Noise-reducing floor and rail vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of noise reduction floor and railway vehicle, it is related to railway vehicle technical field, the noise reduction floor includes: bottom plate, first cavity is arranged on bottom plate;Upper floor, upper floor is set to the top of bottom plate, second cavity is arranged on upper floor, first cavity and second cavity are communicated;Wherein, air inlet is arranged on bottom plate, first cavity is communicated with outside via air inlet, so as to not need to increase additional sound insulation equipment, can be directly multistage resonator by first cavity and second cavity, effectively reduce the driving noise of railway vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and more particularly to a noise-reducing floor and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Noise remains a core challenge affecting passenger comfort and equipment stability during the operation of rail vehicles (such as subways, high-speed trains, and light rail). During operation, noise primarily originates from wheel-rail rolling friction, motor vibration, aerodynamic effects, and vehicle structure resonance. These noises are characterized by a wide frequency range, high intensity, and long duration, with low-frequency noise (such as wheel-rail rolling noise and first- or second-order motor vibration noise) and mid- to high-frequency noise (such as aerodynamic noise and vehicle structure resonance noise) being particularly significant.

[0003] Traditional sound insulation and noise reduction solutions often require the addition of extra sound insulation equipment to the vehicle, which not only takes up extra interior space but may also increase structural weight. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a noise-reducing floor and a rail vehicle to solve the problem that existing rail vehicles require additional sound insulation equipment, which not only occupies additional interior space but may also increase structural weight.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a noise-reducing floor, comprising:

[0006] A base plate, wherein the base plate is provided with a first cavity;

[0007] The upper floor is located above the base plate and has a second cavity that communicates with the first cavity.

[0008] The base plate is provided with an air inlet, and the first cavity is connected to the outside through the air inlet.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first cavity is provided in multiple ways, and at least a portion of the top walls of the first cavity are provided with first connection holes.

[0010] The second cavity is provided in multiple ways, and at least a portion of the second cavities are provided with a second connecting hole at the bottom, and the multiple first connecting holes are connected to the multiple second connecting holes one by one;

[0011] The air inlet is provided in multiple ways, and the first cavity with the first connecting hole is connected to the outside through at least one of the air inlets.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the plurality of first cavities include a plurality of first sub-cavities and a plurality of second sub-cavities, the top wall of the first sub-cavities is provided with the first connecting hole, and at least a portion of the second sub-cavities are in communication with adjacent first sub-cavities.

[0013] In one possible implementation, at least two of the plurality of first cavities have different volumes.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a flexible partition layer is further included, which is located between the bottom plate and the upper floor. The flexible partition layer is provided with a plurality of third connection holes, which are respectively connected to the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the flexible partition layer is made of sound-absorbing cotton.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a sound-absorbing cotton layer is provided above the upper floor.

[0017] In one possible implementation, a sound-insulating pad or floor covering is provided above the upper floor, or floor covering and a sound-insulating pad are provided sequentially from top to bottom above the upper floor.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the upper floor is a honeycomb floor, and the second cavity is the internal hollow region of the honeycomb core in the honeycomb floor.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a rail vehicle including the noise-reducing floor described in any of the first aspects.

[0020] In the noise reduction floor and rail vehicle provided in this application embodiment, the noise reduction floor consists of a base plate and an upper floor. The base plate has a first cavity, and the upper floor is fixed above the base plate and has a second cavity. The first cavity and the second cavity are connected. At the same time, the base plate has multiple air inlets, and the first cavity is connected to the outside through the air inlets. This allows the connected first and second cavities to receive external noise through the air inlets, forming a multi-stage Helmholtz resonator to specifically eliminate noise in the corresponding frequency band. Therefore, there is no need to install additional sound insulation equipment on the vehicle, which can effectively reduce the vehicle's running noise, ensuring the vehicle's interior space without causing excessive weight. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0022] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the rail vehicle provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A top view of the noise-reducing floor provided for this application;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 BB cross-section diagram in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 A perspective view of the noise-reducing floor provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the noise reduction path for the rail vehicle provided in this application.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100-Noise-reducing floor, 110-Base plate, 111-First cavity, 1111-First sub-cavity, 1112-Second sub-cavity, 112-Lower plate, 1121-Air inlet, 113-Upper plate, 1131-First connecting hole, 114-Rib plate, 1141-Fourth connecting hole, 120-Upper floor, 121-Second cavity, 122-Second connecting hole, 130-Flexible partition layer, 131-Third connecting hole, 140-Sound insulation pad, 150-Flooring.

