A crane four-bar linkage automatic anchoring device

Abstract

A crane four-link automatic anchoring device relates to crane technology field, including fixed in the anchor seat of track side, the mounting seat of installation in the outrigger and the anchor pin of horizontal pluggable. Anchor pin is driven through four-link mechanism which is composed of telescopic cylinder, first connecting rod, second connecting rod and outrigger, realizes automatic anchoring and release. The device is provided with movable bolt, and emergency manual intervention is facilitated; the adjusting device which is composed of screw sleeve, double screw and adjusting handle is arranged between telescopic cylinder and connecting rod, and stroke can be conveniently fine adjusted. The limiting seat is additionally arranged on the outrigger, the end of anchor pin is constrained, and transverse deviation is prevented; anchor pin adopts rectangular section and cooperates with guide sleeve, avoids rotating jamming, and lubrication measures are supplemented to guarantee long-term smooth operation. The utility model improves anchoring precision, emergency response capability and structural reliability, and significantly enhances the wind safety of crane under bad weather.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crane technology, and in particular to a four-bar automatic anchoring device for cranes. Background Technology

[0002] Rail-mounted cranes, widely used in ports, docks, and large industrial sites, typically require anchoring devices for reliable fixation to prevent slippage, overturning, and other safety accidents in severe weather conditions such as strong winds. Existing anchoring technologies mostly employ manual pins, hydraulic push-type, or electromagnetic locking methods.

[0003] However, these traditional solutions generally suffer from problems such as cumbersome operation, low automation, and insufficient reliability. For example, manual anchoring relies on human intervention, which is not only inefficient in severe weather but also poses significant safety risks. While hydraulic direct-push structures can achieve automatic insertion and removal, they require extremely high installation precision and are prone to misalignment of the pin and anchoring hole due to track settlement or structural deformation during long-term use, leading to jamming or even failure.

[0004] Furthermore, some existing automatic anchoring devices lack effective motion guidance and force transmission optimization mechanisms, which can easily lead to off-center loading and accelerated wear during insertion and removal, affecting service life and anchoring reliability. More critically, most existing structures fail to effectively and stably convert the linear motion of the drive element into the horizontal insertion and removal action required by the anchoring pin, resulting in slow system response, high energy consumption, and a lack of redundancy in the event of sudden power outages or hydraulic failures.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of anchoring device that is compact, reliable in motion, highly automated, and has a certain tolerance for installation errors, in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and improve the safety protection level of cranes under extreme working conditions. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model discloses a crane four-link automatic anchoring device.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A crane four-bar automatic anchoring device includes:

[0009] Anchoring seat, installed on one side of the crane's traveling rail;

[0010] Mounting bracket, installed on the crane outriggers;

[0011] An anchoring pin is horizontally and movably inserted into the mounting base; one end of the anchoring pin can be inserted into the anchoring base to achieve the anchoring function.

[0012] The first connecting rod is hinged at one end to the end of the anchoring pin that is away from the anchoring seat;

[0013] The second link is hinged at one end to the crane outrigger and at the other end to the first link near the anchor pin.

[0014] The telescopic cylinder is hinged at one end to the end of the first connecting rod away from the anchor pin, and at the other end to the crane outrigger.

[0015] The telescopic cylinder, the first link, the second link, and the crane outrigger together constitute a four-bar linkage drive mechanism, which drives the anchor pin to perform horizontal insertion and extraction actions.

[0016] Preferably, the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the first connecting rod via a movable pin.

[0017] Preferably, an adjustment device is installed between the telescopic cylinder and the first connecting rod; the adjustment device includes:

[0018] Screw sleeve;

[0019] The first screw is threaded to one end of the screw sleeve and hinged to the telescopic cylinder at the other end.

[0020] The second screw has a thread direction opposite to that of the first screw. One end of the second screw is threadedly connected to the other end of the screw sleeve, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod.

