An automatic locking positioning mechanism

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of automatic locking positioning mechanism, including quick-change side locking block, first mounting hole, locking hole, positioning hole, sliding column, clamping groove, locking mechanism, tool store positioning block and second mounting hole, the quick-change side locking block is fixed on quick-change unit by the cooperation of first mounting hole and bolt, and locking hole is passed and set in quick-change side locking block;Several positioning holes are set in the quick-change side locking block, and the inside of positioning hole is fixed with locking mechanism;Sliding column is slidably installed in the inside of locking hole, and the outer surface of sliding column is provided with clamping groove;The end of sliding column is fixed with tool store positioning block, and tool store positioning block is fixed on tool store by the cooperation of second mounting hole and bolt.The utility model is provided, the cooperation of locking mechanism and clamping groove improves the replacement efficiency between quick-change unit and tool store, secondly, locking mechanism uses modular design, and then it is convenient to overhaul and spare replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of locking and positioning technology, and in particular relates to an automatic locking and positioning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Locking and positioning mechanisms are key functional components widely used in automated manufacturing, especially in machining centers, CNC machine tools, and other equipment. Their main function is to enable rapid and precise connection and separation between two independent components (such as quick-change unit and tool magazine, robot and end effector, etc.), and to ensure sufficient rigidity and repeatability after connection to meet the requirements of high-cycle and high-precision production.

[0003] In existing technologies, a common solution for locking and positioning the quick-change unit and the tool magazine is to use pneumatic or hydraulic drive. Specifically, after the quick-change unit is placed in the corresponding position in the tool magazine, an external pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder needs to be activated. Through the extension of the piston rod, a clamping force is applied to the quick-change unit to finally complete the rigid locking and precise positioning between it and the tool magazine. This "clamping" locking method, which relies on an external power source, can achieve a reliable connection, but it also has the following disadvantages:

[0004] First, the locking process of existing technology is inefficient. Every time the quick-change unit is replaced, it must go through the steps of "placement → start pneumatic / hydraulic system → clamping". Conversely, when separating, it also needs the steps of "releasing pressure → taking out". The whole process depends on the response and execution time of the external system, and cannot achieve true "instant" locking and separation, which limits the improvement of the equipment tool changing efficiency and the overall production cycle.

[0005] Secondly, the existing technology is relatively expensive. Each quick-change unit's locking station needs to be equipped with an independent cylinder (or hydraulic cylinder), solenoid valve, and corresponding air / oil circuit connections. When the machine tool's tool magazine capacity is large and multiple quick-change units need to be installed at the same time, the number of pneumatic components and pipelines required will increase exponentially. This not only significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the equipment but also makes the system structure more complex, increasing the difficulty and cost of later maintenance.

[0006] Therefore, it is essential to invent an automatic locking and positioning mechanism. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the above problems, this utility model proposes an automatic locking and positioning mechanism, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0008] An automatic locking and positioning mechanism includes a quick-change side locking block, a first mounting hole, a locking hole, a positioning hole, a sliding column, a slot, a locking mechanism, a tool magazine positioning block, and a second mounting hole. The quick-change side locking block is fixed to the quick-change unit through the first mounting hole and bolts, and a locking hole is formed through the quick-change side locking block. The quick-change side locking block has several positioning holes, each of which has a locking mechanism fixed inside. The actuating end of the locking mechanism is movably disposed inside the positioning hole or the locking hole. A sliding column is slidably installed inside the locking hole, and a slot adapted to the actuating end of the locking mechanism is formed on the outer surface of the sliding column. A tool magazine positioning block is fixed to the end of the sliding column by welding, and the tool magazine positioning block is fixed to the tool magazine through the second mounting hole and bolts.

