A buoy and rock structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of buoy stone structure, including stone main part, the stone main part includes parallel upper top surface and lower bottom surface, the upper top surface is less than lower bottom surface, upper top surface and lower bottom surface shape similar and the projection of center in vertical direction coincides, the edge of lower bottom surface is obliquely extended to the edge of upper top surface and is connected to form the side of stone main part, anchor ring for connecting anchor chain is equipped in the stone main part, anchor ring end exposes the upper top surface of stone main part, the lower part position of stone main part is equipped with counterweight, the density of counterweight is greater than the average density of stone main part, the center of gravity of counterweight is lower than the center of stone main part and the projection of both center of gravity in vertical direction coincides. It can be conveniently wound anchor chain to pull apart, and provide just anchoring force, avoid or reduce the occurrence of stone displacement condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine navigation mark technology, and in particular to a buoy sinking stone structure. Background Technology

[0002] A buoy is a navigational aid that floats on the water's surface. Anchored in a designated location, it marks the extent of a navigational channel, indicates shoals, navigational obstructions, or serves a specific purpose. Buoys are the most numerous and widely used type of navigational aid, placed in locations where it is difficult or unsuitable to establish fixed navigational aids. Buoys are secured by anchor chains connected to sunken rocks on the seabed. The weight of the sunken rocks and the friction of the anchor chains on the seabed ensure the buoy remains in place and prevents it from shifting.

[0003] In recent years, during strong winds, buoys in the Qingdao Navigation Mark Office's jurisdiction have sometimes shifted, requiring ships to go out to sea to reposition or drop them, resulting in considerable economic losses.

[0004] Current status of navigational aid sinkers: The Qingdao Navigation Aids Office mainly uses three types of 5-ton square sinkers.

[0005] The first type: 1.5m x 1.5m x 0.95m, made of concrete sinking stone, weighing approximately 3.2 tons in water, with a square shape, low density, large volume, high center of gravity, and low cost;

[0006] The second type: 1.5m x 1.5m x 0.82m, made of concrete sinking stone, weighing approximately 2.7 tons in water, with a square shape, low density, large volume, high center of gravity, and low cost;

[0007] The third type: cast iron sinking stones, which weigh about 4 tons in water, have high density, small volume, low center of gravity, and high cost.

[0008] Currently used square boulders often exhibit chain tangling near the boulder end during buoy replacement. This reduces the length of the anchor chain on the bottom, decreasing the anchoring force provided by the chain, leaving the buoy almost solely reliant on the weight of the boulder for anchoring. The reason for this chain tangling is that the currents in the Qingdao to Rizhao waters are swirling, causing the buoy to move in a circular motion around the boulder. When the current is strong, the buoy can fully stretch the anchor chain to rotate around the boulder. However, when the current is weak, the anchor chain cannot fully stretch, and as the buoy continues its circular motion, the anchor chain accumulates around the boulder. When the outermost ring of anchor chain is pulled and straightened by strong winds and waves, it may trap and pull the innermost ring around the boulder, causing the initial tangling. The boulder's four vertical sides are straight, without any slope, creating significant resistance to the anchor chain and hindering its straightening and untangling. Because the anchor chain's length at the bottom is reduced, the anchoring force is weakened, making it prone to displacement during strong winds and waves.

[0009] In addition, the low-cost concrete sinkers currently in use have a relatively uniform overall density and a center of gravity in the middle of the sinker. This makes them more likely to fall sideways when being placed, which affects construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a buoy sinking stone structure that allows the wrapped anchor chain to be easily unwound and provides just the right anchoring force to avoid or reduce the occurrence of sinking stone displacement.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a buoy sinking stone structure, comprising a sinking stone body, the sinking stone body comprising a parallel upper top surface and a lower bottom surface, the upper top surface being smaller than the lower bottom surface, the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface having similar shapes and their centers projecting in the vertical direction coincide, the edge of the lower bottom surface extending obliquely upwards to connect with the edge of the upper top surface to form the side of the sinking stone body, the sinking stone body having an anchor ring for connecting an anchor chain inside, the end of the anchor ring protruding from the upper top surface of the sinking stone body, and a counterweight block located at the lower part of the sinking stone body, the density of the counterweight block being greater than the average density of the sinking stone body, the center of gravity of the counterweight block being lower than the center of the sinking stone body, and the projections of the centers of gravity of the two in the vertical direction coinciding.