[0021] Preferably, the screw sleeve is equipped with an adjusting handle.

[0022] Preferably, the crane outrigger is fitted with a limiting seat at the position corresponding to the mounting seat, and the limiting seat and the mounting seat have an opening that allows the anchoring seat to pass through; during anchoring, the anchoring pin can pass through the anchoring seat and be inserted into the limiting seat.

[0023] Preferably, the anchor pin has a rectangular cross-section, and the mounting base is provided with a guide sleeve that slides and adapts to the anchor pin.

[0024] Preferably, the telescopic cylinder is an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0025] By adopting the technical solution described above, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The anchoring seat fixedly installed on one side of the crane's traveling track ensures that the crane can be accurately positioned and reliably anchored against the wind. The anchoring pin and the mounting seat are connected by a horizontally movable plug-in method, which not only supports the horizontal movement of the anchoring pin, but also ensures the accuracy and stability of the insertion operation. The four-bar linkage driven mechanism, consisting of the first link, the second link, and the telescopic cylinder, can convert linear motion into horizontal insertion and extraction motion, thereby realizing the automatic insertion or extraction of the anchoring pin. This design effectively improves the safety of the crane under adverse weather conditions.

[0027] (2) To further improve the emergency response capability of the equipment in case of emergencies, this utility model provides a movable pin between the telescopic cylinder and the first connecting rod, allowing manual disconnection in emergency situations. This allows the operator to directly control the anchoring pin, significantly improving emergency response speed and operational flexibility. Furthermore, the added adjustment device includes a threaded sleeve, a first screw, and a second screw. By tightening the threaded sleeve, the distance between the telescopic cylinder and the first connecting rod can be finely adjusted, thereby adjusting the stroke length of the anchoring pin to ensure accurate insertion. The design of the adjustment handle facilitates quick manual adjustment of the adjustment device without the need for special tools, greatly improving the convenience of maintenance and emergency operation.

[0028] (3) This utility model further includes a limiting seat fixedly installed on the crane outrigger at the position corresponding to the mounting seat. This limiting seat applies radial constraint to the end of the anchor pin, effectively limiting lateral displacement during operation, reducing bending moment, preventing jamming caused by bending deformation, and enhancing structural reliability and service life. The cross-section of the anchor pin is designed to be rectangular and matches the guide sleeve inside the mounting seat, preventing possible rotation around the axis during insertion and removal, and avoiding abnormal force at the hinge point that could cause the mechanism to jam or even be damaged. Regularly adding lubricating oil or grease to the inside of the guide sleeve reduces frictional resistance, ensuring that the anchor pin can still maintain smooth operation during long-term use, and extending the maintenance cycle of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anchorage structure;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the regulating device.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Anchor seat; 2. Mounting seat; 3. Anchor pin; 4. First connecting rod; 5. Second connecting rod; 6. Telescopic cylinder; 7. Movable pin; 8. Adjustment device; 8-1. Screw sleeve; 8-2. First screw; 8-3. Second screw; 8-4. Adjustment handle; 9. Limit seat. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use. They are only used to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Combined with appendix Figures 1-2 An automatic four-bar linkage anchoring device for cranes includes an anchoring seat 1, a mounting base 2, an anchoring pin 3, and a four-bar linkage drive mechanism for driving the anchoring pin 3. The anchoring seat 1 is fixedly installed on one side of the crane's traveling track, and its location is the designated anchoring position of the crane. The mounting base 2 is fixedly installed on the crane's outriggers, and this mounting base 2 supports and guides the movement of the anchoring pin 3. The anchoring pin 3 is connected to the mounting base 2 via a horizontally movable insertion method, allowing it to reciprocate horizontally within the mounting base 2. When the crane needs to be anchored against wind, it travels to the preset anchoring position, at which point one end of the anchoring pin 3 can accurately insert into the corresponding hole in the anchoring seat 1, thereby achieving reliable anchoring of the crane and preventing displacement or overturning under severe conditions such as strong winds.

