A cutter suction dredger with W-shaped cross section and high-efficiency sludge discharge system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of mud tanks of rake suction dredger with W-shaped section and high-efficiency sludge discharge system, mud tank section is W-shaped, contain containing cabin and triangle cabin, empty mud door unit and cabin mud door unit are equipped. Empty mud door unit adopts opposite open mud door structure;Cabin mud door unit is connected by cabin elbow pipe, gate valve, branch pipe and cabin main pipe etc., gate valve is controlled opening and closing by hydraulic drive oil cylinder extending to deck, the silt diluted by high-pressure flushing is pumped out to specified area using high-power cabin pump, reduces jam, improves system reliability. With capacity increasing, slope flow guide reinforced fender uses streamline design, reduces space occupation, releases vertical space, realizes full-cabin capacity increasing. High-pressure flushing system is arranged in triangle cabin, and a plurality of nozzles dilute mud in mud door area, first, second, third nozzle and variable diameter pipe, fourth nozzle cooperate, detachable spray head is convenient for maintenance. The utility model reduces silt deposition, reduces failure risk, guarantees mud door normal opening and closing, improves sludge discharge efficiency, ensures dredging operation efficient and continuous, reduces maintenance cost and operation risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mud hopper technology for trailing suction hopper dredgers, and particularly relates to a mud hopper for a trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of marine engineering and dredging operations, trailing suction hopper dredgers are key equipment, and the performance of their hopper structure and sludge discharge system directly determines the vessel's operational efficiency, safety, and economy. With the continuous expansion of marine development, higher requirements are placed on the hopper capacity of trailing suction hopper dredgers, especially when handling large-scale dredging projects. Large-capacity trailing suction hopper dredgers can significantly reduce the number of round trips for sludge unloading and improve overall operational efficiency.

[0003] Currently, most existing trailing suction hopper dredgers use a V-shaped structure for their hopper compartments. This traditional structure has significant limitations in terms of compartment capacity design; for large compartment requirements exceeding 30,000 cubic meters, the only solution is usually to simply increase the geometric dimensions. However, excessive expansion of the geometric dimensions brings a series of serious problems. On the one hand, Significant increase in ship weight This results in a deeper draft for the vessel, which not only limits its operational capabilities in shallow waters but also increases navigational resistance, leading to a significant increase in fuel consumption and operating costs. Furthermore, the larger geometric dimensions negatively impact the vessel's stability and maneuverability, increasing safety risks during navigation and operations.

[0004] To improve the sludge removal efficiency of sludge chambers, the industry has also conducted some technological explorations, such as the one published under CN109056884A. The patented technology discloses a hull extraction system that combines a hull extraction bend and a gate valve. The core structure of this system mainly includes the internal mud tank evacuation pipeline, which involves adding evacuation bends and straight pipes inside the mud tank, along with gate valves to regulate the flow direction of the mud and sand. Each evacuation mud gate unit can operate independently, and the mud and sand are discharged through the main pipe after being collected from the main pipe. This design improves the emptying efficiency of the mud tank to a certain extent, but in practical applications, it has revealed many prominent problems that urgently need to be solved.

[0005] First, the structural stability is severely lacking. In this system, critical components such as hydraulic cylinders, pipelines, and gate valves are directly exposed to the harsh working environment inside the mud tank. The mud tank contains a large amount of silt, which exerts strong impacts and vibrations on the components during ship navigation and operations. Simultaneously, the silt is corrosive, accelerating component aging and damage. Prolonged exposure to such an environment easily leads to loosening of connections between components, deformation of pipelines, and frequent leaks in the hydraulic system, resulting in a persistently high failure rate for the entire mud removal system. This not only affects the normal operation of the ship but also increases maintenance costs and downtime.

[0006] Therefore, developing a trailing suction hopper dredger mud hopper structure and efficient mud discharge system with larger capacity, stable and reliable structure, and easy maintenance is of significant practical importance. Based on this research background, this utility model proposes a trailing suction hopper dredger mud hopper with a W-shaped cross-section and an efficient mud discharge system, aiming to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the operational performance and safety of trailing suction hopper dredgers. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a mud hopper for a trailing suction dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system.

