Sandwich structure seawater evaporator

Abstract

This application provides a sandwich-structure seawater evaporator, including an evaporation section and a water delivery layer disposed on the lower surface of the evaporation section. A heat insulation layer is disposed on the lower surface of the water delivery layer, and a through-hole is formed within the heat insulation layer. Water delivery threads are filled within the through-hole, with the upper end of the threads contacting the water delivery layer and the lower end extending out of the heat insulation layer. Through the design of the heat insulation layer, this application effectively isolates the water from heat conduction between the water and the water delivery layer and the evaporation section, while also avoiding large temperature differences between the water delivery layer and the evaporation section. This effectively reduces heat loss caused by large temperature differences and heat conduction to the water, thus facilitating the maintenance of the evaporator's evaporation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of seawater desalination technology, and in particular to a sandwich structure seawater evaporator. Background Technology

[0002] The use of solar evaporation devices for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment has become a research hotspot in recent years. The working principle of this technology is as follows: a hydrophilic porous material is used as a water transport layer, and carbon-based materials, semiconductor materials, or noble metals are loaded onto the surface of a substrate as a light-absorbing layer. Under sunlight, the light-absorbing layer absorbs sunlight and converts solar energy into heat energy, increasing the surface temperature of the solar evaporation device and accelerating the evaporation of surface water. Simultaneously, the water transport layer continuously transports water from the lower part, completing the seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. The collected water vapor is condensed to obtain clean water. This solar evaporation technology offers numerous advantages, including being environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and has potential applications in freshwater production, seawater desalination, dye wastewater treatment, and oil-water separation.

[0003] For example, in a solar-powered seawater desalination device with prior art publication number CN216808196U, an evaporation membrane is directly covered on the surface of a seawater collector. The evaporation membrane consists of a hydrophobic layer and a hydrophilic layer from top to bottom. The structure of the upper hydrophobic layer and the lower hydrophilic layer can prevent crystallization on the surface of the evaporation membrane, thereby effectively preventing the blockage of the steam channel and improving the stability of the seawater desalination cycle.

[0004] In this patent, the hydrophobic layer and the hydrophilic layer are directly bonded together. While this facilitates water transfer, a significant temperature difference exists between the hydrophobic layer (operating temperature 70-95℃) and the hydrophilic layer (close to ambient temperature). This causes heat to continuously transfer from the hydrophobic layer to the hydrophilic layer and the water, resulting in heat loss and a decrease in evaporation efficiency. Therefore, an improved technical solution is needed to address these shortcomings of the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a sandwich structure seawater evaporator to solve or alleviate the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: This application provides a sandwich structure seawater evaporator, including an evaporation section and a water delivery layer disposed on the lower surface of the evaporation section. The top of the evaporation section is provided with a pleated layer, and the upper surface of the pleated layer is coated with a photothermal functional layer. The lower surface of the water delivery layer is provided with a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is provided with vertically penetrating cylindrical holes. Water delivery cotton threads are filled in the cylindrical holes, the upper end of the water delivery cotton threads is in contact with the water delivery layer, and the lower end of the water delivery cotton threads extends out of the heat insulation layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the water delivery layer is composed of 10-15 layers of filter paper stacked together and fixed by wrapping black tape around the outer perimeter, and the total thickness of the water delivery layer is 5-7 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the insulation layer is insulation foam with a thickness of 8-10cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper end of the water-carrying cotton thread, which is inserted into the column hole, is provided with a winding column made of cotton thread.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the water-carrying cotton thread extends 5-10cm, preferably 5-6cm, beyond the heat insulation layer. The cotton thread is made of coarse cotton, and the diameter of a single cotton thread is 2-3mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the evaporation section is made of graphene oxide-sodium alginate with a thickness of 5-6 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the raw material for the photothermal functional layer is one or more of the following: metal plasma, transition metal sulfides, transition metal dichalcogenides, oxide nanoparticles, and biophotothermal reagents.

[0013] Furthermore, the evaporation section, the water supply layer, and the heat insulation layer have the same diameter. The evaporation section and the water supply layer are ultrasonically bonded together, and the water supply layer and the heat insulation layer are ultrasonically bonded together.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the evaporation section is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the column holes in the insulation layer is 0.8-1.2cm.

[0015] The technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: This application, through the design of the insulation layer, can effectively isolate the water body from the water delivery layer and the evaporation section, while avoiding large temperature differences between the water delivery layer and the evaporation section. This can effectively reduce heat loss caused by large temperature differences and heat conduction to the water body, and facilitate maintaining the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the evaporation section in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the evaporation section in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 The time-surface temperature change curves of the evaporators in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of this utility model are shown.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a comparison of the evaporation rates of the evaporators in Embodiment 1 of this utility model and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0022] Figure 7 The evaporation rate of Embodiment 1 of this utility model under different solar intensities.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a top view of the evaporation section of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a side view of the evaporation section of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Evaporation section, 2-Water supply layer, 3-Insulation layer, 4-Water supply cotton thread, 5-Wrapping column, 6-Column hole, 7-Folded layer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. In fact, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the present application encompass such modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this disclosure only and is not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0028] In the description of this application, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and do not require this application to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this application. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this application should be interpreted broadly.

