A reaction device for producing and processing organic matter fertilizer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reaction unit for organic matter fertilizer production and processing belongs to organic matter fertilizer production and processing technical field, include: reaction container, stirring shaft is placed in the reaction container and is provided with a plurality of T type stirring rod to the outside wall of week side, power transmission source is set up in the top of reaction container and is used for driving stirring shaft rotates in the reaction container, synchronous aeration assembly, aeration end extends to the reaction container, and the track direction of aeration track, stirring shaft and T type stirring rod is same in the track direction of operation in the reaction container, and the opening and closing control of aeration and the rotation stop control of stirring shaft are synchronous, and the aeration end is along the track arrangement of T type stirring rod operation, reaction auxiliary assembly, is placed in the reaction container and is driven by the rotation driving force of stirring shaft and is surrounded formula to turn organic matter fertilizer and supplies oxygen diffusion to the inside of material edge, the utility model has realized " the integration operation mode of edge stirring aeration", has accelerated the decomposition speed of organic matter, has shortened the fermentation period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of organic fertilizer production and processing technology, and in particular, it is a reaction device for organic fertilizer production and processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the industrial production of organic fertilizers, fermentation reactors are the core equipment for realizing the resource utilization of organic waste. These reactors are typically closed or semi-closed reaction vessels, equipped with stirring and ventilation systems, used for aerobic or anaerobic fermentation of organic materials such as livestock and poultry manure, kitchen waste, and crop straw. Through the metabolic action of microorganisms, unstable organic matter is transformed into stable, harmless, and humus-rich organic fertilizer.

[0003] However, the traditional fermentation reactors widely used today have many inherent structural design flaws that severely restrict fermentation efficiency, product quality, and operational economy. For example, traditional equipment generally adopts a separate design of "central stirring + bottom fixed aeration pipe": the stirring shaft drives the paddle or spiral blades to rotate and turn the material, while compressed air is continuously or intermittently released through annular pipes and microporous aerators laid at the bottom of the tank. This structure causes the two core processes to be unable to coordinate in time and space—even if stirring stops, the aeration system may continue to supply air, resulting in energy waste; more seriously, during stirring, the gas rises vertically from the bottom and often fails to effectively intersect with the loosened material. The bubbles from bottom aeration have short paths and wide distributions, making it difficult to accurately enter the loosened area, resulting in insufficient oxygen diffusion depth. Over time, local areas in the material remain in a state of oxygen deficiency, anaerobic bacteria proliferate, and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methane are produced, causing not only foul odor pollution but also inhibiting the activity of beneficial aerobic bacteria (such as thermophilic cellulose-decomposing bacteria), slowing down or even interrupting the fermentation process. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers, comprising:

[0006] Reaction vessel used for organic fertilizer processing reactions;

[0007] A stirring shaft is placed in the reaction vessel and has multiple T-shaped stirring rods on its outer perimeter wall for stirring organic fertilizer.

[0008] The power transmission source is located at the top of the reaction vessel and is used to drive the stirring shaft to rotate inside the reaction vessel;

[0009] The synchronous aeration assembly extends the aeration end into the reaction vessel, and the aeration trajectory is the same as the trajectory of the stirring shaft and the T-shaped stirring rod in the reaction vessel. The opening and closing control of aeration is synchronized with the rotation and stopping control of the stirring shaft, and the aeration end is arranged along the running trajectory of the T-shaped stirring rod.

[0010] The reaction auxiliary component, placed in the reaction vessel, uses the rotational force of the stirring shaft to tumble the organic fertilizer in a circular motion, allowing oxygen to diffuse into the interior of the material's edges.

[0011] In this preferred embodiment, both the stirring shaft and the T-shaped stirring rod are hollow structures, and the stirring shaft and the T-shaped stirring rod are connected in a continuous manner. The gas supply end of the synchronous aeration component is sealed and connected to the top of the stirring shaft and inputs gas into the stirring shaft.

[0012] In this preferred embodiment, each of the T-shaped stirring rods has aeration holes on both the upper and lower sides of the outer wall at the end away from the stirring shaft. Each aeration hole has a one-way aeration baffle hinged to its upper end by a pin. The diameter of the one-way aeration baffle is larger than the diameter of the aeration hole.

