Railway track fastening loosening detection device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to railway track detection equipment technical field especially is a railway track fastener loosening detection device, including box, support movement subassembly, interval adjusting assembly, two detection wheels, lifting frame, electric jar, two support pins, four industry video camera, two turntables, angle of inclination adjusting assembly, data acquisition module and wireless transceiver module, support movement subassembly sets up on the box, is used for the support and removal of box, be provided with two support frames on support movement subassembly, two support frames all are with box sliding connection, interval adjusting assembly sets up on two support frames, the utility model discloses reasonable in design, not only can very good adaptation different rail width state under the rail fastener loosening detection, can realize visual monitoring and vibration monitoring's double -mode monitoring simultaneously, and convenient for flexible switching, and convenient for the fast adjustment of industry video camera's angle of inclination, effectively promoted the fastener loosening detection efficiency and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of railway track inspection equipment, and in particular to a railway track fastener loosening detection device. Background Technology

[0002] As the core component connecting rails and sleepers, the tightness of railway track fasteners directly affects the geometric stability of the track and the safety of train operation. If loose fasteners are not detected in time, they can easily lead to track deformation, train bumps, or even derailment.

[0003] Currently, track fastener loosening detection devices are mainly divided into two categories: fixed-mounted and track-propelled. However, they have obvious shortcomings in practical applications: Fixed-mounted devices mostly rely on mounting on the bottom of the inspection vehicle, and can only be inspected at high speed with the inspection vehicle. They cannot be adapted to different rail widths, and the integrated design of the detection wheel and drive wheel makes the vibration sensor susceptible to interference from motor operation, making it difficult to accurately collect vibration signals related to fastener loosening. Although track-propelled devices can move autonomously, their camera tilt adjustment structure is complex, mostly single-view adjustment or requiring manual calibration. It is not easy to achieve synchronous reverse deflection of the front and rear cameras, which can easily lead to missed fastener details due to shooting angle deviation. At the same time, they lack effective shock absorption protection, and the camera is easily affected by the vibration of the device's movement, resulting in blurred images. In addition, the detection wheels of existing devices are mostly fixed contact designs, and they are still in contact with the rail during non-inspection periods. This not only aggravates wheel wear, but also limits the flexibility of the device to be transferred on non-rail surfaces, making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient inspection and low maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes a railway track fastener loosening detection device to solve the above problems.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings mentioned in the background art and to propose a railway track fastener loosening detection device.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a railway track fastener loosening detection device, comprising a housing, a support moving component, a spacing adjustment component, two detection wheels, a lifting frame, an electric cylinder, two support pins, four industrial cameras, two turntables, an angle adjustment component, a data acquisition module, and a wireless transceiver module; The supporting and movable component is installed on the box body and is used for supporting and moving the box body; The supporting movable component is provided with two support frames, both of which are slidably connected to the box body; The spacing adjustment component is mounted on two support frames and is used to adjust the spacing between the two support frames and the housing. The housing has two guide openings. The lifting frame is slidably installed in the two guide openings and is vertically slidably connected to the two support frames. Both detection wheels are equipped with vibration monitoring components, and both detection wheels are rotatably installed on the lifting frame through the vibration monitoring components. The electric cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the housing, and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lifting frame. The bottom of the housing has a strip-shaped opening, and two parallel support pins are rotatably installed inside the strip-shaped opening. Two turntables are fixedly installed on the corresponding support pins, and four industrial cameras are detachably installed on the corresponding turntables. The tilt adjustment component is set on the housing and connected to one of the support pins. Both the data acquisition module and the wireless transceiver module are housed inside the enclosure, and the data acquisition module is electrically connected to four industrial cameras and a vibration monitoring component.

