Quick clamping mechanism for CNC machining product

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of CNC processing product quick change clamping mechanism, including fixture body, replacement plate, positioning system and Z-axis limiting boss: fixture body is fixed in numerical control processing machine tool, as mechanism base support;Replacement plate is used for clamping to be processed product, can be realized quick replacement to satisfy alternate operation demand;Positioning system is core function component, at least two positioning components (consist of spring and full conical positioning pin), at least two conical positioning sleeve and at least one cylinder positioning module are included, through the taper surface cooperation of full conical positioning pin and conical positioning sleeve, the elastic compensation of spring and the automatic compression of cylinder, the precision positioning and quick locking of replacement plate and fixture body are realized;Z-axis limiting boss is fixed in fixture body, provides vertical direction limit for replacement plate.This application is designed by taper surface cooperation and spring compensation, improves positioning accuracy;Adopt cylinder drive and taper surface cooperation to separate structure, eliminate jamming risk, improve change clamping efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of CNC machining clamping equipment, and in particular to a quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products. Background Technology

[0002] In CNC machining of smaller products, to minimize machine downtime and improve production efficiency, the industry commonly employs an "alternating plate operation" method. This involves preparing two identical plates that serve both product positioning and positioning coordination with the fixture body. In practice, one plate is used to clamp the product before being placed into the fixture for CNC machining, while the other plate is placed on a workbench next to the machine. Once the product on the first plate is finished, it is removed and a new product is clamped. This cycle repeats, achieving a "machine-without-stop clamping" operation mode.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, the positioning method between the replacement plate and the fixture body generally adopts a mating method where two circular positioning holes are fitted into the cylindrical pins of the fixture body. To facilitate the placement and removal of the replacement plate, the clearance of this mating is usually set to more than 0.03mm on one side. Although this clearance design facilitates operation to a certain extent, it directly leads to a loss of positioning accuracy. The positioning error of the replacement plate on the fixture body can fluctuate by up to 0.05mm, which cannot meet the requirements of high-precision machining. At the same time, the cylindrical surfaces of the cylindrical pin and the positioning hole are prone to wear due to long-term friction, leading to positioning failure. This requires frequent maintenance or replacement of parts, increasing maintenance costs and downtime. Moreover, since the replacement plate needs to be used frequently, the plate body is usually designed to be thin and light to reduce the burden on operators. In actual use, it is prone to slight deformation. The 0.03mm mating clearance is already small. Coupled with the slight deformation of the replacement plate, it is difficult for operators to ensure vertical operation when clamping. The replacement plate is very likely to jam, making it difficult to put into the fixture body or take it out, which seriously affects production efficiency. At the same time, forcing operation when jammed will aggravate the wear of the positioning pin and the positioning hole, further shortening the service life of the parts. Therefore, existing positioning methods suffer from low positioning accuracy, susceptibility to failure, and difficulties and inefficiencies in replacement operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the problems in related technologies. Therefore, one of the objectives of this utility model is to provide a quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products, which enables precise, gapless positioning of the change plate and the fixture body, and rapid, jam-free replacement, while eliminating the impact of micro-deformation of the change plate and component wear on positioning accuracy.

[0005] A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products, comprising: The fixture body is used for mounting on CNC machine tools; The replacement plate is used to clamp the product to be processed and can be quickly replaced with the fixture body; A positioning system is used to achieve precise positioning and rapid locking between the replacement plate and the fixture body. The positioning system includes: At least two positioning components, each of the positioning components including a spring connected at the bottom and a fully conical positioning pin at the top, the two ends of the spring being connected to the clamp body and the fully conical positioning pin; At least two conical positioning sleeves are adjustablely mounted on the replacement plate, and each conical positioning sleeve matches the full conical positioning pin, with the inner conical surface of the conical positioning sleeve engaging with the outer conical surface of the full conical positioning pin. At least one cylinder positioning module is provided, which is used to drive the replacement plate to press against the clamp body in the vertical direction, so that the conical positioning sleeve is in close contact with the conical surface of the full conical positioning pin; The Z-axis limiting boss is fixedly mounted on the fixture body, and the bottom of the replacement plate contacts the Z-axis limiting boss to provide limiting in the Z-axis direction.

