Energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling of converter steelmaking

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste heat recycling energy -conserving structure for converter steelmaking, including steelmaking bucket and the rotating frame of fixed outside it, rotating frame top fixedly connected with the roof, the roof bottom fixedly connected with the lift rod, the lift rod bottom fixedly connected with the bucket cover, it still includes: heat absorption mechanism: heat absorption mechanism includes fixedly connected in the shell of steelmaking bucket outside, the shell right side fixedly connected with the gas pipe, the gas pipe opposite end fixedly connected with the steam cover, the steam cover right top is provided with the shunt seat, the steam cover inside rotatable connection has the pivot, the pivot surface fixedly connected with the impeller, the pivot rear end fixedly connected with the generator. The utility model discloses a waste heat recycling energy -conserving structure for converter steelmaking has the recovery furnace body dissipation heat energy and promotes the effect of full combustion of coal gas, the effect of waste heat recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste heat utilization technology in converter steelmaking, and in particular to an energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking. Background Technology

[0002] Converter steelmaking is a method in which oxygen is blown into molten iron at high temperature inside a rotating furnace. Through oxidation, impurities such as carbon, silicon, manganese, and phosphorus in the molten iron are removed, thereby turning pig iron into qualified molten steel. During the converter steelmaking process, the oxidation of elements such as carbon and silicon from the molten iron not only completes the steelmaking task but also generates a large amount of surplus energy, which exists in the form of high temperature and constitutes "residual heat".

[0003] However, traditional converter steelmaking lacks the utilization of waste heat. Heat energy is lost to the surrounding environment through the furnace shell, which not only wastes energy but also causes heat load problems in the local environment of the workshop. At the same time, during the blowing process, some carbon elements are not fully oxidized to form carbon monoxide, and its chemical energy is not fully released and utilized. It is briefly discharged with the exhaust gas, and the chemical energy is not completely converted into usable heat energy, thus constituting a loss in energy utilization. For example, in a traditional converter for smelting molten steel, the high-temperature furnace acts like a giant "infrared heater" during the blowing process, continuously radiating heat equivalent to burning hundreds of kilograms of coal. Simultaneously, during the unstable phase of smelting, some of the carbon monoxide-rich gas fails to be recovered, and its chemical energy is equivalent to a portion of standard coal being ineffectively emitted. This means that for every batch of steel produced, a significant amount of the coal's thermal energy is lost through furnace heat dissipation and gas waste, increasing production costs and exacerbating the environmental impact. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model discloses an energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking, aiming to solve the technical problem that the heat energy of traditional converter steelmaking is lost to the surrounding environment through the furnace shell, which not only causes energy waste but also leads to the heat load of the local environment in the workshop. At the same time, some carbon elements are not fully oxidized and carbon monoxide is generated and temporarily emitted with the exhaust gas, and the chemical energy is not completely converted into usable heat energy, resulting in energy utilization loss.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking includes a steelmaking ladle and a rotating frame fixed to its outer side. A top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating frame, and a lifting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate. A ladle cover is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting rod. The structure also includes: a heat absorption mechanism: the heat absorption mechanism includes an outer shell fixedly connected to the outside of the steelmaking ladle, a gas supply pipe fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell, a steam hood fixedly connected to the other end of the gas supply pipe, a flow divider seat located on the upper right side of the steam hood, a rotating shaft rotatably connected inside the steam hood, an impeller fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft, and a generator fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft; and a pressure relief mechanism: the pressure relief mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the ladle cover.

[0006] By employing the above technical solution, a hollow jacketed shell that fits tightly against the outer wall of the steelmaking drum, together with the gas pipeline and steam hood, forms a closed pressurized circulation system. Softened water, filled within the system, serves as the heat exchange medium, continuously absorbing the enormous heat dissipated from the steelmaking drum wall through heat conduction. During the steelmaking process, this water is heated to saturation, generating a large amount of medium-pressure steam. Driven by pressure, the steam is accelerated and transported to the top of the steam hood via the gas pipeline. Inside the steam hood, the steam passes through specially designed diverter nozzles, forming a high-speed jet that precisely impacts the impeller blade grooves, thereby converting the steam's thermal energy and pressure potential energy into the mechanical energy of the impeller's rotation. Finally, the impeller shaft drives a directly connected generator to generate electricity, completing the conversion and recovery of waste heat energy into high-value electrical energy.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe fixedly connected to the top of the bucket lid, an extension pipe sleeved on the top of the pressure relief pipe, a connecting seat fixedly connected inside the pressure relief pipe, a telescopic rod fixedly connected to the top of the connecting seat, a circular plate fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod, a spring fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular plate, and an oxygen pipe provided on the right side of the spring.