[0029] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this application provides a sandwich structure seawater evaporator, including an evaporation section 1 and a water delivery layer 2 disposed on the lower surface of the evaporation section 1. The top of the evaporation section 1 is provided with a pleated layer 7, and the upper surface of the pleated layer 7 is coated with a photothermal functional layer. The lower surface of the water delivery layer 2 is provided with a heat insulation layer 3, and the heat insulation layer 3 is provided with vertically penetrating column holes 6. The column holes 6 are filled with water delivery cotton threads 4, the upper end of the water delivery cotton threads 4 is in contact with the water delivery layer 2, and the lower end of the water delivery cotton threads 4 extends out of the heat insulation layer 3. A hydrophobic layer and the hydrophobic cotton threads together perform the water delivery function. The heat insulation layer 3 is made of a non-hydrophilic material and has both hydrophobic and heat-insulating functions.

[0030] The evaporation section 1, water delivery layer 2, and heat insulation layer 3 have the same diameter. The evaporation section 1 and water delivery layer 2 are ultrasonically bonded together, and the water delivery layer 2 and heat insulation layer 3 are ultrasonically bonded together. The water delivery layer 2 comprises 10-15 layers of stacked quantitative filter paper, with black tape wrapped around the outer periphery of these filter papers to ensure that the water delivery layer 2 does not unravel in the working environment; the total thickness of the water delivery layer 2 is 5-7 mm. The lower end of the water delivery cotton thread 4 extends 35-10 cm, preferably 5-6 cm, from the heat insulation layer. The cotton thread is made of coarse cotton, and the diameter of a single cotton thread is 2-3 mm. The diameter of the evaporation section 1 is 10-20 cm, and the diameter of the column holes 6 in the heat insulation layer 3 is 0.8-1.2 cm.

[0031] Furthermore, the insulation layer 3 is an insulation foam with a thickness of 8-10cm. The insulation foam itself is non-hydrophilic and can float on water. The insulation foam material is non-hydrophilic (difficult to absorb water) and has a closed-cell structure, such as EPE pearl cotton, extruded polystyrene foam board, EVA sponge pad, XPE sponge pad, EPS foam board.

[0032] Preferably, the upper end of the water-carrying cotton thread 4, which is inserted into the column hole 6, is provided with a winding column part 5 made of cotton thread. The diameter of the winding column part 5 is the same as that of the column hole 6. The winding column part 5 has a certain degree of elasticity, allowing it to be compressed laterally before being inserted into the column hole 6. The upper surface of the winding column part 5 is made as flush as possible with the upper surface of the heat insulation foam to facilitate contact with the water-carrying layer 2. During manufacturing, the winding column part 5 can be made slightly longer than the thickness of the heat insulation foam (the length of the column hole 6). After the winding column part 5 is inserted into the column hole 6, a portion of its upper end protrudes. Then, the excess portion of the winding column part 5 is cut off with a knife, resulting in a winding column part 5 that is flush with the top surface of the heat insulation foam.

[0033] Furthermore, the evaporation section 1 is made of graphene oxide-sodium alginate with a thickness of 5-6 mm. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate is as follows: graphene oxide (GO) and sodium alginate (SA) are stirred in water for 1 hour to obtain a graphene oxide-sodium alginate precursor, which is then frozen in liquid nitrogen and freeze-dried to obtain a hydrophilic GO-SA aerogel. The graphene oxide raw material is large-diameter graphene oxide sheets with a diameter > 5 micrometers and 1-6 layers, sourced from Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the sodium alginate raw material is a chemically pure reagent purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Alternatively, existing graphene oxide-sodium alginate preparation techniques can also be used.

[0034] Preferably, the top of the evaporation section 1 is provided with a pleated layer 7. The pleated shape of the pleated layer 7 results in its surface having multiple orientations. The angles between these surfaces and the horizontal plane are 20°-60° (e.g., 20°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 43°, 45°, 47°, 50°, 55°, 60°), preferably around 45°. This ensures effective absorption of sunlight from all directions, greatly improving the utilization rate of solar energy. The pleated shape can be a closely arranged short cone or origami structure, such as a triangular / quadrilateral pyramid array or a wavy origami shape (e.g., Figure 4 (as shown), one or more combinations of accordion origami, Miura folding, etc. Figure 5 It is a combination of a four-sided pyramid at the center and origami wave structures surrounding the evaporation section 1. The pleated layer 7 is part of the evaporation section 1, and the total height of the evaporation section 1 (marked as...) Figure 2 The H1 in the text is 5-6 mm, and the fold layer is 7 layers high (marked as...). Figure 2 The H2 in the figure is 2-3 mm.

[0035] Preferably, the uppermost layer of the evaporation section 1 is coated with a photothermal functional layer, the raw material of which is one or more of metal plasma, transition metal sulfides, transition metal dichalcogenides, oxide nanoparticles, and biophotothermal reagents. The function of the photothermal functional layer is to improve the photothermal conversion efficiency and provide energy for evaporation.