[0013] In this preferred embodiment, the lower end of each aeration hole is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the one-way aeration baffle via a tension spring. The tension spring elastically pulls the one-way aeration baffle within the aeration hole. In the closed aeration state, the one-way aeration baffle seals the aeration hole. The aeration pressure of the synchronous aeration component is greater than the tension of the tension spring, so that when aeration begins, the gas can blow open the one-way aeration baffle, allowing the gas to disperse into the organic fertilizer being stirred.

[0014] In this preferred embodiment, the aeration holes and the one-way aeration baffle are located on the back side of the T-shaped stirring rod in the direction of rotation. When the stirring shaft and the T-shaped stirring rod rotate and stir, the aeration end follows behind the T-shaped stirring rod.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction auxiliary component includes multiple edge pusher plates arranged in a ring on the edge side of the reaction vessel cavity. The multiple edge pusher plates surround the stirring shaft and the T-shaped stirring rod. The upper part of the stirring shaft is connected to and drives the multiple edge pusher plates through a planetary gear mechanism, so that the multiple edge pusher plates rotate and tumble the organic fertilizer around the edge side of the reaction vessel cavity.

[0016] In this preferred embodiment, each of the edge pusher plates has a sharp scraping end integrally formed at both longitudinal ends. When the edge pusher plate rotates and turns the material, the sharp scraping end intermittently scrapes off the organic fertilizer adhering to the inner wall of the reaction vessel, so that the organic fertilizer participates in the stirring and aeration.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction vessel includes a reaction tank, a reaction liner placed within the reaction tank, a detachable tank cover bolted to the top of the reaction liner, multiple support legs mounted on the bottom of the reaction tank, and a feed pipe extending through and connected to the top of the detachable tank cover. A mounting bracket is installed in the middle of the top surface of the detachable tank cover. The top end of the stirring shaft extends upward through the detachable tank cover and into the mounting bracket, rotating within the mounting bracket via bearings. A gearbox is fixed to the top surface of the mounting bracket. The power transmission source includes a servo motor mounted on one side of the top surface of the gearbox and two meshing drive gears and driven gears rotatably mounted within the gearbox. The output shaft of the servo motor is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the drive gear, and the upper part of the stirring shaft extends into the gearbox and is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the driven gear.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this scheme, the synchronous aeration assembly includes an aeration pipe connected to the workshop air source, a second sealed bearing is sealed and interference-fitted in the top cavity of the stirring shaft extending upward to above the driven gear, the output end of the aeration pipe is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the second sealed bearing, and the pipe body of the aeration pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the reaction tank.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a heating and cooling coil is provided between the reaction vessel and the inner reaction liner. The heating and cooling coil is wound around the outer wall of the inner reaction liner, and the drain pipe and inlet pipe of the heating and cooling coil respectively extend to the outside of the reaction vessel.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] This reaction device for organic fertilizer production and processing integrates a stirring shaft and a T-shaped stirring rod within the reaction vessel. The gas supply end of the synchronous aeration component is sealed and connected to the top of the stirring shaft, allowing compressed gas to be delivered through internal channels to the T-shaped stirring rod and then released into the organic fertilizer material through aeration holes at its end. This achieves an integrated "stirring and aeration simultaneously" operation. This design synchronizes the two previously independent processes of stirring and aeration in time and space. When the power source drives the stirring shaft and T-shaped stirring rod to rotate, the aeration component simultaneously opens to supply gas; when stirring stops, aeration is simultaneously shut off. This coordinated design avoids the oxygen waste or localized oxygen deficiency problems caused by the disconnect between stirring and aeration in traditional equipment. It significantly improves the mass transfer efficiency and dissolution rate of oxygen in high-viscosity, fibrous organic materials, ensuring that aerobic microorganisms are always in an oxygen-rich environment. This accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, shortens the fermentation cycle, and achieves significant energy savings, improved fermentation uniformity, and increased production efficiency compared to existing technologies.