[0008] Preferably, the support moving assembly includes two support shafts, four wheels and two sliding sleeves. Two support shafts are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the housing, and sliding sleeves are axially slidably mounted on the ends of the two support shafts. Wheels are fixedly mounted on the four sliding sleeves, and the four sliding sleeves are rotatably mounted on the corresponding support frames. A drive unit connected to the left support shaft is provided on the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the spacing adjustment assembly includes a dual-axis motor and two lead screws. The dual-axis motor, which is electrically connected to an external controller, is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the housing. Lead screws are axially fixedly connected to the two output shafts of the dual-axis motor. The two lead screws extend to the front and rear sides of the housing and are threadedly connected to the corresponding support frames, and the thread directions of the two lead screws are opposite.

[0010] Preferably, the vibration monitoring assembly includes two rotating pins, two bearings, two damping rings, and two vibration sensors. Two damping rings arranged coaxially are fixedly installed on the lifting frame. A rotating pin is fixedly installed on each of the two damping rings. A vibration sensor arranged in a ring and electrically connected to the data acquisition module is fixedly sleeved on each of the two rotating pins. A bearing is fixedly installed at the center position on each of the two detection wheels. The inner rings of the two bearings are respectively fixedly installed on the outside of the corresponding vibration sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the tilt adjustment assembly includes an adjustment motor, a worm gear, and a worm. The worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the support pin located on the front side, the adjustment motor is fixedly installed on the front side of the housing, and the worm gear meshing with the worm gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the adjustment motor.

[0012] Preferably, a toothed disc is fixedly installed on each of the two turntables, and the two toothed discs mesh with each other.

[0013] Preferably, a shock-absorbing sleeve is fixedly installed on the support pin, and the turntable is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the support pin by the shock-absorbing sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the industrial camera is fixedly mounted with a shock absorber, and the turntable has two card interfaces. The shock absorber is snapped into the corresponding card interfaces and fixed with fastening bolts.

[0015] Preferably, multiple upper sliding rods are fixedly installed on the side of the two support frames that are close to each other, and the multiple upper sliding rods are horizontally slidably connected to the box body.

[0016] Preferably, a sliding rod that is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the box is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the lifting frame.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention, by setting up a support and movement component, enables the device to move and be supported stably on rails of different widths. The dual-axis motor drives the lead screw to rotate, which can adjust the distance between the two support frames. With the guidance of the sliding rod, the support stability is ensured during adjustment. The lifting frame, driven by the electric cylinder, moves up and down along the guide opening and the sliding rod. It can control whether the detection wheel contacts the rail as needed. When the detection wheel rolls on the rail, the vibration sensor in the vibration monitoring component can monitor the change in the vibration frequency of the rail in real time, thereby providing data support for fastener loosening detection.

[0018] The industrial camera is mounted on the bottom of the housing via a turntable and support pins. With the tilt adjustment component, its shooting tilt angle can be adjusted. At the same time, the meshing setting of the gear plate allows the two turntables to deflect synchronously in opposite directions, ensuring the coordination of the shooting angles of the front and rear cameras. The shock-absorbing sleeve and shock-absorbing seat can effectively reduce the interference of vibration on the camera, making it easier to clearly capture the status of the fasteners.