[0008] This utility model is implemented as follows: a mud hopper of a trailing suction dredger with a W-shaped cross section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system. The mud hopper has a W-shaped cross section, including a receiving compartment and a triangular compartment in the middle. At the bottom of the receiving compartment on both sides of the triangular compartment, there are several mud discharge gate units that open in opposite directions along the length of the ship. Each mud gate unit is equipped with a mud removal gate unit. The mud gate unit includes two opposing mud gates located at the bottom of the containment compartment. The two mud gates are connected to a mud gate push rod via a mud gate connecting rod, which extends vertically upward to the mud compartment deck. Above the mud gates, a mud gate pull rod guide seat is provided on the side wall of the containment compartment. The mud gate pull rod is installed between the mud gate cylinder and the mud gate.

[0009] Each of the aforementioned mud gate units includes a mud gate pipe, a mud gate device, a mud branch pipe, and a mud main pipe device. The mud removal gate device includes: a gate valve seat, fixedly installed on the triangular sidewall of the bottom of the W-shaped mud tank; a gate valve; and a mud removal gate rod for driving the gate valve to open or close; the upper end of the mud removal gate rod extends to the mud tank deck, and a mud removal gate cylinder is provided on the mud tank deck for driving the mud removal gate valve; the lower port of the mud removal bend is located above the mud gate, and the upper end of the mud removal bend is connected to the inlet of the gate valve through a flange; the outlet of the gate valve is connected to one end of the mud removal branch pipe through a flange, and the other end of the mud removal branch pipe extends through the triangular sidewall toward the center of the mud tank and is connected to the intermediate mud removal main pipe.

[0010] More preferably, a pod removal system maintenance mechanism is installed on the inner top of the triangular cabin; the maintenance mechanism includes a guide rail installed along the length of the triangular cabin, and a lifting assembly movably installed on the guide rail.

[0011] More preferably, the gate valve seat includes a seat box, and the upper part of the seat box is provided with a guide bracket for the mud gate pull rod, and the mud gate pull rod guide bracket has a corresponding guide seat for the mud gate pull rod.

[0012] More preferably, the guide seat of the mud door pull rod has a split structure.

[0013] More preferably, the upper end of the seat box is provided with a ridge.

[0014] More preferably, the seat box and the side wall of the triangular cabin are sealed and welded together by a ramp-guided reinforced enclosure plate.

[0015] More preferably, the inclination angle of the slope guide reinforced enclosure plate is 35 to 50 degrees.

[0016] More preferably, it also includes a high-pressure flushing system, which is arranged and installed on a triangular chamber inside the mud chamber, with multiple flushing units spaced apart along the length of the mud chamber; each of the flushing units is connected to a main water supply pipe through an inlet branch pipe, and the main water supply pipe is located inside the triangular chamber; Each flushing unit includes: a main flushing pipe, with the inlet end connected to a corresponding water inlet branch pipe, and multiple first nozzles provided on both sides along the length direction of the main flushing pipe, with the spray direction parallel to the adjacent triangular compartment wall; Two flushing branch pipes extend downwards from both sides of the main flushing pipe along the surface of the triangular chamber to above the mud door at the bottom of the mud chamber. Each flushing branch pipe is connected to a horizontal branch pipe at its end. The horizontal branch pipe is arranged around the area above the mud gate, and multiple second nozzles are spaced apart on it, with the spray direction facing the mud gate.

[0017] More preferably, the spray direction of the first nozzle forms an acute angle with the surface of the adjacent triangular compartment wall; the spray axis of the second nozzle forms an acute angle with the surface of the mud gate.

[0018] More preferably, the spray angle of the first nozzle is 40-60 degrees, and the spacing between the first nozzles is 1500-1700 mm; the spray angle of the second nozzle is 25-30 degrees, and the spacing between the second nozzles is 1200-1300 mm.

[0019] More preferably, the first nozzles are arranged in pairs or staggered on both sides of the main flush pipe.

[0020] More preferably, the flushing area enclosed by the horizontal branch pipes is rectangular or annular.

[0021] More preferably, in the flushing units located at both ends of the mud chamber, the main flushing pipe extends to the end of the mud chamber; parallel tail flushing branch pipes are provided on both sides of the main flushing pipe, extending to the side plate area of ​​the mud chamber; a third nozzle is provided on the tail flushing branch pipe, and its spray direction is towards the mud gate.

