Hoisting apparatus

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery application technology discloses a hoisting equipment, including excavator and hoist device, excavator includes machine body and sets up drive arm subassembly at machine body front end, hoist device sets up at the front end of drive arm subassembly in detachable mode, hoist device includes connecting mechanism and hoist subassembly, connecting mechanism includes connecting axle and connecting seat, and connecting axle is detachable connection with connecting seat and drive arm subassembly respectively, and hoist subassembly sets up at the bottom of connecting mechanism and is connected with connecting mechanism, the utility model discloses a hoist device is detachably arranged at the front end of excavator, and the hoist device is connected with the drive arm subassembly through setting up the connecting mechanism including connecting axle and connecting seat, realizes the convenient connection and separation, guarantees the stable conduction of load in the hoisting process, can also replace the hoist of different specifications according to actual working condition, reduces the rollover risk caused by gravity center deviation in the construction of steep slope, reduces the topography transformation cost and construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery application technology, and in particular to a hoisting device. Background Technology

[0002] This section provides only background information relevant to this disclosure and is not necessarily prior art.

[0003] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of the global snow and ice industry, the demand for alpine ski slope construction has surged. However, steep terrain (such as some ski resorts with a maximum slope of 40.2%) poses a severe challenge to the hoisting of equipment and materials. Traditional construction mainly relies on large-scale specialized pipe-lifting machines, which use tracked chassis and crane arms to lift heavy objects. However, in steep slope environments, these machines are prone to tipping over due to their high center of gravity and high ground pressure. Furthermore, they require the construction of additional access roads, resulting in high deployment costs and low construction efficiency. Manual handling methods, on the other hand, suffer from high labor intensity, low work efficiency, and significant safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve the problems of traditional hoisting equipment being prone to tipping over, high cost, and manual handling being inefficient and risky during construction on steep slopes in high-altitude snow tracks. This objective is achieved through the following technical solution: This utility model proposes a hoisting device, comprising: An excavator, including a body and a drive arm assembly disposed at the front end of the body; A lifting device is detachably mounted on the front end of the drive arm assembly. The lifting device includes a connecting mechanism and a lifting assembly. The connecting mechanism includes a connecting shaft and a connecting seat. The connecting shaft is detachably connected to the connecting seat and the drive arm assembly, respectively. The lifting assembly is located at the bottom of the connecting mechanism and connected to the connecting mechanism.

[0005] This utility model's lifting equipment features a lifting device that can be quickly and easily detached from the front end of an excavator. This lifting device, through a connecting mechanism including a connecting shaft and a connecting seat, allows for convenient connection and separation from the drive boom assembly. The connecting shaft provides reliable hinged positioning, and the connecting seat ensures even force transmission, guaranteeing stable load transmission during lifting. It also allows for quick replacement of different specifications of lifting devices according to actual working conditions. Furthermore, the excavator's low center of gravity and high stability, compared to the large lifting devices and high center of gravity design of traditional dedicated pipe-laying machines, reduce the risk of rollover due to center of gravity shift during steep slope construction. It also eliminates the need for dedicated access roads required by traditional pipe-laying machines due to their high center of gravity, reducing terrain modification costs and construction time. The flexible movement of the drive boom assembly allows direct access to steep slope work points, balancing safety, terrain adaptability, ease of operation, and economy in steep slope construction.

[0006] In addition, the hoisting equipment according to this utility model may also have the following additional technical features: In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting seat includes a base plate and two connecting plates disposed on the base plate. The base plate extends along a first direction and has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other in a second direction. The two connecting plates are disposed on the first surface and are respectively disposed at both ends of the base plate in the first direction. The two connecting plates extend along the second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0007] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting seat further includes a lifting point plate, which is disposed on the second surface, and the lifting device assembly is connected to the connecting seat through the lifting point plate.

[0008] In some embodiments of this utility model, the lifting device assembly includes a shackle and a hook, one end of the shackle is connected to the lifting point plate, and the other end of the shackle is connected to the hook.

[0009] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting seat further includes at least two reinforcing members. The two reinforcing members are disposed on the first surface and respectively disposed at the connection between the base plate and the two connecting plates. The reinforcing members are used to strengthen the strength of the connecting seat.

