a fastened position and a released position. It is used to cooperate with the edge or reference hole of the PCB board to achieve straightening and positioning and limit the lateral displacement of the PCB board. A crossbeam and a clamping assembly disposed on the crossbeam, the clamping assembly including a plurality of elastic top rods vertically passing through the crossbeam, the clamping assembly being used to press the PCB board onto the base plate before and during welding and to apply elastic downward pressure to the area of ​​the PCB board to be clamped; The two ends of the crossbeam are detachably mounted to the base plate by means of support members and span between adjacent solder windows. It is used to provide cross-window support for heavy or large PCB boards and suppress deformation caused by its own weight and thermal stress during the reflow process. The device is suitable for soldering in wave soldering ovens to reduce the risk of poor solder penetration, solder overflow and cold solder joints.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, A support member is provided at each end of the crossbeam; Two support components are mounted on the base plate; The crossbeam is detachably mounted on the supports on both sides.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism between the crossbeam and the support is a flat-button side-push-pressing structure, which presses the crossbeam in place by a pressure block that pushes along the side of the crossbeam to achieve quick assembly, disassembly and locking.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism between the crossbeam and the support is an inverted buckle structure, and the end of the crossbeam is fixed to the support through the inverted buckle to prevent it from falling off.

5. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism between the crossbeam and the support is a locking structure with a flat-lock nut.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes several elastic push rods capable of vertical elastic extension and retraction; The elastic push rod is vertically inserted through the crossbeam. A spring is installed on the elastic push rod on the lower side of the crossbeam. The spring is fixed to the elastic push rod by a snap ring so that the elastic push rod can reset after being compressed and maintain a continuous pressing force on the PCB board.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the elastic push rod is provided with a top block, which fits the position or shape of the component on the PCB board that needs to be pressed and fixed. A tension rod is provided on the front and rear sides of the crossbeam, and an insert is provided on the base plate; The upper end of the tension rod is fixed to the crossbeam, and the lower end is fixed to the insert.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The crossbeam is equipped with a foolproof structure; The foolproof structure includes a positioning hole that matches the shape of the upper end of the push rod; The positioning hole can only be inserted when the top rod is rotated to an angle that matches the shape of the positioning hole.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The side positioning assembly includes several positioning blocks and side locking components; The positioning block and the side locking component are set on the base plate and located below both sides of the crossbeam; The side locking component is provided with two locking notches and a locking lever; By setting the lever to different positions on the locking notch, the fastening and releasing positions can be switched, thereby achieving fastening and releasing.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate is made of synthetic stone, and the crossbeam and clamping assembly are made of stainless steel.

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