A carbonization apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of carbonization device, it is related to carbonization device technical field, carbonization device includes furnace body and suction pipe, furnace body is equipped with carbonization cavity and smoke outlet, carbonization cavity is used to place material;Smoke outlet is communicated carbonization cavity;Furnace body includes base, top cover and multiple heat preservation baffle;Control valve is provided on suction pipe, suction pipe inserts into carbonization cavity;Material is placed in the carbonization cavity in furnace body, ignite material;Heat preservation baffle is connected to base and top cover, and multiple heat preservation baffle is surrounded and forms carbonization cavity, to ensure the air tightness and heat preservation of carbonization cavity;Suction pipe is used to send air to the bottom of carbonization cavity, to provide enough air for the carbonization of carbonization cavity material;Control valve is used to control the conduction or off of suction pipe, to adjust the air intake of suction pipe, control carbonization efficiency and carbonization quality;Smoke outlet is communicated carbonization cavity, for discharging the flue gas generated in carbonization process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of carbonization equipment, and specifically relates to a carbonization device. Background Technology

[0002] A carbonization device is a device that converts biomass (such as wood, straw, coconut shells, etc.) or carbon-containing organic matter into carbon through a high-temperature pyrolysis (or dry distillation) process under conditions of oxygen isolation or restriction.

[0003] Chinese patent CN105331372A discloses a carbonization device, including a flue and 2n furnace bodies arranged symmetrically in pairs on both sides of the flue. Each furnace body has a corresponding brick cage and brick cage support at its bottom. The furnace bodies, brick cages, and brick cage supports are stacked sequentially from top to bottom. The bottom of the brick cage support has two or more flue gas outlets symmetrically distributed. The flue gas outlets are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the furnace body. The bottom of the aforementioned flue is connected to each flue gas outlet through a pipe. The upper part of the flue is connected to a chimney.

[0004] However, although the carbonization device in the above scheme can achieve the carbonization process, the carbonization quality is low. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a carbonization device that improves carbonization efficiency and achieves high carbonization quality.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: This utility model provides a carbonization device, comprising: The furnace body is provided with a carbonization chamber and a flue gas outlet. The carbonization chamber is used to place materials. The flue gas outlet is connected to the carbonization chamber and is used to discharge the flue gas inside the furnace body. The furnace body includes a base, a top cover and multiple insulation panels. The insulation panels are connected to the base and the top cover, and the multiple insulation panels are arranged to form the carbonization chamber. An air intake pipe is provided with a control valve; the air intake pipe is inserted into the carbonization chamber and is used to deliver air to the bottom of the carbonization chamber; the control valve is used to control the opening or closing of the air intake pipe.

[0007] According to the carbonization device of this utility model embodiment, a fire-resistant wall is provided on the inner side of the heat-insulating enclosure, and the fire-resistant wall is formed by splicing together multiple fire-resistant bricks.

[0008] According to the carbonization apparatus of this utility model embodiment, the furnace body further includes a frame, the frame is connected to the base and the top cover, and the heat insulation panel is installed on the frame.

[0009] According to the carbonization apparatus of this utility model embodiment, the heat-insulating enclosure includes an overlapping base plate layer, a perlite layer, and a heat-insulating cotton layer; the heat-insulating enclosure is formed by a pressing process.

[0010] According to the carbonization apparatus of this utility model embodiment, a plurality of support blocks are spaced apart at the bottom of the carbonization chamber, and the support blocks are used to support the material in the carbonization chamber.

[0011] According to the carbonization apparatus of this utility model embodiment, the support block is a refractory brick.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the carbonization apparatus further includes a filter plate, which is placed on the support block; the filter plate includes a mounting frame and a plurality of spaced grid bars, which extend along the length of the filter plate and are disposed on the mounting frame.

[0013] According to the carbonization apparatus of this utility model embodiment, the filter plate includes a first filter plate and a second filter plate, the first filter plate is located on the second filter plate, and the extension directions of the grid bars of the first filter plate and the second filter plate are different.

[0014] According to the carbonization device of this utility model embodiment, there are two suction pipes, which are arranged side by side.