[0038] The four-bar linkage consists of a first link 4, a second link 5, and a telescopic cylinder 6. One end of the first link 4 is hinged to the end of the anchor pin 3 away from the anchor seat 1. One end of the second link 5 is hinged to the crane outrigger, and the other end is hinged to the first link 4 near the anchor pin 3. One end of the telescopic cylinder 6 is hinged to the end of the first link 4 away from the anchor pin 3, and the other end is also hinged to the crane outrigger. The telescopic cylinder 6 can be any of an electric cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or pneumatic cylinder. Its telescopic movement drives the first link 4 to rotate around the hinge point, thereby driving the anchor pin 3 to complete the horizontal insertion or extraction action through the linkage transmission relationship. The telescopic cylinder 6, the first link 4, the second link 5, and the crane outrigger together constitute a complete four-bar linkage mechanism, which can convert the linear motion of the telescopic cylinder 6 into the horizontal insertion and extraction motion required by the anchor pin 3. Once the crane reaches the anchoring position, the control system can automatically trigger the telescopic cylinder 6 to automatically insert the anchoring pin 3, thus completing the anchoring process.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] Combined with appendix Figures 1-3 An automatic four-bar linkage anchoring device for cranes is proposed, with structural optimization based on Embodiment 1. The difference from Embodiment 1 lies in the hinged connection between the telescopic cylinder 6 and the first linkage 4 via a movable pin 7. This movable pin 7 can be manually pulled out in an emergency, disengaging the telescopic cylinder 6 from the first linkage 4. When the telescopic cylinder 6 malfunctions and cannot properly drive the anchoring pin 3, the operator can manually operate the first linkage 4 to directly control the anchoring pin 3 to insert or remove it, thereby achieving anchoring or unlocking, significantly improving the device's emergency operation capability in unexpected situations.

[0041] Furthermore, an adjusting device 8 is added between the telescopic cylinder 6 and the first connecting rod 4. The adjusting device 8 includes a threaded sleeve 8-1, a first screw 8-2, and a second screw 8-3. One end of the threaded sleeve 8-1 is threadedly connected to the first screw 8-2, and the other end of the first screw 8-2 is hinged to the telescopic cylinder 6; the other end of the threaded sleeve 8-1 is threadedly connected to the second screw 8-3, and the other end of the second screw 8-3 is hinged to the first connecting rod 4.

[0042] The threads of the first screw 8-2 and the second screw 8-3 have opposite directions of rotation. Therefore, when the sleeve 8-1 is tightened, the two screws will move inward or outward simultaneously, thereby changing the total length between them. This structure allows for fine-tuning of the relative distance between the telescopic cylinder 6 and the first connecting rod 4, thereby adjusting the stroke length of the anchor pin 3 to ensure accurate and reliable insertion into the anchor seat 1, avoiding insertion failure due to manufacturing or installation errors.

[0043] In addition, when it is necessary to insert or remove the movable pin 7, the distance between the first screw 8-2 and the second screw 8-3 can be changed by adjusting the screw sleeve 8-1, thereby releasing the preload of the hinge part, making it easier to pull out or insert the movable pin 7, and improving the convenience of maintenance and emergency operation.

[0044] Furthermore, an adjusting handle 8-4 is installed on the outer side of the rod of the threaded sleeve 8-1. This adjusting handle 8-4 provides an application point for the operator, making it easy to manually tighten the threaded sleeve 8-1 without special tools, thereby achieving quick adjustment of the adjusting device 8.

