Sandstone and cement and accelerator on-line mixing pneumatic unloading device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of mineral car sandstone material and cement, quick-setting agent online stirring mixed pneumatic unloading device, belong to the technical field of mine engineering machinery;The device includes a telescopic frame structure formed by four columns, two telescopic cross beams, a moving beam and two connecting beams;Integrated on the frame structure are pneumatic positioning system, pneumatic drive and stirring system, automatic flushing system, rotating wall-hanging system and overall moving system.Pneumatic drive and stirring system include screw extractor and scraper type lifting mechanism driven by first pneumatic motor, and U-shaped spiral conveying pipeline driven by second pneumatic motor, connected by a telescopic transition material bucket between the two, the utility model is combined by the above unique mechanical structure, realizes pure pneumatic drive and online twice stirring, makes shotcrete material fully mixed, realizes mixing and spraying, to ensure the activity of shotcrete;The utility model also has the advantages of safety explosion-proof, especially suitable for flammable and explosive environment such as mine shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mining engineering machinery technology, specifically relating to a pneumatic unloading device for online mixing and mixing of sand and gravel with cement and quick-setting agent in mine cars. Background Technology

[0002] In shotcrete support operations in mine roadways, chambers, and special environments, traditional material supply methods have many drawbacks: 1) High safety risks. Manual unloading requires workers to stand on the mine car to unload the material. Especially when the mine car is stopped on the slope of an inclined roadway for shotcreting, it relies on the winch to pull the mine car, which can easily lead to falls and slippage accidents. 2) Manual unloading is not only physically demanding and inefficient, but also results in uneven mixing. Currently, most shotcrete mixtures are supplied by workers standing on mine carts and unloading with shovels. This is physically demanding and inefficient. In addition, manual unloading also leads to uneven mixing of the mixture, which can cause increased rebound rate, waste of shotcrete, clumping, and pipe blockage. 3) Poor timeliness of premixed aggregates. Premixed aggregates often experience premature cement setting due to long transportation or storage times, reducing the adhesion of the shotcrete and resulting in insufficient load-bearing capacity and poor durability of the shotcrete layer in the tunnel. Furthermore, premixed aggregates also present energy consumption issues due to secondary handling. 4) Energy and safety / environmental limitations. Existing electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic unloading equipment is often not accepted by users and operators due to its large size, heavy weight, inconvenience in installation, relocation, or operation, as well as limitations in energy, safety, and special environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a small, lightweight, easy-to-operate, easy-to-move, safe and efficient unloading device that meets the requirements for explosion protection or special environments, so as to realize online mixing and spraying of sand, gravel, cement and quick-setting agent, thereby ensuring the quality of spraying. Utility Model Content

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a pneumatic unloading device for online mixing and blending of sand and gravel with cement and accelerator in a mine car. The device includes a retractable frame structure, a pneumatic positioning system, a pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system, and an automatic flushing system. The pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system is movably mounted on the retractable frame structure, wherein: The pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system includes a spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism, a U-shaped spiral conveying pipe, a first pneumatic motor, a second pneumatic motor, and a telescopic barrel; the telescopic barrel is connected between the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism and the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe; the first pneumatic motor is connected to the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism; the second pneumatic motor is connected to the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe.

[0004] Based on the above technical features, the first motor drives the screw conveyor and scraper lifting mechanism to collect the material, which is then mixed with cement and quick-setting agent in the first stage. The mixture then falls through a telescopic bucket into a U-shaped screw conveyor pipe, where a second motor drives a second stage of mixing and conveying to the outlet. Using two pneumatic motors, the mixture can be fully mixed and sprayed within 5 minutes, maintaining the activity of the sprayed grout.

[0005] Preferably, the retractable frame structure includes columns, telescopic beams, movable beams, and connecting beams, and the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system is mounted on the movable beams.

[0006] Based on the above technical features, the dimensions can be adjusted according to the width of the tunnel to ensure the stability of the device and its environmental adaptability.

[0007] Preferably, the pneumatic positioning system includes front and rear cylinders, upper and lower cylinders, and left and right cylinders; the front and rear cylinders are mounted on the moving beam, and the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system are connected to the front and rear cylinders; the left and right cylinders are mounted on the telescopic crossbeam, and the moving beam is connected to the left and right cylinders; the upper and lower cylinders are mounted on the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system, and a scraper-type lifting mechanism is connected to the upper and lower cylinders.