[0022] More preferably, the ends of the two flushing branch pipes and the tail flushing branch pipe are connected to the fourth nozzle through a reducing pipe.

[0023] More preferably, at least one of the first nozzle 515, the second nozzle, the third nozzle, and the fourth nozzle is a detachable nozzle structure.

[0024] The advantages and technical effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model has many significant overall technical effects. In terms of capacity expansion, the inclined guide reinforced shroud adopts an inclined streamlined design, replacing the square shroud, which significantly reduces space occupation while enhancing impact resistance. Its slope design guides the natural sliding of silt, reducing the accumulation of silt on the top of the shroud, freeing up vertical space, optimizing the utilization of the capacity of a single silt extraction door unit, and achieving comprehensive capacity expansion of the entire hull, providing key support for the compact design of large trailing suction hopper dredgers.

[0025] For efficient sludge removal, the sludge removal system works in conjunction with modular sludge removal gate units and deck-mounted hydraulic drives. Sludge is sucked in by the rake head and settles to the bottom of the W-shaped sludge hopper. The sludge removal bend utilizes the gravity flow effect of sludge to reduce the risk of blockage. The gate valve is controlled by the sludge removal gate lever to open and close, regulating the flow of sludge to the sludge removal straight pipe, and finally collecting it in the intermediate sludge removal main pipe for discharge. The upper end of the sludge removal gate lever extends to the deck to prevent sludge erosion inside the hopper and improve system reliability.

[0026] A high-pressure flushing system further ensures efficient sludge removal. Located in the triangular compartment, multiple nozzles target and flush the bulkheads and sludge gates. The first nozzle expands the water flow coverage, eliminating blind spots and effectively cleaning the bulkheads at appropriate angles and spacing. The second nozzle creates a swirling flow to thoroughly clean the area above the sludge gates. The stern flushing branch pipe and third nozzle target the sludge gates at both ends of the sludge compartment. A reducing pipe and a fourth nozzle compensate for water pressure attenuation, and detachable nozzles facilitate maintenance and replacement. These design features work together to reduce sludge deposition, lower the risk of equipment failure, ensure normal opening and closing of the sludge gates, improve sludge removal efficiency, ensure efficient and continuous dredging operations, reduce maintenance costs, and enhance vessel operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model. Figure 2 This is the front view of the chute gate device; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The left view; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Top view; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the middle section (I); Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component 42, which is a manual lifting hoist. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the high-pressure water flushing system assembly; Figure 8 This is the main view of the high-pressure water flushing system assembly installation; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Top view; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Sectional view of AA; Figure 11 yes Figure 9 BB section view; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the flushing unit structure; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a flushing unit with a tail flushing branch pipe.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Mud tank; 11. Mud tank deck; 12. Triangular tank; 13. Reservoir tank; 3. Mud evacuation gate unit; 31. Mud gate; 32. Mud gate connecting rod; 33. Mud gate push rod; 34. Mud gate push rod mounting seat; 2. Mud extraction gate unit; 21. Mud extraction bend; 22. Mud extraction straight pipe; 23. Mud extraction gate device; 231. Gate valve seat; 2310. Seat box; 2311. Mud extraction gate pull rod guide bracket; 2312. Hydraulic cylinder guide seat; 2313. Ridge; 2314. Sloping flow guide reinforced confinement plate; 232. Gate valve; 233. Mud extraction gate pull rod; 24. Intermediate mud extraction main pipe. ; 210. Deck section for installing mud door pull rod for evacuation; 4. Maintenance mechanism for evacuation system; 41. Guide rail; 42. Lifting assembly; 421. Traveling trolley; 422. Dual-sided electric winch; 423. Wire rope; 424. Lifting hook; 5. High-pressure flushing system; 51. Flushing unit; 511. Flushing main pipe; 512. Inlet branch pipe; 513. Control valve; 514. Water supply main pipe; 515. First nozzle; 516. Flushing branch pipe; 517. Horizontal branch pipe; 518. Second nozzle; 519. Stern flushing branch pipe; 520. Third nozzle; 521. Reducer pipe; 522. Fourth nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 4 A mud hopper for a trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system, wherein the mud hopper 1 has a W-shaped cross section and includes a receiving compartment 13 and a triangular compartment 12 located in the middle. On both sides of the triangular compartment 12, at the bottom of the receiving compartment 13, several mud discharge gate units 3 are provided along the length direction; and multiple mud extraction gate units 2 are provided at intervals along the length direction of the mud hopper 1. The mud-draining door unit 3 includes two opposing mud doors 31 located at the bottom of the receiving compartment 13. The two mud doors 31 are connected to a mud door push rod 33 via a mud door connecting rod 32. The mud door push rod 33 extends vertically upward to the mud compartment deck 11. A mud door push rod mounting seat 34 is provided on the side wall of the receiving compartment 13 above the mud doors 31, and the mud door push rod 33 is mounted on the mud door push rod mounting seat 34. Each of the mud removal gate units 2 includes a mud removal bend 21, a mud removal straight pipe 22, and a mud removal gate device 23; the mud removal gate device 23 includes: a gate valve seat 231, fixedly installed on the side wall of the triangular compartment 12 at the bottom of the W-shaped mud compartment 1; a gate valve 232; and a mud removal gate lever 233, used to drive the gate valve 232 to open or close; the upper end of the mud removal gate lever 233 extends to the mud compartment deck 11, corresponding to the mud removal gate lever 233. The mud tank deck 11 of 33 is provided with a mud door pull rod mounting deck section 210; the lower pipe port of the mud door 31 is located above the mud door 31, and the upper end of the mud door 21 is connected to the inlet of the gate valve 232 through a flange; the outlet of the gate valve 232 is connected to one end of the mud door straight pipe 22 through a flange, and the other end of the mud door straight pipe 22 extends through the side wall of the triangular tank 12 toward the center of the mud tank 1 and is connected to the intermediate mud door main pipe 24.

