Positioning fixture for welding of heterogeneous workpieces

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of positioning fixture for heterogeneous workpiece welding, including welding table, the top of welding table is fixedly connected with two mounting plates, two the side of mounting plate opposite is commonly fixedly connected with two tracks, two the top of track is slidably connected with two T-shaped seats by sliding frame, one side of one mounting plate is provided with adjustment assembly, the top of T-shaped seat is fixedly connected with horizontal moving plate, the side of horizontal moving plate is fixedly connected with two guide rails one. The utility model is cooperatively used by rotating disc, driving assembly, moving assembly and rotating assembly etc. structure, so as to be able to make the lateral, longitudinal and rotation angle of heterogeneous workpiece be flexibly adjusted by jig design, adapt to the heterogeneous workpiece welding demand of different shape, size, the rotation of worm gear can be adjusted by rotating rod, the angle of workpiece can be quickly changed, which provides great convenience for the adjustment of complex welding position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of workpiece welding fixture technology, and in particular to a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Precisely positioning and aligning two dissimilar workpieces during welding is a significant technical challenge. Due to differences in material, shape, size, and surface properties, traditional welding fixtures often employ a single fixing method, failing to effectively achieve precise docking of dissimilar workpieces. Furthermore, existing welding fixtures often lack the flexibility to adjust the relative positions between workpieces, particularly when precise lateral and longitudinal adjustments are required, making it difficult to meet the high precision demands of the welding process. This not only increases operational complexity but also impacts welding quality and efficiency.

[0003] Most existing welding positioning fixtures use mechanical fixing or single adjustment methods. Such structures are usually bulky and it is difficult to quickly and accurately adjust the different welding positions of heterogeneous workpieces in practical applications. Especially when welding complex heterogeneous workpieces, frequent workpiece alignment, movement and adjustment are often required. The adjustment method of traditional fixtures mostly relies on manual operation, resulting in low operating efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the existing technology. This utility model proposes a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces, including a welding table, two mounting plates fixedly connected to the top of the welding table, two rails fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two mounting plates, two T-shaped seats slidably connected to the top of the two rails via sliding frames, an adjustment component provided on one side of one of the mounting plates, a horizontal sliding plate fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped seat, two guide rails I fixedly connected to one side of the horizontal sliding plate, a vertical sliding plate slidably connected to one side of the two guide rails I via sliders, a driving component provided on one side of the horizontal sliding plate, two guide rails II fixedly connected to one side of the vertical sliding plate, a fixed plate slidably connected to one side of the two guide rails II via sliders, a moving component provided on one side of the vertical sliding plate, a rotating disk fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the rotating disk, a rotating component provided on the outer wall of the rotating disk, and a chuck fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0007] The welding table, serving as the base of the entire device, bears all moving and rotating components. It possesses high rigidity and vibration resistance, typically constructed of cast iron or welded steel. The surface can be integrated with graduated scales for positioning assistance. Mounting plates are fixed to both sides of the welding table's top, supporting the rails and adjusting components, ensuring stable operation of the bidirectional threaded rod. The rails utilize high-precision linear guides, guiding the T-shaped seats to slide along the length of the welding table. The rail surface is hardened to reduce friction loss. The T-shaped seats are slidably connected to the rails, with the top supporting a transverse sliding plate. Lateral displacement is achieved through the bidirectional threaded rod. High-precision linear guide rail one constrains the vertical sliding plate along its lateral movement path, ensuring smooth movement. The vertical sliding plate supports guide rail two and the moving components, sliding laterally along guide rail one. Vertical linear guide rail two constrains the fixed plate along its longitudinal movement path, forming a two-dimensional adjustment plane orthogonal to the transverse guide rail. The chuck, acting as the end effector for clamping heterogeneous workpieces, features replaceable jaws to adapt to different workpiece shapes. Flexible materials such as polyurethane can be embedded in the jaw surface to prevent scratching the workpiece, or pressure sensor monitoring clamps can be integrated.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The adjustment assembly includes a drive rod rotatably mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates, one end of which is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod.

[0009] The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod is threadedly connected to two T-shaped seats, and one end of the bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably connected to one side of another mounting plate.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The drive assembly includes a servo motor and two connecting plates. The servo motor and the two connecting plates are fixedly installed on one side of the transverse plate. The output end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to a transverse screw.