[0010] In some embodiments of this utility model, the reinforcing member includes a reinforcing plate having a first side and a second side that are perpendicular to each other. The first side is connected to the connecting plate, and the second side is connected to the base plate.

[0011] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting mechanism further includes fasteners, both connecting plates are provided with first connecting holes, the driving arm assembly includes a driving arm, the driving arm is provided with a second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole, the connecting shaft passes through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively provided with third connecting holes, and the fastener is connected to the third connecting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting mechanism further includes a limiting component, which is used to limit the connecting shaft. The limiting component includes two limiting plates disposed on opposite sides of the two connecting plates. The limiting plate is provided with a fourth connecting hole corresponding to the third connecting hole. The fastener passes through the fourth connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the third connecting hole.

[0013] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting shaft is made of CrMo alloy steel.

[0014] In some embodiments of this utility model, the hoisting equipment further includes: An inclination sensor, mounted on the body, is used to detect the tilt angle of the body relative to the horizontal plane; The controller is electrically connected to the tilt sensor and is used to acquire the tilt angle and determine whether the tilt angle exceeds a preset safety threshold. An alarm device is electrically connected to the controller. When the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds the safety threshold, the controller controls the alarm device to issue an alarm signal. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the hoisting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the lifting device assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown from a first perspective. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lifting device assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown from a second perspective. Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the hoisting method employed by the hoisting equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.

[0016] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Lifting equipment; 10. Lifting device; 21. Machine body; 22. Drive boom assembly; 23. First hydraulic cylinder; 24. Second hydraulic cylinder; 25. Third hydraulic cylinder; 26. Tracks; 100. Connecting shaft; 200. Connecting seat; 201. Base plate; 202. Connecting plate; 203. Suspension point plate; 204. Reinforcing plate; 300. Lifting gear assembly; 301. Shackle; 302. Hook; 400. Fasteners; 500, Limiting plate; X, first direction; Y, the second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0018] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0019] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0020] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" would subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a lifting device 1 is proposed, including an excavator and a lifting device 10. The excavator includes a body 21 and a drive arm assembly 22 disposed at the front end of the body 21. The lifting device 10 is detachably disposed at the front end of the drive arm assembly 22 and drives the drive arm assembly 22 to move by means of a first hydraulic cylinder 23, a second hydraulic cylinder 24 and a third hydraulic cylinder 25. The excavator also includes tracks 26, which are walking devices. The tracks 26 contact the ground through multiple sets of track plates on both sides, and provide stable grip by utilizing the high frictional resistance between the tracks 26 and the ground. The lifting device 10 includes a connecting mechanism and a lifting assembly 300. The connecting mechanism includes a connecting shaft 100 and a connecting seat 200. The connecting shaft 100 is used to achieve an axially detachable connection, and the connecting seat 200 is a base for fixing and transmitting loads. The connecting shaft 100 is detachably connected to the connecting seat 200 and the drive arm assembly 22, respectively, to achieve quick assembly and disassembly of the drive arm assembly 22 and the lifting assembly 300. The connecting seat 200 is rigidly connected to the end of the drive arm assembly 22. The connecting shaft 100 acts as an axial constraint to directly transmit the lifting force of the drive arm assembly 22 to the lifting assembly 300, ensuring that the load path is not dispersed during the lifting process and avoiding structural failure caused by local stress concentration. The lifting assembly 300 is located at the bottom of the connecting mechanism and connected to the connecting mechanism. The lifting assembly 300 is used to hook, grab, or fix the materials or equipment to be lifted. Its form can be flexibly selected according to the actual working conditions. Only the type of lifting device at the bottom of the connecting mechanism needs to be adjusted, without replacing the entire equipment, which improves the adaptability of the equipment to multiple working conditions.

[0022] During installation, first, shut down the excavator engine and lock the hydraulic system to cut off the power source and prevent the stick from malfunctioning. Then, remove the original bucket and stick connecting pin and positioning bolts to completely remove the original bucket. Next, fix the connecting seat 200 at the end of the stick and securely fasten the connecting seat 200 to the stick lug plate through the connecting shaft 100 to achieve mechanical connection. Finally, install the lifting device 300 onto the connecting seat 200, thereby enabling the lifting device 10 to be detachably installed at the front end of the excavator drive boom assembly 22, making it adaptable to the lifting operation requirements in steep terrain.