[0008] Based on the above technical features, the unloading device is precisely positioned in three dimensions within the mine car by coordinating the actions of three sets of cylinders (up and down, left and right, and front and back), with the front and back cylinders installed inside the square steel of the telescopic beam.

[0009] Preferably, the spiral feeding and scraper lifting mechanism includes a spiral feeding port and a scraper lifting mechanism; a cement addition box and a quick-setting agent addition box are respectively provided above the spiral feeding port.

[0010] Based on the above technical features, the sand and gravel are mixed online for the first time with the falling cement and quick-setting agent during the spiral material collection process.

[0011] Preferably, the automatic flushing system includes multiple water spray nozzles, which are disposed inside the spiral feed inlet and connected to the flushing water pipe.

[0012] Based on the above technical features, water spray nozzles are installed on the material handling device. After the grouting is completed in a shift, the water source is turned on and the system is idled for more than 5 minutes to automatically clean the inside of the unloading device to prevent residual material from condensing.

[0013] Preferably, the device further includes a rotating support system, which includes a base, a rotating shaft, and a drive cylinder. The base is provided with a rotating shaft connected to the drive cylinder. The base is fixed to a frame or the ground. The U-shaped spiral conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the base, and the telescopic bucket is movably connected to the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe.

[0014] Based on the above technical features, after each shift of shotcreting is completed, the U-shaped conveying pipe extending above the shotcreting machine is rotated 90° by a pneumatic mechanism and a rotating support system, so that it is placed close to the tunnel wall during non-working hours, without affecting the normal transportation of the tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the overall relocation system includes a fixed frame, a movable support beam, and fixed pins. The fixed frame is movably installed at the four corners of the mine car. The movable support beam passes through the fixed frame and is fixedly connected to the connecting beam. The movable support beam is connected to the connecting beam and the fixed frame through fixed pins.

[0016] Based on the above technical features, after the unloading device has been used, cleaned, and the water and gas supply has been disconnected, the unloading device can be fixed on an empty mine car and the entire device can be moved quickly and labor-savingly using rail transport.

[0017] Preferably, the fixing frame includes an L-shaped fixing plate clamping on both sides of the material cart wall and a movable support beam limiting hole connected to the L-shaped fixing plate.

[0018] Based on the above technical features, the two L-shaped fixing plates of the fixing frame are respectively clamped on the corner of the material cart and fixed by fixing pins. The moving beam limiting hole can be welded above the two L-shaped fixing plates. The moving beam limiting hole is used for the moving beam to pass through and to fix the two L-shaped fixing plates. One end of the moving beam passes through the moving beam limiting hole, and the other end passes through the moving beam limiting hole at another corner of the material cart, connects with the fixing ring under the connecting beam at the other end, and is fixed by fixing pins.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1) Intrinsically safe: Purely pneumatically driven, with no electrical components, fully meets the mine explosion-proof requirements (GB3386 standard), completely eliminating the safety risks caused by manual unloading of mine cars, and especially solving the safety hazards caused by slippage in inclined roadways.

[0020] 2) Advanced technology and high-quality spraying: The sand, gravel, cement and quick-setting agent are mixed online twice. Its unique process ensures that the spraying material is fully mixed and sprayed immediately after mixing. This ensures the activity of the spraying material (the time interval between mixing and spraying is less than 5 minutes). The bonding strength can be increased by 15-20%, and the rebound rate is low. At the same time, it avoids the problems of poor initial setting, poor adhesion and insufficient load-bearing capacity that are easily caused by precast materials, as well as the problem of insufficient mixing in a single mixing.

[0021] 3) High efficiency and energy saving: The efficiency of a single person is more than twice that of traditional spraying, while also greatly reducing the labor intensity of individuals; it eliminates the construction cost of fixed mixing plants and reduces the energy consumption of secondary material handling.

[0022] 4) High practicality and wide applicability: The unloading device is small in size, light in weight, low in cost, and fully pneumatic. It is easy to operate and move. It also has reliable overload performance and can adjust the unloading speed by air volume. It is very suitable for use in underground roadways with limited space and complex environment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure described in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall transfer system structure in the device described in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fixing frame and the material cart described in this utility model.

