Coking apparatus with air sandwich
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522190078.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-16
AI Technical Summary
[0003]炼焦过程中煤饼析出荒煤气的过程无法控制，往往空气与荒煤气之间的燃烧不充分，出现不完全燃烧，造成能源浪费，最终导致炼焦热效率偏低
本实用新型提供的带有空气夹层的炼焦装置，通过设置环形空腔，可使外界冷空气先进入环形空腔吸收炼焦热量实现预热，再经内部连通孔组进入内部空腔，从而提高进入内部炼焦的空气温度，使空气与内部的荒煤气燃烧更充分，提高燃烧温度、减少不完全燃烧热损失，提高炼焦热效率，节约能源；且因环形空腔的设置，且空气的隔热效果比耐火砖更好，因此在设置环形空腔后，可以减薄箱体侧壁厚度，减轻箱体重量，减小门式起重机的负荷，减少项目投资；且环形空腔内的热量被空气带走，一方面能够降低箱体侧壁外壳的表面温度，减少其表面散热，提高焦炉的热效率、改善操作环境；另一方面，还能够降低内部侧壁结构温度，延长箱体的使用寿命。
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Figure CN224832562U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coking technology, and in particular to a coking apparatus with an air jacket. Background Technology
[0002] Existing coking processes mostly employ regenerative coke ovens. While the technology of regenerative coke ovens is largely mature, there are still areas for improvement, including: Regenerative coke ovens require coke oven machinery; to fully utilize this machinery, a single set typically corresponds to a coke oven unit with over 100 bores, resulting in high investment and operating costs. The chemical product recovery system has a complex process flow and generates coking wastewater, increasing pollution sources. To ensure the stability of the production system, once put into operation, it cannot be shut down unless undergoing a major overhaul. Regenerative coke ovens operate under slight positive pressure, generating smoke and dust at the oven doors. Furthermore, the product range is limited, resulting in poor flexibility. Compared with regenerative coking oven technology, mobile box-type coal briquette coking technology has advantages such as a shorter process, simpler equipment, more flexible operation, environmental friendliness, and lower cost. The process flow is as follows: Coal briquettes and coking unit bases formed in the preparation workshop are transported to the coking oven area by coal and coke receiving flatbed trucks. A gantry crane places the coal briquettes and bases on empty spaces within the coking unit. The box of another coking unit, already coked and ready for quenching, is placed over the coal briquettes in the first coking unit. The coal briquettes are then processed into coke through high-temperature dry distillation over one coking cycle. Once the coke has matured, the gantry crane lifts the box of the first coking unit and places it on the base of another coking unit that has just been loaded with coal briquettes. The quenching unit box, placed in an empty space outside the first coking unit, is then placed over the red-hot coke inside the second coking unit for dry quenching. After the red-hot coke cools, the coal and coke receiving flatbed trucks unload the cold coke to the coking yard, where it is left to dry for a certain period before being sent to the coking tower.
[0003] The process of coal cake releasing raw coal gas during coking is uncontrollable, often resulting in incomplete combustion between air and raw coal gas, leading to energy waste and ultimately low coking thermal efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coking device with an air jacket to solve the problems existing in the prior art, save energy, and improve the combustion effect of raw coal gas and coking thermal efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a coking device with an air jacket, including a box and a base; the box has an internal cavity and an annular cavity surrounding the internal cavity; an internal communication hole group is provided between the internal cavity and the annular cavity; an external communication hole group is provided on the outer wall of the box for the annular cavity to communicate with the outside; the lower end of the box rests on the upper surface of the base; the base is used to place coal cakes, and a bottom flue is provided on the outer bottom of the base, and the base has multiple flue gas descending holes communicating with the bottom flue.