[0029] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0031] In related technologies, sound insulation and noise reduction solutions for rail vehicle floors mainly rely on multi-layered material stacking and passive noise reduction structures. For example, by adding damping patches, sound-absorbing cotton, and micro-perforated plates to the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum profiles of the vehicle body, a multi-layered composite structure is formed to absorb or reflect noise in different frequency bands. Some solutions further introduce second-order resonators (such as a combination of corrugated plates and a second cavity), and by adjusting the volume and micropore parameters of the second cavity, absorption of noise at specific frequencies can be achieved. However, such solutions have significant drawbacks:

[0032] Complex structure and high weight: The introduction of multi-layered materials and independent resonant cavities significantly increases the thickness and weight of the floor, which contradicts the lightweight design requirements of rail vehicles.

[0033] Large space occupation: Independent sound insulation equipment (such as mufflers) needs to be installed separately, which takes up interior space and limits passenger comfort and equipment layout flexibility.

[0034] Insufficient suppression of resonance peaks: Traditional single-cavity or second-order resonators are prone to excessive amplification of resonance peaks (i.e., "peak effect"), which leads to increased noise at specific frequencies.

[0035] Starting from the contradiction between the wide range of noise frequencies in rail vehicles and the urgent need for lightweight structures, the inventors addressed the problem of increased weight caused by the stacking of multiple materials in traditional solutions by introducing an upper floor structure. At least a portion of the second cavity on the upper floor is connected to at least a portion of the first cavity on the bottom plate, and air inlets are provided on the bottom plate to connect to the outside, forming a multi-stage Helmholtz resonator. Finally, by directly integrating the resonator between the car body profile and the honeycomb floor, the independent sound insulation equipment is eliminated, achieving structural compactness and improved space utilization.

[0036] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 2 A top view of the noise-reducing floor provided for this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 BB cross-section view in the middle; Figure 4 A perspective view of the noise-reducing floor provided in this application.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application provides a noise reduction floor 100, which is mainly used in rail vehicles such as subways, high-speed trains, and light rails.

[0039] The noise-reducing floor 100 includes a base plate 110 and an upper floor 120. The base plate 110 is the supporting layer at the bottom of the noise-reducing floor 100, forming a skeleton structure to support other structures of the noise-reducing floor 100, such as vehicle body profiles. It is usually made of metal or composite materials and has strong support capabilities. A first cavity 111 is provided on the base plate 110. The first cavity 111 can be of any shape, such as square, trapezoidal, triangular, etc., and different shapes can be mixed to form first cavities 111 of different volumes to adapt to different noise reduction needs.

[0040] The upper floor 120 is fixed above the base plate 110. It can be directly fixed to the base plate 110 by common methods such as bonding, welding, and screwing, or it can be indirectly connected to the base plate 110 through other components. As long as the upper floor 120 does not shift relative to the base plate 110 during use, it is acceptable.

[0041] A second cavity 121 is provided on the upper floor 120, and the first cavity 111 is connected to the second cavity 121.

[0042] The base plate 110 is also provided with an air inlet 1121. The first cavity 111 is connected to the outside through the air inlet 1121, and the internal and external air pressure balance of the corresponding first cavity 111 and second cavity 121 can be adjusted.

[0043] This allows the connected first cavity 111 and second cavity 121 to form a multi-stage Helmholtz resonator, effectively reducing the noise of rail vehicles without the need for additional sound insulation equipment.