[0019] The system collects data from vibration sensors and images from industrial cameras via a data acquisition module, and then transmits the data to an external terminal via a wireless transceiver module. This enables comprehensive detection and analysis of track fastener loosening. The system features a reasonable overall structure, convenient operation, high detection efficiency, and strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a railway track fastener loosening detection device proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Front view structural diagram; Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a localized explosion; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turntable, support pin, shock absorber sleeve, gear plate, industrial camera, shock absorber seat and tilt adjustment component proposed in this utility model; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial three-dimensional structural diagram.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Support shaft; 12. Wheel; 121. Sliding sleeve; 2. Support frame; 21. Dual-axis motor; 22. Lead screw; 23. Upper sliding rod; 3. Lifting frame; 301. Electric cylinder; 302. Lower sliding rod; 31. Detection wheel; 311. Shock absorber ring; 312. Rotating pin; 313. Vibration sensor; 314. Bearing; 4. Turntable; 41. Support pin; 411. Shock absorber sleeve; 42. Worm gear; 43. Adjusting motor; 44. Worm; 45. Gear plate; 5. Industrial camera; 6. Data acquisition module; 7. Wireless transceiver module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0024] Reference Figure 1-8 A railway track fastener loosening detection device includes a housing 1, two detection wheels 31, a lifting frame 3, an electric cylinder 301, two support pins 41, four industrial cameras 5, two turntables 4, a data acquisition module 6, and a wireless transceiver module 7. Both the data acquisition module 6 and the wireless transceiver module 7 are housed inside the housing 1. Two support shafts 11 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the housing 1. Sliding sleeves 121 are axially slidably mounted on the ends of the two support shafts 11. The same support frame 2, which is slidably connected to the housing 1, is rotatably mounted on the two sliding sleeves 121 on the same side of the housing 1. Wheels 12 are fixedly mounted on the four sliding sleeves 121. The housing 1 is provided with a drive unit connected to the left support shaft 11, which can provide support and movement for the housing 1. The drive unit includes a drive motor and a differential. The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom inner wall of the housing 1. The left support shaft 11 is set in a split manner and the same differential is set at the end that is close to each other. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the differential. A dual-axis motor 21 electrically connected to an external controller is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the housing 1. A lead screw 22 is axially fixedly connected to each of the two output shafts of the dual-axis motor 21. The two lead screws 22 extend to the front and rear sides of the housing 1 respectively and are threadedly connected to the corresponding support frame 2. The threads of the two lead screws 22 are opposite, and the distance between the two support frames 2 can be adjusted as needed, so that the device can adapt well to traveling on rails of different widths. The housing 1 has two guide openings. The lifting frame 3 is slidably installed in the two guide openings and is vertically slidably connected to the two support frames 2. This ensures that the distance between the two detection wheels 31 is adjusted synchronously when the distance between the wheels 12 is adjusted. Two shock-absorbing rings 311 are fixedly installed on the lifting frame 3. Rotating pins 312 are fixedly installed on each of the two shock-absorbing rings 311. Vibration sensors 313, which are arranged in a ring and electrically connected to the data acquisition module 6, are fixedly sleeved on each of the two rotating pins 312. Bearings 314 are fixedly installed in the center of each of the two detection wheels 31. The inner rings of the two bearings 314 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the corresponding vibration sensors 313. This enables the monitoring of the vibration frequency change of the rail when the detection wheels 31 roll on the rail, thereby assisting in monitoring whether the rail fasteners are loose. The lifting frame 3 is designed to be extendable in the front and rear, and consists of two parallel strip plates and a horizontally positioned lifting plate. Both strip plates have rectangular openings, and both strip plates are slidably connected to the lifting plate through the rectangular openings. The electric cylinder 301 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the housing 1, and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lifting frame 3, which facilitates the lifting frame 3 to lift and lower, thereby enabling the detection wheel 31 to maintain a rolling connection with the rail as needed. The bottom of the housing 1 has a strip-shaped opening, in which two parallel support pins 41 are rotatably installed. Two turntables 4 are fixedly installed on the corresponding support pins 41. Four industrial cameras 5 are detachably installed on the corresponding turntables 4 and electrically connected to the data acquisition module 6. A worm gear 42 is fixedly sleeved on the support pin 41 on the front side. An adjustment motor 43 is fixedly installed on the front side of the housing 1. A worm 44 that meshes with the worm gear 42 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the adjustment motor 43. The shooting angle of the industrial cameras 5 on the front turntable 4 can be adjusted as needed. In order to make the two turntables 4 rotate synchronously in opposite directions based on the corresponding support pins 41, so as to realize the synchronous reverse adjustment of the tilt angle of the two industrial cameras 5 located below the housing 1, a gear 45 is fixedly installed on each of the two turntables 4. The two gear 45 mesh with each other.

[0025] In this embodiment, in order to filter out the interference of vibration during the movement of the housing 1 on the industrial camera 5 to a certain extent, facilitate the installation and disassembly of the industrial camera 5, and ensure the stability of the industrial camera 5 in the working state, a shock-absorbing sleeve 411 is fixedly installed on the support pin 41. The turntable 4 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the support pin 41 through the shock-absorbing sleeve 411. A shock-absorbing seat is fixedly installed on the industrial camera 5. Two card interfaces are opened on the turntable 4. The shock-absorbing seat is snapped into the corresponding card interface and fixed by fastening bolts.