[0031] This utility model's mud removal system achieves efficient mud removal through the coordinated operation of a modular mud removal gate unit and a deck-mounted hydraulic drive. After being sucked in by the rake head, the mud settles to the bottom of the W-shaped mud tank 1. The lower inlet of the mud removal bend 21 is located above the mud gate 31, utilizing the mud's gravity flow effect to reduce the risk of blockage. The gate valve 232 is controlled by the mud removal gate lever 233 to regulate the flow of mud towards the mud removal straight pipe 22, ultimately converging and being discharged through the intermediate mud removal main pipe 24. The upper end of the mud removal gate lever 233 extends to the deck, preventing mud erosion within the tank and improving system reliability.

[0032] More preferably, a hull-removal system maintenance mechanism 4 is installed on the top outer side of the triangular compartment 12. More preferably, the maintenance mechanism 4 includes a guide rail 41 installed along the length of the triangular compartment 12, and a lifting assembly 42 movably mounted on the guide rail 41. The guide rail 41 is preferably made of H-beam steel, and the lifting assembly 42 can be a manual hoist; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 6 It can also be an electric hoist; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 The preferred technical solution is as follows: the traveling trolley 421 of the lifting assembly 42 can be either unpowered or powered; the lifting assembly 42 uses a double-sided electric winch 422; and the wire rope 423 is connected to the lifting hook 424. A pod extraction system maintenance mechanism 4 is added to the top of the outer side of the triangular compartment 12, which can significantly reduce the labor intensity of maintenance of components such as the pod extraction main pipe control valve and improve maintenance efficiency and safety.

[0033] Its technical effects are as follows: Precise positioning reduces manual intervention: The maintenance mechanism 4, through the coordinated design of the guide rail 41 and the movable lifting component 42, can quickly locate the position of the control valve (such as the gate valve or regulating valve) on the main extraction pipe. There is no need for manual climbing or carrying heavy objects. Only one person is needed to complete the valve body disassembly, replacement or gap adjustment, reducing labor intensity.

[0034] Mechanization assists and reduces operational risks: Lifting component 42 can stably lift heavy components such as control valves, avoiding the risk of slippage or collision during manual operation, while reducing the need for high-altitude operations and improving maintenance safety.

[0035] Shorten downtime and ensure operational continuity: External maintenance mechanism 4 can respond quickly to faults, reduce long-term operational interruptions caused by maintenance, and improve dredging efficiency.