[0015] According to the carbonization device of this utility model embodiment, there are two control valves, and the control valves and the suction pipes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The material is placed in the carbonization chamber inside the furnace and ignited. Insulating panels are connected to the base and top cover, and multiple insulating panels form the carbonization chamber to ensure its airtightness and insulation. An air intake pipe delivers air to the bottom of the carbonization chamber, providing sufficient air for the carbonization of the material. A control valve controls the opening and closing of the air intake pipe to regulate the oxygen intake, thereby controlling the stable rise or fall of the temperature inside the carbonization chamber and improving carbonization quality. An exhaust port connects to the carbonization chamber to discharge the flue gas generated during the carbonization process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the carbonization device provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the carbonization device provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the carbonization device provided in this embodiment of the utility model; The following labels are shown in the attached diagram: 100. Furnace body; 110. Carbonization chamber; 111. Support block; 120. Base; 130. Top cover; 131. Smoke vent; 132. Air duct; 150. Insulation panel; 151. Fireproof wall; 160. Frame; 200. Inhalation tube; 210. Air inlet end; 300, Filter plate; 310, First filter plate; 320, Second filter plate; 330, Mounting bracket; 340, Bars. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, the use of terms such as "several" means one or more, with "multiple" meaning two or more. Terms like "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first," "second," and "third" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, the quantity of indicated technical features, or the sequential relationship between indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The following are several embodiments of the carbonization device of this utility model.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the carbonization device of this utility model embodiment includes a furnace body 100 and an air intake pipe 200. The furnace body 100 is provided with a carbonization chamber 110 and a flue gas outlet 131. The carbonization chamber 110 is used to place materials. The flue gas outlet 131 is connected to the carbonization chamber 110 and is used to discharge the flue gas in the furnace body 100. The furnace body 100 includes a base 120, a top cover 130 and multiple heat insulation panels 150. The heat insulation panels 150 are connected to the base 120 and the top cover 130, and the multiple heat insulation panels 150 surround to form the carbonization chamber 110. A control valve is provided on the air intake pipe 200. The air intake pipe 200 is inserted into the carbonization chamber 110 and is used to deliver air to the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110. The control valve is used to control the opening or closing of the air intake pipe 200.

[0024] Material is placed in the carbonization chamber 110 inside the furnace body 100 and ignited. Insulation panels 150 are connected to the base 120 and the top cover 130, and multiple insulation panels 150 are arranged to form the carbonization chamber 110, ensuring its airtightness and insulation. An air intake pipe 200 is used to deliver air to the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110, providing sufficient air for the carbonization of the material. A control valve is used to control the opening or closing of the air intake pipe 200, thereby adjusting the oxygen intake and controlling the stable rise or fall of the temperature inside the carbonization chamber, improving carbonization efficiency and quality. An exhaust port 131 connects to the carbonization chamber 110 and is used to discharge the flue gas generated during the carbonization process.

[0025] One end of the suction pipe 200 is the air inlet 210, located outside the furnace body 100. The air inlet 210 extends from the top of the furnace body outside the carbonization chamber 110, precisely delivering external air to the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110. This allows the material to carbonize at high temperatures within the furnace, generating heat. A large amount of heat circulates within the carbonization chamber 110, performing oxygen-deficient carbonization on the material. The resulting flue gas is discharged through the exhaust port 131. Due to the sealing effect of the insulation plate 150, the heat within the furnace body 100 is effectively maintained, reducing heat loss. The oxygen supply from the suction pipe 200 ensures complete carbonization of the material, preventing incomplete carbonization due to insufficient air. The exhaust port 131 allows for timely discharge of flue gas, preventing its accumulation within the furnace body 100. The material is typically machine-made carbon rods.