[0006] Furthermore, the replacement plate has at least two fastening holes, and the positioning system also includes at least two fastening screws, which pass through the fastening holes and abut against the top of the conical positioning sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, the replacement plate has at least two connecting holes on its side, and the positioning system also includes at least two locking screws. One of the connecting holes communicates with one of the fastening holes, and the locking screw passes through the connecting hole and abuts against the side of the conical positioning sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the Z-axis limiting boss has a mounting hole in the vertical direction, one end of the spring passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the clamp body, and the other end is connected to the full conical positioning pin.

[0009] Furthermore, the top surface of the Z-axis limiting boss is provided with a buffer pad.

[0010] Furthermore, the cylinder positioning module includes a cylinder, a pressure block, and a connecting seat. The connecting seat is connected to the fixture body, one end of the pressure block is rotatably connected to the output end of the cylinder, the connecting seat is connected to the rotation shaft of the pressure block, and the cylinder drives the other end of the pressure block to press against the replacement plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the edge of the replacement plate is provided with a positioning groove, and the pressure block is pressed against the positioning groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the fully conical locating pin and the conical locating sleeve have a clearance fit of 0.005mm on one side.

[0013] Furthermore, the replacement plate is provided with handles on both sides along its length, and the two handles are arranged symmetrically.

[0014] Furthermore, both the fully conical locating pin and the conical locating sleeve are made of wear-resistant materials.

[0015] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art: This application utilizes a conical surface mating structure of a fully conical locating pin and a conical locating sleeve to reduce the positioning error fluctuation of the replacement plate on the fixture body, thereby improving positioning accuracy. The spring at the bottom of the fully conical locating pin can compensate for wear, ensuring a tight fit even with slight wear on the conical surface after long-term use. This avoids the positioning failure problem caused by wear on the cylindrical surface in existing technologies, achieving permanent and accurate positioning and reducing maintenance costs and downtime. The small-clearance fit between the existing cylindrical pin and the locating hole is eliminated, and a conical surface mating design is adopted. Combined with cylinder-driven clamping and spring-assisted disengagement, there is no jamming during the replacement plate loading and unloading process, improving clamping efficiency. The spring at the bottom of the fully conical locating pin eliminates over-positioning of the positioning system in the Z-axis height and eliminates positioning errors caused by slight deformation of the replacement plate. It also provides wear compensation. The preload of the spring is set to approximately half the clamping force of a single cylinder. Under cylinder clamping conditions, the positioning system achieves complete clearance-free six degrees of freedom between the replacement plate and the fixture body, and the replacement plate can easily detach from the conical surface when the cylinder is released. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] In the attached image:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to this application; Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the quick-clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point A; Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of an embodiment of the quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to this application; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of one embodiment of the quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products in this application.

[0020] Figure label: 10. Fixture body; 20. Replacement plate; 21. Fastening hole; 22. Connecting hole; 23. Positioning groove; 24. Handle; 30. Positioning system; 31. Full conical positioning pin; 32. Spring; 33. Conical positioning sleeve; 34. Cylinder positioning module; 341. Cylinder; 342. Pressure block; 343. Connecting seat; 35. Z-axis limiting boss; 351. Mounting hole; 352. Buffer pad; 36. Fastening screw; 37. Locking screw. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 - Figure 5 As shown, this application provides a quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products, comprising: The fixture body 10 is used for mounting on a CNC machine tool; The replacement plate 20 is used to clamp the product to be processed and can be quickly replaced with the fixture body 10. The positioning system 30 is used to achieve precise positioning and rapid locking between the replacement plate 20 and the clamp body 10. The positioning system 30 includes: At least two positioning components, each of the positioning components including a spring 32 located at the bottom and a fully conical positioning pin 31 located at the top, the two ends of the spring 32 being connected to the clamp body 10 and the fully conical positioning pin 31; At least two conical positioning sleeves 33 are adjustablely mounted on the replacement plate 20, and each conical positioning sleeve 33 is matched with the full conical positioning pin 31, with the inner conical surface of the conical positioning sleeve 33 engaging with the outer conical surface of the full conical positioning pin 31. At least one cylinder positioning module 30 is provided, which is used to drive the replacement plate 20 to press against the clamp body 10 in the vertical direction, so that the conical positioning sleeve 33 is in close contact with the conical surface of the full conical positioning pin 31. The Z-axis limiting boss 35 is fixedly mounted on the fixture body 10, and the bottom of the replacement plate 20 contacts the Z-axis limiting boss 35 to provide limiting in the Z-axis direction.