[0022] By creating aeration holes on the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the T-shaped stirring rod away from the stirring shaft, and hinged a one-way aeration baffle at the upper end of each aeration hole, while simultaneously connecting the one-way aeration baffle internally at the lower end via a tension spring, the design achieves automatic opening and closing control of the aeration holes. This ensures that gas is only released when air is supplied, improving the system's stability and reliability. More importantly, the one-way aeration baffle is arranged on the back side of the T-shaped stirring rod in the direction of rotation, which allows the front end of the stirring rod to disturb the material first to form a loose channel, so that the gas behind can be smoothly injected into the opened gaps between the materials. This reduces the gas injection resistance and enhances the oxygen diffusion depth, avoiding the phenomenon that the forward air jet is blocked by dense materials. Compared with the existing bottom fixed aeration pipe, it significantly improves the targeting and effectiveness of aeration, and achieves the technical effects of preventing nozzle clogging, optimizing oxygen distribution, and improving dissolved oxygen efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the cooling coil of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the T-shaped stirring rod and the one-way aeration baffle of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the edge pusher plate of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the planetary gear and the sun gear of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the servo motor of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing transmission connection structure of the driving gear and the driven gear of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the unidirectional aeration baffle of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unidirectional aeration baffle of this utility model, which is held by a tension spring when it is blown open by gas.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Reaction vessel; 2. Power transmission source; 3. Synchronous aeration assembly; 4. Reaction auxiliary assembly; 5. Reaction tank; 6. Removable tank cover; 7. Mounting bracket; 8. Servo motor; 9. Aeration pipe; 10. Drain pipe; 11. Discharge pipe; 12. Support leg; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Inner tank of the reaction vessel; 15. Heating and cooling coils; 16. Gearbox; 17. Valve; 18. Stirring shaft; 19. T-shaped stirring rod ; 20. One-way aeration baffle; 21. First sealed bearing; 22. Edge pusher plate; 23. Sharp scraper end; 24. Fixed sleeve; 25. L-shaped tie rod; 26. Internal gear ring; 27. Planetary gear; 28. Sun gear; 29. ​​Second sealed bearing; 30. Driving gear; 31. Driven gear; 32. Aeration hole; 33. Ear plate; 34. Hinge block; 35. Pin; 36. L-shaped fixing block; 37. Tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, the directions mentioned herein, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside, are based on the directions shown in the figures of this utility model, and are explained here together.

[0037] This embodiment provides, for example Figures 1 to 9 The apparatus shown is a reaction device for the production and processing of organic fertilizer, comprising: a reaction vessel 1, a power transmission source 2, a synchronous aeration component 3, a reaction auxiliary component 4, and a stirring shaft 18.

[0038] In this embodiment, the reaction vessel 1 is used for organic fertilizer processing reaction; the stirring shaft 18 is placed in the reaction vessel 1 and multiple T-shaped stirring rods 19 are provided on its outer periphery for stirring the organic fertilizer; the power transmission source 2 is located at the top of the reaction vessel 1 and is used to drive the stirring shaft 18 to rotate in the reaction vessel 1; the aeration end of the synchronous aeration assembly 3 extends into the reaction vessel 1, and the aeration trajectory is the same as the trajectory direction of the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rods 19 running in the reaction vessel 1. The opening and closing control of aeration and the stirring shaft 18 are controlled by the stirring shaft 18. The rotation and stop control of the 8 is synchronized, and the aeration end is arranged along the running trajectory of the T-shaped stirring rod 19; so that when the power transmission source 2 drives the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rod 19 to start rotating in the reaction vessel 1, the aeration end of the synchronous aeration component 3 starts to aerate synchronously. When the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rod 19 stop rotating, the aeration of the synchronous aeration component 3 stops synchronously, so as to realize "stirring and aerating at the same time", which solves the problem of aeration and stirring being disconnected and low oxygen mass transfer efficiency, integrates stirring and aeration functions, and significantly improves the dissolved oxygen rate.