[0023] The lifting equipment 1 of this utility model is equipped with a lifting device 10 that can be quickly detached and installed at the front end of an excavator. The lifting device 10 is connected to and separated from the drive arm assembly 22 by a connecting mechanism including a connecting shaft 100 and a connecting seat 200. The connecting shaft 100 provides reliable hinged positioning, and the connecting seat 200 ensures uniform force transmission. This not only ensures stable load transmission during lifting, but also allows for quick replacement of different specifications of lifting devices according to actual working conditions. At the same time, the excavator has a low center of gravity and high stability. Compared with the large lifting device and high center of gravity design of traditional special pipe-laying machines, it reduces the risk of rollover caused by center of gravity shift during steep slope construction. It also eliminates the need for a special access road that must be built for traditional pipe-laying machines due to their high center of gravity, reducing terrain modification costs and construction time, and shortening the construction cycle. Furthermore, the flexible mobility of the drive arm assembly 22 allows it to directly reach the steep slope work point, taking into account the safety, terrain adaptability, ease of operation, and economy of steep slope construction.

[0024] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting shaft 100 is made of CrMo alloy steel, that is, alloy steel containing chromium and molybdenum, specifically 42CrMo alloy steel, with a shear strength ≥785MPa. This effectively eliminates the risk of shear failure caused by the self-weight of the lifting device assembly 300, material load and dynamic impact during the lifting process, ensuring that the connecting shaft 100 can bear load stably for a long time under the complex working conditions of steep slopes, and ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the lifting equipment 1.

[0025] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting seat 200 includes a base plate 201 and two connecting plates 202 disposed on the base plate 201. The base plate 201 extends along a first direction X and has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other in a second direction Y. The two connecting plates 202 are disposed on the first surface and are respectively disposed at both ends of the base plate 201 in the first direction X. The two connecting plates 202 extend along the second direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0026] Specifically, the connecting seat 200 is a flat plate structure extending along the first direction X, i.e., the horizontal direction. As the load-bearing foundation of the connecting seat 200, it directly bears the horizontal load transmitted by the lifting assembly 300 and evenly distributes the pressure through the contact surface with the boom lug plate, avoiding local stress concentration. The two connecting plates 202 are symmetrically arranged on the first surface of the base plate 201 by welding process, and are located on the left and right sides of the base plate 201 in the first direction X, respectively. Welding makes the connecting plates 202 and the base plate 201 form an inseparable rigid whole, with no gaps or relative displacement between them, improving the structural reliability during the lifting process. Both connecting plates 202 extend upward along the second direction Y, i.e., the vertical direction, forming a hinged or fixed node with the boom lug plate. They mainly bear the vertical lifting force of the lifting assembly 300. The vertically extending structural design transmits the load along the boom axis, reducing the risk of boom deformation caused by eccentric loading and improving the lifting stability. Both connecting plates 202 are provided with first connecting holes, and the boom lug plate is provided with second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes. The inner sidewalls of the two connecting plates 202 are fitted against the sidewalls of the boom lug plate. A connecting shaft 100 passes through the first connecting holes and the second connecting holes to achieve vertical hinge or fixation. Finite element static analysis verifies that the stress distribution of the connecting seat 200 is uniform under the maximum lifting load condition, and the maximum stress value is significantly lower than the allowable stress of the material (safety factor > 2.0), which can ensure long-term safe and reliable operation of the lifting operation.

[0027] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting seat 200 further includes a lifting point plate 203, which is disposed on the second surface. The lifting tool assembly 300 is connected to the connecting seat 200 through the lifting point plate 203. The lifting point plate 203 is fixed to the center of the second surface of the base plate 201 by welding, bolting, or integral casting. The lifting tool assembly 300 directly connects to the lifting point plate 203, thereby establishing a complete load transfer path of lifting tool assembly 300 → lifting point plate 203 → base plate 201 → connecting plate 202 → boom lug plate. The lifting point plate 203 is an intermediate transition component between the connecting seat 200 and the lifting tool assembly 300, used to accurately transfer the load of the lifting tool assembly 300 to the connecting seat 200, and finally to the excavator boom through the connecting seat 200. This avoids local stress concentration that may occur when the lifting tool assembly 300 is directly connected to the base plate 201, ensuring a clear and stable load transfer path during lifting, and improving the overall structure's anti-overturning ability and lifting safety.

