Electric vehicle and starting device thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an electric vehicle and a starting device thereof, wherein the starting device comprises a microswitch assembly, a power management module and a discharge switch; the microswitch assembly is connected with the power management module; the power management module is connected with a power supply; the control end of the discharge switch is connected with the power management module; the first end of the discharge switch is connected with the power supply; and the second end of the discharge switch is connected with a master control module of the electric vehicle; the microswitch assembly outputs a signal to the power management module when being pressed; the power management module controls the on-off of the discharge switch according to the signal output by the microswitch assembly; and the discharge switch delivers the output voltage of the power supply to the master control module when being turned on, so that the electric vehicle is powered on and started. A user only needs to press the microswitch assembly to realize the starting control of the electric vehicle, and the operation is simple and fast, thereby improving the use convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle equipment technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle and its starting device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology and the continuous progress of society, electric vehicles have become a common means of transportation for people's lives and work, bringing great convenience to daily travel. Traditional electric vehicles require turning on the main battery power switch and then turning on the instrument switch or ignition lock to power on the main controller and start the vehicle. This operation is complicated and has the disadvantage of low convenience. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electric vehicle and its starting device that can improve ease of use in response to the above problems.

[0004] This application provides a starting device for an electric vehicle, including a tactile switch assembly, a power management module, and a discharge switch. The tactile switch assembly is connected to the power management module, the power management module is connected to a power source, the control terminal of the discharge switch is connected to the power management module, a first terminal of the discharge switch is connected to the power source, and a second terminal of the discharge switch is connected to the main control module of the electric vehicle. When the tactile switch assembly is pressed, it outputs a signal to the power management module. The power management module controls the on / off state of the discharge switch according to the signal output by the tactile switch assembly. When the discharge switch is on, it delivers the output voltage of the power source to the main control module, thereby powering on and starting the electric vehicle.

[0005] In one embodiment, the power management module includes a power management chip, a pull-up resistor R1, a coupling resistor R2, and a bypass capacitor C1. The first end of the pull-up resistor R1 is connected to the power management chip. The second end of the pull-up resistor R1 is connected to the tactile switch assembly, the first end of the coupling resistor R2, and the first end of the bypass capacitor C1. The second end of the coupling resistor R2 is connected to the power management chip. The second end of the bypass capacitor C1 is connected to the tactile switch assembly and the power management chip. The power management chip is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch. The first end of the discharge switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the discharge switch is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module and the ignition lock terminal.

[0006] When the discharge switch is in the off state and the tactile switch component is short-pressed, the power management chip controls the discharge switch to turn on; when the discharge switch is in the on state and the tactile switch component is long-pressed, the power management chip controls the discharge switch to turn off.

[0007] In one embodiment, the power management module further includes a current sensing resistor, the first end of which is connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply and the power management chip, and the second end of which is connected to the ground terminal of the main control module and the power management chip.

[0008] In one embodiment, the power management module further includes a temperature detection module connected to the power management chip, which is also connected to the communication terminal of the main control module. The temperature detection module detects the temperature of the power supply, generates a sensing signal, and sends it to the power management chip. When the power management chip determines that the battery temperature has risen based on the sensing signal, it outputs an alarm signal to the main control module.

[0009] In one embodiment, the temperature detection module includes a temperature detection resistor, a lower bias resistor R6, a coupling resistor R7, and a bypass capacitor C2. The first end of the temperature detection resistor is connected to the power management chip, and the second end of the temperature detection resistor is connected to the first end of the lower bias resistor R6 and the first end of the coupling resistor R7. The second end of the lower bias resistor R6 is connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply and the power management chip, and the second end of the coupling resistor R7 is connected to the power management chip. The bypass capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the lower bias resistor R6.

[0010] In one embodiment, the tactile switch assembly includes a tactile switch and an indicator unit, and the power management module is connected to the tactile switch and the indicator unit; the power management module controls the on / off state of the discharge switch according to the signal output by the tactile switch, and provides fault indication or power indication through the indicator unit.

[0011] A second aspect of this application provides an electric vehicle, including a main control module and the aforementioned starting device, wherein the main control module is connected to the second terminal of a discharge switch and a power management module.

[0012] In one embodiment, the electric vehicle also includes an alarm device, and the main control module is connected to the alarm device. After receiving the alarm signal output by the power management module, the main control module controls the alarm device to output alarm information.