[0024] List of Identifiers in the Attached Drawings: 1-Column, 2-Connecting Beam, 3-Cement Addition Regulating Valve, 4-Cement Addition Box, 5-Screw Picking and Scraper Lifting Mechanism, 6-Discharge Port, 7-Conveying Motor, 8-U-shaped Spiral Conveying Pipe, 9-Accelerating Agent Addition Box, 10-Rotating Side-Moving Mechanism, 11-Telescopic Bucket, 12-Left and Right Cylinders, 13-Flushing Water Pipe, 14-Pickup Motor, 15-Front and Rear Cylinders, 16-Up and Down Cylinders, 17-Front and Rear Moving Mechanism, 18-Moving Beam, 19-Telescopic Crossbeam, 20-Pneumatic Control Box, 21-Fixed Frame, 22-Moving Support Beam, 23-Fixed Ring, 24-Rotating Shaft, 25-Base, 26-L-shaped Fixed Plate, 27-Moving Support Beam Limiting Hole, 28-Material Cart. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: This example includes a pneumatic unloading device for online mixing and discharging of sand and gravel, cement, and accelerator in a mine car. The device includes a retractable frame structure, a pneumatic positioning system, a pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system, an automatic flushing system, and a rotating support system. The pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system is movably mounted on the retractable frame structure, wherein: The pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system includes a spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism 5, a U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8, a material handling motor 14, a conveying motor 7, and a telescopic barrel 11; the telescopic barrel 11 is connected between the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism 5 and the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8; the material handling motor 14 is connected to the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism 5; and the conveying motor 7 is connected to the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8.

[0027] Furthermore, the retractable frame structure includes a column 1, a telescopic beam 19, a movable beam 18, and a connecting beam 2, and the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system is installed on the movable beam 18.

[0028] Furthermore, the pneumatic positioning system includes front and rear cylinders 15, upper and lower cylinders 16, and left and right cylinders 12; the front and rear cylinders 15 are mounted on the moving beam 18, and the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system are connected to the front and rear cylinders 15; the left and right cylinders 12 are mounted on the telescopic crossbeam 19, and the moving beam 18 is connected to the left and right cylinders 12; the upper and lower cylinders 16 are mounted on the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system, and the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism 5 are connected to the upper and lower cylinders 16.

[0029] Furthermore, the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism 5 includes a spiral material handling port and a scraper lifting mechanism; a cement addition box 4 and a quick-setting agent addition box 9 are respectively provided above the spiral material handling port.

[0030] Furthermore, the automatic flushing system includes multiple water spray nozzles, which are installed inside the spiral feed inlet and connected to the flushing water pipe 13.

[0031] Furthermore, the rotating support system includes a base 25, a rotating shaft 24, and a drive cylinder. The base 25 is provided with a rotating shaft 24 connected to the drive cylinder. The base 25 is fixed on a frame or the ground. The U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8 is fixedly installed on the base 25, and the telescopic bucket 11 is movably connected to the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the device also includes an overall transfer system, which includes a fixed frame 21, a movable support beam 22 and a fixing pin. The fixed frame 21 is movably installed at the four corners of the mine car. The movable support beam 22 passes through the fixed frame 21 and is fixedly connected to the connecting beam 18. The movable support beam 22 is connected to the connecting beam 18 and the fixed frame 21 by fixing pins.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fixing frame includes L-shaped fixing plates 26 clamped on both sides of the material cart 28 wall and movable support beam limiting holes 27 connected to the L-shaped fixing plates 26. The two L-shaped fixing plates 26 of the fixing frame are respectively clamped on the corners of the material cart and fixed by fixing pins. The movable support beam limiting holes 27 can be set above the two L-shaped fixing plates 26 by welding. One end of the movable support beam 22 passes through the movable support beam limiting hole 27, and the other end passes through the movable support beam limiting hole 27 on the fixing frame at another corner of the material cart and is connected to the connecting beam 2 at the other end.

[0034] Example 2: The process of this device in shotcreting operation in mine roadways: (1) Preparation: Push the mine car loaded with sand and gravel into the center of the track inside the device frame, load the cement and quick-setting agent into the corresponding special funnels, and adjust the material drop gap according to the required ratio.

[0035] (2) Positioning: Open the compressed air pipeline and the pneumatic valve on the pneumatic control box 20 of the unloading device in sequence, operate the handle on the pneumatic control box 20, control the three sets of cylinders to make the unloading device's feeding port accurately positioned above the sand and gravel in the mine car.

[0036] (3) Start-up and shotcreting: First, start the shotcreting machine, and then turn on the pneumatic motors driving the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8 and the spiral material taking and scraper lifting mechanism 5 in sequence. Slowly operate the handle to lower the material taking mechanism into the material pile. The sand and gravel and the falling cement and quick-setting agent are mixed online for the first time during the spiral material taking process. After the mixture is lifted by the scraper, it falls into the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8 through the telescopic bucket 11 for a second online mixing and finally evenly fed into the shotcreting machine inlet, thus realizing "mix and spray immediately".