[0028] In some embodiments of this utility model, the lifting device assembly 300 includes a shackle 301 and a hook 302. One end of the shackle 301 is connected to the lifting point plate 203, and the other end of the shackle 301 is connected to the hook 302.

[0029] Specifically, shackle 301 is an arc-shaped shackle 301, serving as an intermediate transition component connecting lifting point plate 203 and hook 302. Its rated load is 20 tons. One end of shackle 301 is hinged to the pin hole at the top of lifting point plate 203 via a cross pin, while the other end is fixed to the top of hook 302, enabling a rotatable connection between hook 302 and lifting point plate 203. Hook 302 is an American-style hook 302 with a safety shackle, serving as the final load-bearing component for lifting operations. The safety shackle can rotate outwards under external force, facilitating the widening of the opening when hooking. In the absence of external force, it automatically springs back to the closed position via its own elasticity or mechanical limit, tightly securing the sling, such as a sling or wire rope, preventing accidental slippage. The aforementioned shackle 301 and hook 302 combine high-tonnage load-bearing capacity, dynamic anti-slip properties, flexible operation, and ease of maintenance, ensuring the safety, reliability, and efficiency of equipment and material lifting in steep mountain snowfield environments.

[0030] In this embodiment, a steel wire rope is also included as a flexible load-bearing component. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the hook 302 by means of shackle 301, lifting ring, or direct winding, and the other end is reliably fixed to the heavy object to be lifted, such as steel pipe, steel component, equipment box, etc. The steel wire rope is a 6×19+FC type steel wire rope with a diameter of 24mm and a breaking tensile strength of 320kN, which is suitable for 10-ton loads and ensures the structural safety of the lifting process.

[0031] In other embodiments, high-strength synthetic fiber slings can be used instead of steel wire ropes, which is suitable for scenarios where the surface protection of the hoisted object is required to be high. It is necessary to ensure that the load-bearing capacity and safety factor of the slings meet the standards.

[0032] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting seat 200 further includes at least two reinforcing members. These two reinforcing members are disposed on the first surface and respectively located at the connection points between the base plate 201 and the two connecting plates 202. The reinforcing members are used to enhance the strength of the connecting seat 200. By providing reinforcing members at the connection points between the base plate 201 and the two connecting plates 202, the concentrated stress transmitted from the connecting plates 202 to the base plate 201 during hoisting can be evenly distributed over a wider area, improving the shear and bending resistance of the connection points, effectively protecting against the risk of deformation or cracking caused by localized stress concentration, ensuring the overall structural stability and reliability, and extending the service life.

[0033] In some embodiments of this utility model, the reinforcing member includes a reinforcing plate 204, which has a first side and a second side that are perpendicular to each other. The first side is connected to the connecting plate 202, and the second side is connected to the base plate 201.

[0034] Specifically, the reinforcing plate 204 is a right-angled triangle or an approximately right-angled triangle, with two mutually perpendicular first and second sides. The third side can be a hypotenuse or a transitional arc. The first side is perpendicularly attached to the inner wall of the connecting plate 202 and can be connected by welding or high-strength bolts, directly attaching to the vertical stress area at the connection between the connecting plate 202 and the base plate 201. The second side is perpendicularly attached to the first surface of the base plate 201, dispersing concentrated stress along the first and second sides to a larger area of ​​the base material, thus avoiding stress concentration. In addition, the mutually perpendicular first and second sides form a stable right-angled support structure, which together with the base plate 201 and the connecting plate 202 forms a stable triangular mechanical structure, improving the shear and bending resistance at the connection and preventing relative displacement or cracking of the base plate 201 and the connecting plate 202 under long-term hoisting loads.