[0039] In this embodiment, the reaction auxiliary component 4 is placed in the reaction container 1. The rotational driving force of the stirring shaft 18 causes the organic fertilizer to tumble and diffuse oxygen into the inner edge of the material. When the stirring shaft 18 works in conjunction with the T-shaped stirring rod 19 to stir, it simultaneously drives the reaction auxiliary component 4 to tumble the organic fertilizer. The combined effect of the stirring shaft 18, the T-shaped stirring rod 19, and the reaction auxiliary component 4 further improves the aeration efficiency of the synchronous aeration component 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, both the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rod 19 are hollow structures, and the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rod 19 are connected through each other. The gas supply end of the synchronous aeration component 3 is sealed and connected to the top of the stirring shaft 18 and inputs gas into the stirring shaft 18.

[0041] In this embodiment, each T-shaped stirring rod 19 has aeration holes 32 on both the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the end away from the stirring shaft 18. Each aeration hole 32 has a one-way aeration baffle 20 hinged to its upper end by a pin 35. The diameter of the one-way aeration baffle 20 is larger than the diameter of the aeration hole 32.

[0042] In this embodiment, the lower end of each aeration hole 32 is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the one-way aeration baffle 20 by a tension spring 37. The tension spring 37 elastically pulls the one-way aeration baffle 20 in the aeration hole 32. When the aeration is closed, the one-way aeration baffle 20 closes the aeration hole 32. The aeration pressure of the synchronous aeration component 3 is greater than the tension of the tension spring 37, so that when aeration starts, the gas can blow open the one-way aeration baffle 20, allowing the gas to disperse into the organic fertilizer being stirred. Axial ear plates 33 are welded above the aeration holes 32 and symmetrically on the outer wall of the T-shaped stirring rod 19. A hinge block 34 is welded to the top of the one-way aeration baffle 20 and positioned between the two opposing ear plates 33. The hinge block 34 is hinged between the two opposing ear plates 33 by a pin 35. An L-shaped fixing block 36 is welded to the lower part of the aeration holes 32 and on the inner wall of the T-shaped stirring rod 19. One end of a tension spring 37 is fixed to the inner wall of the L-shaped fixing block 36, and the other end of the tension spring 37 is fixed to the lower inner wall of the one-way aeration baffle 20. This allows the tension spring 37 to pull the one-way aeration baffle 20.

[0043] In this embodiment, the aeration holes 32 and the one-way aeration baffle 20 are located behind the T-shaped stirring rod 19 in the direction of rotation. When the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rod 19 rotate and stir, the aeration end follows behind the T-shaped stirring rod 19. This ensures that when the one-way aeration baffle 20 is blown open by gas, the organic fertilizer will not squeeze the one-way aeration baffle 20, thereby reducing the resistance of the organic fertilizer to the one-way aeration baffle 20 when it is blown open. Because the T-shaped stirring rod 19 has already opened the running track in the organic fertilizer when it is running in front, and the aeration follows behind, the gas has already been output from the lower part between the aeration holes 32 and the one-way aeration baffle 20 before the organic fertilizer closes the running track. At the same time, the organic fertilizer will not flow back into the aeration holes 32. (See attached diagram) Figure 3 As shown, when the stirring shaft 18 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, the attached... Figure 3 The unidirectional aeration baffle 20 shown faces away from the rotation direction of the stirring shaft 18, while the attached... Figure 3 The one-way aeration baffles 20 on the other two T-shaped stirring rods 19 are located on the back, ensuring that the one-way aeration baffles 20 are always on the back side of the T-shaped stirring rods 19 in the counterclockwise rotation direction. When the servo motor 8 drives the drive gear 30 clockwise, the drive gear 30 drives the driven gear 31 to rotate counterclockwise, causing the driven gear 31 to drive the stirring shaft 18 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0044] In this embodiment, the reaction auxiliary component 4 includes a plurality of edge pusher plates 22 arranged in a ring on the edge side of the inner cavity of the reaction container 1. The plurality of edge pusher plates 22 surround the stirring shaft 18 and the T-shaped stirring rod 19. The upper part of the stirring shaft 18 is connected to and drives the plurality of edge pusher plates 22 through a planetary gear mechanism, so that the plurality of edge pusher plates 22 rotate and circulate to turn the organic fertilizer on the edge side of the inner cavity of the reaction container 1. The planetary gear mechanism includes an internal gear ring 26 fixed to the inner wall of the removable tank cover 6, a sun gear 28 fixedly sleeved around the stirring shaft 18, multiple planetary gears 27 meshing between the sun gear 28 and the internal gear ring 26 in a ring array, and a planet carrier connecting the multiple planetary gears 27. The planet carrier includes a fixed sleeve 24 rotatably sleeved around the stirring shaft 18 and located above the sun gear 28, and multiple L-shaped tie rods 25 welded in a ring array to the outer wall of the bottom periphery of the fixed sleeve 24. Each planetary gear 27 is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the L-shaped tie rod 25, so that when the stirring shaft 18 drives the sun gear 28... When the agitator 18 rotates, the sun gear 28 meshes with and drives multiple planetary gears 27 to rotate around the sun gear 28 in the internal gear ring 26. At the same time, since the planetary gears 27 are rotatably connected to the L-shaped tie rod 25, the planetary gears 27 will also rotate. Since the fixed sleeve 24 is designed to be rotatably fitted around the agitator shaft 18, it does not interfere with the rotation of the planetary gears 27 around the sun gear 28. This makes the top of each edge pusher plate 22 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the corresponding planetary gear 27. The rotation of the planetary gears 27 will drive the edge pusher plate 22 to rotate and turn the material around the edge of the inner cavity of the reaction liner 14.