[0024] The fixture body 10 is fixedly mounted on a CNC machine tool, serving as the basic support component of the entire clamping mechanism. The fixture body 10 is fixedly equipped with a Z-axis limiting boss 35 and a positioning system 30 mounting position. The Z-axis limiting boss 35 provides a rigid limit in the Z-axis direction for the changing plate 20, ensuring the stability of the changing plate 20's position in the vertical direction. The positioning system 30 mounting position is used to fix the core component of the positioning system 30, ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0025] The replacement plate 20 is used to clamp the product to be processed and can be quickly replaced with the fixture body 10, serving as the core carrier for alternating operations. The replacement plate 20 has at least two mounting holes 351 for adjusting the conical positioning sleeve 33 of the positioning system 30. The clearance between the mounting hole 351 and the conical positioning sleeve 33 is set to 0.005mm on one side to ensure stable installation and fine adjustment of the conical positioning sleeve 33. The positioning system 30 is the core for achieving high-precision positioning and rapid clamping, eliminating the shortcomings of existing technologies. It includes positioning components, a conical positioning sleeve 33, and a cylinder positioning module 30. At least two positioning components are symmetrically distributed along the length of the fixture body 10 (to ensure positioning stability). Each positioning component consists of a fully conical positioning pin 31 with a spring 32 at its bottom. One end of the spring 32 passes through the mounting hole 351 of the Z-axis limiting boss 35 and is fixedly connected to the fixture body 10; the other end is connected to the fully conical positioning pin 31. The preload of the spring 32 is set to half the clamping force of a single cylinder. This parameter design ensures a tight fit between the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the conical positioning pin 31's conical surface when the cylinder clamps, while avoiding damage to the conical surface due to excessive pressure, and also eliminating over-positioning problems in the Z-axis height direction. The number of conical positioning sleeves 33 is the same as that of positioning components, at least two, which are adjustablely installed in the mounting holes 351 of the replacement plate 20. Their inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the full conical positioning pin 31, and their inner conical surface and the outer conical surface of the full conical positioning pin 31 form a conical surface fit.

[0026] At least one cylinder positioning module 30 is provided (preferably two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the replacement plate 20), consisting of a cylinder, a pressure block 342, and a connecting seat 343. The connecting seat 343 is fixed to the fixture body 10, and one end of the pressure block 342 is rotatably connected to the cylinder output end, while the other end is pressed against the positioning groove 23 on the edge of the replacement plate 20 under the drive of the cylinder. This design allows the cylinder thrust to be converted into a vertical clamping force on the replacement plate 20 through the pressure block 342, ensuring that the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the conical positioning pin 31 achieve complete clearance-free operation of six degrees of freedom under the clamping state. When the cylinder is released, the automatic separation characteristic of the conical surface fit allows the replacement plate 20 to easily disengage, solving the positioning accuracy problem caused by excessive clearance in the cylindrical positioning pin fit in the prior art, and eliminating the influence of micro-deformation of the replacement plate 20 on positioning through the adaptive characteristic of the conical surface fit. In another embodiment, there can also be four cylinder positioning modules 30, with the four cylinder positioning modules 30 respectively corresponding to the four corners of the replacement plate 20.

[0027] Furthermore, the replacement plate 20 has at least two fastening holes 21, and the positioning system 30 also includes at least two fastening screws 36, which pass through the fastening holes 21 and abut against the top of the conical positioning sleeve 33.

[0028] From the perspective of the installation stability of the conical positioning sleeve 33, if only the clearance fit between the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the mounting hole 351 of the replacement plate 20 is relied upon, during long-term use, factors such as frequent removal and placement of the replacement plate 20 and processing vibrations can easily cause the conical positioning sleeve 33 to loosen axially within the mounting hole 351, thereby compromising the conical surface fit accuracy with the full conical positioning pin 31. The fastening screw 36, through the fastening hole 21, abuts against the top of the conical positioning sleeve 33, applying a stable axial preload to the conical positioning sleeve 33, firmly fixing it within the mounting hole 351, preventing axial displacement, and ensuring the continuous accuracy of the conical surface fit.