[0006] Preferably, the enclosure includes a side panel and a top cover; the side panel includes an annular inner lining brick and an annular outer lining brick; the annular inner lining brick is located inside the annular outer lining brick, the lower end of the annular inner lining brick is flush with the lower end of the annular outer lining brick, and the upper end of the annular inner lining brick is flush with the upper end of the annular outer lining brick; there is a gap between the outer side of the annular inner lining brick and the inner side of the annular outer lining brick; the top cover is fixed and seals over the top of the annular inner lining brick and the annular outer lining brick; the interior of the annular inner lining brick and a portion of the lower end face of the top cover together form the internal cavity, and the annular channel between the annular inner lining brick and the annular outer lining brick and the corresponding end face of the top cover together form the annular cavity.
[0007] Preferably, in the vertical direction, the projections of the inner annular lining brick and the outer annular lining brick are rectangular; the external connecting hole group includes a plurality of first connecting holes; the internal connecting hole group includes a plurality of second connecting holes; a plurality of first connecting holes are respectively provided on the two opposite short sidewalls of the outer annular lining brick, allowing outside air to enter the annular cavity through each of the first connecting holes; a plurality of second connecting holes are respectively provided on the two opposite long sidewalls of the inner annular lining brick, allowing gas located in the annular cavity to enter the interior of the inner annular lining brick through each of the second connecting holes.
[0008] Preferably, the base is provided with a plurality of carbon plates corresponding to the lower opening position of the annular inner lining brick; each carbon plate is separated by a bottom refractory brick strip; the carbon plates are used to place coal cakes; the bottom refractory brick strip is provided with a plurality of flue gas descending holes, and the upper end face of the bottom refractory brick strip is flush with the upper end face of the carbon plate.
[0009] Preferably, the second communicating hole on the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick corresponds to the position of the bottom refractory brick strip of the base.
[0010] Preferably, the internal connecting hole group includes at least two internal entry hole groups, each of which is distributed along the vertical direction; each internal entry hole group includes a plurality of second connecting holes, each of which is arranged sequentially along the long side length of the annular inner lining brick; the opening size of each second connecting hole in the internal entry hole group gradually decreases from the middle of the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick to both sides.
[0011] Preferably, the side enclosure device further includes a plurality of partition bricks, which are fixedly disposed within the annular cavity; the lower end of the partition brick is flush with the lower end of the inner annular lining brick, and the upper end of the partition brick is flush with the upper end of the inner annular lining brick; the partition brick is fixedly connected to both the inner annular lining brick and the outer annular lining brick; the partition brick is provided with a plurality of third connecting holes, which enable the spaces of the annular cavity located on both sides of the partition brick to communicate.
[0012] Preferably, there is a gap between the inner top of the internal cavity and the top of the coal cake on the base.
[0013] Preferably, the external communication hole includes at least two external entry hole groups, each of which is distributed in a vertical direction and includes a plurality of the first communication holes.
[0014] Preferably, each of the first connecting holes is provided with a regulating damper for adjusting the amount of air entering.
[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: The coking apparatus with an air jacket provided by this utility model, by setting an annular cavity, allows cold outside air to first enter the annular cavity to absorb coking heat and achieve preheating, and then enter the inner cavity through the internal connecting hole group, thereby increasing the temperature of the air entering the coking chamber, making the air and the raw coal gas inside burn more completely, increasing the combustion temperature, reducing heat loss from incomplete combustion, improving coking thermal efficiency, and saving energy. Moreover, due to the setting of the annular cavity, and the better heat insulation effect of air than refractory bricks, the thickness of the side wall of the box can be reduced after setting the annular cavity, reducing the weight of the box, reducing the load on the gantry crane, and reducing project investment. Furthermore, the heat in the annular cavity is carried away by the air, which on the one hand reduces the surface temperature of the outer shell of the box side wall, reduces its surface heat dissipation, improves the thermal efficiency of the coke oven, and improves the operating environment; on the other hand, it also reduces the temperature of the internal side wall structure, extending the service life of the box. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coking device with an air jacket provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the second connecting holes on the annular outer lining brick in a coking device with an air jacket provided by this utility model. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the first connecting holes on the annular inner lining brick in a coking device with an air jacket provided by this utility model. Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the third connecting holes on the partition bricks in the coking device with an air jacket provided by this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in the coking device with an air jacket provided by this utility model.