[0008] By employing the above technical solution, a disc valve with a spring-loaded preload is used inside the pressure relief pipe. In the initial stage of blowing, although carbon monoxide begins to form, the internal system pressure is insufficient to overcome the spring's preload, keeping the valve closed. This effectively prolongs the residence time of the combustible gas in the high-temperature furnace, creating favorable conditions for further mixing with oxygen and complete combustion. As the reaction continues, when the internal pressure accumulates to a preset critical value, the gas pressure overcomes the spring force, pushing the disc upwards and opening the pressure relief channel. At this point, the mixed gas, which has undergone preliminary combustion in the furnace and has reduced carbon monoxide content, is discharged. This gas can then be guided to the subsequent energy recovery unit or discharged, ensuring the maximum release and recovery of chemical energy while guaranteeing the safe operation of the equipment.

[0009] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The waste heat energy of the steelmaking drum wall is efficiently converted into electrical energy through the pressure circulation system, realizing energy recovery and utilization, reducing energy consumption and cost in the steelmaking process, while reducing the radiative heat dissipation from the furnace body to the workshop, effectively improving the working environment and reducing the load on the workshop cooling system.

[0010] 2. By using a controllable pressure relief strategy, the combustible gas is ensured to have sufficient residence time in the furnace to achieve complete combustion, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing the direct emission of harmful gases. Under the premise of ensuring the safe operation of the equipment, the carbon monoxide that was not fully burned is recycled and burned, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0011] Other features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking proposed in this utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer shell of the energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking proposed in this utility model.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption mechanism of the energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking proposed in this utility model.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the steam hood of the energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief mechanism of the energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking proposed in this utility model. Figure 6 This is a spring illustration of the energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking proposed in this utility model.

[0016] In the attached diagram: 1. Steelmaking ladle; 2. Rotating frame; 3. Top plate; 4. Lifting rod; 5. Ladle lid; 6. Outer shell; 7. Gas supply pipe; 8. Steam hood; 9. Diverter seat; 10. Shaft; 11. Impeller; 12. Generator; 13. Pressure relief pipe; 14. Extension pipe; 15. Connecting seat; 16. Telescopic rod; 17. Circular plate; 18. Spring; 19. Oxygen pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 An energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking includes a steelmaking drum 1 and a rotating frame 2 fixed to its outer side. A top plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating frame 2, and a lifting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 3. A drum cover 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting rod 4. The structure also includes: a heat absorption mechanism: the heat absorption mechanism includes an outer shell 6 fixedly connected to the outer side of the steelmaking drum 1, a gas supply pipe 7 fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell 6, a steam hood 8 fixedly connected to the other end of the gas supply pipe 7, a flow divider 9 set on the upper right side of the steam hood 8, a rotating shaft 10 rotatably connected inside the steam hood 8, an impeller 11 fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 10, and a generator 12 fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft 10; and a pressure relief mechanism: the pressure relief mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the drum cover 5.

[0019] Specifically, softened water is injected into the cavity between the steelmaking drum 1 and the outer shell 6. When the steelmaking drum 1 is smelting at high temperature, it absorbs the heat emitted from the drum wall through heat conduction. After absorbing heat, the water temperature rises rapidly and is heated to saturation during the steelmaking process, generating a large amount of medium-pressure steam. Driven by the pressure formed inside the system, this steam is accelerated and transported to the top of the steam hood 8 through the gas delivery pipe 7. Subsequently, the steam enters the steam hood 8 and is precisely converged into several high-speed jets through a nozzle on a specially designed diverter seat 9. These jets then precisely impact the blade grooves of the impeller 11, thereby efficiently converting the thermal energy and pressure potential energy carried by the steam into the mechanical energy of the impeller 11 rotation. Finally, the impeller 11 directly transmits the mechanical energy to the generator 12 through the fixed shaft 10, driving it to operate and generate electricity, completing a complete conversion and recycling process from the radiant heat of the abandoned furnace body to high-value electrical energy that can be directly used.