[0035] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting mechanism further includes fasteners 400. Third connecting holes are respectively provided at both ends of the connecting shaft 100, and the fasteners 400 are connected to the third connecting holes. During installation, firstly, the connection positions of the two connecting plates 202 of the connecting seat 200 and the end lugs of the boom are aligned, ensuring that the second connecting hole of the connecting plate 202 and the first connecting hole of the lug of the drive arm assembly 22 are coaxial, ensuring that the connecting shaft 100 can pass through smoothly. Then, the connecting shaft 100 is horizontally inserted into the first and second connecting holes, and fasteners 400 are installed in the third connecting holes at both ends of the connecting shaft 100. The fasteners 400 are bolts and nuts, and the third connecting holes are threaded holes. The bolts are locked by passing through the open holes and threaded holes at the ends of the connecting shaft 100, and then tightened with nuts, achieving quick assembly and disassembly, improving construction flexibility and hoisting safety.

[0036] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting mechanism further includes a limiting component, which is used to limit the connecting shaft 100. The limiting component includes two limiting plates 500 disposed on opposite sides of the two connecting plates 202. The limiting plate 500 is provided with a fourth connecting hole corresponding to the third connecting hole. The fastener 400 passes through the fourth connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the third connecting hole.

[0037] Specifically, two limiting plates 500 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the two connecting plates 202 of the connecting seat 200, that is, one limiting plate 500 is located on the outer side of the connecting plate 202, and the other is located on the other outer side of the opposite connecting plate 202. The two limiting plates 500 are symmetrically distributed. Each limiting plate 500 has a fourth connecting hole corresponding to the third connecting hole at the end of the connecting shaft 100. There are multiple fourth connecting holes, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the limiting plate 500. The diameter of the fourth connecting hole is the same as that of the third connecting hole to ensure concentricity, and the position of the fourth connecting hole is aligned with the third connecting hole. By setting the fourth connecting hole and the third connecting hole to be threadedly connected, the limiting plate 500 can be tightly pressed against the outer side of the connecting plate 202, thereby forming an axial limit on the connecting shaft 100, preventing the connecting shaft 100 from coming out, and further improving the safety of the hoisting process.

[0038] In some embodiments of this utility model, the hoisting equipment 1 further includes a tilt sensor, a controller, and an alarm device. The tilt sensor is mounted on the body 21 and is used to detect the tilt angle of the body 21 relative to the horizontal plane. The controller is electrically connected to the tilt sensor and is used to acquire the tilt angle and determine whether the tilt angle exceeds a preset safety threshold. The alarm device is electrically connected to the controller; when the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds the safety threshold, the controller controls the alarm device to issue an alarm signal.

[0039] Specifically, the tilt sensor is a dual-axis tilt sensor with a measurement range of ±30° and an accuracy of ±0.1°. The tilt sensor is bolted to the slewing platform of the excavator's body 21 and positioned near the bottom of the cab. In complex terrain such as high-altitude snowy slopes, the tilt of the machine body 21 may originate from longitudinal or lateral slopes in the direction of travel. Single-direction detection is prone to missing critical risks. The tilting lifting device 1 in this embodiment uses dual-axis measurement to simultaneously acquire the tilt angles along the travel direction and laterally, further improving the safety and reliability of the lifting operation. The controller, the core control unit of the hoisting equipment 1, is an embedded PLC or microcontroller system. It is electrically connected to the tilt sensor via signal lines, receiving the tilt angle electrical signal output by the sensor. The controller has a built-in preset program that stores safety threshold parameters, such as a 40% slope along the snow track and a maximum lateral slope of 8%. The tilt sensor measures the slope at the excavator's location in real time, and the controller acquires the tilt angle data from the sensor. When the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds the threshold, it immediately outputs a control signal to the alarm device, reminding the operator to move to a gentler area to avoid working on dangerous slopes. By setting up the tilt sensor, controller, and alarm device, the tilt angle of the machine body 21 can be monitored in real time and an automatic alarm can be triggered when the threshold is exceeded, effectively preventing safety accidents caused by machine instability of the hoisting equipment 1 and improving operational safety under complex conditions on steep slopes.