[0045] In this embodiment, each edge pusher plate 22 has a sharp scraping end 23 integrally formed at both longitudinal ends. When the edge pusher plate 22 rotates around the material, the sharp scraping end 23 intermittently scrapes off the organic fertilizer adhering to the inner wall of the reaction vessel 1, allowing this organic fertilizer to participate in the stirring and aeration. When a reaction liner 14 is designed, the sharp scraping end 23 scrapes off the organic fertilizer adhering to the inner wall of the reaction liner 14. By arranging multiple edge pusher plates 22 driven by a planetary gear mechanism in a ring array on the edge side of the inner cavity of the reaction vessel 1, and using the rotation of the stirring shaft 18 to drive the sun gear 28 and planetary gear 27 to revolve and rotate in the internal gear ring 26, the edge pusher plates 22 are driven to rotate around the reaction liner 14, so that the stationary material near the tank wall is continuously pushed towards the center, breaking the "edge dead zone" that is difficult for traditional agitators to reach. This design enables forced circulation of materials throughout the reaction space, making it particularly suitable for high-viscosity, easily sticky organic wastes (such as mixtures of livestock manure and straw), effectively preventing localized material accumulation and uneven fermentation. Simultaneously, each edge pusher plate 22 has sharp scraping ends 23 integrally formed at both longitudinal ends, continuously scraping away residual material adhering to the inner wall of the reaction chamber 14 during its circumferential movement, allowing it to re-participate in the reaction. This not only improves material utilization but also reduces the frequency of downtime for cleaning, extending continuous operating time. Compared to existing equipment that relies solely on central stirring, it achieves a comprehensive benefit of improved mixing uniformity, enhanced mass and heat transfer efficiency, and reduced maintenance costs.

[0046] In this embodiment, the reaction vessel 1 includes a reaction tank 5, a reaction liner 14 placed in the reaction tank 5, a detachable tank cover 6 bolted to the top of the reaction liner 14, multiple support legs 12 mounted on the bottom surface of the reaction tank 5, and a feed pipe connected to the top surface of the detachable tank cover 6. A mounting bracket 7 is installed in the middle of the top surface of the detachable tank cover 6. The top end of the stirring shaft 18 extends upward through the detachable tank cover 6 and into the mounting bracket 7, rotating within the mounting bracket 7 via a bearing. A gearbox 16 is fixed to the top surface of the mounting bracket 7. The power transmission source 2 includes a servo motor 8 mounted on one side of the top surface of the gearbox 16 and two meshing drive gears 30 and driven gears 31 rotatably mounted in the gearbox 16. The output shaft of the servo motor 8 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the drive gear 30. The upper part of the stirring shaft 18 extends into the gearbox 16 and is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the driven gear 31. This causes the servo motor 8 to drive the drive gear 30, which in turn drives the driven gear 31 to rotate, causing the driven gear 31 to drive the stirring shaft 18 to rotate in the reaction vessel 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, the synchronous aeration assembly 3 includes an aeration pipe 9 connected to the workshop air source. A stirring shaft 18 extends upwards to the top cavity above the driven gear 31, where a second sealing bearing 29 is sealed with an interference fit. The output end of the aeration pipe 9 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the second sealing bearing 29. The pipe body of the aeration pipe 9 is fixed to the outer wall of the reaction tank 5. When the driven gear 31 drives the stirring shaft 18 to rotate, the second sealing bearing 29 prevents the aeration pipe 9 from rotating, facilitating gas input into the stirring shaft 18 during aeration. A valve 17 is installed on the pipe body of the aeration pipe 9. Since the upper part of the stirring shaft 18 rotates through the gearbox 16, the driven gear 31 is supported in the gearbox 16 by the stirring shaft 18. The bottom end of the stirring shaft 18 is connected to the inner bottom wall of the reaction tank 14 via a first sealing bearing 21.