[0044] For the specific connection method between the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 121, for example, both the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 1221 are provided with multiple second connecting holes 122 on the upper floor 120, which are connected to the bottom of at least a portion of the second cavity 121. The bottom plate 110 is provided with multiple first connecting holes 1131. The top of at least a portion of the first cavity 111 is connected to the first connecting hole 1131, and the second connecting holes 122 are connected to the first connecting holes 1131 one by one, so that the corresponding first cavity 111 and second cavity 121 can be connected through the channel formed by the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122.

[0045] The base plate 110 is also provided with multiple air inlets 1121, and the first cavity 111, which is provided with a first connection hole 1131, is connected to the outside through at least one air inlet 1121.

[0046] It is understood that the first connecting hole 1131, the second connecting hole 122 and the air inlet 1121 can all be of any shape, such as a circular hole, a rectangular hole, an elliptical hole or other polygonal holes.

[0047] During the use of the noise-reducing floor 100, a multi-stage Helmholtz resonator can be formed for noise reduction. The Helmholtz resonator can be regarded as a vibrating system consisting of a cavity and a short tube. When sound waves are transmitted to the resonator, the pressure of the sound waves causes the air in the small hole inside the short tube to reciprocate like a piston. The moving air has a certain mass, which makes it resist the change in motion state caused by the sound waves due to inertia.

[0048] At the same time, when sound waves enter the small hole, some of the sound energy is also lost in the form of heat due to friction and damping on its inner wall.

[0049] In addition, the air column causes repeated changes in the gas pressure inside the cavity during its movement, and the excess pressure in the cavity, in turn, has a counteracting effect on the movement of the air column. Thus, the gas inside the second cavity 121 is equivalent to an air spring, thereby forming a spring oscillator system.

[0050] When the frequency of an external sound wave matches the inherent vibration frequency of the vibrating system, a strong resonance occurs. At the resonance frequency, the resonator efficiently absorbs or radiates sound energy.

[0051] The resonant frequency of the Holtz resonator The calculation formula is:

[0052]

[0053] 1 is the resonant frequency, measured in Hertz (Hz); c is the speed of sound, typically taken as 343 m / s in air at room temperature (approximately 20°C); π is pi, approximately 3.1416; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the aperture, measured in plane meters (m²). For small circular holes, (r is the radius of the orifice cross-section); V is the volume of the cavity, in cubic meters (m³). 3 ); The effective length of the pinhole is expressed in meters (m).

[0054] Observation Formula The following conclusions can be drawn:

[0055] The larger the volume (V) of the cavity, the lower the resonant frequency (the deeper the sound). It's like a large empty bottle; blowing into it produces a very deep sound. The larger the area (A) of the aperture, the higher the resonant frequency.

[0056] Effective length of the small hole ( The longer the tube, the lower the resonant frequency. Just like a very long tube, the sound is deep when you blow on it.

[0057] Multiple first cavities 111 mounted on the base plate 110 are connected to the second connecting holes 122 at the bottom of the second cavity 121 of the upper floor 120 via first connecting holes 1131, forming a multi-cavity resonator that can reduce noise based on the principle of a Helmholtz resonator. The air inlet 1121 of the base plate 110 provides an airflow channel between the first cavities 111 and the outside environment, ensuring the normal operation of the resonator. When sound waves are incident on the floor, they enter the first cavity 111 through the air inlet 1121 of the base plate 110 and are transmitted to the second cavity 121 of the upper floor 120 via the first connecting holes 1131 and the second connecting holes 122. The volume, size, and position of the connecting holes of the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 121 together determine the resonant frequency, enabling the multi-cavity resonator to eliminate noise in different frequency bands (such as low-frequency wheel-rail rolling noise and mid-to-high frequency motor order noise). For example, the first cavity 111 can target low-frequency noise of 100Hz-300Hz, and the second cavity 121 can target mid-to-low frequency noise of 300Hz-800Hz, forming a stepped noise reduction. The flow of gas between the first cavity 111, the second cavity 121, the first connecting hole 1131, and the second connecting hole 122 generates a damping effect, suppressing the resonance peak. At the same time, the hierarchical design of the multi-cavity resonator expands the noise reduction frequency band coverage.