[0029] From the perspective of consistent positioning accuracy, the relative position of the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the replacement plate 20 may deviate after different batches of replacement plates 20 or after long-term use, resulting in inconsistent positioning accuracy between different replacement plates 20 and the fixture body 10. The design of the fastening screw 36 allows operators to fine-tune the axial position of the conical positioning sleeve 33 by adjusting the screw's holding force during assembly or maintenance. This ensures that the conical positioning sleeve 33 on each replacement plate 20 can precisely engage with the fully conical positioning pin 31 of the fixture body 10, guaranteeing consistent positioning accuracy when multiple replacement plates 20 are used alternately. This avoids affecting processing quality due to individual differences, based on the compensation capability of the adjustable fixing structure for accuracy deviations.

[0030] In terms of ease of maintenance, when the conical positioning sleeve 33 experiences slight wear or positional shift, there is no need to disassemble and replace the plate 20 or the conical positioning sleeve 33. The position and preload can be adjusted simply by tightening the fastening screw 36, which simplifies the maintenance process and reduces maintenance time and cost. Compared with the existing technology that requires the complete disassembly and replacement of parts, the maintenance efficiency is greatly improved. This is due to the adjustable and easy-to-operate characteristics of the design.

[0031] Furthermore, the replacement plate 20 has at least two connecting holes 22 on its side, and the positioning system 30 also includes at least two locking screws 37. One of the connecting holes 22 is connected to one of the fastening holes 21, and the locking screws 37 pass through the connecting holes 22 and abut against the side of the conical positioning sleeve 33.

[0032] The replacement plate 20 has a fastening hole 21 (top) and a connecting hole 22 (side) that communicate with the mounting hole 351 of the conical positioning sleeve 33. The top limiting screw passes through the fastening hole 21 and abuts against the top of the conical positioning sleeve 33 to adjust the preload of the conical positioning sleeve 33. The side tightening screw passes through the connecting hole 22 and abuts against the side of the conical positioning sleeve 33 to lock and fix it after the position of the conical positioning sleeve 33 is adjusted to the correct position to prevent displacement.

[0033] From the perspective of omnidirectional fixation of the tapered positioning sleeve 33, the fastening screw 36 can only achieve axial fixation. However, during machining, the cutting force and vibration of the CNC machine tool can easily cause radial displacement of the tapered positioning sleeve 33, resulting in an increase in the clearance of the tapered surface and a decrease in positioning accuracy. The fastening screw holds the tapered positioning sleeve 33 from the side, which can limit its radial (X, Y direction) displacement. Together with the axial fastening screw 36, it forms a double constraint, firmly fixing the tapered positioning sleeve 33 in the mounting hole 351, preventing it from loosening or shifting in any direction, and ensuring that the tapered surface fit is always in a precise state.

[0034] In terms of anti-interference capability, existing technologies do not employ radially fixed conical positioning sleeves 33, which are prone to "wobbling" when subjected to cutting impact forces or vibrations, leading to relative positional deviations between the replacement plate 20 and the fixture body 10, affecting machining accuracy. However, the locking screw 37 design provides radial support to the conical positioning sleeve 33 through lateral abutment, enhancing its impact and vibration resistance. Even under high-intensity machining conditions, it maintains the positional stability of the conical positioning sleeve 33, ensuring positioning accuracy is not affected by external interference. This is based on the counteracting effect of the radial support structure on external forces.

[0035] From the perspective of controllable assembly precision, during the assembly process, the radial position of the conical positioning sleeve 33 can be finely adjusted by adjusting the holding force of the locking screw 37, ensuring precise alignment between the central axis of the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the central axis of the fully conical positioning pin 31. This further reduces the coaxiality error of the conical surface fit and improves positioning accuracy. Compared to relying solely on machining tolerances to ensure coaxiality, this design provides adjustable space for assembly precision, reduces excessive reliance on machining precision, and improves the production pass rate of the mechanism. This is thanks to the compensating effect of the radial fine-tuning function on assembly errors.