[0020] The outer shell 6 and the gas supply pipe 7 form a sealed cavity. The front of the outer shell 6 is equipped with an observation window with scale marks, which allows for real-time visual monitoring of the liquid level changes in the cavity. This enables operators to monitor the evaporation rate and replenish water in a timely manner. The rear of the outer shell 6 is equipped with a water inlet with a sealed cap. The bottom of the gas supply pipe 7 is rotatably connected to the right side of the outer shell 6 via a rotatable connecting ring. This prevents the gas supply pipe 7 from being damaged by torsional deformation or connection failure due to the rotation required for the steelmaking drum 1 during loading, unloading, and other operations. The bottom of the steam hood 8 and the generator 12 are fixedly connected to the top of the top plate 3.

[0021] The upper end of the gas supply pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the flow divider 9. The flow divider 9 has multiple exhaust ports inside, which evenly disperse the concentrated high-pressure steam flow into multiple independent jet streams, realizing multi-point synchronous drive of the impeller 11 blades. The outer end of the impeller 11 is provided with a groove corresponding to the exhaust port of the flow divider 9. The guiding effect of the groove enables the steam kinetic energy to be efficiently converted into the mechanical energy of the impeller 11 rotation, further improving the steam flow speed and energy conversion efficiency. The rear end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the transmission interface of the generator 12.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 In a preferred embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe 13 fixedly connected to the top of the barrel lid 5, an extension pipe 14 sleeved on the top of the pressure relief pipe 13, a connecting seat 15 fixedly connected inside the pressure relief pipe 13, a telescopic rod 16 fixedly connected to the top of the connecting seat 15, a circular piece 17 fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod 16, a spring 18 fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular piece 17, and an oxygen pipe 19 provided on the right side of the spring 18.

[0023] Specifically, in the initial stage of the blowing reaction, although the carbon in the molten iron begins to be oxidized and generates carbon monoxide gas, causing the pressure in the system to rise, as long as this pressure does not reach the preset critical value, it cannot overcome the preload force applied by the spring 18 to the disc 17. At this time, the valve remains closed, thereby effectively sealing the gas inside the high-temperature furnace. This intentional retention significantly prolongs the residence time of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, and utilizes the turbulence in the furnace to create crucial favorable conditions for further and thorough mixing with oxygen and continuous combustion, so that some chemical energy is directly released as heat energy in the furnace. As the blowing reaction continues, the amount of internal gas generated increases, causing the pressure to accumulate to a preset critical value. At this point, the upward pressure exerted by the gas on disc 17 completely overcomes the downward preload of spring 18, thereby pushing disc 17 upward and opening the pressure relief channel. At this time, due to the thorough mixing and initial combustion in the furnace, some carbon monoxide mixes with oxygen and is further combusted, achieving the maximum release of the chemical energy of carbon monoxide, reducing the carbon monoxide content in the exhaust gas, and making full use of heat while being more environmentally friendly.

[0024] The bottom of the pressure relief pipe 13 is connected to the extension pipe 14, and the top of the extension pipe 14 is slidably connected to the surface of the top plate 3. The surface of the connecting seat 15 is provided with a hollow opening, which provides the necessary space for the spring 18 to be accommodated and move, reducing the obstruction to pressure release.

[0025] The top of the disc 17 is attached to the top of the pressure relief pipe 13 to form a sealing interface, ensuring the sealing of the pressure relief system when the preset pressure threshold is not reached. The bottom of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting seat 15. The pre-tightening force of the spring 18 is precisely calculated to achieve reliable control of the pressure relief threshold. The oxygen pipe 19 is fixedly connected to the middle of the barrel cover 5.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment, the steelmaking drum 1 is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating frame 2 via connecting shafts on both sides. The bottom of the drum cover 5 can be attached to the top of the steelmaking drum 1 and the outer shell 6 to ensure the airtightness of the furnace during the smelting process to maintain the necessary reaction pressure and environment, while preventing the loss of heat energy and incompletely burned carbon monoxide.

[0027] Specifically, the rotating frame 2 enables the steelmaking drum 1 to reliably complete the tilting action during steel and slag tapping. The drum cover 5, which is attached to the top of the steelmaking drum 1 and the outer shell 6, ensures the airtightness of the furnace during the smelting process to maintain the necessary reaction pressure and environment, while also preventing the loss of heat energy and incompletely burned carbon monoxide.

