An aoi feeding and discharging device applied to a panel industry

Abstract

This utility model discloses an AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry, including a protective rail, a linear guide rail, and a ground rail. A frame is installed on one side of the protective rail, and an automated optical detector is installed on the other side. The linear guide rail is located on top of the frame, and a guide seat is slidably attached to its surface. This utility model automates the entire process from glass loading and positioning to glass inspection, inspection result feedback, and glass resetting, requiring minimal manual intervention and improving production efficiency. The equipped automated optical detector has high-precision image acquisition and analysis capabilities, accurately identifying various defects on the glass surface such as scratches, stains, bubbles, and breaks. The protective rail and its side locks and latches constitute a safety protection system, effectively isolating the equipment's operating area during operation and preventing personnel from accidentally entering dangerous areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of glass technology, specifically to an AOI loading and unloading device applied in the panel industry. Background Technology

[0002] AOI (Automated Optical Inspection) is a device that uses optical principles to detect common defects encountered in welding production. AOI is a relatively new testing technology, but it is developing rapidly, and many manufacturers have launched AOI testing equipment. During automatic inspection, the machine automatically scans the PCB with a camera, collects images, compares the tested solder joints with qualified parameters in the database, processes the images, detects defects on the PCB, and displays / marks the defects on a monitor or with automatic markers for repair personnel to fix.

[0003] Currently, in the field of glass inspection, especially for optical inspection of G3.5 specification and similar small and medium-sized glass, the common practice is to use a "manual assistance + semi-automatic equipment" operation mode.

[0004] However, the excessive manual intervention in key steps such as glass loading, positioning, result judgment, and resetting not only leads to manual operation time exceeding the total inspection time, but also causes frequent glass positioning deviations due to differences in personnel operating habits (such as different force and angle when placing the glass). This directly affects the image acquisition accuracy of the inspection device, resulting in a high rate of missed detection of defects such as scratches and bubbles, which reduces production efficiency and fails to meet the needs of large-scale glass production inspection.

[0005] In light of this, we are launching an AOI loading and unloading device for the panel industry. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an AOI loading and unloading device for the panel industry, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an AOI loading and unloading device for the panel industry, comprising: a guardrail, a linear guide rail, and a ground rail;

[0008] A rack is installed on one side of the guardrail, and an automated optical detector is installed on the other side of the guardrail;

[0009] The linear guide is set on the top of the frame, and a guide bracket is slidably attached to the surface of the linear guide. A clamp is set on the top of the guide bracket.

[0010] The ground rail is set inside the guardrail, and a slide block is slidably connected to the top of the ground rail. A flat plate is set on the top of the slide block, and a transport mechanism is set on the top of the flat plate. The transport mechanism uses an LCD panel to transport the robot, connecting arm, hinge arm and bracket in cooperation, so that the bracket can take out the glass inside the clamp and move it into the automated optical detector for detection.

[0011] Preferably, the handling mechanism includes suction cups connected at equal intervals on the surface of the support, an LCD panel handling robot is mounted on the top of the flat plate, a connecting arm is connected to the surface of the LCD panel handling robot, a hinge arm is connected to the surface of the connecting arm, a support is connected to one side of the hinge arm, and a sensor A is provided on the side of the surface of the suction cup.

[0012] Preferably, a slide cylinder is provided at the top of the frame below the guide frame, and the output end of the slide cylinder is in contact with the guide frame; the slide cylinder provides stable power for the sliding of the guide frame, and can accurately control the moving speed and position of the guide frame, so that the glass can quickly and accurately reach the pick-up station and reduce waiting time.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning cylinder is provided on the top side of the guide frame, located on the side of the clamp, and a floating cylinder is provided on the bottom of the clamp, located between the guide frames. The positioning cylinder can accurately position the glass in the clamp to avoid glass displacement affecting the detection. The floating cylinder can adjust the clamp height according to the number of glass pieces to ensure that the suction cup can always pick up the glass conveniently. The two work together to ensure that the glass is in the best condition before detection, further improving detection accuracy and handling efficiency, and reducing manual adjustment steps.

[0014] Preferably, a ventilation plate is provided on the top of the frame, and the ventilation plate is located below the clamp; the ventilation plate can promote air circulation inside the equipment and remove heat and dust from the clamp and the area around the glass in a timely manner.

[0015] Preferably, the side of the guardrail is connected to a lock, and the surface of the guardrail is provided with a latch on one side of the lock; the lock and the latch work together to securely lock the guardrail, preventing personnel from accidentally entering the dangerous area during equipment operation and avoiding safety accidents.