[0018] In the picture: 10-Top cover; 20-Outer shell; 21-Insulation layer; 22-Annular outer lining brick; 221-First connecting hole; 23-Annular inner lining brick; 231-Second connecting hole; 24-Partition brick; 241-Third connecting hole; 25-Annular cavity; 26-Steel structure; 30-Base; 31-Carbon fiber plate; 32-Bottom refractory brick strip; 321-Flue gas downcomer hole; 40-Hanging lug; 50-coal briquettes. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0020] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coking device with an air jacket to solve the problems existing in the prior art, save energy, and improve the combustion effect of raw coal gas and the coking thermal efficiency.
[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0022] Example 1 This embodiment provides a coking apparatus with an air jacket, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the device includes a housing and a base 30. The housing has an internal cavity and an annular cavity 25 surrounding the internal cavity. An internal communication hole group is provided between the internal cavity and the annular cavity 25. An external communication hole group is provided on the outer wall of the housing for the annular cavity 25 to communicate with the outside. The lower end of the housing is placed on the upper end surface of the base 30. The base 30 is used to place coal cakes 50. A bottom flue is provided on the outer bottom of the base 30. The base 30 has multiple flue gas descending holes 321 that communicate with the bottom flue.
[0023] By setting up an annular cavity 25, cold outside air can first enter the annular cavity 25 to absorb coking heat for preheating, and then enter the inner cavity through the internal connecting holes, thereby increasing the temperature of the air entering the coking chamber. This allows for more complete combustion of the air and the raw coal gas inside, increasing the combustion temperature, reducing heat loss from incomplete combustion, improving coking thermal efficiency, and saving energy. Furthermore, due to the setting of the annular cavity 25, and the fact that air has a better insulation effect than refractory bricks, the thickness of the side walls of the box can be reduced, thus reducing the weight of the box, decreasing the load on the gantry crane, and reducing project investment. Moreover, the heat inside the annular cavity 25 is carried away by the air, which on the one hand reduces the surface temperature of the outer shell 20 of the box side wall, reduces its surface heat dissipation, improves the thermal efficiency of the coke oven, and improves the operating environment; on the other hand, it also reduces the temperature of the internal side wall structure, extending the service life of the box (heat exchange between cold air and lining bricks prevents the lining bricks from overheating and extends their service life).
[0024] Specifically, the box covering the base 30 and the coal cake 50 uses the heat from the internal lining bricks to cause the coal cake 50 to release raw coal gas. The raw coal gas mixes with preheated air and burns. The heat generated by the combustion of the raw coal gas heats the coal cake 50, which undergoes a high-temperature dry distillation process within the box to produce coke. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the raw coal gas enters the main flue through the bottom flue (the suction force discharged from the main flue creates a negative pressure environment inside the box, attracting outside air in), and then enters the subsequent waste heat recovery system. The suction force inside the box and the flue is provided by the induced draft fan after the boiler.
[0025] The following are the specifications regarding the enclosure: In the optional embodiments of this example, a preferred arrangement is that there is a gap between the inner top of the internal cavity and the top of the coal cake 50 on the base 30. Specifically, because hot gas rises, the gap between the lower part of the top cover 10 and the coal cake 50 can provide space for the combustion of raw coal gas, so that the upper coal cake 50 can also be cooked evenly.
[0026] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the enclosure includes a side panel and a top cover 10. The side panel includes an annular inner lining brick 23 (with an internal connecting hole group set on the annular inner lining brick 23) and an annular outer lining brick 22 (with an external connecting hole group set on the annular outer lining brick 22). The annular inner lining brick 23 is located inside the annular outer lining brick 22. The lower end of the annular inner lining brick 23 is flush with the lower end of the annular outer lining brick 22, and the upper end of the annular inner lining brick 23 is flush with the upper end of the annular outer lining brick 22. There is a gap between the outer side of the annular inner lining brick 23 and the inner side of the annular outer lining brick 22. The top cover 10 is fixed and sealed to the top of the annular inner lining brick 23 and the annular outer lining brick 22. The interior of the annular inner lining brick 23 and part of the lower end face of the top cover 10 together form an internal cavity, and the annular channel between the annular inner lining brick 23 and the annular outer lining brick 22 together with the corresponding end face of the top cover 10 form an annular cavity 25.