[0036] Furthermore, the Z-axis limiting boss 35 has a mounting hole 351 in the vertical direction. One end of the spring 32 passes through the mounting hole 351 and is connected to the clamp body 10, while the other end is connected to the full conical positioning pin 31.

[0037] The Z-axis limiting boss 35 has a mounting hole 351 in the vertical direction for mounting the spring 32 component in the positioning system 30. One end of the spring 32 passes through the mounting hole 351 of the Z-axis limiting boss 35 and is fixedly connected to the fixture body 10, while the other end is connected to the fully conical positioning pin 31. The fit clearance between the fully conical positioning pin 31 and the fixture body 10 is set to 0.005mm on one side to ensure the installation accuracy of the positioning pin itself.

[0038] From the perspective of spring 32 installation stability, if spring 32 does not have a dedicated mounting hole 351 and is directly placed between the Z-axis limiting boss 35 and the full-cone locating pin 31, long-term use may cause the spring 32 to shift laterally, tilt, or even fall off due to the up-and-down movement of the full-cone locating pin 31 and processing vibrations. This would cause the compensation function of spring 32 to fail, thereby affecting the positioning accuracy and normal operation of the mechanism. In this embodiment, the mounting hole 351 forms a wrapping positioning for spring 32, restricting spring 32 to only extend and retract along the axis of the mounting hole 351, avoiding lateral displacement, ensuring that spring 32 is always in the correct working position, and guaranteeing the continuous reliability of its elastic compensation function. This effect is based on the constraint effect of the mounting hole 351 on the movement trajectory of spring 32. From the perspective of the smoothness of spring 32 extension and retraction, if spring 32 extends and retracts without guidance, it may twist or jam due to uneven force, causing the full-cone locating pin 31 to be unable to move up and down smoothly, affecting the pressing and disengaging process of the conical surface fit. The guiding function of the mounting hole 351 ensures that the spring 32 is subjected to uniform force and has a stable movement trajectory when it extends and retracts. This, in turn, ensures that the fully conical positioning pin 31 can move smoothly with the extension and retraction of the spring 32, guaranteeing that the conical surface fits tightly when the cylinder is pressed and that the fully conical positioning pin 31 returns to its original position smoothly when it is released. This avoids problems such as jamming or poor fit and improves the smoothness of the mechanism's operation. This is based on the guiding structure's role in ensuring motion accuracy.

[0039] Furthermore, the top surface of the Z-axis limiting boss 35 is provided with a buffer pad 352.

[0040] A buffer pad 352 can be installed on the top surface of the Z-axis limiting boss 35 to prevent wear caused by hard contact between the replacement plate 20 and the boss, thus extending the service life of the component. As a flexible intermediate, the buffer pad 352 can absorb the impact force when the replacement plate 20 is clamped, reducing collision damage. Simultaneously, the wear-resistant properties of the buffer pad 352 can replace direct friction between the two, preventing wear between the limiting boss and the replacement plate 20, extending the service life of the component, and ensuring long-term stability of Z-axis limiting accuracy. This effect is based on the buffering and wear-resistant properties of the flexible material. From the perspective of vibration isolation during machining, vibrations generated during CNC machining are transmitted to the Z-axis limiting boss 35 through the fixture body 10. If the replacement plate 20 makes hard contact with the boss, the vibration will be directly transmitted to the replacement plate 20, potentially causing fluctuations in product machining accuracy. The buffer pad 352 has a certain vibration damping capacity, isolating some vibrations and reducing the impact of vibrations on the replacement plate 20 and the product to be processed, making the machining process more stable and improving the consistency of product machining quality. This is based on the vibration damping effect of the flexible material.

[0041] Furthermore, the cylinder positioning module 30 includes a cylinder, a pressure block 342, and a connecting seat 343. The connecting seat 343 is connected to the clamp body 10. One end of the pressure block 342 is rotatably connected to the output end of the cylinder. The connecting seat 343 is connected to the rotating shaft of the pressure block 342. The cylinder drives the other end of the pressure block 342 to press against the replacement plate 20.