[0016] Preferably, the side of the clip is provided with a rotation detection mechanism, through the cooperation of the rotation cylinder, the rotating shaft and the sensor B of the rotation detection mechanism, so that the sensor B can detect the glass on the surface of the clip.

[0017] Preferably, the rotation detection mechanism includes a bearing seat connected to the top of the rotating shaft, a rotating cylinder connected to the top of the guide frame, the rotating shaft connected to the output end of the rotating cylinder, and sensors B connected at equal intervals to the side of the rotating shaft.

[0018] Preferably, an ionizing air bar is provided at the top of the frame above the clamp; the ionizing air bar can neutralize the static electricity on the glass and clamp surfaces, prevent static electricity from attracting dust and affecting the detection, and avoid static electricity from causing glass breakage or adhesion.

[0019] Preferably, a fan filter unit is connected to the top of the guardrail; the fan filter unit can filter and purify the air inside the equipment, continuously deliver clean air, effectively reduce the content of dust and particles in the air, and create a high-cleanliness environment for glass inspection.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] (1) The entire process of glass handling robot, from positioning and handling after glass loading to glass inspection, inspection result feedback and glass reset, is automated. It does not require much manual intervention from staff. The LCD panel handling robot can efficiently and accurately complete the glass handling task through the coordinated action of connecting arms, hinge arms, brackets and suction cups. The cooperation of components such as slide cylinder, linear guide rail, ground rail and slide seat ensures the accuracy and stability of the movement of each mechanism, greatly shortens the glass inspection cycle, effectively reduces manual operation time and error, improves production efficiency, and can meet the needs of large-scale glass production inspection.

[0022] (2) The equipped automated optical detector has high-precision image acquisition and analysis capabilities, which can accurately identify various defects such as scratches, stains, bubbles, and breakage on the glass surface. Before the test, the ion air bar and the fan filter unit purify the equipment operating environment to remove static electricity and dust, avoiding interference from external environmental factors on the test results and further improving the test accuracy. At the same time, the sensor B of the rotating detection mechanism can accurately detect the placement of the glass, ensuring that the glass is stable in position and in good condition during the test, providing a strong guarantee for high-precision detection, effectively preventing unqualified glass from flowing into the subsequent production process and ensuring product quality.

[0023] (3) The safety protection system of the equipment is formed by the guardrail and the locks and buckles on its side. During the operation of the equipment, it can effectively isolate the equipment operating area, prevent staff from accidentally entering the dangerous area, and avoid injury to personnel caused by personnel misoperation or moving parts of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the frame and clamp of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the LCD panel handling robot and the ground track of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection of the rotary cylinder, rotating shaft, and sensor B of this utility model.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Automated optical detector; 2. Guardrail; 3. Frame; 4. Ionizing air bar; 5. Fan filter unit; 6. Ground rail; 7. Flat plate; 8. Slide seat; 9. LCD panel handling robot; 10. Connecting arm; 11. Hinge arm; 12. Ventilation plate; 13. Clamp; 14. Lock; 16. Buckle; 17. Linear guide rail; 18. Slide table cylinder; 19. Guide frame; 20. Floating cylinder; 21. Positioning cylinder; 22. Bracket; 23. Suction cup; 24. Rotary cylinder; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Sensor B; 27. Bearing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped with", "sleeved with", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-6 This utility model provides a technical solution: an AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry, comprising: a protective railing 2, a frame 3 on one side of the protective railing 2, and an automated optical detector 1 on the other side of the protective railing 2;

[0034] Linear guide rail 17 is set on the top of frame 3, and guide seat 19 is slidably connected to the surface of linear guide rail 17. A clamp 13 is set on the top of guide seat 19.

[0035] The ground rail 6 is a heavy-duty linear guide rail of model HIWINQHW30, with a length of approximately 2000mm. It is fixed to the ground with expansion bolts (500mm away from the inner edge of the guardrail 2). The ground rail 6 is located inside the guardrail 2. A slide block 8 is slidably connected to the top of the ground rail 6. A flat plate 7 is set on the top of the slide block 8. A transport mechanism is set on the top of the flat plate 7. Through the cooperation of the transport mechanism, the LCD panel transport robot 9, the connecting arm 10, the hinge arm 11, and the bracket 22, the bracket 22 removes the glass inside the clamp 13 and moves it to the automated optical detector 1 for detection.

[0036] The handling mechanism includes suction cups 23 connected at equal intervals on the surface of the bracket 22. The suction cups 23 are made of silicone. The LCD panel handling robot 9 is mounted on the top of the flat plate 7. The connecting arm 10 is connected to the surface of the LCD panel handling robot 9, and the hinge arm 11 is connected to the surface of the connecting arm 10. The bracket 22 is connected to one side of the hinge arm 11, and a sensor A is provided on the side of the surface of the suction cup 23.