[0011] The servo motor provides power input and achieves precise adjustment of lateral displacement through closed-loop control. The lateral screw converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into the linear motion of the vertical plate, and the thread lead determines the movement speed and accuracy.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer wall of the transverse screw is threaded with a threaded block.

[0013] One side of the threaded block is fixedly connected to one side of the vertical moving plate, and the two ends of the transverse moving screw are rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the two connecting plates. The threaded block connects the transverse moving screw and the vertical moving plate, transmits driving force and bears shear load. The driving component is used for transverse fine adjustment of the workpiece and to compensate for welding path deviation. It is suitable for high-precision butt welding such as thin-walled pipes.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: The moving component includes a second servo motor and two second connecting plates. The second servo motor and the two second connecting plates are all fixedly installed on one side of the vertical moving plate. The output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to a vertical moving screw.

[0015] Servo motor 2 drives the vertical screw to rotate, controlling the longitudinal position of the fixed plate. It can programmably realize multi-axis coordinated motion. The vertical screw works with servo motor 2 to convert the rotational motion into the vertical displacement of the fixed plate. The thread lead is optimized for a low-speed, high-torque design.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer wall of the vertical moving screw is threaded with a threaded block two.

[0017] One side of the threaded block two is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate, and both ends of the vertical moving screw are rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the two connecting plates two. The threaded block two connects the vertical moving screw and the fixed plate, transmitting longitudinal driving force. The moving component can achieve alignment in the height direction of the workpiece, such as matching the center lines of workpieces with different diameters, to avoid welding misalignment.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution: The rotating assembly includes a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating disk, and a worm gear is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod.

[0019] One end of the worm gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating disk. The rotating rod is a manual input end. The worm gear drives the worm wheel by rotating the worm gear. The operating force is small and controllable. The worm gear and worm wheel are the core transmission pair. The single-head design of the worm gear achieves a high reduction ratio. The worm wheel is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer wall of the worm is meshed with a worm wheel.

[0021] The worm gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating assembly can provide 360° stepless rotation to adjust the welding angle of the workpiece, such as the circumferential weld. The self-locking characteristic of the worm gear prevents welding vibration from causing displacement.

[0022] 1. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include: by using the combination of structures such as rotating disk, driving component, moving component and rotating component, the horizontal, vertical and rotation angles of heterogeneous workpieces can be flexibly adjusted through the fixture design, so as to adapt to the welding needs of heterogeneous workpieces of different shapes and sizes. By adjusting the rotation of the worm gear by rotating rod, the angle of the workpiece can be quickly changed, which provides great convenience for the adjustment of complex welding positions.