[0048] In this embodiment, a heating and cooling coil 15 is installed between the reaction tank 5 and the reaction liner 14. The heating and cooling coil 15 is wound around the outer wall of the reaction liner 14, and the drain pipe 10 and water inlet pipe 13 of the heating and cooling coil 15 extend to the outside of the reaction tank 5. A discharge pipe 11 extending to the outside of the reaction tank 5 is connected to the bottom of the reaction liner 14. The application scenarios of the heating and cooling coil 15 are considered for different seasons, including switching between heating and cooling. In summer or high-temperature environments, cooling water is added to the heating and cooling coil 15, mainly to address situations where excessive heat is generated during fermentation, leading to excessively high temperatures that affect microbial activity. Fermentation releases a large amount of heat, requiring cooling to maintain a suitable fermentation temperature. Cooling effectively reduces the temperature inside the tank, preventing overheating from killing beneficial microorganisms and ensuring smooth fermentation. In winter or cold regions, hot water is added when the ambient temperature is low, which helps to raise the temperature inside the tank and promote microbial activity. Low temperatures inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, so appropriate heating is necessary. Furthermore, if the organic waste being processed contains a high proportion of high-cellulose materials such as straw, incomplete decomposition during fermentation may lead to localized overheating, making cooling particularly important. Conversely, if the main materials being processed are easily fermentable and generate less heat, such as livestock and poultry manure, heating may be necessary to maintain the required fermentation temperature. Therefore, the use of the hot and cold coils 15 needs to be flexibly adjusted according to seasonal changes. The water inlet pipe 13 is used for water injection, while the water is discharged through the drain pipe 10. Additionally, the temperature within the reaction tank 14 is monitored by a temperature sensor installed on the inner wall of the removable tank lid 6.

[0049] In this embodiment, the appendix Figure 9 The gas coming out of the aeration hole 32 blows open the bottom of the one-way aeration baffle 20, and is simultaneously held elastically by the tension spring 37. The arrow in the attached figure indicates the airflow.

[0050] Working principle

[0051] This reaction device is used for the production and processing of organic fertilizers.

[0052] Temperature control parameters are preset according to the characteristics of the materials being processed and the ambient temperature. For high-fiber materials or high-temperature operations in summer, cooling water is introduced into the hot and cold coils 15 to prevent excessive heat generation in the early stages of fermentation from causing local overheating. For winter or low-activity materials (such as wet livestock and poultry manure), hot water is introduced for preheating, so that the temperature inside the reaction chamber 14 quickly rises to the optimal growth temperature range for microorganisms (usually the aerobic fermentation range of 50-65℃). The temperature sensor monitors the internal temperature in real time and provides feedback signals, and automatically adjusts the flow rate of the hot and cold media when necessary.