[0013] In one embodiment, the electric vehicle further includes a headlight and a taillight, and the main control module is connected to the headlight and the taillight; the power management module sends control commands to the communication terminal of the main control module according to the signal output by the tactile switch assembly, and the main control module controls the headlight and taillight to turn on and off according to the received control commands.

[0014] In one embodiment, the main control module includes a main control chip, driving resistors R3, R4, and R5, power transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4. The main control chip is connected to a power management chip, the first terminal of driving resistors R3, R4, and R5. The second terminal of driving resistor R3 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q2. The first terminal of power transistor Q2 is connected to the headlight and grounded. The second terminal of driving resistor R4 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q4. The first terminal of power transistor Q4 is connected to the alarm device and grounded. The second terminal of driving resistor R5 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q3. The first terminal of power transistor Q3 is connected to the taillight and grounded.

[0015] The aforementioned electric vehicle and its starting device include a tactile switch assembly that outputs a signal to the power management module when pressed. The power management module then controls the opening and closing of the discharge switch based on the signal from the tactile switch assembly. When the discharge switch is on, it delivers the power output voltage to the main control module, enabling the electric vehicle to power on and start. Users can easily control the start of the electric vehicle by simply pressing the tactile switch assembly, making operation simple, quick, and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the starting device of an electric vehicle in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the starting device of an electric vehicle in one embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tactile switch assembly in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0021] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0022] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0023] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a starting device for an electric vehicle is provided, including a tactile switch assembly 110, a power management module 120, and a discharge switch Q1. The tactile switch assembly 110 is connected to the power management module 120, which is connected to a power source. The control terminal of the discharge switch Q1 is connected to the power management module 120, its first terminal is connected to the power source, and its second terminal is connected to the main control module 200 of the electric vehicle. When the tactile switch assembly 110 is pressed, it outputs a signal to the power management module 120. The power management module 120 controls the on / off state of the discharge switch Q1 based on the signal output by the tactile switch assembly 110. When the discharge switch Q1 is on, it supplies the output voltage of the power source to the main control module 200, thereby powering on and starting the electric vehicle. The tactile switch assembly 110 includes a tactile switch and may also include an indicator unit (such as an indicator light) or other devices. The power source consists of several batteries connected in series, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the power supply includes batteries BT1 to BT7 connected in series. The discharge switch Q1 can be a control switch such as a MOSFET or a relay. In this embodiment, the discharge switch Q1 uses a MOSFET, with the gate as the control terminal, the source / drain as the first terminal, and the drain / source as the second terminal.

[0024] Specifically, the power management module 120 includes a power management chip (BMS) U1, a pull-up resistor R1, a coupling resistor R2, and a bypass capacitor C1. The first end of the pull-up resistor R1 is connected to the power management chip U1, and the second end of the pull-up resistor R1 is connected to the tactile switch assembly 110, the first end of the coupling resistor R2, and the first end of the bypass capacitor C1. The second end of the coupling resistor R2 is connected to the power management chip U1, and the second end of the bypass capacitor C1 is connected to the tactile switch assembly 110 and the power management chip U1. The power management chip U1 is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch Q1. The first end of the discharge switch Q1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the discharge switch Q1 is connected to the power supply terminal and the ACC terminal of the main control module 200. When the discharge switch Q1 is in the off state and receives a signal from the tactile switch assembly 110 that is briefly pressed, the power management chip U1 controls the discharge switch Q1 to turn on. When the discharge switch Q1 is in the on state and receives a signal from the tactile switch assembly 110 that is long-pressed, the power management chip U1 controls the discharge switch Q1 to turn off.

[0025] The power management chip U1 is connected to batteries BT1 through BT7 to detect the voltage and other states of each battery. The IO1 pin of the power management chip U1 is connected to the second end of coupling resistor R2, and the IO6 pin is connected to the control terminal of discharge switch Q1. The positive terminal of battery BT7 is connected to the first terminal of discharge switch Q1, and the second terminal of discharge switch Q1 is connected to the power supply terminal and the ignition lock terminal ACC of the main control module 200 via the positive terminal P+. The power management chip U1 outputs a voltage through pull-up resistor R1. Depending on the on / off state of the tactile switch assembly 110, the voltage level transmitted to the IO1 pin of the power management chip U1 via coupling resistor R2 will vary, thus identifying the user's pressing action on the tactile switch assembly 110. The power management chip U1 can also identify whether the tactile switch assembly 110 is pressed for a long or short time based on the length of the signal received at the IO1 pin, thereby controlling the on / off state of discharge switch Q1.