[0012] Furthermore, both the top and bottom surfaces are square, and the main body of the boulder has four edges that connect to the four corners of the top and bottom surfaces respectively. Guide surfaces are provided along the edges. The guide surfaces reduce the resistance when the anchor chain is pulled off along the four edges, making it easier to pull the anchor chain apart, distributing the stress area, and reducing local damage to the boulder body caused by the anchor chain.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchor ring is U-shaped, cast inside the boulder body, with its upper end protruding from the top surface of the boulder body and located at the center of the top surface. The U-shaped anchor ring cast inside the boulder body provides a more secure fixation.

[0014] Furthermore, the counterweight is plate-shaped and parallel to its bottom surface, and the bottom end of the anchor ring is fixedly connected to the counterweight. The counterweight is preferably made of iron. The plate-shaped counterweight can lower the center of gravity of the counterweight as much as possible while increasing the weight of the sinker, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the entire sinker. This makes it easier to keep the sinker upright after it is thrown into the sea, and the lowered center of gravity makes it less likely to be pulled down or displaced by the anchor chain.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the sinker body is provided with a recessed suction cup. The structure with the recessed suction cup can increase the adhesion of the sinker to the seabed and increase its anchoring force.

[0016] Furthermore, a recess is provided at the center of the upper surface where the anchor ring is exposed. At least part of the exposed end of the anchor ring is located within the space of the recess. The recess allows for the complete or partial accommodation of the anchor ring end, reducing the exposed height of the anchor ring end while ensuring proper connection to the anchor chain. This reduces the resistance to the anchor chain during pull-out as it slides over the top of the boulder, and also protects the anchor ring from wear. Alternatively, the recess can be located within the width of the anchor ring end, with the U-shaped shackle of the anchor chain accommodated within the recess when the anchor ring is connected to the anchor chain. This ensures a secure connection while reducing the exposed height of the anchor ring and the U-shaped shackle on the upper surface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The shape of the sinking stone slopes inward from low to high, and the four edges converge inward, making it easier for the bottom anchor chain to be pulled from the seabed along the side of the sinking stone to the top of the sinking stone and over it, thus making it easier to stretch. The anchor ring exposed on the sinking stone is lower in height relative to the top surface of the sinking stone. The recessed part under the anchor ring can reduce the height of the end of the anchor ring while ensuring that the anchor chain has enough space to be hooked smoothly. It also makes the U-shaped shackle on the sinking stone rotate more smoothly on the anchor ring and not be tripped by the anchor ring. The addition of a counterweight can effectively increase the weight of the sinking stone and lower the overall center of gravity, thereby increasing the anchoring force. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 A top view of the structure where the recessed portion is located within the width of the anchor ring end;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the recessed portion within the width range of the anchor ring end.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the sinker; 2. Top surface; 3. Bottom surface; 4. Guide surface; 5. Anchor ring; 6. Recessed part; 7. Counterweight; 8. Suction cup. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Please see Figures 1-3A buoy sinking boulder structure includes a concrete-cast sinking boulder body 1. The sinking boulder body 1 includes a parallel upper top surface 2 and a lower bottom surface 3. Preferably, both the upper top surface 2 and the lower bottom surface 3 are square, with the upper top surface 2 being smaller than the lower bottom surface 3. The vertical projections of the centers of the upper top surface 2 and the lower bottom surface 3 coincide. The four edges of the lower bottom surface 3 extend obliquely upwards to the four edges of the upper top surface 2, forming four inwardly converging sides of the sinking boulder body 1. The sinking boulder body 1 has four edges that connect to the four corners of the upper top surface 2 and the lower bottom surface 3. Guide surfaces 4 are provided along the edges. The guide surfaces 4 can reduce the resistance when the anchor chain is pulled off along the four edges, facilitating the pulling off of the anchor chain, distributing the stress area, and reducing local damage to the sinking boulder body 1 caused by the anchor chain.