[0053] The servo motor 8 is started, and its output shaft drives the drive gear 30 to rotate. The drive gear 30 meshes with and drives the driven gear 31, thereby driving the stirring shaft 18 to rotate inside the reaction vessel 1 under the support of the mounting bracket 7 and the first sealed bearing 21. Simultaneously with the start of the servo motor 8, the valve 17 on the aeration pipe 9 is manually opened. Compressed air is introduced into the hollow stirring shaft 18 via the second sealed bearing 29 and then transported to the T-shaped stirring rod 19 through an internal channel. The gas ultimately reaches the aeration holes 32 on both the upper and lower sides of the end of the T-shaped stirring rod 19. Due to the elastic force of the tension spring 37, the one-way aeration baffle 20 seals tightly against the aeration holes 32 when there is no air pressure; when the gas pressure overcomes the tension of the tension spring 37, it pushes the one-way aeration baffle 20 to rotate upwards around the pin 35, and the gas is ejected from below the aeration holes 32, directly injected into the organic material being stirred. This design ensures that aeration is only activated during stirring, achieving true "stirring and aeration simultaneously," avoiding the oxygen waste and low mass transfer efficiency problems caused by the disconnect between stirring and aeration in traditional processes. All unidirectional aeration baffles 20 are arranged on the back (rear) of the T-shaped stirring rod 19 in the direction of rotation. For example, when the stirring shaft 18 rotates counterclockwise, the front end of the T-shaped stirring rod 19 cuts into the material first, forming a disturbance channel, and then the aeration holes 32 located at the rear release gas. This arrangement allows gas injection to be unaffected by the pressure resistance of the material in front, easily blowing open the unidirectional aeration baffles 20. Simultaneously, the ejected gas can fully enter the gaps in the loosened material, improving oxygen diffusion efficiency. Furthermore, it prevents undisturbed dense material from flowing back into the aeration holes 32, avoiding blockage.

[0054] The rotation of the stirring shaft 18 simultaneously drives the sun gear 28 fixed thereon to rotate. The sun gear 28 meshes with multiple planetary gears 27, which in turn mesh with an internal gear ring 26 fixed to the inner wall of the removable tank cover 6. Under this differential speed action, the planetary gears 27 revolve around the sun gear 28 on one hand, and rotate on their own on the other. Each planetary gear 27 is connected to an edge pusher plate 22 at its bottom. Therefore, the multiple edge pusher plates 22 perform a continuous circling and turning motion around the inner wall of the reaction tank 14, continuously pushing the material near the tank wall towards the center, breaking the static boundary layer, promoting overall material circulation, and effectively preventing the formation of fermentation "dead zones" in the edge areas. Each edge pusher plate 22 has sharp scraping ends 23 at both ends. During the circling motion, these sharp scraping ends 23 periodically scrape the inner wall of the reaction tank 14, peeling off the viscous organic material adhering to it and re-rolling it into the main stirring area. This design significantly reduces material loss due to wall adhesion, improves reaction uniformity and space utilization, and also facilitates subsequent tank cleaning and maintenance.

[0055] Throughout the fermentation process, a temperature sensor continuously monitors the internal temperature of the reaction chamber 14 and transmits the data to the PLC in the workshop's electrical control cabinet. If the temperature is too high, the flow rate of cooling water in the hot and cold coils 15 is increased; if the temperature is too low, heating is switched on.

[0056] After sufficient fermentation for the set time (e.g., 7-15 days), the microorganisms have essentially matured and stabilized the organic matter. At this point, the servo motor 8 and the synchronous aeration component 3 are turned off, and all moving parts cease operation. The valve on the discharge pipe 11 is opened, and the mature organic fertilizer is discharged out of the tank using gravity or an auxiliary spiral pushing device. After the reaction is complete, the removable tank cover 6 can be opened to thoroughly clean the inside of the reaction tank 14, preparing for the next batch of production.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "one" and "two" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizer, characterized in that, include: Reaction vessel (1), used for organic fertilizer processing reaction; A stirring shaft (18) is placed in the reaction vessel (1) and has multiple T-shaped stirring rods (19) on its outer periphery for stirring organic fertilizer. A power transmission source (2) is located at the top of the reaction vessel (1) and is used to drive the stirring shaft (18) to rotate in the reaction vessel (1); The synchronous aeration component (3) extends into the reaction vessel (1), and the aeration trajectory is the same as the trajectory of the stirring shaft (18) and the T-shaped stirring rod (19) in the reaction vessel (1). The opening and closing control of aeration is synchronized with the turning and stopping control of the stirring shaft (18), and the aeration end is arranged along the running trajectory of the T-shaped stirring rod (19). The reaction auxiliary component (4) is placed in the reaction container (1). The organic fertilizer is rotated around by the rotational driving force of the stirring shaft (18) to allow oxygen to diffuse into the interior of the material edge.