[0036] For further recommendations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 4 The gate valve seat 231 includes a seat box 2310. The upper part of the seat box 2310 is provided with a mud gate pull rod guide bracket 2311. A hydraulic cylinder guide seat 2312 is provided on the side of the mud gate pull rod guide bracket 2311 corresponding to the mud gate pull rod 233.

[0037] This technical solution significantly improves the stability and reliability of the hydraulic drive system by adding a seat box 2310 and a guide structure for the mud extraction door pull rod in the gate valve seat 231. Its technical effects are as follows: Anti-eccentric load and guidance reinforcement: The hydraulic cylinder guide seat 2312 effectively restrains its radial offset by supporting the mud door pull rod 233 of the pumping compartment, avoiding cylinder tilting caused by mud impact or vibration, and reducing the risk of seal wear and leakage.

[0038] Integrated structural design: The seat 2310 integrates the guide bracket 2311 and the gate valve seat 231 body, reducing installation errors, improving the coaxiality of the valve body and the hydraulic cylinder, reducing the probability of gate jamming, and ensuring smooth valve opening and closing.

[0039] Improved ease of maintenance: The guide structure is externally mounted on the seat 2310, which facilitates quick disassembly and assembly of the hydraulic cylinder during maintenance without the need for complete disassembly of the valve seat.

[0040] More preferably, the upper end of the seat 2310 is provided with a ridge 2313. Adding a ridge 2313 to the upper end of the seat 2310 can effectively reduce the deposition of mud and sand on the upper surface of the valve seat, improving the operational stability of the equipment. Its technical effects are as follows: Fluid dynamic guidance: The ridge 2313 disrupts the tendency of sediment to spread out and accumulate through its raised structure, guiding it to slide to both sides using the gravity flow effect. This reduces sediment buildup at the top of the valve seat and lowers the risk of sediment covering the extraction chamber door rod 233 or the guide seat. Reduced sediment deposition lowers the risk of contact corrosion between the seat box 2310 surface and hydraulic components, while also preventing sediment particles from wearing down the sealing surface during valve opening and closing.

[0041] Further preferably, to improve the stability of the seat box 2310 and the space utilization of the mud chamber 1, the seat box 2310 and the side wall of the triangular chamber 12 are sealed and welded together by a ramp-guided reinforced enclosure plate 2314, achieving structural reinforcement and functional integration through sealed welding. The ramp-guided reinforced enclosure plate has an inclination angle of 35~50 degrees; the enclosure plate adopts a ramp streamlined design, replacing the square enclosure plate, which significantly reduces space occupation while enhancing impact resistance: the ramp structure can disperse the impact load of mud and sand, avoid local stress concentration, and reduce the risk of fatigue cracking of welds; its slope design can guide mud and sand to slide down naturally, reduce the accumulation of mud and sand on the top of the enclosure plate, and avoid manual cleaning and erosion of the valve seat sealing surface by mud and sand. In addition, the vertical space released by the ramp design optimizes the utilization of the capacity of a single mud extraction door unit 2, resulting in a significant overall capacity increase effect for the entire chamber, while indirectly improving mud discharge efficiency by reducing the mud and sand retention area. In summary, the inclined flow guide reinforced enclosure plate 2314 achieves "three effects in one" through structural innovation: it enhances the stability of the seat box 2310, releases cabin space, and inhibits sediment deposition. While ensuring equipment reliability, it improves dredging efficiency and provides key technical support for the compact design and efficient operation of large trailing suction hopper dredgers.