[0058] Specifically, the first cavity 111 of the base plate 110 and the second cavity 121 of the upper floor 120 form a multi-cavity resonator through the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122. Its working principle is based on the propagation characteristics of sound waves between the cavities and the connecting holes. When sound waves enter the first cavity 111, the gas reciprocates within the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122, creating a piston-like inertial effect. The compression and expansion of the gas inside the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 121 generate a reaction force, forming a spring oscillator system. By adjusting the volume of the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 121, and the length and diameter of the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122, the target noise frequency (such as low-frequency noise from wheel rails, and first to third-order noise from motors) can be precisely matched. The synergistic effect of multiple first cavities 111 results in a stepped distribution of the resonant frequency, covering a wider frequency band.

[0059] Furthermore, the damping effect of gas flow suppresses the resonance peak at the target frequency in traditional single-cavity resonators, preventing local noise amplification. This technique significantly improves the ability to eliminate broadband noise through hierarchical resonance frequency distribution and damping effect, while maintaining structural stability and space utilization, solving the problems of insufficient mid-band coverage and difficulty in suppressing resonance peaks in traditional solutions.

[0060] In addition, opening the first cavity 111 directly on the floor 110 and the second cavity 121 on the upper floor 120 can effectively reduce noise without the need for additional sound insulation equipment, which helps to maximize the usable space inside the vehicle and reduce the overall weight of the vehicle.

[0061] Further, please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the first cavity 111 includes a plurality of first sub-cavities 1111 and second sub-cavities 1112. The top of the first sub-cavities 1111 is provided with a first connecting hole 1131, and at least a portion of the second sub-cavities 1112 are in communication with the adjacent first sub-cavities 1111.

[0062] For example, external sound waves enter the second sub-cavity 1112, which is connected to the first sub-cavity 1111, through the air inlet 1121. After noise reduction in the second sub-cavity 1112, they enter the first sub-cavity 1111, and after noise reduction in the first sub-cavity 1111, they enter the second cavity 121, which is connected to the first sub-cavity 1111, for further noise reduction, thereby forming a multi-cavity resonator.

[0063] The air inlet 1121 can be directly set on the bottom wall of a second sub-cavity 1112. After the second sub-cavity 1112 is connected to one or more adjacent second sub-cavities 1112 in sequence, the last second sub-cavity 1112 is connected to a first sub-cavity 1111 adjacent to it. The first sub-cavity 1111 is then connected to the corresponding second cavity 121 through the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122.

[0064] In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of first cavities 111 have different volumes.

[0065] The first cavity 111 with different volumes has its resonant frequency matched to the target noise frequency by adjusting its volume parameters. For example, the larger first sub-cavity 1111 responds to low-frequency noise, while the smaller second sub-cavity 1112 responds to mid-to-high-frequency noise. The size and position of the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122 between the base plate 110 and the upper floor 120 further adjust the resonant frequency distribution to ensure that the multi-cavity resonator covers a wide frequency range, including wheel-rail rolling noise and first- to third-order motor noise.

[0066] Specifically, the volumes of the first sub-cavity 1111 and the second sub-cavity 1112 connected to it can be different. When the first sub-cavity 1111 is connected to multiple second sub-cavities 1112, the multiple second sub-cavities 1112 can have at least partially different volumes, so that the formed resonator can correspond to noise in multiple different frequency bands.

[0067] Furthermore, for a multi-stage resonator, the volumes of the first sub-cavity 1111, multiple second sub-cavities 1112, and second cavity 121 can be different or partially the same, thereby forming a multi-stage vibration isolator for noise reduction in various different frequency bands, effectively improving the noise reduction floor 100's ability to eliminate broadband noise.