[0026] The power management module 120 also includes a current sensing resistor RESEN. The first terminal of the current sensing resistor RESEN is connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply and the power management chip U1, while the second terminal of the current sensing resistor RESEN is connected to the ground terminal of the main control module 200 and the power management chip U1. Specifically, the first terminal of the current sensing resistor RESEN is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BT1, and the second terminal of the current sensing resistor RESEN is connected to the ground terminal of the main control module 200 through the negative terminal P-. The power management chip U1 can detect the current supplied to the main control module 200 through the current sensing resistor RESEN, realizing current output monitoring. Furthermore, the power management module 120 may also include a boost module connected to the power management chip U1, which boosts the voltage to meet the internal high-voltage power supply requirements of the power management chip U1 or other applications.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tactile switch assembly 110 includes a tactile switch K1 and an indicator unit. A power management module 120 is connected to the tactile switch K1 and the indicator unit. The power management module 120 controls the switching on and off of the discharge switch Q1 based on the signal output by the tactile switch K1, and provides fault indication or power indication through the indicator unit. One end of the tactile switch K1 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R1, the first end of the coupling resistor R2, and the first end of the bypass capacitor C1. The other end of the tactile switch K1 is connected to the second end of the bypass capacitor C1 and the power management chip U1. The indicator unit can be an indicator light, a display, a speaker, or other similar device. In this embodiment, the indicator unit uses an indicator light including a red LED (Red_LED) and a green LED (Green_LED). The indicator light is connected to the power management chip U1 for fault indication or power indication.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, when the positive terminal P+ is in the off state, a short press of the tactile switch K1 pulls the IO1 pin of the power management chip U1 low, the IO6 pin of the power management chip U1 outputs a high level, the discharge switch Q1 is turned on, and the voltage of the series-connected batteries BT1-BT7 is output through the positive terminal P+. When the positive terminal P+ is in the output state, a long press of the tactile switch K1 pulls the IO1 pin of the power management chip U1 low, the IO6 pin of the power management chip U1 outputs a low level, the discharge switch Q1 is turned off, and the series-connected batteries BT1-BT7 have no output through the positive terminal P+.

[0029] Furthermore, the power management module 120 also includes a temperature detection module, which is connected to the power management chip U1. The power management chip U1 is also connected to the communication terminal of the main control module 200. The temperature detection module detects the temperature of the power supply and generates a sensing signal, which is sent to the power management chip U1. When the power management chip U1 determines that the battery temperature has risen based on the sensing signal, it outputs an alarm signal to the main control module 200.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the temperature detection module specifically includes a temperature detection resistor NTC, a lower bias resistor R6, a coupling resistor R7, and a bypass capacitor C2. The first terminal of the temperature detection resistor NTC is connected to the power management chip U1, and the second terminal of the temperature detection resistor NTC is connected to the first terminal of the lower bias resistor R6 and the first terminal of the coupling resistor R7. The second terminal of the lower bias resistor R6 is connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply (specifically, to the negative terminal of the battery BT1), and the second terminal of the coupling resistor R7 is connected to the power management chip U1. The bypass capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the lower bias resistor R6.

[0031] Specifically, the TX and RX pins of the power management chip U1 communicate with the communication terminal of the main control module 200, and the AD1 pin of the power management chip U1 is connected to the second end of the coupling resistor R7. The temperature sensing resistor NTC is positioned close to the power supply. The power management chip U1 outputs a voltage to the temperature sensing resistor NTC, which adjusts its resistance according to the temperature of its location, thus causing different currents detected by the AD1 pin of the power management chip U1. This allows for monitoring of the battery temperature. When the battery temperature rises, an alarm signal is output to the main control module 200. Temperature protection warnings can also be provided via the indicator light in the tactile switch assembly 110. Furthermore, if the battery temperature continues to rise above a set temperature threshold, the power management chip U1 can also control the discharge switch Q1 to turn off, stopping the discharge.