[0042] At least one cylinder positioning module 30 is provided (preferably two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the replacement plate 20), including a cylinder, a pressure block 342, and a connecting seat 343. The connecting seat 343 is fixedly connected to the fixture body 10, one end of the pressure block 342 is rotatably connected to the output end of the cylinder, and the connecting seat 343 is also connected to the rotating shaft of the pressure block 342. When the cylinder is driven, the other end of the pressure block 342 can rotate into the positioning groove 23 of the replacement plate 20 and press downward, so that the replacement plate 20 is pressed against the fixture body 10, and finally the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the conical surface of the full conical positioning pin 31 are tightly fitted. When the cylinder is released, the pressure block 342 rotates in the opposite direction and disengages from the positioning groove 23, and the replacement plate 20 can be easily lifted.

[0043] Furthermore, the edge of the replacement plate 20 is provided with a positioning groove 23, and the pressing block 342 presses against the positioning groove 23.

[0044] The edge of the replacement plate 20 is provided with a positioning groove 23, which is used to cooperate with the pressure block 342 of the cylinder positioning module 30 to ensure that the pressure application point is accurate when the cylinder is pressed and to prevent the replacement plate 20 from shifting.

[0045] From the perspective of the accuracy of the pressing position of the pressure block 342, if the replacement plate 20 does not have the positioning groove 23, the pressure block 342 may slip or shift due to factors such as placement deviation of the replacement plate 20 or vibration when pressing, causing the point of application of the clamping force to deviate from the preset position, resulting in uneven force on the replacement plate 20, tilting, and damage to the accuracy of the conical surface fit. The positioning groove 23 provides a limiting function for the pressure block 342, guiding the pressure block 342 to accurately embed into the groove, ensuring that each clamping force is applied to the designated position on the edge of the replacement plate 20, avoiding the offset of the point of application, ensuring the force balance of the replacement plate 20, and thus maintaining the accuracy of the conical surface fit. This effect is based on the constraint effect of the positioning groove 23 on the position of the pressure block 342.

[0046] From the perspective of the installation guidance of the replacement plate 20, when the operator places the replacement plate 20, he can help judge whether the placement position of the replacement plate 20 is correct by aligning the positioning groove 23 with the pressure block 342. This plays a role in pre-positioning guidance, reducing the placement deviation of the replacement plate 20, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the installation of the replacement plate 20. Compared with the placement method without guidance, it reduces the difficulty of operation, especially for novice operators. This is based on the installation guidance function of the positioning groove 23.

[0047] Furthermore, the fully conical locating pin 31 and the conical locating sleeve 33 are fitted with a clearance of 0.005mm on one side.

[0048] The fully conical locating pin 31 and the conical locating sleeve 33 are fitted with a single-sided clearance of 0.005mm. This high-precision clearance design ensures smooth fit between the two while minimizing the clearance, laying the foundation for high positioning accuracy. From the perspective of ensuring positioning accuracy, in existing technologies, single-sided clearances greater than 0.03mm can lead to a maximum relative positional deviation of 0.05mm between the replacement plate 20 and the fixture body 10, failing to meet high-precision machining requirements. In this embodiment, the high-precision clearance of 0.005mm significantly reduces the space for positioning errors. Combined with the self-centering characteristic of the conical fit, the maximum fluctuation in positioning error between the replacement plate 20 and the fixture body 10 is only 0.007mm, improving positioning accuracy by 6 times. This meets the machining requirements of precision parts, and this effect is based on the control of error sources by the high-precision clearance.

[0049] Furthermore, the replacement plate 20 is provided with handles 24 on both sides along its length, and the two handles 24 are arranged symmetrically.

[0050] The replacement plate 20 is symmetrically provided with handles 24 on both sides along its length, which makes it easy for the operator to lift the replacement plate 20 with both hands and avoid the replacement plate 20 tilting due to uneven force during operation.

[0051] From the perspective of reducing operator workload, in existing technologies, operators need to pull the replacement plate 20 with both hands in front of their chest. This posture requires continuous force, which can easily lead to occupational diseases such as lumbar muscle strain over long periods of time, and the high labor intensity can easily cause fatigue. The symmetrical handles 24 allow operators to adopt a natural standing posture, holding the handles 24 on both sides of their body to lift the replacement plate 20. This makes applying force easier and the posture more comfortable, eliminating the need to exert force in front of the chest, significantly reducing labor intensity and fatigue. Long-term operation can effectively avoid occupational disease risks, improve work comfort and employee retention rate. This effect is based on the optimization of the operating posture through ergonomic design.