[0025] An anchor ring 5 for connecting the anchor chain is provided inside the boulder body 1. The end of the anchor ring 5 protrudes from the top surface 2 of the boulder body 1. The anchor ring 5 is U-shaped and is cast inside the boulder body 1. Preferably, the upper end of the anchor ring 5 protrudes from the top surface 2 of the boulder body 1 and is located at the center of the top surface. A recess 6 is provided at the center of the top surface 2 where the anchor ring 5 protrudes, and at least part of the protruding end of the anchor ring 5 is located within the space of the recess 6. The recess 6 can accommodate all or part of the end of the anchor ring 5, reducing the height of the protruding end of the anchor ring 5 while ensuring normal connection of the anchor chain. This reduces interference to the anchor chain during the process of the entangled anchor chain slipping over the top of the boulder when being pulled out, allowing the anchor chain to be pulled out more smoothly. At the same time, it also protects the anchor ring 5 from wear. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As another preferred option, the recessed portion 6 is located within the width range of the end of the anchor ring 5. When the anchor ring 5 is connected to the anchor chain, the U-shaped shackle portion of the anchor chain is accommodated in the recessed portion 6. This can also reduce the height of the anchor ring 5 and the U-shaped shackle of the anchor chain exposed on the top surface 2 while ensuring a firm connection.

[0026] A plate-shaped counterweight 7 made of carbon steel is installed in the lower part of the main body 1 of the sinker. The counterweight 7 is parallel to the bottom surface 3, and the center of gravity of the counterweight 7 is lower than the center of the main body 1 of the sinker, and the projections of the centers of gravity of the two in the vertical direction coincide. The carbon steel counterweight 7 can lower the center of gravity of the counterweight 7 as much as possible while increasing the weight of the sinker, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the entire sinker. After being thrown into the sea, it is easier to keep the sinker upright, and the lower center of gravity makes it less likely to be pulled down or displaced by the anchor chain. In order to increase the connection strength between the anchor ring 5 and the main body 1 of the sinker, the bottom end of the anchor ring 5 is welded to the counterweight 7 and then integrally cast into the main body 1 of the sinker.

[0027] To increase the stability of the sinker on the seabed, a recessed suction cup 8 is provided in the lower bottom surface 3 of the sinker body 1. The area of ​​the recessed portion of the suction cup 8 is maximized while ensuring the edge strength of the lower bottom surface 3. The structure with the recessed suction cup increases the adhesion of the sinker to the seabed and enhances its anchoring force.

[0028] The concrete used for the main body of the sinking stone 1 is C40 concrete, which has early strength, high strength, and high durability. It has high strength after curing, which can better ensure the integrity of the sinking stone. It has micro-expansion and anti-segregation properties, which ensures that there are no gaps between the concrete and the steel after pouring, and can better protect the steel from seawater corrosion. It has high self-flowability, which can fill all the gaps, ensuring the integrity of the sinking stone and preventing the steel from being corroded.

[0029] Anchor ring 5 is made of φ60mm 45# steel and is welded to counterweight 7. 45# steel has a tensile strength of 600MPa, a yield strength of 355MPa, a hot-rolled hardness of 229HBS, and an annealed hardness of 197HBS. Its mechanical properties are between those of grade II anchor chain steel and grade III anchor chain steel.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A buoy sinking stone structure, comprising a sinking stone body, characterized in that: The sinking stone main body comprises a parallel upper top surface and a lower bottom surface, wherein the area of the upper top surface is smaller than that of the lower bottom surface, the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface are similar in shape, and the projections of the centers of the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface in the vertical direction coincide with each other; edges of the lower bottom surface extend obliquely toward edges of the upper top surface and are connected to form side surfaces of the sinking stone main body; an anchor ring for connecting an anchor chain is provided in the sinking stone main body, an end portion of the anchor ring is exposed out of the upper top surface of the sinking stone main body; a counterweight is provided at a lower inner position of the sinking stone main body, the density of the counterweight is greater than the average density of the sinking stone main body, the center of gravity of the counterweight is lower than the center of the sinking stone main body, and the projections of the centers of gravity of the counterweight and the sinking stone main body in the vertical direction coincide with each other.

2. The buoy sinking stone structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface are square, the sinking stone main body is provided with four edges respectively connecting four corners of the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface, and a guide surface arranged along the edge is provided at each edge.

3. The buoy sinking stone structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor ring is n-shaped, the anchor ring is poured in the sinking stone main body, and the upper end of the anchor ring is exposed out of the upper top surface of the sinking stone main body and located at the center of the upper top surface.

4. The buoy sinking stone structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The counterweight is plate-shaped and parallel to the lower bottom surface, and the bottom end of the anchor ring is fixedly connected to the counterweight.

5. The buoy sinking stone structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recessed suction cup is provided in the lower bottom surface of the sinking stone main body.

6. The buoy sinking stone structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A recessed portion is provided at a position where the anchor ring is exposed at the center of the upper top surface.

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