[0068] In some embodiments, the base plate 110 includes an upper plate 113, a lower plate 112, and a plurality of stiffeners 114. The upper plate 113 and the lower plate 112 are arranged opposite each other in an upper-lower relationship. The stiffeners 114 are located between the upper plate 113 and the lower plate 112. The top and bottom of the stiffeners 114 are connected to the upper plate 113 and the lower plate 112, respectively, thereby cooperating with the upper plate 113 and the lower plate 112 to form a plurality of first cavities 111.

[0069] An air inlet 1121 is provided on the lower plate 112, a first connecting hole 1131 is provided on the upper plate 113, and a fourth connecting hole 1141 can be provided on the rib plate 114. The first sub-cavity 1111 and the second sub-cavity 1112 are connected by the fourth connecting hole 1141, or the two second sub-cavities 1112 are connected by the fourth connecting hole 1141.

[0070] The upper floor 120 is located above the upper plate 113. The upper floor 120 and the upper plate 113 are connected by common methods such as bonding and screwing (the upper plate 113 is a thickened area of ​​the upper plate 113, such as a reinforcing rib added to increase strength).

[0071] The connection methods between the first sub-cavity 1111 and the second sub-cavity 1112 include at least the following two:

[0072] For example, the first sub-cavity 1111 and the second sub-cavity 1112 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the upper plate 113. Each second sub-cavity 1112 has at least one air inlet 1121 at its bottom and a fourth connecting hole 1141 on its side wall, through which it communicates with an adjacent first sub-cavity 1111. Some of the first sub-cavities 1111 also have air inlets 1121 at their bottom.

[0073] There are two types of resonators formed. The first type is, such as... Figure 3 As shown by the dashed arrow, the sound wave enters the second sub-cavity 1112 through the air inlet 1121, then enters the first sub-cavity 1111 through the corresponding fourth connecting hole 1141, and finally enters the corresponding second cavity 121 through the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122. The second method, as... Figure 3As shown by the solid arrow in the diagram, the sound wave enters the first sub-cavity 1111 through the air inlet 1121, and then enters the second cavity 121 through the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122.

[0074] For example, n second sub-cavities 1112 are provided between adjacent first sub-cavities 1111, where n is greater than or equal to 0.

[0075] For example, three second sub-cavities 1112 are arranged between two first sub-cavities 1111. The first sub-cavity 1111 on one side is denoted as cavity A, and the first sub-cavity 1111 on the other side is denoted as cavity B. The bottom of the second sub-cavity 1112 near cavity A is provided with an air inlet 1121. The walls of the remaining two second sub-cavities 1112 are not provided with air inlets 1121. Adjacent second sub-cavities 1112 are connected through a fourth connecting hole 1141. The second sub-cavity 1112 near cavity B is connected to cavity B through the fourth connecting hole 1141. Thus, sound waves enter the second sub-cavity 1112 near cavity A from the air inlet 1121, then pass through the remaining two second sub-cavities 1112 in sequence, and then enter cavity B through the fourth connecting hole 1141. Finally, they enter the corresponding second cavity 121 through the first connecting hole 1131 and the second connecting hole 122, forming a multi-stage resonator.

[0076] At this time, the resonator can reduce noise for different frequency bands and improve its noise coverage range by adjusting the apertures of the first sub-cavity 1111, the second sub-cavity 1112, the second cavity 121, the first connecting hole 1131, the second connecting hole 122 and the fourth connecting hole 1141.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first cavity 111 may be configured as trapezoidal and / or triangular.

[0078] The tilt angle and position of the stiffener 114 can be adjusted to change the shape of the first cavity 111, so as to maximize the use of the space between the upper plate 113 and the lower plate 112 and adapt it to the noise reduction of the usage scenario.

[0079] The first cavity 111 is designed as a trapezoid and / or triangle, which not only makes effective use of space but also enhances the strength of the base plate 110.

[0080] It is understandable that the first cavity 111 can also be set as a rectangle or other shapes, which can be adjusted according to the shape and position of the stiffener 114.