[0040] To adapt to the needs of hoisting operations, the following adjustments were made to the excavator control system: (1) The original rapid response mode for excavation operations was switched to a smooth control mode for hoisting, reducing the sensitivity of the handle and eliminating load swing caused by sudden start and stop. Specifically, through the excavator's central control system (such as the ECU controller of SY500H), a new "hoisting mode" option was added: after the operator selects this mode through the display screen in the cab, the system automatically triggers parameter adjustment without disassembling the hardware. In the original excavation mode, when the handle stroke reaches 30%, the hydraulic system outputs 80% of the maximum flow (rapid response to excavation needs); after the mode switch, in the hoisting mode, the handle stroke must reach 70% before outputting 80% of the maximum flow, and the flow rate curve changes from "linear steep" to "linear flat" (e.g., for every 10% increase in stroke, the flow rate increment decreases from 15% to 8%), reducing the "sensitivity" of the handle operation. (2) Adaptive adjustment of the hydraulic system: pressure sensors were added to the lifting and slewing oil circuits to monitor load changes in real time and automatically adjust the hydraulic flow to ensure smooth operation. (3) Visual positioning assistance: A wide-angle camera is installed in the cab to display the position of hook 302 in real time. A display screen is integrated in the cab to improve the accuracy of operation.

[0041] The hoisting equipment 1 of this utility model employs the following hoisting method during hoisting: Figure 4 As shown, the hoisting methods include: S1: Based on the steep slope inclination angle θ, the excavator's self-weight G, the excavator's center of gravity height h, and the friction coefficient μ between the excavator's track 26 and the ground, a mechanical model is established that includes sliding stability along the slope and overturning stability around the outer edge of the track 26. S2: Perform sliding stability verification: according to the formula Determine the excavator's lifting load F 吊 Whether the anti-slip requirements along the slope are met under the action, where μ is the coefficient of friction between track 26 and the ground. Specifically, the sliding stability along the slope needs to resist the lifting load (F). 吊 The downward force of the excavator's own weight (G) in the slope direction, combined with the anti-slip resistance provided by the friction between the tracks 26 and the ground, wherein, For the total downward force, To determine the maximum anti-slip friction force, the excavator is judged when lifting load F. 吊 To determine whether the anti-slip requirements along the slope are met under the action of the load, the total sliding force and the maximum anti-slip friction force are calculated separately. If the total sliding force does not exceed the maximum anti-slip friction force, the anti-slip requirements are met; otherwise, they are not met, meaning there is a risk of slippage, and the slope needs to be adjusted or the load reduced.

[0042] S3: Perform overturning stability calculation: taking the outer edge of track 26 as the overturning point, according to the formula... The determination is made to determine whether the anti-overturning moment is greater than the overturning moment, where b is the width of the excavator track 26 and L is the length of the excavator's drive boom assembly 22. Specifically, the overturning stability around the outer edge of the track 26 takes the outer edge of the track 26 as the potential overturning fulcrum and requires ensuring that the anti-overturning moment, i.e., the moment generated by the excavator's self-weight G and the width b of the track 26, is greater than the overturning moment, i.e., the moment generated by the lifting load F. 吊 The torque generated by the length L of the drive arm assembly 22, wherein, To resist overturning moment, To determine whether the excavator will overturn under the current slope and load, the anti-overturning moment and the overturning moment are calculated separately. If the anti-overturning moment is greater than the overturning moment, the stability is satisfied; otherwise, the stability is not satisfied, meaning there is a risk of rollover, and the load needs to be reduced or the working posture adjusted.

[0043] S4: Based on the excavator's rated lifting capacity, slope angle θ, and stability verification results, the maximum allowable lifting load under different slope angles is calculated. Specifically, based on the above stability verification results, combined with the excavator's rated lifting capacity, such as the standard rated capacity of SY500H at a boom span of 6 meters (14479kg) and slope influence correction, the maximum allowable lifting load under different slope angles θ is calculated. The specific process is as follows: (1) Substitute the basic parameters: excavator self-weight G=54500kg, friction coefficient μ=0.4 (dry hard soil foundation), track 26 width b=3.64m (SY500H model parameters), drive boom assembly 22 length L=6m (corresponding to boom span of 6 meters working condition), rated lifting capacity (boom span of 6 meters)=14479kg (equipment calibration value under ISO 10567:2019 standard). (2) Slope effect correction: According to actual tests and industry standards (such as ISO 10567:2019), the slope will significantly reduce the lifting capacity. For example, at a 10% slope (θ≈5.7°), the capacity is reduced by 30%, that is, the rated capacity is reduced from 14479kg to 10135kg. (3) Double safety limit verification: The rollover load limit is set at 75% of the rated rollover load as the safety threshold; the hydraulic capacity limit is set at 87% of the rated load of the hydraulic system as an additional constraint. (4) Develop a lifting load table: Combining the above formulas and parameters, calculate the maximum allowable lifting load for different slope angles (such as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, etc.), and associate it with the rated load of the excavator's hydraulic system to develop a lifting load table. See Table 1 for details.