[0032] When indicating faults / power levels, the power level is displayed using a combination of solid green and red indicator lights. A flashing red light indicates a fault in the BMS or main control module 200. Faults at the BMS end can directly control the indicator light display, while faults at the main control module 200 are transmitted to the BMS end via communication, allowing the BMS to control the indicator light display. Specifically, controlling the indicator lights for power display and fault indication includes:

[0033] a: Power indicator: bright green: SOC 60%-100%, bright orange: (red + green) SOC 20%-59%, bright red: SOC 2%-19%, red flashing (3 times per second): SOC 1%.

[0034] b: Fault Indication: Red indicator light, data cycle 1S, high level 0.5S, low level 0.5S, interval 3S. Fault display is as follows: Flash 1: Controller fault. Flash 2: Torque sensor fault. Flash 3: Motor Hall effect fault. Flash 4: Communication fault, controller not receiving battery data. Flash 5: Communication fault, battery not receiving controller data. Flash 6: Battery temperature protection.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, an electric vehicle is also provided, including a main control module 200 and the aforementioned starting device. The main control module 200 is connected to the second terminal of the discharge switch Q1 and the power management module 120. The electric vehicle also includes an alarm device 210, which is connected to the main control module 200. After receiving an alarm signal output from the power management module 120, the main control module 200 controls the alarm device 210 to output alarm information. The alarm device 210 can be an alarm horn, an alarm light, or other devices with alarm functions. In this embodiment, the alarm device 210 is an alarm horn.

[0036] Furthermore, the electric vehicle also includes a headlight 220 and a taillight 230, and the main control module 200 is connected to the headlight 220 and the taillight 230; the power management module 120 sends control commands to the communication terminal of the main control module 200 according to the signal output by the tactile switch assembly 110, and the main control module 200 controls the headlight 220 and the taillight 230 to turn on and off according to the received control commands.

[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The main control module 200 includes a main control chip U2, drive resistors R3, R4, and R5, and power transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4. The main control chip U2 is connected to the power management chip U1, the first end of drive resistors R3, R4, and R5. The second end of drive resistor R3 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q2. The first end of power transistor Q2 is connected to the headlight 220 and is grounded. The second end of drive resistor R4 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q4. The first end of power transistor Q4 is connected to the alarm device 210 and is grounded. The second end of drive resistor R5 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q3. The first end of power transistor Q3 is connected to the taillight 230 and is grounded.

[0038] In this configuration, the RX and TX pins of the main control chip U2 are connected to the TX and RX pins of the power management chip U1, respectively. The IO2 pin of the main control chip U2 is connected to the first terminal of the drive resistor R4, the IO3 pin of the main control chip U2 is connected to the first terminal of the drive resistor R3, and the IO4 pin of the main control chip U2 is connected to the first terminal of the drive resistor R5. Power transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4 can all be power transistors, with the base as the control terminal, the collector as the first terminal, and the emitter as the second terminal. The alarm device 210, headlight 220, and taillight 230 are each connected at one end to the corresponding power transistor and at the other end to the 24V power supply terminal of the main control module 200, operating only after the corresponding power transistor is turned on.

[0039] Specifically, the control of the headlight 220 and taillight 230 is as follows: When the positive terminal P+ is in output state, double-clicking the tactile switch K1 will trigger the action on the IO1 pin of the power management chip U1. After the action is received by the RX pin of the main control chip U2 via the TX and RX pins of the power management chip U1 and processed by the RX pin of the main control chip U2, ① the main control chip U2 outputs a high level to the drive resistor R3 via the IO3 pin, turning on the power transistor Q2 and illuminating the headlight 220. Double-clicking the tactile switch K1 again will trigger the main control chip U2 to output a low level to the drive resistor R3, turning off the power transistor Q2 and illuminating the headlight 220. ② The main control chip U2 outputs a high level to the drive resistor R5 via the IO4 pin, turning on the power transistor Q3 and illuminating the taillight 230. Double-clicking the tactile switch K1 again will trigger the main control chip U2 to output a low level to the drive resistor R5, turning off the power transistor Q3 and illuminating the taillight 230.