[0023] 2. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include: by using the mounting plate, track, T-shaped seat and adjustment components in combination, the relative position between workpieces can be precisely controlled by using the bidirectional threaded rod assembly in conjunction with the precision guide rail, which greatly reduces the positioning error caused by traditional fixtures. It is also suitable for standard workpieces and can flexibly handle heterogeneous workpieces of different sizes, shapes and materials, ensuring that even heterogeneous workpieces with irregular shapes or different surface properties can achieve perfect docking. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The disclosure of this utility model is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts. Wherein: Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the adjustment assembly of a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the drive assembly of a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows an exploded three-dimensional view of the moving component of a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The schematic diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the rotating assembly of a positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Welding table; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Rail; 4. T-shaped seat; 5. Horizontal moving plate; 6. Guide rail one; 7. Vertical moving plate; 8. Guide rail two; 9. Fixing plate; 10. Rotating disk; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. Chuck; 13. Drive rod; 14. Bidirectional threaded rod; 15. Servo motor one; 16. Connecting plate one; 17. Horizontal moving screw; 18. Threaded block one; 19. Servo motor two; 20. Connecting plate two; 21. Vertical moving screw; 22. Threaded block two; 23. Rotating rod; 24. Worm gear; 25. Worm wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this utility model, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the technical solution of this utility model and should not be considered as the entirety of this utility model or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with Figure 1-5As shown. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces includes a welding table 1. Two mounting plates 2 are fixedly connected to the top of the welding table 1. Two rails 3 are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the two mounting plates 2. Two T-shaped seats 4 are slidably connected to the top of the two rails 3 via sliding frames. An adjustment assembly is provided on one side of one of the mounting plates 2. A transverse sliding plate 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped seat 4. Two guide rails 6 are fixedly connected to one side of the transverse sliding plate 5. A vertical sliding plate 7 is slidably connected to one side of the two guide rails 6 via sliders. A drive assembly is provided on one side of the transverse sliding plate 5. Two guide rails 8 are fixedly connected to one side of the vertical sliding plate 7. One side of each guide rail 8 is slidably connected to a fixed plate 9 via a slider. A moving component is provided on one side of the vertical moving plate 7. A rotating disk 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 9. A rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the rotating disk 10. A rotating component is provided on the outer wall of the rotating disk 10. A chuck 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 11. The welding table 1 serves as the base of the entire device, bearing all moving and rotating components. It possesses high rigidity and vibration resistance, and is typically constructed of cast iron or welded steel. A scale can be integrated into the surface for auxiliary positioning. Mounting plates 2 are fixed to both sides of the top of the welding table 1 to support the rails 3 and the adjustment components. To ensure the stable operation of the bidirectional threaded rod 14, the track 3 adopts a high-precision linear guide rail, guiding the T-shaped seat 4 to slide along the length direction of the welding table 1. The surface of the track 3 is hardened to reduce frictional loss. The T-shaped seat 4 is slidably connected to the track 3, and the top supports the transverse sliding plate 5. The transverse displacement is achieved by driving the bidirectional threaded rod 14. The first guide rail 6 is a high-precision linear guide rail, which constrains the vertical sliding plate 7 along the transverse movement path to ensure smooth movement. The vertical sliding plate 7 carries the second guide rail 8 and the moving component, and slides laterally along the first guide rail 6. The second guide rail 8 is a vertical linear guide rail, which constrains the fixed plate 9 along the longitudinal movement path, forming a two-dimensional adjustment plane orthogonal to the transverse guide rail. The chuck 12, as the end effector for clamping heterogeneous workpieces, has interchangeable grippers to adapt to workpieces of different shapes. Flexible materials such as polyurethane can be embedded in the surface of the grippers to avoid scratching the workpieces, or pressure sensors can be integrated to monitor the grippers. Through the coordinated use of structures such as the rotating disk 10, drive assembly, moving assembly, and rotating assembly, the lateral, longitudinal, and rotation angles of heterogeneous workpieces can be flexibly adjusted through the fixture design to adapt to the welding needs of heterogeneous workpieces of different shapes and sizes. By adjusting the rotation of the worm gear 25 and worm 24 through the rotating rod 23, the angle of the workpiece can be quickly changed, which provides great convenience for adjusting complex welding positions.

[0028] The adjustment assembly includes a drive rod 13 rotatably mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates 2. One end of the drive rod 13 is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod 14. The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod 14 is threadedly connected to two T-shaped seats 4. One end of the bidirectional threaded rod 14 is rotatably connected to one side of the other mounting plate 2.

[0029] The drive assembly includes a servo motor 15 and two connecting plates 16. The servo motor 15 and the two connecting plates 16 are fixedly mounted on one side of the transverse plate 5. The output end of the servo motor 15 is fixedly connected to a transverse screw 17. The servo motor 15 provides power input and achieves precise adjustment of lateral displacement through closed-loop control. The transverse screw 17 converts the rotational motion of the servo motor into the linear motion of the vertical plate 7. The thread lead determines the movement speed and accuracy. The outer wall of the transverse screw 17 is threadedly connected to a threaded block 18. One side of the threaded block 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the vertical plate 7. The two ends of the transverse screw 17 are rotatably connected to the opposite side of the two connecting plates 16. The threaded block 18 connects the transverse screw 17 and the vertical plate 7, transmits driving force and bears shear load. The drive assembly is used for fine-tuning the transverse of the workpiece and compensating for welding path deviations. It is suitable for high-precision butt welding such as thin-walled pipes.

[0030] The moving component includes a second servo motor 19 and two connecting plates 20. The second servo motor 19 and the two connecting plates 20 are fixedly installed on one side of the vertical moving plate 7. The output end of the second servo motor 19 is fixedly connected to a vertical moving screw 21. The second servo motor 19 drives the vertical moving screw 21 to rotate, controlling the longitudinal position of the fixed plate 9. It can programmably realize multi-axis coordinated motion. The vertical moving screw 21 cooperates with the second servo motor 19 to convert the rotational motion into the vertical displacement of the fixed plate 9. The thread lead is optimized for a low-speed, high-torque design. The outer wall of the vertical moving screw 21 is threadedly connected to a second threaded block 22. One side of the second threaded block 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 9. The two ends of the vertical moving screw 21 are rotatably connected to the opposite side of the two connecting plates 20. The second threaded block 22 connects the vertical moving screw 21 and the fixed plate 9, transmitting longitudinal driving force. The moving component can realize the alignment of the workpiece in the height direction, such as matching the center lines of workpieces with different diameters, avoiding welding misalignment.