2. The reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the stirring shaft (18) and the T-shaped stirring rod (19) are hollow structures. The stirring shaft (18) and the T-shaped stirring rod (19) are connected in a continuous manner. The gas supply end of the synchronous aeration component (3) is sealed and connected to the top of the stirring shaft (18) and inputs gas into the stirring shaft (18).

3. The reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the T-shaped stirring rods (19) has an aeration hole (32) on both the upper and lower sides of the outer wall of the end away from the stirring shaft (18). Each aeration hole (32) has a one-way aeration baffle (20) hinged to the upper end of the aeration hole (32) by a pin (35). The diameter of the one-way aeration baffle (20) is larger than the diameter of the aeration hole (32).

4. The reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of each aeration hole (32) is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the one-way aeration baffle (20) by a tension spring (37). The tension spring (37) elastically pulls the one-way aeration baffle (20) in the aeration hole (32). When the aeration is closed, the one-way aeration baffle (20) closes the aeration hole (32). The aeration pressure of the synchronous aeration component (3) is greater than the tension of the tension spring (37), so that when the aeration starts, the gas can blow open the one-way aeration baffle (20) and disperse the gas into the organic fertilizer being stirred.

5. A reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aeration holes (32) and the one-way aeration baffle (20) are located on the back side of the T-shaped stirring rod (19) in the direction of rotation. When the stirring shaft (18) and the T-shaped stirring rod (19) rotate and stir, the aeration end follows behind the T-shaped stirring rod (19).

6. The reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction auxiliary component (4) includes a plurality of edge pusher plates (22) arranged in a ring on the edge side of the inner cavity of the reaction container (1). The plurality of edge pusher plates (22) surround the stirring shaft (18) and the T-shaped stirring rod (19). The upper part of the stirring shaft (18) is connected to and drives the plurality of edge pusher plates (22) through a planetary gear mechanism, so that the plurality of edge pusher plates (22) rotate and circulate to turn the organic fertilizer on the edge side of the inner cavity of the reaction container (1).

7. A reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the edge pusher plates (22) has a sharp scraping end (23) integrally formed at both longitudinal ends. When the edge pusher plate (22) rotates around the material, the sharp scraping end (23) intermittently scrapes off the organic fertilizer attached to the inner wall of the reaction vessel (1), so that the organic fertilizer participates in the stirring and aeration.

8. A reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction vessel (1) includes a reaction tank (5), a reaction liner (14) placed in the reaction tank (5), a removable tank cover (6) bolted to the top of the reaction liner (14), multiple support legs (12) mounted on the bottom of the reaction tank (5), and a feed pipe that passes through and connects to the top of the removable tank cover (6). A mounting bracket (7) is installed in the middle of the top surface of the removable tank cover (6). The top end of the stirring shaft (18) extends upward through the removable tank cover (6) and into the mounting bracket (7) via a bearing. The mounting bracket (7) rotates in the bracket (7), and the top surface of the mounting bracket (7) is fixed with a gearbox (16). The power transmission source (2) includes a servo motor (8) mounted on one side of the top surface of the gearbox (16) and two meshing drive gears (30) and driven gears (31) rotatably mounted in the gearbox (16). The output shaft of the servo motor (8) is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the drive gear (30). The upper part of the stirring shaft (18) extends into the gearbox (16) and is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the driven gear (31).

9. A reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous aeration assembly (3) includes an aeration pipe (9) connected to the workshop air source. The stirring shaft (18) extends upward to the top cavity above the driven gear (31) and is sealed with a second sealed bearing (29). The output end of the aeration pipe (9) is sealed with the inner ring of the second sealed bearing (29). The pipe body of the aeration pipe (9) is fixed on the outer wall of the reaction tank (5).

10. A reaction apparatus for the production and processing of organic fertilizers according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hot and cold coil (15) is provided between the reaction tank (5) and the reaction liner (14). The hot and cold coil (15) is wrapped around the outer wall of the reaction liner (14). The drain pipe (10) and the inlet pipe (13) of the hot and cold coil (15) respectively penetrate to the outside of the reaction tank (5).

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