[0026] The furnace body 100 includes a base 120, a top cover 130, and multiple insulating panels 150. The insulating panels 150 are connected to the base 120 and the top cover 130, and the multiple insulating panels 150 form a carbonization chamber 110, facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the furnace body 100. The furnace body 100 can be disassembled into multiple components for easy transportation. In this embodiment, there are four insulating panels 150, and the four insulating panels 150 are connected in pairs to form the carbonization chamber 110.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, a fire-resistant wall 151 is provided on the inner side of the insulation panel 150. The fire-resistant wall 151 is formed by splicing multiple refractory bricks, so that the heat generated when the material is carbonized in the carbonization chamber 110 will not be easily lost. The fire-resistant wall 151 can withstand the high-temperature flame and heat radiation in the carbonization chamber 110, effectively isolating heat from being transferred outward, thereby reducing the temperature of the external insulation panel 150. While protecting the structure of the furnace body 100, the fire-resistant wall 151 reflects heat back into the carbonization chamber 110, significantly improving thermal efficiency and ensuring stable and uniform temperature during the carbonization process. Since the fire-resistant wall 151 can block the direct erosion of the insulation panel 150 by high temperature, the insulation panel 150 is not easily deformed or damaged due to long-term high temperature. The fire-resistant wall 151 is formed by splicing multiple refractory bricks, which facilitates targeted replacement when local damage occurs, without the need to disassemble and rebuild the entire fire-resistant wall 151. There are four fire-resistant walls 151, and the fire-resistant walls 151 and the insulation panels 150 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the number of fire-resistant bricks can be set according to actual needs, and this utility model embodiment does not make any special limitation in this regard.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the furnace body 100 further includes a frame 160, which is connected to the base 120 and the top cover 130. The insulation panel 150 is installed on the frame 160. The frame 160 is a supporting structure for the furnace body 100 and is used to support the insulation panel 150, the base 120, and the top cover 130 to ensure the stability of the furnace body 100 structure. The insulation panel 150 is installed on the frame 160 and does not need to bear the main load. The insulation panel 150 can better exert its insulation performance and avoid deformation or damage caused by excessive mechanical pressure, thereby extending the service life of the insulation panel 150.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the insulation panel 150 includes an overlapping base plate layer, a perlite layer, and an insulation cotton layer. The insulation panel 150 is formed by a pressing process to eliminate gaps within the insulation panel 150, improve its structural strength, and prevent delamination. The base plate layer provides support and shaping, while the internal perlite layer and insulation cotton layer effectively block heat conduction using their numerous pores. The perlite layer is an inorganic insulation material with excellent high-temperature resistance, fire resistance, and high structural strength. The insulation cotton layer (e.g., ceramic fiber cotton) has the advantages of high-temperature resistance and low thermal conductivity, effectively blocking heat transfer and adapting to irregular shapes to ensure no thermal bridge dead zones. The pressing process ensures a tight bond between the layers, structural stability, and no gaps, reducing heat loss. The insulation cotton layer faces outwards from the furnace body 100, and a corrugated plate is installed on the outer side of the insulation cotton layer. The corrugated plate is a metal sheet with a surface pressed into a continuous wavy or sawtooth pattern.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, multiple support blocks 111 are spaced apart at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110. These support blocks 111 support the material inside the carbonization chamber 110, ensuring that the material placed inside is supported. Because multiple support blocks 111 are spaced apart at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110, the accumulated material is lifted, forming an airflow channel between the bottom of the material and the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110. This ensures that the air delivered from the suction pipe 200 to the bottom can be evenly diffused to all parts of the material inside the carbonization chamber, promoting the oxidation reaction between the air and the material. The support blocks 111 prevent the material from directly contacting the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110, reducing incomplete carbonization caused by localized oxygen deficiency. The formation of the airflow channel allows the heat and gas generated during carbonization to be discharged more smoothly, preventing heat accumulation and gas stagnation, thereby improving carbonization efficiency. For example, five support blocks 111 can be provided.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the support block 111 is made of refractory brick. Using refractory brick as the support block 111 enhances its heat resistance, preventing it from easily deforming due to the heat generated by material combustion. The selection of refractory brick as the material for the support block 111 leverages its refractoriness and thermal stability, enabling it to withstand the weight of the material at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110 and the high-temperature flame generated by the oxidation reaction. This ensures stable support of the material, preventing its own structure from being eroded. Because refractory brick has good thermal shock resistance, its performance does not significantly decrease during repeated exposure to high temperatures and cooling. Generally, five support blocks 111 are provided, and these five support blocks 111 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110.