[0042] Please see Figures 7 to 13This utility model also includes a high-pressure flushing system 5, which is arranged and installed on the triangular chamber 12 inside the mud chamber 1, and multiple flushing units 51 are arranged at intervals along the length of the mud chamber 1; each flushing unit 51 is connected to the main water supply pipe 514 through an inlet branch pipe 512, and the inlet branch pipe 512 is independently equipped with a control valve 513 to control the opening or closing of the inlet branch pipe 512; the main water supply pipe 514 is located at the lower part of the triangular chamber 12; each flushing unit 51 includes: a flushing main pipe 511, the inlet end of which is connected to the corresponding inlet branch pipe 512, and multiple first nozzles 515 are arranged on both sides along the length of the flushing main pipe 511, the spraying direction of which is towards the adjacent wall of the triangular chamber 12; this design allows the high-pressure water flow to act directly on the wall of the triangular chamber 12. The water flow sprayed from the first nozzles 515 can effectively flush the silt attached to the surface of the chamber wall and prevent the silt from accumulating and hardening on the chamber wall. Because the water flow directly impacts the bulkhead, it breaks the adhesion between the silt and the bulkhead, peeling the silt off and reducing corrosion caused by silt accumulation, as well as the difficulty of subsequent cleaning. At the same time, the continuous flushing action keeps the bulkhead surface clean, reducing the risk of silt accumulation affecting the overall structural stability of mud hopper 1, ensuring that mud hopper 1 can function normally during dredging operations, and improving dredging efficiency and ship operation safety.

[0043] Two flushing branch pipes 516 extend downwards from both sides of the main flushing pipe 511 along the surface of the triangular chamber 12 to above the mud gate 31 at the bottom of the mud chamber 1. Each flushing branch pipe 516 is connected to a horizontal branch pipe 517 at its end. The horizontal branch pipe 517 is arranged around the area above the mud gate 31, and multiple second nozzles 518 are spaced apart on it, spraying towards the mud gate 31. This targeted design allows the high-pressure water flow to directly act on the area above the mud gate 31, effectively flushing away the silt adhering to the mud gate 31 and its surrounding area. During dredging operations, silt easily accumulates above the mud gate 31. If not cleaned in time, this can lead to problems such as poor sealing and difficulty in opening the mud gate 31. The second nozzles 518, through continuous water jetting, can quickly peel and flush away the silt from the surface of the mud gate 31, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency of the area above the mud gate 31, ensuring that the mud gate 31 can be opened and closed normally, and ensuring that the mud chamber 1's sludge discharge function is not affected.

[0044] Preferably, the first nozzles 515 are arranged in pairs or staggered on both sides of the main flushing pipe 511. The paired or staggered arrangement of the first nozzles 515 expands the water flow coverage area and eliminates blind spots in the flushing process. The paired arrangement allows the two water streams to cooperate, forming a stronger flushing force and improving the cleaning effect on the bulkhead; the staggered arrangement ensures that different locations are flushed evenly, avoiding insufficient flushing in certain areas. This arrangement reduces the number of repeated flushing cycles, lowers energy consumption and water usage, and also improves flushing efficiency, enabling the bulkhead of the triangular compartment 12 to be cleaned faster and more thoroughly, ensuring the cleanliness of the internal environment of the mud compartment 1 and facilitating continuous dredging operations.

[0045] Further preferably, the spray direction of the first nozzle 515 forms an acute angle with the surface of the adjacent triangular compartment 12 bulkhead. This acute angle allows the water flow to impact the bulkhead at a certain angle. This inclined impact increases the shear force of the water flow on the silt, more effectively peeling the silt from the bulkhead surface. Compared to vertical impact, the inclined impact better adapts to the unevenness of the bulkhead surface, penetrating deep into the gaps between the silt and the bulkhead, improving the thoroughness of the flushing. Moreover, the inclined water flow can also cause the peeled silt to slide down the bulkhead, reducing silt residue on the bulkhead, further enhancing the flushing effect and ensuring that the triangular compartment 12 bulkhead always maintains a good working condition.

[0046] More preferably, the spray angle of the first nozzle 515 is 40-60 degrees, and the spacing between the first nozzles 515 is 1500-1700 mm. In this embodiment, the preferred spray angle is 45 degrees and the spacing is 1500 mm. The specific spray angle and spacing are carefully designed. The spray angle determines the coverage area and impact force of the water flow. A suitable spray angle allows the water flow to effectively cover the bulkhead while maintaining sufficient impact force to flush away the silt. The specific nozzle spacing ensures the uniformity of water flow distribution, avoiding overlapping or blank areas. This design improves flushing efficiency and ensures flushing quality, enabling rapid and comprehensive cleaning of silt on the bulkhead of the triangular compartment 12, reducing localized silt accumulation caused by uneven flushing, ensuring the normal operation of the mud compartment 1, and reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0047] Preferably, the flushing area enclosed by the horizontal branch pipes 517 is rectangular or annular. The rectangular or annular flushing area formed by the horizontal branch pipes 517 can fully cover the area above the mud gate 31. The rectangular area can uniformly flush the relatively regular area above the mud gate 31, ensuring that every corner is washed by the water flow; the annular area can better adapt to the circular or irregular shape above the mud gate 31, achieving flushing without dead angles. This design effectively prevents sludge from accumulating above the mud gate 31, avoiding sealing failure or hydraulic failure of the mud gate 31 due to sludge hardening, ensuring the normal opening and closing of the mud gate 31, improving the sludge discharge efficiency of the mud chamber 1, and ensuring the smooth progress of dredging operations.