[0081] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the noise-reducing floor 100 also includes a flexible partition layer 130, which is located between the base plate 110 and the upper floor 120. The flexible partition layer 130 is provided with a plurality of third connection holes 131, which are respectively connected to a plurality of first connection holes 1131 and second connection holes 122. The flexible partition layer 130 can avoid the rigid connection between the upper floor 120 and the base plate 110, thereby reducing the rigid transmission path and the vibration transmission path, and thus reducing vibration coupling.

[0082] Specifically, the flexible partition layer 130 is an elastic material layer located between the base plate 110 and the upper floor 120, such as a rubber gasket or a silicone film layer.

[0083] The flexible partition layer 130 connects the first connection hole 1131 on the base plate 110 and the second connection hole 122 on the upper floor 120 through the third connection hole 131, allowing gas flow to maintain the resonance effect while blocking the rigid connection path through its elastic properties. When sound waves are transmitted through the connection hole, the flexible partition layer 130 absorbs part of the vibration energy, reducing the transmission of sound through the sound bridge.

[0084] In other words, the sound bridge transmission path can be blocked by the flexible partition layer 130, further improving noise reduction efficiency. The flexible partition layer 130 reduces the direct transmission of vibration energy through elastic deformation, while maintaining gas flow to support the resonance effect. This design reduces the overall vibration radiation noise of the floor by blocking the sound bridge transmission path, enhancing the synergistic noise reduction effect of the multi-cavity resonators.

[0085] In some embodiments, the flexible partition layer 130 is made of sound-absorbing cotton.

[0086] Sound-absorbing cotton is a porous elastic material, such as polyester fiber cotton or glass fiber cotton, which can be used to absorb mid-to-high frequency noise and block sound bridge transmission.

[0087] As a flexible separating layer 130, sound-absorbing cotton absorbs mid-to-high frequency noise through its porous structure, while simultaneously blocking sound bridge transmission through its elastic properties. The pores of the sound-absorbing cotton allow gas flow to maintain the resonance effect, but some sound energy is converted into heat energy through air friction of the material.

[0088] The flexible partition layer 130 can be bonded to the base plate 110 with pressure-sensitive adhesive, or the flexible partition layer 130 can be fixed to the base plate 110 by using pressure strips or high-temperature resistant cable ties around its perimeter.

[0089] Generally speaking, the flexible partition layer 130 is not completely covered on the entire floor. In the area where the support beam is set on the base plate 110, the flexible partition layer 130 may not be set. Instead, the upper floor 120 is bonded to the support beam area. In this case, the flexible partition layer 130 may not be fixed to the base plate 110. Instead, it may be pressed directly onto the base plate 110 by the upper floor 120.

[0090] It is understandable that the flexible partition layer 130 may not be made of sound-absorbing cotton. In this case, a separate sound-absorbing cotton layer can be set above the upper floor 120 by means of bonding or binding, and the sound-absorbing cotton layer can absorb mid-to-high frequency noise.

[0091] In some embodiments, a sound-insulating pad 140 is fixed above the upper floor 120 by means of adhesive or other methods.

[0092] The sound insulation pad 140 can be made of porous elastic materials such as polyethylene foam and composite materials, and can block low-frequency noise.

[0093] Specifically, the sound insulation pad 140 reduces vibration energy transmission through elastic deformation, while absorbing noise and enhancing the synergistic noise reduction capability of the multi-cavity resonator and material combination.

[0094] In some embodiments, a floor covering 150 is disposed above the sound insulation pad 140.

[0095] The floor covering 150 is located at the top of the entire noise-reducing floor 100. It can enhance the aesthetics of the noise-reducing floor 100 and also help eliminate some low-frequency noise, such as optimizing the last 10-20dB of sound transmission.

[0096] Floor covering 150 is mainly made of wear-resistant and aesthetically pleasing materials, such as PVC plastic mats.

[0097] Understandably, one could also install floor covering 150 directly above the upper floor 120 without installing sound insulation pad 140.

[0098] In addition, when a sound-absorbing cotton layer is installed on the upper floor 120, the sound-absorbing cotton layer, the sound insulation pad 140, and the floor covering 150 can be installed sequentially above the upper floor 120 in a direction away from the upper floor 120.