[0031] The rotating assembly includes a rotating rod 23 rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating disk 10. One end of the rotating rod 23 is fixedly connected to a worm gear 24, and one end of the worm gear 24 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating disk 10. The rotating rod 23 is a manual input end, which drives the worm wheel 25 by rotating the worm gear 24. The operating force is small and controllable. The worm gear 24 and the worm wheel 25 are the core transmission pair. The single-head design of the worm gear 24 achieves a high reduction ratio. The worm wheel 25 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11. The outer wall of the worm gear 24 is meshed with the worm wheel 25, and the inside of the worm wheel 25 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11. The rotating assembly can provide 360° stepless rotation to adjust the welding angle of the workpiece, such as the circumferential weld. The self-locking characteristics of the worm wheel 25 and the worm gear 24 prevent welding vibration from causing displacement.

[0032] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the heterogeneous workpieces to be welded are fixed in place by the chuck 12. Then, according to the welding position, an external power supply can be connected, and the servo motor 15 is started, so that its output end drives the transverse screw 17 to rotate. Under the action of the screw, the vertical moving plate 7 fixed to the threaded block 18 can move laterally along the guide rail 16. Then, the servo motor 29 can be started, so that the output end of the servo motor 29 rotates, thereby driving the vertical moving screw 21 fixed to it to rotate. Under the action of the vertical moving screw 21, the fixing plate 9 fixed to the threaded block 22 can move vertically along the guide rail 28. Then, the operator can rotate the rotating rod 23 to rotate, thereby driving the worm gear 24 to rotate, so that the meshing worm wheel 25 rotates, thereby driving the rotating shaft 11 to rotate. Thus, the heterogeneous workpieces fixed on the chuck 12 can be adjusted as needed to align their welding positions, which facilitates operation at different welding positions, significantly improves work efficiency, and reduces the time wasted due to the inconvenience of adjusting the workpiece rotation angle. After alignment, the drive rod 13 can be rotated to drive the bidirectional threaded rod 14 to rotate, so that the two T-shaped seats 4 on the bidirectional threaded rod 14 can move relative to each other or apart along the track 3, thereby driving the heterogeneous workpieces on the chuck 12 to effectively align the workpieces and achieve precise displacement of the workpieces in the plane, which is convenient for welding heterogeneous workpieces of different volumes.

[0033] The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces, comprising a welding table (1), characterized in that, The welding table (1) has two mounting plates (2) fixedly connected to its top. Two rails (3) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two mounting plates (2). Two T-shaped seats (4) are slidably connected to the top of the two rails (3) through a sliding frame. An adjustment component is provided on one side of one of the mounting plates (2). A horizontal sliding plate (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped seat (4). Two guide rails (6) are fixedly connected to one side of the horizontal sliding plate (5). A vertical sliding plate (7) is slidably connected to one side of the two guide rails (6) through a slider. A drive assembly is provided on one side of the horizontal moving plate (5), and two guide rails (8) are fixedly connected to one side of the vertical moving plate (7). A fixed plate (9) is slidably connected to one side of the two guide rails (8) through a slider. A moving assembly is provided on one side of the vertical moving plate (7), and a rotating disk (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate (9). A rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the rotating disk (10). A rotating assembly is provided on the outer wall of the rotating disk (10), and a chuck (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft (11).

2. The positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a drive rod (13) rotatably mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates (2), one end of which is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod (14).

3. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a servo motor (15) and two connecting plates (16). The servo motor (15) and the two connecting plates (16) are fixedly installed on one side of the transverse plate (5). The output end of the servo motor (15) is fixedly connected to a transverse screw (17).

4. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the transverse screw (17) is threadedly connected to a threaded block (18).

5. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving component includes a second servo motor (19) and two second connecting plates (20). The second servo motor (19) and the two second connecting plates (20) are fixedly installed on one side of the vertical moving plate (7). The output end of the second servo motor (19) is fixedly connected to a vertical moving screw (21).

6. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the vertical moving screw (21) is threaded with a threaded block two (22).

7. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes a rotating rod (23) rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating disk (10), and a worm gear (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod (23).

8. A positioning fixture for welding heterogeneous workpieces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the worm (24) is meshed with a worm wheel (25).

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