[0037] (4) Replenishing materials: After all the sand and gravel in one mine car has been sprayed, push the empty mine car away, and then push another sand and gravel mine car to the position of the previous mine car. Continue spraying according to the above steps. During the spraying process, pay attention to the consumption of cement and quick-setting agent, and replenish materials in a timely manner.

[0038] (5) Cleaning: After the shift is completed, the pneumatic drive motor continues to run idle, the water valve is opened, and the inside of the unloading device is automatically cleaned to prevent residual material from condensing. The cleaning time is not less than 5 minutes.

[0039] (6) Side shifting: After the cleaning work is completed, operate the rotating side-supporting system. First, lower the telescopic bucket 11, then rotate the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe 8 above the shotcrete machine 90° to be in the same direction as the roadway, and move the entire unloading device to the side of the roadway and fix it. Keep the distance between the fixed part and the outer edge of the track not less than 0.5 meters (minimum safety distance) to ensure the normal pedestrian and vehicle safety of the roadway.

[0040] (7) Relocation: Place an empty mine car on the track between the four columns 1 of the unloading device. The four columns 1 can be retracted or expanded according to the width of the roadway (for easy movement or secure fixation during use). Place the drive material handling and loading system in the empty mine car, fix the four fixed frames 21 to the four corners of the mine car, and use two movable support beams 22 to pass through the fixed rings 23 under the fixed frames and the two connecting beams 2 of the unloading device. Then fix the movable support beams 22 with fixing pins to prevent them from moving. Use the support beams to lift the entire unloading device. In the absence of water and gas, use the mine car to drag the entire unloading device to the next work point.

[0041] It should be noted that the above content merely illustrates the technical concept of this utility model and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and all such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic unloading device for online mixing and mixing of sand and gravel with cement and accelerator in mine cars, characterized in that, The device includes a retractable frame structure, a pneumatic positioning system, a pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system, an automatic flushing system, and a rotating support system. The pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system is movably mounted on the retractable frame structure, wherein: The pneumatic drive and secondary mixing system includes a spiral material collection and scraper lifting mechanism (5), a U-shaped spiral conveying pipe (8), a first pneumatic motor, a second pneumatic motor, and a telescopic barrel (11); the telescopic barrel (11) is connected between the spiral material collection and scraper lifting mechanism (5) and the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe (8); the first pneumatic motor is connected to the spiral material collection and scraper lifting mechanism (5); the second pneumatic motor is connected to the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe (8).

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retractable frame structure includes columns (1), telescopic beams (19), movable beams (18), and connecting beams (2), and the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system is installed on the movable beams (18).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic positioning system includes front and rear cylinders (15), upper and lower cylinders (16), and left and right cylinders (12). The front and rear cylinders (15) are mounted on the moving beam (18), and the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system are connected to the front and rear cylinders (15). The left and right cylinders (12) are mounted on the telescopic crossbeam (19), and the moving beam (18) is connected to the left and right cylinders (12). The upper and lower cylinders (16) are mounted on the pneumatic drive and secondary stirring system, and the spiral material handling and scraper lifting mechanism (5) are connected to the upper and lower cylinders (16).

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral feeding and scraper lifting mechanism (5) includes a spiral feeding port and a scraper lifting mechanism; a cement adding box (4) and a quick-setting agent adding box (9) are respectively provided above the spiral feeding port.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The automatic flushing system includes multiple water spray nozzles, which are installed inside the spiral feed inlet and connected to the flushing water pipe (13).

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating support system includes a base (25), a rotating shaft (24) and a drive cylinder. The base (25) is provided with a rotating shaft (24) connected to the drive cylinder. The base (25) is fixed on a frame or the ground. The U-shaped spiral conveying pipe (8) is fixedly installed on the base (25), and the telescopic bucket (11) is movably connected to the U-shaped spiral conveying pipe (8).

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an overall transfer system, which includes a fixed frame (21), a movable support beam (22) and a fixing pin. The fixed frame (21) is movably installed on the four corners of the mine car. The movable support beam (22) passes through the fixed frame (21) and is fixedly connected to the connecting beam (2). The movable support beam (22) is connected to the connecting beam (2) and the fixed frame (21) through the fixing pin.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing frame (21) includes two L-shaped fixing plates (26) clamped on both sides of the material cart wall and a movable support beam limiting hole (27) connected to the L-shaped fixing plates.

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