[0037] The top of the frame 3 is located below the guide frame 19 and is equipped with a slide cylinder 18 (model SMCMXQ20-100, stroke 100mm, thrust 500N), and the output end of the slide cylinder 18 is in contact with the guide frame 19.

[0038] A positioning cylinder 21 (model SMCCDQ2B16-30D, stroke 30mm, air pressure 0.4-0.6MPa) is provided on the top side of the guide frame 19, located on the side of the clamp 13. A floating cylinder 20 (model SMCCDQ2B12-20D, stroke 20mm) is provided at the bottom of the clamp 13 between the guide frames 19.

[0039] The top of the frame 3 is equipped with a ventilation plate 12 (a perforated plate with a hole diameter of 5mm). The ventilation plate 12 is fixed to the frame 3 by a bracket, and the ventilation plate 12 is located below the clamp 13 (100mm away from the bottom of the clamp 13). An axial flow fan (1000m³ / h) is installed below it. 3 / h), which can form an upward airflow, carrying away the heat and dust from the clip 13 and the glass surface, while preventing water vapor from condensing on the bottom of the glass due to prolonged placement.

[0040] The side of the guardrail 2 (the edge of each guardrail door) is connected to a lock 14 (model ABUS8300, mechanical interlock structure) via a hinge. A latch 16 is provided on the surface of the guardrail 2 on one side of the lock 14 (corresponding to the position of the lock). The lock 14 and the latch 16 work together to lock the guardrail door. The lock 14 has a built-in limit switch. When the guardrail door is not locked, the equipment cannot be started and operated, forming a safety interlock protection to prevent personnel from opening the guardrail door while the equipment is running.

[0041] The side of the clip 13 is provided with a rotation detection mechanism. The rotation detection mechanism uses a rotating cylinder 24 (model SMCMSQB10R, rotation angle 0-180°, rotation speed 0.5~1s / 90°), a rotating shaft 25 and a sensor B26 to detect the glass on the surface of the clip 13.

[0042] The rotating detection mechanism includes a rotating shaft 25 with a bearing housing 27 (SKF6204, deep groove ball bearing) connected to the top via a set screw. The bearing housing 27 is fixed to the guide frame 19 via a mounting base to ensure smooth rotation of the rotating shaft 25. A rotating cylinder 24 is connected to the top of the guide frame 19 via a flange. The rotating shaft 25 is connected to the output end of the rotating cylinder 24 via a coupling. Sensors B26 are connected at equal intervals to the side of the rotating shaft 25 via brackets, enabling the detection of glass of different heights and avoiding missed detections.

[0043] The top of the frame 3, located above the clip 13 (200mm from the top of the clip 13), is equipped with an ion fan bar 4 (model SIMCOHA-4, ion balance ±5V, static elimination time ≤1s). The ion fan bar 4 is fixed parallel to the clip 13 above it by a bracket (length adapted to the width of the clip 13). It can blow ion wind onto the glass surface inside the clip 13 to neutralize the static electricity on the glass surface (static voltage ≤50V) and prevent the glass from adsorbing dust or sticking together due to static electricity.

[0044] The top of the guardrail 2 is connected to a fan filter unit 5 (model FFU-1200×600, air volume 1500m³) via a bracket. 3 / h, filtration efficiency HEPA (H13), the air outlet of the fan filter unit 5 faces downward, which can deliver clean air into the equipment to form a positive pressure environment and prevent external dust from entering the equipment. At the same time, it works with the ion bar 4 and the ventilation plate 12 to build a clean airflow circulation system inside the equipment.

[0045] Specifically, during use, when an AOI loading and unloading device used in the panel industry is powered on and started, the system first enters the initialization program. The locks 14 and latches 16 on the side of the guardrail 2 will automatically detect whether they are locked. If they are not locked, the device will issue an alarm signal and pause the start-up. Only when the locks 14 and latches 16 are fully engaged, ensuring that the operating area of ​​the device is safely closed, can the initialization program continue. At the same time, the automated optical detector 1 begins to perform internal self-tests, including light source intensity detection, image acquisition system calibration, and detection algorithm initialization. If an abnormality is detected, the device will display the corresponding fault code to facilitate troubleshooting and maintenance by staff. If the self-test is normal, the automated optical detector 1 will enter standby mode, waiting to receive glass inspection tasks.