[0044] Table 1 Lifting Weight Table

[0045] The aforementioned lifting load chart provides operators with intuitive and accurate load control information, ensuring that lifting operations are carried out safely within the range of mechanical stability and effectively preventing accidents such as slippage and overturning caused by overloading or mismatched slope.

[0046] This utility model's lifting equipment, during lifting operations, establishes a mechanical model of sliding stability and overturning stability. Combined with the excavator's rated lifting capacity, slope angle, and measured parameters (such as friction coefficient, track width, and boom length), it quantitatively verifies stability under different slopes using formulas. Furthermore, based on the ISO 10567:2019 standard and the hydraulic system's rated load, a lifting load table is developed, accurately calculating the safe lifting load corresponding to each slope. This provides a quantitative basis for operation, effectively preventing safety accidents caused by overloading, slippage, or overturning during steep slope lifting, and ensuring the stability and reliability of lifting operations in complex terrain.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hoisting device, characterized in that, include: An excavator, including a body and a drive arm assembly disposed at the front end of the body; A lifting device is detachably disposed at the front end of the drive arm assembly. The lifting device includes a connecting mechanism and a lifting assembly. The connecting mechanism includes a connecting shaft and a connecting seat. The connecting shaft is detachably connected to the connecting seat and the drive arm assembly, respectively. The lifting assembly is disposed at the bottom of the connecting mechanism and connected to the connecting mechanism.

2. The hoisting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting base includes a base plate and two connecting plates disposed on the base plate. The base plate extends along a first direction and has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other in a second direction. The two connecting plates are disposed on the first surface and are respectively disposed at both ends of the base plate in the first direction. The two connecting plates extend along the second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The hoisting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting seat also includes a lifting point plate, which is disposed on the second surface, and the lifting device assembly is connected to the connecting seat through the lifting point plate.

4. The hoisting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting device assembly includes a shackle and a hook, with one end of the shackle connected to the lifting point plate and the other end of the shackle connected to the hook.

5. The hoisting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting seat further includes at least two reinforcing members, which are disposed on the first surface and respectively located at the connection points where the base plate and the two connecting plates are connected. The reinforcing members are used to strengthen the connecting seat.

6. The hoisting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reinforcing member includes a reinforcing plate having a first side and a second side that are perpendicular to each other. The first side is connected to the connecting plate, and the second side is connected to the base plate.

7. The hoisting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism further includes fasteners. Both connecting plates are provided with first connecting holes. The drive arm assembly includes a drive arm. The drive arm is provided with a second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole. The connecting shaft passes through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole. The two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively provided with third connecting holes. The fastener is connected to the third connecting hole.

8. The hoisting equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism further includes a limiting component, which is used to limit the connecting shaft. The limiting component includes two limiting plates disposed on opposite sides of the two connecting plates. The limiting plate is provided with a fourth connecting hole corresponding to the third connecting hole. The fastener passes through the fourth connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the third connecting hole.

9. The hoisting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting shaft is made of CrMo alloy steel.

10. The hoisting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The hoisting equipment also includes: An inclination sensor, mounted on the body, is used to detect the tilt angle of the body relative to the horizontal plane; The controller is electrically connected to the tilt sensor and is used to acquire the tilt angle and determine whether the tilt angle exceeds a preset safety threshold. An alarm device is electrically connected to the controller. When the controller determines that the tilt angle exceeds the safety threshold, the controller controls the alarm device to issue an alarm signal.

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