[0027] In the optional embodiments of this example, it is preferred that the side panel device and the top cover 10 be detachably and fixedly connected. Specifically, the two can be detached and connected.
[0028] Specifically, lifting lugs 40 are fixedly installed on the side enclosure, top cover 10 and base 30.
[0029] Specifically, an insulation layer 21 (such as insulation cotton) and an outer shell 20 are also fixedly installed on the outside of the annular outer lining brick 22 (around the perimeter or at necessary locations).
[0030] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figures 1-3 As shown, in the vertical direction, the projections of the annular inner lining brick 23 and the annular outer lining brick 22 are rectangles (the short side of the annular inner lining brick 23 corresponds to the short side of the annular outer lining brick 22, and the long side of the annular inner lining brick 23 corresponds to the long side of the annular outer lining brick 22); the external connecting hole group includes multiple first connecting holes 221; the internal connecting hole group includes multiple second connecting holes 231; multiple first connecting holes 221 are respectively provided on the two opposite short side walls of the annular outer lining brick 22, and outside air can enter the annular cavity 25 through each first connecting hole 221; multiple second connecting holes 231 are respectively provided on the two opposite long side walls of the annular inner lining brick 23, and gas located in the annular cavity 25 can enter the interior of the annular inner lining brick 23 through each second connecting hole 231.
[0031] Specifically, to achieve better and more uniform air preheating, the airflow path needs to be longer and the air residence time within the annular cavity 25 needs to be longer; therefore, on the short sidewall of the annular outer lining brick 22 (i.e., Figure 1 A first connecting hole 221 is opened on the left and right sides of the ring, and a second connecting hole 231 is opened on the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick.
[0032] Specifically, the size of each opening is determined based on the calculated air intake.
[0033] In the optional solutions of this embodiment, it is more preferred that each first connecting hole 221 is provided with a regulating damper for adjusting the amount of incoming air.
[0034] Specifically, the regulating damper is used to control the amount of air entering the system, and it can be any existing component capable of regulating the amount of air entering the system.
[0035] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the internal connecting hole group includes at least two internal inlet hole groups, each distributed vertically (multiple rows of inlets along the height direction); each internal inlet hole group includes multiple second connecting holes 231, arranged sequentially along the long side of the annular inner lining brick 23; the opening size of each second connecting hole 231 in the internal inlet hole group gradually decreases from the middle of the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick 23 towards both sides. Specifically, to make the air introduction effect more uniform and balance the gas pressure inside the box, the opening is larger in the middle and smaller on both sides (the opening is smaller near the air entry annular cavity 25, and larger further away).
[0036] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the second connecting hole 231 on the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick 23 corresponds to the position of the bottom refractory brick strip 32 of the base 30. Specifically, in order to make the air and raw coal gas come into more complete contact, mix more evenly, and achieve better combustion, the second connecting hole 231 on the annular inner lining brick 23 corresponds to the flue gas descending hole 321 on the bottom refractory brick strip 32 of the base 30.
[0037] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the external communication hole includes at least two external entry hole groups, each external entry hole group is distributed along the vertical direction, and the external entry hole group includes a plurality of first communication holes 221.
[0038] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the side enclosure device also includes multiple partition bricks 24 (composed of multiple refractory partition bricks), which are fixedly installed in the annular cavity 25. The lower end of the partition brick 24 is flush with the lower end of the annular inner lining brick 23, and the upper end of the partition brick 24 is flush with the upper end of the annular inner lining brick 23. The partition brick 24 is fixedly connected to both the annular inner lining brick 23 and the annular outer lining brick 22. Multiple third connecting holes 241 are provided on the partition brick 24, which enable the spaces of the annular cavity 25 located on both sides of the partition brick 24 to be connected.
[0039] Specifically, in order to improve the overall strength, a partition brick 24 is set between the inner ring lining brick 23 and the outer ring lining brick 22; the setting of the third through hole allows air to circulate better in the annular cavity 25, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.