[0046] The ion air bar 4 on top of the rack 3 will also be activated during the initialization phase to start ion air purification treatment on the area where the clip 13 is located, removing static electricity and dust from the air in the area, providing a clean and static-free environment for the subsequent placement and testing of the glass, avoiding dust adhering to the glass surface and affecting the test results, or static electricity causing the glass to attract impurities and be damaged. The fan filter unit 5 on top of the guardrail 2 will be activated simultaneously, filtering the air inside the equipment through the internal filter device to further purify the equipment operating environment and ensure that particles and impurities in the air will not interfere with the glass testing process.

[0047] The staff places the glass to be tested into the clamp 13 on the top guide frame 19 of the frame 3. After the loading operation is completed, the staff issues a start detection command through the equipment control panel. At this time, the rotating detection mechanism on the side of the clamp 13 starts to work. After receiving the system signal, the rotating cylinder 24 drives the rotating shaft 25 connected to its output end to rotate around the bearing seat 27. Since the sensors B26 are connected at equal intervals on the side of the rotating shaft 25, the rotating shaft 25 will drive the sensors B26 to rotate together. During the rotation, the sensors B26 perform layer-by-layer and all-round detection on the surface of the clamp 13, accurately identify whether the glass is placed in place, whether the number of glass meets the requirements, and whether there is obvious damage or misalignment on the surface of the glass. The detected information is fed back to the equipment control system in real time.

[0048] If sensor B26 detects abnormal glass placement, such as glass not filling the clip 13, glass misalignment, or glass breakage, the equipment control system will immediately issue a warning signal to notify the staff to make adjustments. If the glass placement is normal, the system will send a working command to the slide cylinder 18. The slide cylinder 18 is located at the top of the frame 3 and below the guide frame 19. After receiving the command, its output end extends and contacts the guide frame 19, pushing the guide frame 19 to slide on the linear guide rail 17. The linear guide rail 17 provides precise guidance for the sliding of the guide frame 19, ensuring that the guide frame 19 can move smoothly and accurately to the preset glass picking position.

[0049] Once the guide frame 19 moves to the designated position, the positioning cylinder 21 located on the side of the clamp 13 on the top side of the guide frame 19 is activated. The piston rod of the positioning cylinder 21 extends to clamp and position the clamp 13, preventing it from shaking or shifting during subsequent glass handling and ensuring the stability of the glass position. At the same time, the floating cylinder 20 located between the guide frames 19 at the bottom of the clamp 13 starts to work. The floating cylinder 20 adjusts the height of the clamp 13 according to the actual height and quantity of the glass in the clamp 13 through its own floating adjustment function, so that the glass in the clamp 13 is at the most suitable height position for the handling mechanism to pick up, preparing for the smooth picking up of the glass in the future.

[0050] When the top slide 8 of the ground rail 6 receives the transport command from the equipment control system, the slide 8 begins to slide on the ground rail 6. Since the flat plate 7 is set on the top of the slide 8 and the LCD panel transport robot 9 is installed on the flat plate 7, the sliding of the slide 8 will drive the flat plate 7 and the LCD panel transport robot 9 to move together until the LCD panel transport robot 9 moves to the position directly above the clamp 13.

[0051] Subsequently, the LCD panel handling robot 9, according to the system's preset program, controls the connecting arm 10 connected to its surface to perform telescopic and rotational movements. The connecting arm 10 then drives the hinge arm 11 connected to its surface to perform corresponding actions. The hinge arm 11 further drives the bracket 22 connected on one side to move downward, so that the suction cups 23 connected at equal intervals on the surface of the bracket 22 gradually approach the glass in the clamp 13. As the suction cups 23 approach the glass, the sensor A provided on the side of the surface of the suction cups 23 starts to work, detecting the distance between the suction cups 23 and the glass in real time. When the sensor A detects that the suction cups 23 have reached the optimal position for contact with the glass, the sensor A feeds back the signal to the LCD panel handling robot 9. The robot immediately controls the suction cups 23 to start the negative pressure adsorption function, firmly adsorbing the glass onto the surface of the suction cups 23 to prevent the glass from falling off during the handling process.

[0052] After adsorption is completed, the LCD panel handling robot 9, through the coordinated action of the connecting arm 10 and the hinge arm 11, lifts the bracket 22 and the glass adsorbed on the suction cup 23 upwards. Then, the slide 8 slides in the opposite direction on the ground rail 6, transporting the glass to the entrance of the automated optical detector 1. Next, the LCD panel handling robot 9 readjusts the action of the connecting arm 10 and the hinge arm 11 to slowly and accurately place the glass into the detection platform inside the automated optical detector 1. Then, the suction cup 23 releases the negative pressure and separates from the glass. The bracket 22 resets under the control of the robot, waiting for the next handling task.