[0045] Example 3:

[0046] Combined with appendix Figure 1 An automatic four-bar linkage anchoring device for cranes is further improved by adding a limiting structure based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. Specifically, a limiting seat 9 is fixedly installed on the crane outrigger at the position corresponding to the mounting seat 2. An opening is provided between the limiting seat 9 and the mounting seat 2, and the size of the opening is sufficient to allow the anchoring seat 1 to pass smoothly after the crane has moved into position. In the anchored state, the anchoring pin 3 passes through the anchoring seat 1 in sequence and is inserted into the limiting seat 9. At this time, the anchoring seat 1 is located between the mounting seat 2 and the limiting seat 9, and the end of the anchoring pin 3 is covered by the limiting seat 9. This structure applies radial constraint to the end of the anchoring pin 3 through the limiting seat 9, effectively limiting its lateral displacement under stress, thereby significantly reducing the bending moment borne by the anchoring pin 3 during operation, preventing it from getting stuck in the anchoring seat 1 or mounting seat 2 due to bending deformation, and improving the structural reliability and service life of the entire anchoring device.

[0047] Furthermore, the anchor pin 3 has a rectangular cross-section, and the mounting base 2 contains a guide sleeve that matches this rectangular cross-section. This guide sleeve not only provides horizontal sliding support for the anchor pin 3 but also effectively prevents it from rotating around its axis during insertion and removal. If the anchor pin 3 rotates during movement, it will cause abnormal stress on the hinge points of the four-bar linkage, potentially leading to jamming or even damage to the mechanism. Therefore, the matching structure between the rectangular cross-section and the guide sleeve is crucial for ensuring the normal operation of the mechanism. To maintain good motion performance, operators can periodically add lubricating oil or grease to the inside of the guide sleeve to reduce frictional resistance and ensure that the anchor pin 3 maintains smooth insertion and removal during long-term use.

[0048] The parts of this utility model not described in detail are prior art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that this utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and are intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of equivalents within this utility model.

Claims

1. A four-bar linkage automatic anchoring device for cranes, characterized in that, include: Anchor seat (1) is installed on one side of the crane's traveling rail; Mounting bracket (2) is installed on the crane outrigger; Anchor pin (3) is horizontally and movably inserted into mounting base (2); one end of anchor pin (3) can be inserted into anchor base (1) to achieve anchoring function; The first connecting rod (4) is hinged at one end to the end of the anchoring pin (3) that is away from the anchoring seat (1); The second link (5) is hinged at one end to the crane outrigger and at the other end to the position of the first link (4) near the anchor pin (3); The telescopic cylinder (6) is hinged at one end to the end of the first connecting rod (4) away from the anchor pin (3), and at the other end to the crane outrigger. The telescopic cylinder (6), the first link (4), the second link (5) and the crane outrigger together constitute a four-bar linkage drive mechanism, which drives the anchor pin (3) to perform horizontal insertion and extraction actions.

2. The crane four-link automatic anchoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinder (6) is hinged to the first connecting rod (4) via a movable pin (7).

3. The crane four-link automatic anchoring device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: An adjusting device (8) is installed between the telescopic cylinder (6) and the first connecting rod (4); the adjusting device (8) includes: Screw sleeve (8-1); The first screw (8-2) is threaded at one end to one end of the screw sleeve (8-1), and hinged at the other end to the telescopic cylinder (6); The second screw (8-3) has the opposite thread direction to the first screw (8-2). One end of the second screw (8-3) is threaded to the other end of the screw sleeve (8-1), and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod (4).

4. The crane four-link automatic anchoring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The screw sleeve (8-1) has an adjusting handle (8-4) installed on its shaft.

5. The crane four-link automatic anchoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crane outrigger is fitted with a limiting seat (9) at the position corresponding to the mounting seat (2). The limiting seat (9) and the mounting seat (2) have an opening that allows the anchoring seat (1) to pass through. When anchoring, the anchoring pin (3) can pass through the anchoring seat (1) and be inserted into the limiting seat (9).

6. The crane four-link automatic anchoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor pin (3) has a rectangular cross-section, and the mounting base (2) is provided with a guide sleeve that is slidably adapted to the anchor pin (3).

7. The crane four-link automatic anchoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinder (6) is an electric cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a pneumatic cylinder.

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