[0052] From the perspective of the stability of the replacement plate 20 during handling, when there is no handle 24 or the handle 24 is asymmetrical, the operator is prone to uneven force on the replacement plate 20 due to improper gripping position, resulting in tilting or collision. This not only affects the positioning accuracy but may also damage the product or mechanism. The symmetrical handle 24 provides the operator with a stable gripping point, ensuring even force application with both hands. The replacement plate 20 remains horizontal during handling, avoiding tilting or collision, improving operational safety and the accuracy of the replacement plate 20 installation, and reducing losses caused by operational errors. This is based on the guarantee of force balance provided by the symmetrical structure.

[0053] Furthermore, both the fully conical positioning pin 31 and the conical positioning sleeve 33 are made of wear-resistant materials.

[0054] Both the full-cone locating pin 31 and the conical locating sleeve 33 are made of wear-resistant materials, such as Cr12MoV mold steel and cemented carbide. These materials have the characteristics of high hardness and high wear resistance, and can withstand long-term friction without easy wear.

[0055] From the perspective of extending component lifespan, the full-conical locating pin 31 and the conical locating sleeve 33 are core components in the mechanism that frequently come into contact and rub against each other. Existing technologies use ordinary steel, and the cylindrical surface is prone to wear from long-term friction, leading to positioning failure and requiring frequent component replacement, increasing maintenance costs and downtime. The high hardness and wear-resistant properties of wear-resistant materials can significantly reduce wear during conical surface mating. Even with long-term use (such as tens of thousands of clamp changes), the conical surface can still maintain its original accuracy, avoiding positioning failure due to wear, extending component lifespan, reducing replacement frequency, and lowering maintenance costs and downtime. This effect is based on the wear-resistant material's physical properties and resistance to wear.

[0056] From the perspective of long-term stability of positioning accuracy, if the component material is not wear-resistant, wear on the conical surface will lead to an increase in the mating clearance, and the positioning accuracy will gradually decrease, requiring regular maintenance and adjustment to maintain accuracy. Wear-resistant materials ensure slow and uniform wear on the conical surface, and combined with the wear compensation function of spring 32, the accuracy of the conical surface mating can be maintained for a long time. This ensures that the positioning accuracy of the mechanism remains stable throughout its service life, without the need for frequent adjustments, thus guaranteeing consistent processing quality. This is based on the synergistic effect of the wear-resistant material and the compensation function of spring 32.

[0057] The high-precision, quick-change clamping function of this utility model is described in the following process: The operator holds the handles 24 on both sides of the replacement plate 20 with both hands, aligns the replacement plate 20 with the upper part of the fixture body 10, and through the pre-positioning structure (such as guide ramp or positioning pin) between the replacement plate 20 and the fixture body 10, the conical positioning sleeve 33 on the replacement plate 20 is initially fitted into the top of the full conical positioning pin 31 of the fixture body 10, completing the rough positioning and ensuring that the conical surface can be accurately aligned during the subsequent clamping process.

[0058] Insert the tapered positioning sleeve 33 into the mounting hole 351 of the replacement plate 20, initially fixing it but not tightening the top limit screw and the side tightening screw; place the replacement plate 20 on the fixture body 10, so that the bottom of the replacement plate 20 is in contact with the Z-axis limit boss 35, and fit the tapered positioning sleeve 33 into the full tapered positioning pin 31; gently press the replacement plate 20 by hand, and gently tap the tapered positioning sleeve 33 downward until the inner tapered surface is completely in contact with the outer tapered surface of the full tapered positioning pin 31; start the cylinder, so that the pressure block 342 presses against the positioning groove 23 of the replacement plate 20 and maintains the pressure state; adjust the top limit screw to apply a small amount of pre-pressure to the tapered positioning sleeve 33 (to ensure that the tapered surface is in contact without looseness), and then tighten the side tightening screw to completely fix the tapered positioning sleeve 33; release the cylinder, remove the replacement plate 20, and check whether the tapered positioning sleeve 33 is fixed firmly. If it is loose, repeat the above steps to adjust.