[0009] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a positioning frame, a compression spring, and a steel ball. The positioning frame is fixed inside the positioning hole, and a compression spring is fixed to the end of the positioning frame. A steel ball is fixed to the end of the compression spring away from the positioning frame. Both the compression spring and the steel ball are movably disposed inside the positioning hole and the locking hole, and the size of the steel ball is adapted to the size of the slot. With this arrangement, when the quick-change unit needs to be locked onto the tool magazine, the sliding column will be locked into the locking hole. When the quick-change mechanism is disengaged from the tool magazine, the steel ball will be pushed into the positioning hole by the pressure of the slot, thereby canceling the locking effect on the sliding column.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the end of the positioning hole near the locking hole is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball. This design prevents the steel ball from popping out completely inside the positioning hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning frame includes an adjusting post, a stud, and a groove. The end of the adjusting post is integrally provided with a stud, which is fixed inside the positioning hole by thread engagement, and a compression spring is fixed to the end of the stud away from the adjusting post. The end of the adjusting post away from the stud has a groove. This design facilitates the removal of the locking mechanism from the positioning hole for inspection or replacement. Similarly, it allows for adjustment of the spring force of the compression spring.

[0012] Furthermore, both the ends of the sliding post furthest from the tool magazine positioning block and the ends of the sliding post furthest from the locking hole are chamfered. This design improves the smoothness of the sliding post's insertion into the locking hole.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The design of this utility model achieves the function of "self-locking during insertion and self-unlocking during removal" through the ingenious cooperation of sliding column, spring and steel ball. During the insertion process, the sliding column squeezes the steel ball until it is aligned with the slot. The steel ball automatically springs into the slot under the action of the spring to complete the locking. When separating, external force can cause the steel ball to be compressed and retracted to release the lock. This process does not require additional operation and greatly improves the replacement efficiency between the quick change unit and the tool magazine.

[0015] Secondly, the locking mechanism adopts a modular design, which can be easily unscrewed from the positioning hole by using a tool to engage with the irregular groove at the end of the positioning frame, making maintenance and parts replacement convenient. At the same time, by rotating the positioning frame to adjust its installation depth, the preload of the compression spring can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the locking force according to the actual working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning frame of this utility model.

[0021] 1-Quick-change side locking block, 2-First mounting hole, 3-Locking hole, 4-Positioning hole, 5-Sliding column, 6-Card slot, 7-Locking mechanism, 71-Positioning bracket, 711-Adjusting column, 712-Stud, 713-Irregular groove, 72-Compression spring, 73-Steel ball, 8-Tool magazine positioning block, 9-Second mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "middle", "outer", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model is an automatic locking and positioning mechanism, including a quick-change side locking block 1, a first mounting hole 2, a locking hole 3, a positioning hole 4, a sliding column 5, a slot 6, a locking mechanism 7, a tool magazine positioning block 8, and a second mounting hole 9. The quick-change side locking block 1 is fixed to the quick-change unit through the first mounting hole 2 and the cooperation of bolts, and the quick-change side locking block 1 has a through locking hole 3. The quick-change side locking block 1 has a plurality of positioning holes 4, and the locking mechanism 7 is fixed inside each positioning hole 4. The actuating end of the locking mechanism 7 is movably disposed inside the positioning hole 4 or the locking hole 3. The sliding column 5 is slidably installed inside the locking hole 3, and the outer surface of the sliding column 5 has a slot 6 that is adapted to the actuating end of the locking mechanism 7. The end of the sliding column 5 is fixed to the tool magazine positioning block 8 by welding, and the tool magazine positioning block 8 is fixed to the tool magazine through the cooperation of the second mounting hole 9 and bolts.

[0025] Specifically, the locking mechanism 7 includes a positioning frame 71, a compression spring 72, and a steel ball 73. The positioning frame 71 is fixed inside the positioning hole 4, and the end of the positioning frame 71 is fixed with the compression spring 72. The end of the compression spring 72 away from the positioning frame 71 is fixed with the steel ball 73. The compression spring 72 and the steel ball 73 are both movably arranged inside the positioning hole 4 and the locking hole 3, and the size of the steel ball 73 is adapted to the size of the slot 6. With this arrangement, when it is necessary to lock the quick-change unit onto the tool magazine, the sliding column 5 will slide into the locking hole 3. At this time, the sliding column 5 will squeeze the steel ball 73, causing the steel ball 73 to retract into the positioning hole 4. When the steel column 73 contacts the slot 6, the steel ball 73 will pop out under the action of the compression spring 72, locking the slot 6 to achieve positioning. When the quick-change mechanism is removed from the tool magazine, the steel ball 73 will enter the positioning hole 4 under the pressure of the slot 6, thereby canceling the locking effect on the sliding column 5.