[0040] The following are the settings instructions for the base 30: Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the base 30 is provided with multiple carbon plates 31 at the lower opening position of the annular inner lining brick 23; each carbon plate 31 is separated by a bottom refractory brick strip 32 (the bottom refractory brick strip 32 is composed of multiple refractory bricks); the carbon plates 31 are used to place coal cakes 50; the bottom refractory brick strip 32 is provided with multiple flue gas down holes 321, and the upper end face of the bottom refractory brick strip 32 is flush with the upper end face of the carbon plate 31.
[0041] Specifically, the flue gas downhole 321 can discharge the raw coal gas and high-temperature flue gas generated during the coking process.
[0042] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
Claims
1. A coking apparatus with an air jacket, characterized in that: Includes the housing and base; The box has an internal cavity and an annular cavity surrounding the internal cavity; an internal communication hole group is provided between the internal cavity and the annular cavity; an external communication hole group is provided on the outer wall of the box for the annular cavity to communicate with the outside. The lower end of the box is placed on the upper surface of the base; The base is used to place coal briquettes, and a bottom flue is provided on the outer bottom of the base. The base has multiple flue gas descending holes that communicate with the bottom flue.
2. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure includes side panels and a top cover; The side lining device includes an inner annular lining brick and an outer annular lining brick; the inner annular lining brick is located inside the outer annular lining brick, the lower end of the inner annular lining brick is flush with the lower end of the outer annular lining brick, and the upper end of the inner annular lining brick is flush with the upper end of the outer annular lining brick; there is a gap between the outer side of the inner annular lining brick and the inner side of the outer annular lining brick. The top cover is fixed and sealed to the top of the inner annular lining brick and the outer annular lining brick. The inner annular lining brick and part of the lower end face of the top cover together form the internal cavity, and the annular channel between the inner annular lining brick and the outer annular lining brick and the corresponding end face of the top cover together form the annular cavity.
3. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the vertical direction, the projections of the inner annular lining brick and the outer annular lining brick are rectangles; the external connecting hole group includes a plurality of first connecting holes; the internal connecting hole group includes a plurality of second connecting holes; Multiple first connecting holes are respectively provided on the two opposite short sidewalls of the annular outer lining brick, and outside air can enter the annular cavity through each of the first connecting holes; Multiple second connecting holes are respectively provided on the two opposite long sidewalls of the annular inner lining brick, and the gas in the annular cavity can enter the interior of the annular inner lining brick through each of the second connecting holes.
4. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base is provided with multiple carbon plates corresponding to the lower opening of the annular inner lining brick; each carbon plate is separated by a bottom refractory brick strip; the carbon plates are used to place coal cakes. The bottom refractory brick strip is provided with a plurality of flue gas descending holes, and the upper end surface of the bottom refractory brick strip is flush with the upper end surface of the carbon plate.
5. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second connecting hole on the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick corresponds to the position of the bottom refractory brick strip of the base.
6. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal connecting hole group includes at least two internal entry hole groups, each of which is distributed along the vertical direction; the internal entry hole group includes a plurality of second connecting holes, each of which is arranged sequentially along the long side of the annular inner lining brick. The opening size of each of the second connecting holes in the inner entry hole group gradually decreases from the middle of the long side wall of the annular inner lining brick towards both sides.
7. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side enclosure device also includes a plurality of partition bricks, which are fixedly disposed in the annular cavity; the lower end of the partition brick is flush with the lower end of the annular inner lining brick, and the upper end of the partition brick is flush with the upper end of the annular inner lining brick. The partition brick is fixedly connected to both the inner and outer annular lining bricks; the partition brick is provided with a plurality of third connecting holes, which enable the spaces of the annular cavities located on both sides of the partition brick to connect.
8. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap between the inner top of the internal cavity and the top of the coal cake on the base.
9. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 6, characterized in that: The external communication hole includes at least two external entry hole groups, each of which is distributed along the vertical direction and includes a plurality of the first communication holes.
10. The coking apparatus with an air jacket according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the first connecting holes is provided with a regulating damper for adjusting the amount of air entering.