A vehicle-mounted charger capable of realizing alternating current slow charging and direct current fast charging of charging piles
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522343420.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-05
AI Technical Summary
[0006]本实用新型的目的在于提供一种可实现交流慢充与充电桩直流快充的车载充电机，解决了低压锂电车型存在快充需求，但受限于现有技术配置和资源适配问题，快充功能长期缺失的问题
[0013]本实用新型的可实现交流慢充与充电桩直流快充的车载充电机，所述AC整流模块将输入的交流电进行整流，转化为直流电，同时进行功率因数校正，提高电能的利用效率，减少对电网的谐波污染，为后续电路提供稳定的直流电压，电容C1起到滤波作用，使直流电压更平稳，所述DC/DC主电路能在较宽的负载范围内保持较高的效率，并且具有软开关特性，可降低开关损耗，提升电路可靠性，所述辅助电源模块接入12V直流电源，为电路中的控制部分等提供辅助电源，同时通过隔离设计，保障控制电路与主功率电路之间的电气隔离，提高系统的安全性和抗干扰能力，所述CAN控制器作为整个电路系统的核心控制单元，接收充电桩CAN（控制器局域网）信号等输入信息，协调所述半桥控制模块的工作，实现对充电过程的智能管理，比如控制充电的启停、调节充电电压和电流，通过所述输出滤波电路将整流处理后的电流提供给电池组，解决了低压锂电车型存在快充需求，但受限于现有技术配置和资源适配问题，快充功能长期缺失的问题。
Smart Images
Figure CN224828630U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle power technology, and in particular to a vehicle charger that can realize AC slow charging and DC fast charging of charging piles. Background Technology
[0002] 1. Electric vehicles are classified and have different charging configurations. Currently, pure electric vehicles are mainly divided into three categories, and each type of vehicle has significant differences in power battery type, on-board charger configuration and charging capacity.
[0003] 2. Core Technology Pain Points Low resource utilization: The country has widely deployed DC fast charging piles in large and medium-sized cities, but micro electric vehicles cannot use such social resources because they do not have fast charging ports; low-speed electric vehicles also face the same problem of not being able to use fast charging resources after switching to low-voltage lithium batteries.
[0004] Limited user experience: The micro electric vehicle market is developing rapidly, but its only support for slow charging results in long charging times and insufficient travel convenience for users; if the fast charging problem is not solved when low-speed electric vehicles switch to low-voltage lithium batteries in the future, they will also face the problem of poor user experience.
[0005] Technology Compatibility Gap: Existing fast charging technologies are mostly designed for high-voltage lithium batteries in standard passenger vehicles, lacking low-cost and easily implemented fast charging solutions for low-voltage lithium battery (72-144V) vehicles. This results in the inability to meet the fast charging needs of low-voltage lithium battery vehicles. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an on-board charger that can realize both AC slow charging and DC fast charging from charging piles, solving the problem that low-voltage lithium battery vehicles have a need for fast charging, but the fast charging function has been lacking for a long time due to limitations in existing technology configuration and resource adaptation.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an on-board charger capable of AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, comprising an on-board charger body; an AC rectifier module; a DC / DC main circuit; a CAN controller; an auxiliary power supply module; a DC charging port; and an output rectifier and filter circuit. The AC rectifier module is connected to the on-board charger body. One end of the DC / DC main circuit is connected to the output terminal of the AC rectifier module, and the other end is connected to the battery pack of the electric vehicle. The CAN controller is connected to the DC / DC main circuit and the BMS of the electric vehicle battery pack. The auxiliary power module is connected to the AC rectifier module, the CAN controller, and the DC / DC main circuit respectively. One end of the DC charging port is connected to an external DC charging pile, and the other end is connected to the DC / DC main circuit. The output rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the DC / DC main circuit.
[0008] The DC / DC main circuit includes a first switch and a second switch. The drain of the first switch is connected to the output terminal of the AC rectifier module, the drain of the second switch is connected to the source of the first switch, and the source of the second switch is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.
[0009] The DC / DC main circuit further includes a resonant inductor, a first resonant capacitor, and a second resonant capacitor. One end of the resonant inductor is connected to the first and second switching transistors, and one end of the first and second resonant capacitors is connected to the DC bus, forming a closed resonant circuit with the first and second switching transistors.
[0010] The DC / DC main circuit further includes a transformer and a half-bridge control module. One end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the resonant inductor, and the other end is connected to the first resonant capacitor and the second resonant capacitor. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the output rectifier circuit. The half-bridge control module is connected to the first switch and the second switch.
[0011] The AC rectifier module includes an input rectifier and filter circuit and a PFC control module. The input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the on-board charger, and the PFC control module is connected to the input rectifier and filter circuit.
[0012] The auxiliary power module includes an auxiliary power isolation circuit and a feedback isolation circuit. The auxiliary power isolation circuit is connected to the half-bridge control module, and the feedback isolation circuit is connected to the half-bridge control module.