[0036] Example 1 In this embodiment, the evaporation layer thickness is 5mm (including the wrinkled layer 7), and the wrinkled layer 7 is 2mm high. The angle between the serrations and the plane is approximately 45 degrees, and the wrinkled layer 7 has a wavy shape, such as... Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown in the actual product image. Nano-copper oxide powder is bonded to the top layer of evaporation section 1 via a spray coating process on the surface of the pleated layer 7; the nano-copper oxide powder has a purity >99% and is purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. The bottom of evaporation section 1 is ultrasonically bonded to the hydrophobic layer. The water delivery layer 2 consists of 12 layers of filter paper, using commercially available quantitative filter paper from Hangzhou Fuyang Beimu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd. The outer periphery of these filter papers is secured with black tape, and the bottom layer of filter paper is ultrasonically bonded to the heat insulation layer 3. The insulation layer 3 has a diameter of 10cm and a thickness of 8cm, with 20 1cm diameter column holes 6 inside; the insulation layer 3 is made of polystyrene foam board from Shanghai Runkangshun Packaging Materials Co., Ltd.; the water delivery cotton thread 4 is a 2-3mm diameter white cotton rope purchased from Shandong Suan Chemical Fiber Products Co., Ltd., and the diameter of the winding column 5 in its natural state is 1cm. The winding column 5 is formed by winding a single water delivery cotton thread 4 around the central axis, and the winding column 5 fills the entire column hole 6 after installation; the lower end of the water delivery cotton thread 4 extends 5-6cm.

[0037] To illustrate the effectiveness of this application, Comparative Example 1, based on Example 1, is provided with a wrinkle-free structure (i.e., the top surface of the evaporation layer is a flat plate), while the overall height of the evaporation layer remains unchanged. Comparative Example 2 is provided with no insulation layer, while other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Figure 5 The figures show the time-surface temperature change curves of the Examples, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 under one solar irradiation condition. The surface temperature of the Examples stabilized at 55°C after 60 seconds. Comparative Example 1, with its planar structure on top of the evaporation layer, had a surface temperature of 50°C after 60 seconds. Comparative Example 2, without the insulation layer 3, had a surface temperature of 42°C after 60 seconds. The efficiency of all examples was lower than that of the Examples.

[0039] Figure 6 This example compares the evaporation rates of Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 2 under one solar irradiation condition. The evaporation rate of Example 1 is 2.1 kg / m³. 2 / h, the evaporation rates of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were 1.7 kg / m³, respectively. 2 / h and 1.3Kg / m 2 / h, all lower than the examples.

[0040] To investigate the evaporation rate under different lighting conditions, we set the light intensity to seven different solar intensities. Figure 7 The evaporation rate under 7sun solar intensity is 8 kg / m³. 2 / h, approximately the evaporation rate of 1 kg / m³ at a solar intensity of 0.3 sun. 2 This is eight times the speed of the evaporator we used. This indicates that the evaporator we used has a strong ability to adapt to different environments.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A sandwich-structure seawater evaporator, comprising an evaporation section (1) and a water conveying layer (2) disposed on the lower surface of the evaporation section (1), characterized in that: The top of the evaporation section (1) is provided with a pleated layer (7), and the upper surface of the pleated layer (7) is coated with a photothermal functional layer; the lower surface of the water delivery layer (2) is provided with a heat insulation layer (3), and the heat insulation layer (3) is provided with a vertically penetrating column hole (6), and the column hole (6) is filled with a water delivery cotton thread (4). The upper end of the water delivery cotton thread (4) is in contact with the water delivery layer (2), and the lower end of the water delivery cotton thread (4) extends out of the heat insulation layer (3).

2. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water conveying layer (2) is formed by stacking 10-15 layers of filter paper and gluing them together on its outer periphery. The total thickness of the water conveying layer (2) is 5-7 mm.

3. The sandwich-structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation layer (3) is insulation foam with a thickness of 8-10cm.

4. The sandwich-structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the water-carrying cotton thread (4) is inserted into the column hole (6) and is provided with a winding column part (5) made of cotton thread winding. The diameter of the winding column part (5) is the same as that of the column hole (6).

5. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the water-carrying cotton thread (4) extends 5-10cm beyond the heat insulation layer (3), and the diameter of a single cotton thread is 2-3mm.

6. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation section (1) is made of graphene oxide-sodium alginate with a thickness of 5-6 mm and the pleated layer (7) has a height of 2-3 mm.

7. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fold shape of the fold layer (7) can be one or more of the following: closely arranged short cones, triangular pyramid arrays, wavy origami shapes, or Miura fold shapes.

8. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material for the photothermal functional layer is one of the following: metal plasma, transition metal sulfides, transition metal dichalcogenides, oxide nanoparticles, and biophotothermal reagents.

9. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation section (1), the water supply layer (2), and the heat insulation layer (3) have the same diameter. The evaporation section (1) and the water supply layer (2) are ultrasonically bonded together, and the water supply layer (2) and the heat insulation layer (3) are ultrasonically bonded together.

10. The sandwich structure seawater evaporator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter of the evaporation section (1) is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the column hole (6) of the heat insulation layer (3) is 0.8-1.2cm.

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