[0026] Specifically, the inner diameter of the end of the positioning hole 4 near the locking hole 3 is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball 73. This setting can prevent the steel ball 73 from popping out completely inside the positioning hole 4.

[0027] Specifically, the positioning frame 71 includes an adjusting column 711, a stud 712, and a groove 713. The end of the adjusting column 711 is integrally provided with a stud 712, which is fixed inside the positioning hole 4 by thread engagement. A compression spring 72 is fixed to the end of the stud 712 away from the adjusting column 711. The end of the adjusting column 711 away from the stud 712 has a groove 713. With this arrangement, the positioning frame 71 can be rotated by using a tool and the groove 713, thereby allowing the locking mechanism 7 to be removed from the positioning hole 4 for inspection or replacement. Similarly, by rotating the positioning frame 71, the length of the positioning frame 71 inside the positioning hole 4 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the compression spring 71.

[0028] Furthermore, the ends of the sliding post 5 away from the tool magazine positioning block 8 and the locking hole 3 are both chamfered. This design can improve the smoothness of the sliding post 5 being inserted into the locking hole 3.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model is an automatic locking and positioning mechanism. Its working principle is as follows: When it is necessary to lock the quick change unit onto the tool magazine, the sliding post 5 will slide into the locking hole 3. At this time, through the cooperation of the locking mechanism 7 and the slot 6, the sliding post 5 can be locked inside the locking hole 3. When the quick change mechanism is disengaged from the tool magazine, the locking mechanism 7 will automatically cancel the locking effect on the sliding post 5.

[0030] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic locking and positioning mechanism, comprising a quick-change side locking block (1), a first mounting hole (2), a locking hole (3), a positioning hole (4), a sliding column (5), a slot (6), a locking mechanism (7), a tool magazine positioning block (8), and a second mounting hole (9), characterized in that: The quick-change side locking block (1) is fixed to the quick-change unit through the first mounting hole (2) and the bolt, and a locking hole (3) is provided through the quick-change side locking block (1); a number of positioning holes (4) are provided on the quick-change side locking block (1), wherein a locking mechanism (7) is fixed inside the positioning hole (4), and the execution end of the locking mechanism (7) is movably arranged inside the positioning hole (4) or the locking hole (3); a sliding column (5) is slidably installed inside the locking hole (3), wherein a groove (6) adapted to the execution end of the locking mechanism (7) is provided on the outer surface of the sliding column (5); a tool magazine positioning block (8) is fixed at the end of the sliding column (5), wherein the tool magazine positioning block (8) is fixed to the tool magazine through the second mounting hole (9) and the bolt.

2. The automatic locking and positioning mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (7) includes a positioning frame (71), a compression spring (72), and a steel ball (73). The positioning frame (71) is fixed inside the positioning hole (4), and the end of the positioning frame (71) is fixed with a compression spring (72). The end of the compression spring (72) away from the positioning frame (71) is fixed with a steel ball (73). The compression spring (72) and the steel ball (73) are both movably arranged inside the positioning hole (4) and the locking hole (3), and the size of the steel ball (73) is adapted to the size of the slot (6).

3. The automatic locking and positioning mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the end of the positioning hole (4) near the locking hole (3) is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball (73).

4. The automatic locking and positioning mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning frame (71) includes an adjusting column (711), a stud (712), and a groove (713). The end of the adjusting column (711) is integrally provided with a stud (712), wherein the stud (712) is fixed inside the positioning hole (4) by thread engagement, and a compression spring (72) is fixed at the end of the stud (712) away from the adjusting column (711); the end of the adjusting column (711) away from the stud (712) is provided with a groove (713).

5. An automatic locking and positioning mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding column (5) has chamfers at the ends away from the tool magazine positioning block (8) and the locking hole (3).

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