[0048] Further preferably, the spray axis of the second nozzle 518 is inclined at an angle to the surface of the mud gate 31, and all nozzles have the same inclination angle, configured to form a swirling flow during spraying. The swirling flow generates a powerful stirring and scouring effect. The inclined spray allows the water flow to penetrate deep into the gaps and corners of the mud gate 31 surface, washing away hidden silt; the swirling flow can also quickly carry away the washed-down silt, preventing it from redepositing on the surface of the mud gate 31. This design greatly improves the cleaning effect of the mud gate 31 surface, reduces the risk of failure caused by silt accumulation, extends the service life of the mud gate 31, and also helps to improve the sludge discharge efficiency of the mud chamber 1, ensuring the efficient conduct of dredging operations.

[0049] More preferably, the spray angle of the second nozzle 518 is 25-30 degrees, and the spacing between the second nozzles 518 is 1200-1300 mm. In this embodiment, the preferred spray angle is 30 degrees and the spacing is 1200 mm. In a further preferred embodiment, in the flushing units 51 located at both ends of the mud tank 1, the main flushing pipe 511 extends to the end of the mud tank 1; parallel tail flushing branch pipes 519 are provided on both sides of the main flushing pipe 511, extending to the side plate area of ​​the mud tank 1; a third nozzle 520 is provided on the tail flushing branch pipe 519, with its spray direction facing the mud gate 31. This allows for targeted flushing of the mud gates 31 at both ends of the mud tank 1. Since the mud gates 31 at both ends of the mud tank 1 are far from the main flushing unit 51, conventional flushing systems cannot effectively cover them; this design overcomes this deficiency. The third nozzle 520 on the tail flushing branch pipe 519 can directly flush the end mud gates 31, removing silt from the mud gates 31 and surrounding areas, preventing silt accumulation from affecting the normal operation of the mud gates 31. This ensures the cleanliness and normal operation of the mud gates 31 at both ends of the mud tank 1, improves the overall sludge discharge efficiency of the mud tank 1, and ensures that dredging operations can be carried out smoothly in all parts of the mud tank 1.

[0050] More preferably, the ends of the two flushing branch pipes 516 and the tail flushing branch pipe 519 are connected to the fourth nozzle 522 via a reducing pipe 521. By connecting the fourth nozzle 522 via the reducing pipe 521, the reducing pipe 521 can adjust its diameter according to water pressure and flow requirements, ensuring that the water flow reaches its optimal state when entering the fourth nozzle 522, compensating for any decrease in water pressure. The fourth nozzle 522 can generate a stronger water flow impact force, or at least equal to, that of the other nozzles.