[0059] During the process of the cylinder being activated to press the pressure block 342 against the positioning groove 23 of the replacement plate 20, the bottom of the replacement plate 20 gradually contacts the Z-axis limiting boss 35, achieving Z-axis direction limiting; at the same time, the inner conical surface of the conical positioning sleeve 33 gradually fits into the outer conical surface of the full conical positioning pin 31. Since the preload of the spring 32 at the bottom of the full conical positioning pin 31 is half of the cylinder clamping force, the cylinder pressure can completely overcome the preload of the spring 32, making the conical surfaces fit tightly together, achieving complete gapless restriction between the replacement plate 20 and the fixture body 10 in the three linear directions of X, Y, and Z and the rotational directions around the three axes (a total of six degrees of freedom); if the replacement plate 20 has slight deformation, the spring 32 can eliminate the positioning error caused by the deformation through its own elastic expansion and contraction; if the conical surface is slightly worn after long-term use, the compensation effect of the spring 32 can ensure that the conical surface can still fit tightly, achieving "permanent precise positioning". After the product on the replacement plate 20 is processed, the cylinder positioning module 30 is released, and the pressure block 342 rotates in the opposite direction to disengage from the positioning groove 23 of the replacement plate 20. The operator lifts the handle 24 of the replacement plate 20 with both hands. Since the conical positioning sleeve 33 and the full conical positioning pin 31 are in conical surface fit and there is no rigid clearance constraint, the replacement plate 20 can be easily disengaged from the conical surface without jamming.

[0060] It is understood that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present utility model should fall within the coverage of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products, characterized in that, include: The fixture body is used for mounting on CNC machine tools; The replacement plate is used to clamp the product to be processed and can be quickly replaced with the fixture body; A positioning system is used to achieve precise positioning and rapid locking between the replacement plate and the fixture body. The positioning system includes: At least two positioning components, each of the positioning components including a spring connected at the bottom and a fully conical positioning pin at the top, the two ends of the spring being connected to the clamp body and the fully conical positioning pin respectively; At least two conical positioning sleeves are adjustablely mounted on the replacement plate, and each conical positioning sleeve matches the full conical positioning pin, with the inner conical surface of the conical positioning sleeve engaging with the outer conical surface of the full conical positioning pin. At least one cylinder positioning module is provided, which is used to drive the replacement plate to press against the clamp body in the vertical direction, so that the conical positioning sleeve is in close contact with the conical surface of the full conical positioning pin; A Z-axis limiting boss is fixedly mounted on the fixture body. The bottom of the replacement plate contacts the Z-axis limiting boss to provide limiting in the Z-axis direction.

2. The quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The replacement plate has at least two fastening holes, and the positioning system also includes at least two fastening screws, which pass through the fastening holes and abut against the top of the conical positioning sleeve.

3. The quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to claim 2, characterized in that, The replacement plate has at least two connection holes on its side, and the positioning system also includes at least two locking screws. One of the connection holes is connected to one of the fastening holes, and the locking screw passes through the connection hole and abuts against the side of the conical positioning sleeve.

4. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The Z-axis limiting boss has a mounting hole in the vertical direction. One end of the spring passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the clamp body, and the other end is connected to the full conical positioning pin.

5. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top surface of the Z-axis limiting boss is provided with a buffer pad.

6. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The cylinder positioning module includes a cylinder, a pressure block, and a connecting seat. The connecting seat is connected to the fixture body. One end of the pressure block is rotatably connected to the output end of the cylinder. The connecting seat is connected to the rotating shaft of the pressure block. The cylinder drives the other end of the pressure block to press against the replacement plate.

7. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to claim 6, characterized in that, The edge of the replacement plate is provided with a positioning groove, and the pressure block is pressed against the positioning groove.

8. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The fully tapered locating pin and the tapered locating sleeve have a single-sided clearance fit of 0.005mm.

9. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The replacement plate is provided with handles on both sides along its length, and the two handles are arranged symmetrically.

10. A quick clamping mechanism for CNC machined products according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Both the fully conical locating pin and the conical locating sleeve are made of wear-resistant materials.

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