[0053] After receiving the signal that the glass has been placed in place, the automated optical detector 1 immediately starts the detection program. During the detection process, the light source inside the automated optical detector 1 emits stable detection light that illuminates the glass surface. The image acquisition system performs all-round image acquisition on the glass surface and transmits the acquired image information to the internal image processing system. The image processing system uses a preset detection algorithm to analyze and process the image, detect whether there are defects such as scratches, stains, bubbles, and damage on the glass surface, and accurately identify and record the location, size, and type of defects. During the detection process, the ventilation plate 12 located on the top of the frame 3 below the clamp 13 continues to function, removing the heat generated during the operation of the equipment through air circulation, preventing the internal temperature of the equipment from being too high and affecting the detection accuracy and normal operation of each component.

[0054] After the automated optical detector 1 completes the glass inspection, it will upload the inspection results (including pass / fail, defect information, etc.) to the MES (Manufacturing Execution System) in real time, so that the production management department can monitor and statistically analyze the production quality of the glass in real time. Regardless of whether the inspection result is pass (OK) or fail (NG), the equipment control system will send a glass reset command to the LCD panel handling robot 9.

[0055] The LCD panel handling robot 9, through the coordinated action of the connecting arm 10, hinged arm 11, bracket 22, and suction cup 23, enters the automated optical detector 1 to pick up the detected glass. Then, following the original handling path, it transports the glass back to its original position in the clamp 13. During the glass return to the clamp 13, the positioning cylinder 21 maintains the positioning state of the clamp 13 to ensure accurate glass return. The floating cylinder 20 also adjusts its height appropriately according to the glass return situation to ensure stable glass placement. After the glass return is completed, the rotating detection mechanism works again, and the sensor B26 detects the returned glass to confirm whether the glass has been accurately returned to its original position. If the detection is normal, the equipment enters the next detection cycle; if an abnormal glass return is detected, the equipment issues an alarm signal and waits for personnel to handle it.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An AOI loading and unloading device for the panel industry, characterized in that, include: A guardrail (2) is provided on one side of the guardrail (2) and an automated optical detector (1) is provided on the other side of the guardrail (2); Linear guide (17) is set on the top of the frame (3), and a guide bracket (19) is slidably connected to the surface of the linear guide (17), and a clip (13) is set on the top of the guide bracket (19). The ground rail (6) is set inside the guardrail (2). The top of the ground rail (6) is slidably connected to a slide block (8). The top of the slide block (8) is provided with a flat plate (7). The top of the flat plate (7) is provided with a transport mechanism. The transport mechanism uses the LCD panel transport robot (9), connecting arm (10), hinge arm (11) and bracket (22) to make the bracket (22) take out the glass inside the clamp (13) and move it to the inside of the automated optical detector (1) for detection.

2. The AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handling mechanism includes suction cups (23) connected at equal intervals on the surface of the bracket (22), the LCD panel handling robot (9) is mounted on the top of the flat plate (7), the connecting arm (10) is connected to the surface of the LCD panel handling robot (9), and the hinge arm (11) is connected to the surface of the connecting arm (10). The bracket (22) is connected to one side of the hinge arm (11), and the suction cup (23) has a sensor A on its side surface.

3. The AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the frame (3) is provided with a slide cylinder (18) located below the guide frame (19), and the output end of the slide cylinder (18) is in contact with the guide frame (19).

4. The AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning cylinder (21) is provided on the top side of the guide frame (19) located on the side of the clamp (13), and a floating cylinder (20) is provided on the bottom of the clamp (13) located between the guide frame (19).

5. The AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the frame (3) is provided with a ventilation plate (12), and the ventilation plate (12) is located below the clamp (13).

6. The AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the guardrail (2) is connected to a lock (14), and a buckle (16) is provided on the surface of the guardrail (2) on one side of the lock (14).

7. The AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the clip (13) is provided with a rotation detection mechanism. Through the cooperation of the rotation cylinder (24), the rotating shaft (25) and the sensor B (26) of the rotation detection mechanism, the sensor B (26) can detect the glass on the surface of the clip (13).

8. An AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating detection mechanism includes a rotating shaft (25) with a bearing seat (27) connected to the top, a rotating cylinder (24) connected to the top of the guide frame (19), a rotating shaft (25) connected to the output end of the rotating cylinder (24), and sensors B (26) connected at equal intervals to the side of the rotating shaft (25).

9. An AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the frame (3) is provided with an ion bar (4) above the clamp (13).

10. An AOI loading and unloading equipment for the panel industry according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the guardrail (2) is connected to a fan filter unit (5).

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