[0032] In some embodiments, the carbonization apparatus further includes a filter plate 300, which is placed on a support block 111. The filter plate 300 includes a mounting frame 330 and multiple spaced grid bars 340. The multiple grid bars 340 extend along the length of the filter plate 300 and are arranged on the mounting frame 330 such that a gap is formed between two adjacent grid bars 340 to allow gas to pass through. At the same time, the multiple grid bars 340 can prevent waste residue generated by material combustion from falling to the bottom of the carbonization chamber. The multiple grid bars 340 are equally spaced, which facilitates processing. In addition, since the multiple grid bars 340 extend in the same direction, waste residue on the surface of the filter plate 300 can be easily scraped off with a brush, making it easy to clean.

[0033] In some embodiments, the filter plate 300 includes a first filter plate 310 and a second filter plate 320. The first filter plate 310 is located on the second filter plate 320, and the grid bars 340 of the first filter plate 310 and the second filter plate 320 extend in different directions, which can block waste residue from passing through from multiple directions, thereby improving the filtration effect. During cleaning, the first filter plate 310 and the second filter plate 320 are cleaned separately to reduce the difficulty of cleaning.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, two suction pipes 200 are provided, arranged side by side. By arranging two suction pipes 200 in parallel, the carbonization device provides more sufficient air, ensuring that there is enough air in the carbonization chamber 110 during the carbonization process. This avoids the problem of excessive local reaction or dead zones that may be caused by oxygen supply from a single suction pipe 200, and increases the contact area between air and material. With two suction pipes 200 working simultaneously, air can be delivered to all areas of the carbonization chamber 110 more quickly. Even if one suction pipe 200 fails, the other suction pipe 200 can continue to supply oxygen, ensuring the continuous operation of the carbonization process. The suction pipe 200 includes a first section and a second section connected to each other. The first section is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 110 and extends from the middle of the carbonization chamber 110 and out of the furnace body 100. The refractory wall 151 is provided with perforations, through which the first section passes and connects to the second section. The second section is vertically arranged inside the insulation panel 150 to prevent the suction pipe 200 from protruding from the outer surface of the furnace body 100.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, two control valves are provided, with each control valve corresponding to one of the intake pipes 200. The two control valves can control the opening or closing of the two intake pipes 200 respectively, thereby adjusting the air content within the carbonization chamber 110. Based on the real-time temperature within the carbonization chamber 110 or process requirements, the opening of the air inlet 210 can be adjusted using the control valves to control the air flow rate into the carbonization chamber 110; ensuring optimal heat release and preventing over-combustion of materials due to excessive air, as well as incomplete carbonization due to insufficient air; when the temperature within the carbonization chamber 110 rises rapidly, the control valves can promptly reduce the opening of the immediate section to decrease the amount of air entering, preventing violent combustion of materials due to excessive air; when the carbonization reaction requires more air, the control valves can quickly increase the opening of the air inlet 210 to ensure a sufficient air supply.