[0051] More preferably, at least one of the first nozzle 515, the second nozzle 518, the third nozzle 520, and the fourth nozzle 522 is a detachable nozzle structure. During dredging operations, the nozzles may wear out or become clogged due to prolonged use. The detachable structure eliminates the need for extensive disassembly of the entire flushing system; only damaged or clogged nozzles need to be replaced. This significantly reduces maintenance time and costs, and improves equipment availability. Furthermore, the detachable nozzles facilitate the replacement of different types of nozzles according to varying dredging conditions and silt characteristics to achieve optimal flushing results and ensure the stable operation of the high-pressure flushing system 5 in the mud chamber 1.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dredging tank for a trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency sludge discharge system, characterized in that: The mud compartment has a W-shaped cross-section, including a receiving compartment and a triangular compartment in the middle. Several venting mud gate units that open in opposite directions along the length of the ship are provided at the bottom of the receiving compartment on both sides of the triangular compartment; each mud gate unit is equipped with a mud removal mud gate unit. The mud-draining door unit includes two opposing mud doors located at the bottom of the containment compartment. The two mud doors are connected to a mud door push rod via a mud door connecting rod, which extends vertically upward to the mud compartment deck. Above the mud doors, a mud door pull rod guide seat is provided on the side wall of the containment compartment, and the mud door pull rod is installed between the mud door cylinder and the mud door. Each of the aforementioned mud gate units includes a mud gate pipe, a mud gate device, a mud branch pipe, and a mud main pipe device. The mud removal gate device includes: a gate valve seat, fixedly installed on the triangular sidewall of the bottom of the W-shaped mud tank; a gate valve; and a mud removal gate rod for driving the gate valve to open or close; the upper end of the mud removal gate rod extends to the mud tank deck, and a mud removal gate cylinder is provided on the mud tank deck for driving the mud removal gate valve; the lower port of the mud removal bend is located above the mud gate, and the upper end of the mud removal bend is connected to the inlet of the gate valve through a flange; the outlet of the gate valve is connected to one end of the mud removal branch pipe through a flange, and the other end of the mud removal branch pipe extends through the triangular sidewall toward the center of the mud tank and is connected to the intermediate mud removal main pipe.

2. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pod removal system maintenance mechanism is installed on the inner top of the triangular cabin; the maintenance mechanism includes a guide rail installed along the length of the triangular cabin, and a lifting assembly movably installed on the guide rail.

3. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate valve seat includes a seat box, and the upper part of the seat box is provided with a guide bracket for the mud gate pull rod. The guide bracket for the mud gate pull rod is provided with a guide seat corresponding to the mud gate pull rod.

4. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide seat corresponding to the mud door pull rod of the extraction chamber has a split structure.

5. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the seat box is provided with a ridge.

6. The dredging tank of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency sludge discharge system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seat box and the side wall of the triangular cabin are sealed and welded together by a ramp-guided reinforced enclosure plate.

7. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the slope guide reinforced enclosure is 35 to 50 degrees.

8. The dredging tank of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency sludge discharge system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a high-pressure flushing system, which is arranged and installed on the triangular chamber inside the mud chamber, with multiple flushing units spaced apart along the length of the mud chamber; each of the flushing units is connected to the main water supply pipe through an inlet branch pipe, and the main water supply pipe is located inside the triangular chamber. Each flushing unit includes: a main flushing pipe, with the inlet end connected to a corresponding water inlet branch pipe, and multiple first nozzles provided on both sides along the length direction of the main flushing pipe, with the spray direction parallel to the adjacent triangular compartment wall; Two flushing branch pipes extend downwards from both sides of the main flushing pipe along the surface of the triangular chamber to above the mud door at the bottom of the mud chamber. Each flushing branch pipe is connected to a horizontal branch pipe at its end. The horizontal branch pipe is arranged around the area above the mud gate, and multiple second nozzles are spaced apart on it, with the spray direction facing the mud gate.

9. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first nozzle's spray direction forms an acute angle with the adjacent triangular compartment wall surface; the second nozzle's spray axis forms an acute angle with the mud gate surface.

10. The dredging tank of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency sludge discharge system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first nozzle has a spray angle of 40-60 degrees and a spacing of 1500-1700 mm; the second nozzle has a spray angle of 25-30 degrees and a spacing of 1200-1300 mm.

11. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first nozzles are arranged in pairs or staggered on both sides of the main flush pipe.

12. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flushing area enclosed by the horizontal branch pipes is rectangular or ring-shaped.

13. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the flushing units located at both ends of the mud chamber, the main flushing pipe extends to the end of the mud chamber; parallel tail flushing branch pipes are provided on both sides of the main flushing pipe, extending to the side plate area of ​​the mud chamber; a third nozzle is provided on the tail flushing branch pipe, and its spray direction is towards the mud gate.

14. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The ends of the two flushing branch pipes and the tail flushing branch pipe are connected to the fourth nozzle through a reducing pipe.

15. The mud hopper of the trailing suction hopper dredger with a W-shaped cross-section and a high-efficiency mud discharge system according to claim 14, characterized in that: At least one of the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the third nozzle, and the fourth nozzle is a detachable nozzle structure.

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