[0013] This invention relates to an on-board charger capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles. The AC rectifier module rectifies the input AC power into DC power, while simultaneously performing power factor correction to improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce harmonic pollution to the power grid, and provide a stable DC voltage for subsequent circuits. Capacitor C1 acts as a filter, making the DC voltage more stable. The DC / DC main circuit maintains high efficiency over a wide load range and features soft-switching characteristics, reducing switching losses and improving circuit reliability. The auxiliary power module connects to a 12V DC power supply, providing auxiliary power to the control components and other parts of the circuit. Meanwhile, the isolation design ensures electrical isolation between the control circuit and the main power circuit, improving the system's safety and anti-interference capabilities. The CAN controller, as the core control unit of the entire circuit system, receives input information such as the charging pile's CAN (Controller Area Network) signal, coordinates the work of the half-bridge control module, and realizes intelligent management of the charging process, such as controlling the start and stop of charging, adjusting the charging voltage and current. The rectified current is provided to the battery pack through the output filter circuit, solving the problem that low-voltage lithium battery vehicles have a need for fast charging, but the fast charging function has been lacking for a long time due to limitations in existing technology configuration and resource adaptation. Attached Figure Description
[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of an on-board charger that can realize both AC slow charging and DC fast charging of a charging pile, according to the first embodiment of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fast charging technology using LLC half-bridge technology according to the first embodiment of this utility model.
[0017] In the diagram: 101-AC rectifier module, 102-DC / DC main circuit, 103-CAN controller, 104-auxiliary power supply module, 105-output rectifier and filter circuit, 106-switch transistor 1, 107-switch transistor 2, 108-resonant inductor, 109-resonant capacitor 1, 110-resonant capacitor 2, 111-transformer, 112-half-bridge control module, 113-input rectifier and filter circuit, 114-PFC control module, 115-auxiliary power supply isolation circuit, 116-feedback isolation circuit. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0019] The first embodiment of this application is as follows: Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit structure of an on-board charger capable of AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging pile, according to the first embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fast charging technology using an LLC half-bridge solution according to the first embodiment of this utility model. This utility model provides an on-board charger capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, including an on-board charger body; an AC rectifier module 101, a DC / DC main circuit 102, a CAN controller 103, an auxiliary power module 104, a DC charging port, and an output rectifier and filter circuit 105. The DC / DC main circuit 102 includes a first switch 106, a second switch 107, a resonant inductor 108, a first resonant capacitor 109, a second resonant capacitor 110, a transformer 111, and a half-bridge control module 112. The AC rectifier module 101 includes an input rectifier and filter circuit 113 and a PFC control module 114. The auxiliary power module 104 includes an auxiliary power isolation circuit 115 and a feedback isolation circuit 116. This solution addresses the long-standing problem of low-voltage lithium battery vehicles having a need for fast charging, but lacking fast charging functionality due to limitations in existing technology configurations and resource compatibility.
[0020] In this specific embodiment, the AC rectifier module 101 is connected to the on-board charger body. One end of the DC / DC main circuit 102 is connected to the output terminal of the AC rectifier module 101, and the other end is connected to the battery pack of the electric vehicle. The CAN controller 103 is connected to the DC / DC main circuit 102 and the BMS of the electric vehicle battery pack. The auxiliary power module 104 is connected to the AC rectifier module 101, the CAN controller 103, and the DC / DC main circuit 102 respectively. One end of the DC charging port is connected to an external DC charging pile, and the other end is connected to the DC / DC main circuit 102. The output rectifier and filter circuit 105 is connected to the DC / DC main circuit 102. The AC rectifier module 101 rectifies the input AC power and converts it into DC power, while simultaneously performing power factor correction to improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce harmonics to the power grid. The capacitor C1 acts as a filter to provide a stable DC voltage for subsequent circuits, making the DC voltage more stable. The DC / DC main circuit 102 can maintain high efficiency over a wide load range and has soft-switching characteristics, which can reduce switching losses and improve circuit reliability. The auxiliary power supply module 104 is connected to a 12V DC power supply to provide auxiliary power for the control part of the circuit. At the same time, through isolation design, it ensures electrical isolation between the control circuit and the main power circuit, improving the system's safety and anti-interference capability. The CAN controller 103, as the core control unit of the entire circuit system, receives input information such as the charging pile CAN (controller 103 LAN) signal, coordinates the work of the half-bridge control module 112, and realizes intelligent management of the charging process, such as controlling the start and stop of charging, adjusting the charging voltage and current. The rectified current is provided to the battery pack through the output filter circuit.
[0021] In this configuration, the drain of the first switch transistor 106 is connected to the output terminal of the AC rectifier module 101, the drain of the second switch transistor 107 is connected to the source of the first switch transistor 106, and the source of the second switch transistor 107 is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus. The two switches, the first switch transistor 106 and the second switch transistor 107, are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals of the DC bus to form a half-bridge structure.
[0022] One end of the resonant inductor 108 is connected to the first switch transistor 106 and the second switch transistor 107, and one end of the first resonant capacitor 109 and the second resonant capacitor 110 is connected to the DC bus, forming a closed resonant circuit with the first switch transistor 106 and the second switch transistor 107.