[0036] For example, the two intake pipes 200 are designated as the first and second intake pipes, respectively. Correspondingly, the two control valves are designated as the first and second control valves. The first control valve controls the opening or closing of the first intake pipe, and the second control valve controls the opening or closing of the second intake pipe. This embodiment also includes a PLC and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is located inside the carbonization chamber 110, and the PLC is electrically connected to the first and second control valves. According to the carbonization heating curve (process), when the temperature obtained by the temperature sensor is below 500℃, the second control valve is controlled to close the second oxygen inlet pipe, and the first oxygen inlet pipe is opened through the first control valve to complete the carbonization process of the machine-made wood rods. After the temperature obtained by the temperature sensor reaches 500℃, the first and second oxygen inlet pipes are opened simultaneously to rapidly raise the temperature inside the furnace 100 to 750-900℃ (the target temperature is set according to product requirements). Under high temperature, the carbon molecules rearrange and shrink, and the ash melts and fills the gaps, resulting in carbon that meets the required hardness and temperature. The furnace is then closed for cooling. Finally, the material is removed from the furnace and cooled. Of course, in other embodiments, the first control valve and the second control valve are manual valves, which can be manually controlled to control the first oxygen inlet pipe and the second oxygen inlet pipe.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the top cover 130 is provided with a smoke exhaust port 131 and a vent 132, with the vent 132 used to discharge combustible gas. By setting the smoke exhaust port 131 and the vent 132 on the top cover 130, and both the smoke exhaust port 131 and the vent 132 being connected to the carbonization chamber 110, the exhaust port discharges the flue gas generated during the carbonization process, and the vent 132 discharges the combustible gas generated during the carbonization process. The smoke exhaust port 131 is used to discharge the water vapor generated during the material dehumidification stage and the waste gas generated during the charcoal smelting stage. The vent 132 is specifically used to collect and discharge the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis of the material. This effectively isolates the combustible gas from the waste gas, ensuring not only the smooth treatment of subsequent flue gas, but also allowing the combustible gas to be collected, purified, and even reused as energy.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some embodiments, a first switching valve is provided at the exhaust port 131 to control the flow rate of the exhaust port 131; a second switching valve is provided at the vent port 132 to control the flow rate of the vent port 132. By providing a first switching valve at the exhaust port 131 and a second switching valve at the vent port 132, the first switching valve can control the flow rate of the exhaust port 131, and the second switching valve can control the flow rate of the vent port 132. Adjusting the opening of the first switching valve can control the discharge flow rate of the exhaust gas, thereby stabilizing the negative pressure environment within the carbonization chamber 110. Adjusting the second switching valve can control the amount of combustible gas discharged. The operator can distribute the airflow according to the carbonization process, ensuring the stability of the pressure required for the carbonization reaction, recovering combustible gas, and preventing gas mixing.

[0039] Initially, the exhaust port 131 is opened via the first switching valve, and the gas inlet 132 is closed via the second switching valve, allowing the moisture and impurities generated during ignition to be fully discharged from the exhaust port 131. When pale yellow or colorless smoke is observed emanating from the exhaust port 131, carbonization enters the main stage. The flow rate of the exhaust port 131 is reduced via the first switching valve, while the gas inlet 132 is gradually opened via the second switching valve. At this point, only a small amount of smoke escapes from the exhaust port 131. During the cooling stage, the gas inlet 132 is closed to prevent air from flowing back into the furnace and causing charcoal combustion, and the exhaust port 131 is opened to balance the gas pressure during the cooling process.

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined in this application.

Claims

1. A carbonization apparatus, characterized in that, include: The furnace body is provided with a carbonization chamber and a flue gas outlet. The carbonization chamber is used to place materials. The flue gas outlet is connected to the carbonization chamber and is used to discharge the flue gas inside the furnace body. The furnace body includes a base, a top cover and multiple insulation panels. The insulation panels are connected to the base and the top cover, and the multiple insulation panels are arranged to form the carbonization chamber. An air intake pipe is provided with a control valve; the air intake pipe is inserted into the carbonization chamber and is used to deliver air to the bottom of the carbonization chamber; the control valve is used to control the opening or closing of the air intake pipe.

2. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the insulation panel is provided with a fire-resistant wall, which is formed by splicing together multiple fire-resistant bricks.

3. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body also includes a frame, which is connected to the base and the top cover, and the heat insulation panel is installed on the frame.

4. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal insulation panel includes an overlapping base plate layer, a perlite layer, and a thermal insulation cotton layer; the thermal insulation panel is formed by a pressing process.

5. The carbonization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Multiple support blocks are spaced apart at the bottom of the carbonization chamber, and the support blocks are used to support the material inside the carbonization chamber.

6. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support block is a refractory brick.

7. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The carbonization device further includes a filter plate, which is placed on the support block; the filter plate includes a mounting frame and multiple spaced grid bars, which extend along the length of the filter plate and are mounted on the mounting frame.

8. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter plate includes a first filter plate and a second filter plate, with the first filter plate located on the second filter plate, and the grid lines of the first filter plate and the second filter plate extending in different directions.

9. The carbonization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, There are two suction tubes, which are arranged side by side.

10. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two control valves, and each control valve corresponds to a suction pipe.

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