[0026] In this embodiment, in order to provide stable guidance for the support frame 2 and thus maintain good stability when adjusting the spacing, and to provide stable guidance for the lifting frame 3 in conjunction with the guide port, multiple upper sliding rods 23 are fixedly installed on the side of the two support frames 2 that are close to each other. The multiple upper sliding rods 23 are all horizontally slidably connected to the box body 1. A lower sliding rod 302 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the lifting frame 3 and is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the box body 1.

[0027] The circuits, electronic components, and module mechanisms involved all employ existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need no further explanation. The content protected by this application does not involve any improvement to the software, circuits, or methods.

[0028] For determining whether a fastener is loose: when the frequency of the signal collected by the vibration sensor 313 deviates from the "standard fastener vibration baseline" (e.g., 100Hz under normal conditions, 80Hz after loosening), and the image from the industrial camera 5 shows that the fastener offset is >1mm, it is determined to be loose.

[0029] Signal processing: The data acquisition module 6 (with built-in MCU chip) is installed in the housing 1 and is connected to the industrial camera 5 and vibration sensor 313 via a ribbon cable to achieve real-time acquisition of "image data + vibration signal" and transmit it to the terminal (or store it on the local SD card) via the wireless module 7 (such as 4G).

[0030] Wheel 11 is a special wheel for railway tracks, designed to ensure that the device can move effectively on the railway tracks.

[0031] In addition, in order to provide shielding protection for the industrial camera 5 and avoid interfering with its normal operation, a protective cover is fixedly installed on the shock-absorbing base. The industrial camera 5 is located inside the protective cover, which has a dustproof and waterproof effect of IP67. An "automatic scraper" (i.e., driven by a micro motor to remove dust from the lens surface) is provided at the front of the protective cover.

[0032] Working principle: When in use, first connect the power supply and start the dual-axis motor 21 through the external controller according to the actual width of the rail. The dual-axis motor 21 drives the two lead screws 22 to rotate. Since the threads of the two lead screws 22 are opposite, they will drive the front and rear support frames 2 to move closer or further away from each other along the guide direction of the upper slide rod 23, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 121 to slide axially on the support shaft 11, realizing the adjustment of the distance between the wheel bodies 12, so that the wheel bodies 12 can adapt to the current width of the rail. The dual-axis motor 21 should preferably be a motor with braking function, such as a servo motor or brake motor.

[0033] Next, the drive motor in the drive unit is started. The drive motor drives the left support shaft 11 to rotate through the differential. The support shaft 11 drives the wheel 12 to rotate through the sliding sleeve 121, thereby moving the entire device on the rail. During the movement, according to the detection requirements, the extension and retraction of the electric cylinder 301 is controlled to control the detection wheel 31 to contact the rail and roll with the device. At this time, the vibration sensor 313 will monitor the change in the vibration frequency of the rail when the detection wheel 31 rolls in real time and transmit the data to the data acquisition module 6. At the same time, the adjustment motor 43 is started, which drives the worm gear 44 to rotate. The worm gear 44 and the worm wheel 42 The meshing of the gears causes the front support pin 41 to rotate. The front support pin 41, through the meshing action of the gear plate 45, causes the rear support pin 41 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction. This causes the two turntables 4 to adjust the industrial camera 5 to a suitable shooting angle. As the industrial camera 5 moves with the housing 1, it continuously captures images of the rail fasteners and transmits the image information to the data acquisition module 6. The data acquisition module 6 integrates and processes the collected vibration data and image information, and then transmits the data to an external terminal through the wireless transceiver module 7. The external terminal analyzes the data to determine whether the rail fasteners are loose.