[0023] Secondly, one end of the primary winding of the transformer 111 is connected to the resonant inductor 108, and the other end is connected to the first resonant capacitor 109 and the second resonant capacitor 110. The secondary winding of the transformer 111 is connected to the output rectifier circuit. The half-bridge control module 112 is connected to the first switch transistor 106 and the second switch transistor 107. The transformer 111 achieves voltage transformation and electrical isolation through electromagnetic induction. The half-bridge control module 112 is internally equipped with a driver chip, a current sampling element, and a control chip. The output terminal of the driver chip is connected to the gate (G pole) of K1 and K2 respectively through isolation elements to provide switching drive signals. The current sampling element is connected in series in the resonant circuit or DC bus. The sampling signal is filtered and then fed back to the control chip.
[0024] Furthermore, the input rectifier and filter circuit 113 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the on-board charger, and the PFC control module 114 is connected to the input rectifier and filter circuit 113. The input rectifier and filter circuit 113 rectifies the AC power and converts it into DC power, and the PFC control module 114 is used to perform power factor correction on the DC power.
[0025] Finally, the auxiliary power isolation circuit 115 is connected to the half-bridge control module 112, and the feedback isolation circuit 116 is also connected to the half-bridge control module 112. The auxiliary power isolation circuit 115 provides auxiliary power to the control components in the circuit. Simultaneously, through isolation design, the feedback isolation circuit 116 collects status information such as the battery pack's voltage and current, and feeds this information back to the CAN controller 103. This isolation design prevents the high voltage of the battery pack from affecting the control circuit, allowing the CAN controller 103 to accurately adjust charging parameters based on the feedback information, ensuring a safe and efficient charging process.
[0026] The on-board charger of this embodiment, which enables both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, uses an AC rectifier module 101 to rectify the input AC power into DC power. Simultaneously, it performs power factor correction to improve energy utilization efficiency, reduce harmonic pollution to the power grid, and provide a stable DC voltage for subsequent circuits. Capacitor C1 acts as a filter, making the DC voltage more stable. The DC / DC main circuit 102 maintains high efficiency over a wide load range and has soft-switching characteristics, reducing switching losses and improving circuit reliability. The auxiliary power module 104 connects to a 12V DC power supply, providing auxiliary power to the control components and other parts of the circuit. Meanwhile, through isolation design, electrical isolation between the control circuit and the main power circuit is ensured, improving the system's safety and anti-interference capability. The CAN controller 103, as the core control unit of the entire circuit system, receives input information such as the charging pile CAN (controller 103 LAN) signal, coordinates the work of the half-bridge control module 112, and realizes intelligent management of the charging process, such as controlling the start and stop of charging, adjusting the charging voltage and current. The rectified current is provided to the battery pack through the output filter circuit, solving the problem that low-voltage lithium battery vehicles have a need for fast charging, but the fast charging function has been lacking for a long time due to limitations in existing technology configuration and resource adaptation.
[0027] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.
Claims
1. A vehicle-mounted charger capable of AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, comprising a vehicle-mounted charger body characterized in that, The on-board charger integrates an AC rectifier module, a DC / DC main circuit, a CAN controller, an auxiliary power module, a DC charging port, and an output rectifier and filter circuit. The AC rectifier module is connected to the on-board charger body. One end of the DC / DC main circuit is connected to the output terminal of the AC rectifier module, and the other end is connected to the battery pack of the electric vehicle. The CAN controller is connected to the DC / DC main circuit and the BMS of the electric vehicle battery pack. The auxiliary power module is connected to the AC rectifier module, the CAN controller, and the DC / DC main circuit respectively. One end of the DC charging port is connected to an external DC charging pile, and the other end is connected to the DC / DC main circuit. The output rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the DC / DC main circuit.
2. The on-board charger as described in claim 1, capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, is characterized in that... The DC / DC main circuit includes a first switch and a second switch. The drain of the first switch is connected to the output terminal of the AC rectifier module, the drain of the second switch is connected to the source of the first switch, and the source of the second switch is connected to the negative terminal of the DC bus.
3. The on-board charger as described in claim 2, capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, is characterized in that... The DC / DC main circuit also includes a resonant inductor, a first resonant capacitor, and a second resonant capacitor. One end of the resonant inductor is connected to the first and second switching transistors, and one end of the first and second resonant capacitors is connected to the DC bus, forming a closed resonant circuit with the first and second switching transistors.
4. The on-board charger as described in claim 3, capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, is characterized in that... The DC / DC main circuit also includes a transformer and a half-bridge control module. One end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the resonant inductor, and the other end is connected to the first resonant capacitor and the second resonant capacitor. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the output rectifier circuit. The half-bridge control module is connected to the first switch and the second switch.
5. The on-board charger as described in claim 4, capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, is characterized in that... The AC rectifier module includes an input rectifier and filter circuit and a PFC control module. The input rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the on-board charger, and the PFC control module is connected to the input rectifier and filter circuit.
6. The on-board charger as described in claim 5, capable of both AC slow charging and DC fast charging via charging piles, is characterized in that... The auxiliary power module includes an auxiliary power isolation circuit and a feedback isolation circuit. The auxiliary power isolation circuit is connected to the half-bridge control module, and the feedback isolation circuit is connected to the half-bridge control module.