[0040] The battery high-temperature alarm control is as follows: When the battery temperature rises, the resistance value of the temperature sensing resistor NTC decreases. The temperature sensing resistor NTC and the lower bias resistor R6 form a voltage divider, causing the voltage of the lower bias resistor R6 to rise. This voltage is coupled to the AD1 pin of the power management chip U1 through the coupling resistor R7. The alarm signal is received by the RX pin of the main control chip U2 via the TX pin and RX pin of the power management chip U1, and transmitted back via the TX pin. The IO2 pin of the main control chip U2 outputs a high level to control the power transistor IO4 to conduct, and the alarm horn sounds. If the battery temperature continues to rise and exceeds the set temperature threshold, the power management chip U1 controls the discharge switch Q1 to turn off, shutting down the positive terminal P+ output and turning off the alarm horn.

[0041] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A starting device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, The device includes a tactile switch assembly, a power management module, and a discharge switch. The tactile switch assembly is connected to the power management module, which is connected to a power source. The control terminal of the discharge switch is connected to the power management module, with its first terminal connected to the power source and its second terminal connected to the main control module of the electric vehicle. When the tactile switch assembly is pressed, it outputs a signal to the power management module. The power management module controls the opening and closing of the discharge switch based on the signal output by the tactile switch assembly. When the discharge switch is on, it delivers the output voltage of the power source to the main control module, enabling the electric vehicle to power on and start.

2. The starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes a power management chip, a pull-up resistor R1, a coupling resistor R2, and a bypass capacitor C1. The first end of the pull-up resistor R1 is connected to the power management chip. The second end of the pull-up resistor R1 is connected to the tactile switch assembly, the first end of the coupling resistor R2, and the first end of the bypass capacitor C1. The second end of the coupling resistor R2 is connected to the power management chip. The second end of the bypass capacitor C1 is connected to the tactile switch assembly and the power management chip. The power management chip is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch. The first end of the discharge switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the power supply, and the second end of the discharge switch is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module and the ignition lock terminal. The power management chip controls the discharge switch to turn on when the discharge switch is in the off state and when it receives a signal from the tactile switch assembly when it is briefly pressed. The power management chip controls the discharge switch to turn off when the discharge switch is in the on state and when it receives a signal output by the tactile switch assembly when it is pressed and held.

3. The starting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power management module also includes a current sensing resistor. The first end of the current sensing resistor is connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply and the power management chip, and the second end of the current sensing resistor is connected to the ground terminal of the main control module and the power management chip.

4. The starting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power management module also includes a temperature detection module, which is connected to the power management chip. The power management chip is also connected to the communication terminal of the main control module. The temperature detection module detects the temperature of the power supply and generates a sensing signal, which is sent to the power management chip. When the power management chip determines that the battery temperature has risen based on the sensing signal, it outputs an alarm signal to the main control module.

5. The starting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature detection module includes a temperature detection resistor, a lower bias resistor R6, a coupling resistor R7, and a bypass capacitor C2. The first end of the temperature detection resistor is connected to the power management chip, and the second end of the temperature detection resistor is connected to the first end of the lower bias resistor R6 and the first end of the coupling resistor R7. The second end of the lower bias resistor R6 is connected to the negative output terminal of the power supply and the power management chip, and the second end of the coupling resistor R7 is connected to the power management chip. The bypass capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the lower bias resistor R6.

6. The starting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The tactile switch assembly includes a tactile switch and an indicator unit. The power management module connects the tactile switch and the indicator unit. The power management module controls the on / off state of the discharge switch based on the signal output by the tactile switch, and provides fault indication or power indication through the indicator unit.

7. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a main control module and a starting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main control module is connected to the second terminal of the discharge switch and the power management module.

8. The electric vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm device, which is connected to the main control module. After receiving the alarm signal output by the power management module, the main control module controls the alarm device to output alarm information.

9. The electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes headlights and taillights, and the main control module is connected to the headlights and taillights; the power management module sends control commands to the communication terminal of the main control module according to the signal output by the tactile switch assembly, and the main control module controls the headlights and taillights to turn on and off according to the received control commands.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The main control module includes a main control chip, drive resistors R3, R4, and R5, power transistors Q2, Q3, and Q4. The main control chip is connected to a power management chip, the first terminal of drive resistors R3, R4, and R5. The second terminal of drive resistor R3 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q2. The first terminal of power transistor Q2 is connected to the headlight and grounded. The second terminal of drive resistor R4 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q4. The first terminal of power transistor Q4 is connected to the alarm device and grounded. The second terminal of drive resistor R5 is connected to the control terminal of power transistor Q3. The first terminal of power transistor Q3 is connected to the taillight and grounded.

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