[0099] In some embodiments, the upper floor 120 is a honeycomb floor, and the second cavity 121 is the internal hollow region of the honeycomb core in the honeycomb floor.

[0100] The honeycomb floor is a multi-layer composite structure consisting of a honeycomb core and upper and lower panels, and its honeycomb core can be the second cavity 121.

[0101] The hollow area inside the honeycomb core of the honeycomb floor directly serves as the second cavity 121 of the upper floor 120, which is connected to the first cavity 111 on the bottom plate 110 through connecting holes. The hexagonal pore structure of the honeycomb core can disperse vibration energy, while the second cavity 121, as a resonant cavity, participates in sound wave resonance and can work together with the first cavity 111 to reduce noise.

[0102] Meanwhile, honeycomb floors can be made of honeycomb aluminum panels and composite materials, reducing their unit area mass by more than 50% compared to solid panels, while maintaining high bending strength, making them suitable for the frequent start-stop and vibration environments of rail vehicles. Furthermore, the porous nature of the honeycomb structure reduces the need for additional openings, simplifies the manufacturing process, and improves structural stability.

[0103] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rail vehicle provided in this application.

[0104] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a rail vehicle, including the noise reduction floor 100 and the vehicle body in the above embodiment, wherein the noise reduction floor 100 is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0105] Please refer to the following during the operation of the rail vehicle: Figure 5 As shown, noise can be controlled along the following path:

[0106] 1. External noise is high-frequency noise reflected from the aluminum body of the rail vehicle;

[0107] 2. The remaining noise enters the Helmholtz resonator through the air inlet 1121, where the resonator specifically eliminates noise at certain frequencies;

[0108] 3. Sound-absorbing cotton absorbs residual mid-to-high frequency noise;

[0109] 4. The honeycomb floor disperses vibration energy, reducing vibration transmission;

[0110] 5. The sound insulation pad 140 further reduces vibration transmission and blocks low-frequency noise;

[0111] 6. Floor covering 150 further blocks noise transmission.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A noise-reducing floor (100), characterized in that, include: A base plate (110) is provided with a first cavity (111); An upper floor (120) is provided above the bottom plate (110), and the upper floor (120) is provided with a second cavity (121) which is connected to the first cavity (111). The base plate (110) is provided with an air inlet (1121), and the first cavity (111) is connected to the outside through the air inlet (1121).

2. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cavity (111) is provided in multiple ways, and at least a portion of the first cavity (111) has a first connecting hole (1131) on its top wall; The second cavity (121) is provided in multiple ways, and at least a portion of the second cavities (121) are provided with second connecting holes (122) at their bottoms. The multiple first connecting holes (1131) are connected to the multiple second connecting holes (122) in a one-to-one correspondence. The air inlet (1121) is provided in multiple ways, and the first cavity (111) provided with the first connecting hole (1131) is connected to the outside through at least one of the air inlets (1121).

3. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of first cavities (111) include a plurality of first sub-cavities (1111) and a plurality of second sub-cavities (1112). The top wall of the first sub-cavity (1111) is provided with the first connecting hole (1131). At least a portion of the second sub-cavities (1112) are in communication with the adjacent first sub-cavities (1111).

4. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, Of the plurality of first cavities (111), at least two first cavities (111) have different volumes.

5. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a flexible partition layer (130) located between the bottom plate (110) and the upper floor (120). The flexible partition layer (130) is provided with a third connecting hole (131) for connecting the first cavity (111) and the second cavity (121).

6. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flexible partition layer (130) is made of sound-absorbing cotton.

7. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, A sound-absorbing cotton layer is provided above the upper floor (120).

8. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sound insulation pad (140) or floor covering (150) is provided above the upper floor (120), or floor covering (150) and sound insulation pad (140) are provided sequentially above the upper floor (120) from top to bottom.

9. The noise-reducing floor (100) according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The upper floor (120) is a honeycomb floor, and the second cavity (121) is the hollow area inside the honeycomb core of the honeycomb floor.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the noise-reducing floor (100) as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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