[0028] Working principle: During use, after the loading stage is completed, the lifting rod 4 drives the drum cover 5 to descend, making it tightly fit against the top of the steelmaking drum 1 and the outer shell 6, forming a sealed reaction space. At this time, the oxygen pipe 19 begins to blow oxygen into the steelmaking drum 1, and the smelting process officially begins. In the early stage of blowing, the carbon elements in the molten iron are rapidly oxidized to generate carbon monoxide gas, causing the internal pressure of the system to gradually rise. When the system pressure has not reached the preset critical value, the spring 18 keeps the disc 17 closed through its preload, effectively sealing the gas. The residence time of carbon monoxide in the high-temperature furnace is intentionally prolonged. Turbulence within the furnace promotes thorough mixing and continuous combustion of carbon monoxide with oxygen, allowing chemical energy to be directly released as heat. When the internal pressure accumulates to overcome the preload of spring 18, the gas pushes disc 17 upwards, opening the pressure relief pipe 13 to discharge the exhaust gas. After the exhaust gas is discharged, the internal pressure decreases, disc 17 returns to its original position, ensuring complete combustion of the subsequently generated carbon monoxide. Simultaneously, softened water pre-filled in the cavity between the steelmaking ladle 1 and the outer shell 6 continuously absorbs the high-temperature heat conducted through the wall of the steelmaking ladle 1. As the blowing process proceeds, the softened water is heated to saturation and generates a large amount of steam. The steam is transported to the top of the steam hood 8 via the gas delivery pipe 7. The steam passes through specially designed nozzles on the distributor seat 9, forming a high-speed jet that impacts the impeller 11, converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, and finally passes through the rotating shaft 10.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. The substitutions may be replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or they may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking, comprising a steelmaking ladle (1) and a rotating frame (2) fixed to its outer side, wherein a top plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating frame (2), a lifting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate (3), and a ladle cover (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting rod (4), characterized in that, Also includes: Heat absorption mechanism: The heat absorption mechanism includes an outer shell (6) fixedly connected to the outside of the steelmaking drum (1), a gas supply pipe (7) fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell (6), a steam hood (8) fixedly connected to the other end of the gas supply pipe (7), a flow divider (9) provided on the upper right side of the steam hood (8), a rotating shaft (10) rotatably connected inside the steam hood (8), an impeller (11) fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (10), and a generator (12) fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft (10). Pressure relief mechanism: The pressure relief mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the barrel cover (5).

2. The energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (6) and the gas supply pipe (7) form a sealed cavity. The front side of the outer shell (6) is provided with an observation window with scale marks, and the rear side of the outer shell (6) is provided with a water inlet with a sealing cap. The bottom end of the gas supply pipe (7) is rotatably connected to the right side of the outer shell (6) through a rotatable connecting ring. The bottom of the steam hood (8) and the generator (12) are fixedly connected to the top of the top plate (3).

3. The energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the gas supply pipe (7) is fixedly connected to the flow divider (9). The flow divider (9) has multiple exhaust ports inside. The outer end of the impeller (11) is provided with a groove corresponding to the exhaust port of the flow divider (9). The rear end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly connected to the transmission interface of the generator (12).

4. The energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief pipe (13) fixedly connected to the top of the barrel cover (5). An extension pipe (14) is sleeved on the top of the pressure relief pipe (13). A connecting seat (15) is fixedly connected inside the pressure relief pipe (13). A telescopic rod (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting seat (15). A circular piece (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod (16). A spring (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the circular piece (17). An oxygen pipe (19) is provided on the right side of the spring (18).

5. The energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the pressure relief pipe (13) is connected to the extension pipe (14), the top of the extension pipe (14) is slidably connected to the surface of the top plate (3), and the surface of the connecting seat (15) is provided with a hollow opening.

6. The energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the disc (17) is attached to the top of the pressure relief pipe (13), the bottom of the spring (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting seat (15), and the oxygen pipe (19) is fixedly connected to the middle of the barrel cover (5).

7. The energy-saving structure for waste heat recycling in converter steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steelmaking drum (1) is rotatably connected to the middle of the rotating frame (2) via connecting shafts on both sides, and the bottom of the drum cover (5) can be attached to the top of the steelmaking drum (1) and the outer shell (6).

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