[0034] The above provides a detailed description of a railway track fastener loosening detection device provided by this utility model. Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A railway track fastener loosening detection device, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a support and movement assembly, a spacing adjustment assembly, two detection wheels (31), a lifting frame (3), an electric cylinder (301), two support pins (41), four industrial cameras (5), two turntables (4), a tilt adjustment assembly, a data acquisition module (6), and a wireless transceiver module (7); The supporting and moving assembly is disposed on the housing (1) and is used for supporting and moving the housing (1); The supporting moving component is provided with two support frames (2), both of which are slidably connected to the box body (1); The spacing adjustment component is set on two support frames (2) and is used to adjust the spacing between the two support frames (2) and the box (1); The housing (1) has two guide openings. The lifting frame (3) is slidably installed in the two guide openings and is vertically slidably connected to the two support frames (2). Both detection wheels (31) are equipped with vibration monitoring components, and both detection wheels (31) are rotatably installed on the lifting frame (3) through the vibration monitoring components. The electric cylinder (301) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the housing (1), and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the lifting frame (3). The bottom of the box (1) is provided with a strip opening, and two support pins (41) arranged in parallel to each other are rotatably installed in the strip opening. Two turntables (4) are fixedly installed on the corresponding support pins (41) respectively. Four industrial cameras (5) are detachably installed on the corresponding turntables (4). The tilt adjustment component is set on the box (1) and connected to one of the support pins (41). The data acquisition module (6) and the wireless transceiver module (7) are both located inside the housing (1), and the data acquisition module (6) is electrically connected to four industrial cameras (5) and a vibration monitoring component.

2. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting moving assembly includes two support shafts (11), four wheels (12) and two sliding sleeves (121). Two support shafts (11) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the housing (1). Sliding sleeves (121) are axially slidably mounted on the ends of the two support shafts (11). Wheels (12) are fixedly mounted on the four sliding sleeves (121). The four sliding sleeves (121) are rotatably mounted on the corresponding support frame (2). The housing (1) is provided with a drive unit connected to the left support shaft (11).

3. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment assembly includes a dual-axis motor (21) and two lead screws (22). The dual-axis motor (21) is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the housing (1) and electrically connected to an external controller. Lead screws (22) are axially fixedly connected to the two output shafts of the dual-axis motor (21). The two lead screws (22) extend to the front and rear sides of the housing (1) respectively and are threadedly connected to the corresponding support frame (2). The thread directions of the two lead screws (22) are opposite.

4. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration monitoring assembly includes two rotating pins (312), two bearings (314), two damping rings (311), and two vibration sensors (313). Two damping rings (311) are fixedly installed on the lifting frame (3) in a coaxial arrangement. Two rotating pins (312) are fixedly installed on each of the two damping rings (311). Vibration sensors (313) that are arranged in a ring and electrically connected to the data acquisition module (6) are fixedly sleeved on each of the two rotating pins (312). Bearings (314) are fixedly installed in the center of each of the two detection wheels (31). The inner rings of the two bearings (314) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the corresponding vibration sensors (313).

5. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt adjustment assembly includes an adjustment motor (43), a worm gear (42) and a worm (44). The worm gear (42) is fixedly sleeved on the support pin (41) located on the front side. The adjustment motor (43) is fixedly installed on the front side of the housing (1). The worm (44) that meshes with the worm gear (42) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the adjustment motor (43).

6. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two toothed discs (45) are fixedly installed on each of the two turntables (4), and the two toothed discs (45) mesh with each other.

7. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing sleeve (411) is fixedly installed on the support pin (41), and the turntable (4) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the support pin (41) through the shock-absorbing sleeve (411).

8. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial camera (5) is fixedly mounted with a shock absorber. The turntable (4) has two card interfaces. The shock absorber is snapped into the corresponding card interface and fixed by fastening bolts.

9. The railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple upper sliding rods (23) are fixedly installed on the side of the two support frames (2) that are close to each other. The multiple upper sliding rods (23) are all horizontal and slidably connected to the box body (1).

10. A railway track fastener loosening detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom side of the lifting frame (3) is fixedly installed with a sliding rod (302) that is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the box (1).

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