A paving spreader

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of paving spreading equipment, belong to road spreading technical field, including hopper and spreading roller, hopper includes guide plate and baffle plate assembly, baffle plate assembly includes baffle plate, baffle plate and guide plate are located at the output of hopper;Guide plate is arranged downwardly with baffle plate inclination, guide plate bottom end extends to the outside of baffle plate bottom;Spreading roller is located at the bottom of hopper, the top of spreading roller and the bottom end of guide plate are staggered and form angle groove, support assembly is equipped at the bottom of spreading roller, support assembly includes support seat and mounting seat, support seat is connected with the mounting seat by adjusting screw, mounting seat is equipped with rolling body, and rolling body is in contact with spreading roller. The scheme can realize uniform spreading of spreading equipment to different materials, improve the applicability of spreading equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a spreading machine, and more specifically, to a surface spreading machine. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in road paving construction, the spreader is mainly used for the uniform spreading of materials such as crushed stone and aggregates to form the base layer, bonding layer, or surface anti-skid structure of asphalt pavement. Traditional spreaders mostly use mechanical conveyor belts or rotating drums to transport materials, and control the spreading amount by adjusting the gate opening and conveyor speed. However, crushed stone materials have large particle size differences and poor flowability, and the particle size of the stones spread will also vary depending on the road surface. Therefore, the spreader needs to face various working conditions, not only to spread different types of stones, but also to ensure that different types of stones are spread evenly.

[0003] For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN204325872U, published on May 13, 2015, entitled "A Telescopic Stone Spreader with Steplessly Adjustable Spreading Width," discloses a spreading device including a chassis, an engine bracket mounted on the chassis, and a stone spreading device. The stone spreading device includes a hopper support frame and a left and right spreading hopper movably mounted on the hopper support frame. Both the spreading hopper and the right spreading hopper are equipped with material gates. The left and right spreading hoppers are non-contacting in their natural state. The telescopic stone spreader with steplessly adjustable spreading width also includes a relative position adjustment device mounted on the left and right spreading hoppers and a baffle plate fixedly mounted on the hopper support frame and corresponding to the material gate positions of the left and / or right spreading hoppers. The relative position adjustment device drives the left and right spreading hoppers to slide relative to each other. This solution is a telescopic gravel spreader with infinitely adjustable spreading width that can effectively improve work efficiency. However, this solution cannot meet the requirements of spreading equipment for spreading different types of stones, nor can it guarantee a uniform spreading effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention overcomes the limitations of existing spreading equipment in meeting the needs of different working conditions and in achieving uniform and effective spreading of different materials; it provides a surface spreading device that enables uniform spreading of different materials and improves the applicability of the spreading equipment.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a surface spreading device, including a feeding bin and a spreading roller. The feeding bin includes a guide plate and a baffle plate assembly. The baffle plate assembly includes a baffle plate, and the baffle plate and the guide plate are disposed at the output port of the feeding bin. The guide plate is arranged inclined downward toward the baffle plate, and the bottom end of the guide plate extends to the outer side of the bottom of the baffle plate. The spreading roller is disposed at the bottom of the feeding bin. The top of the spreading roller is offset from the bottom end of the guide plate and forms a corner groove. The bottom of the spreading roller is provided with a support assembly, which includes a support base and a mounting base. The support base and the mounting base are connected by an adjusting screw. The mounting base is provided with a rolling element, and the rolling element abuts against the spreading roller. The feeding hopper is used to hold the spreading material. The spreading roller can evenly spread the material output from the feeding hopper. The groove formed between the guide plate and the spreading roller can store the material output from the feeding hopper to a certain extent. Then, the rotation of the spreading roller can spread the material onto the road surface. The support component can support the spreading roller, and the height of the spreading roller can be adjusted by adjusting the screw. This allows adjustment of the size of the groove, thus accommodating the spreading of materials of different particle sizes and improving the applicability of the spreading equipment.

[0006] Preferably, the baffle assembly further includes a drive assembly, which includes a first drive device disposed outside the discharge hopper and a connector fixedly connected to the baffle. The output end of the first drive device is connected to the connector. The first drive device drives the connector to move, thereby driving the baffle to move and realizing the opening and closing action of the discharge hopper.

[0007] Preferably, the baffle plate has an arc-shaped structure, with one end of the connector connected to the baffle plate and the other end rotatably connected to the hinge shaft. The arc-shaped structure of the baffle plate allows for surface contact between the baffle plate and the guide plate when the connector rotates to close them, thus improving the baffle plate's ability to block the stone.

[0008] Preferably, the drive assembly further includes a second drive device located outside the discharge hopper and a limiting member located above the connecting member, with the output end of the second drive device connected to the limiting member. The second drive device is used to adjust the position of the entire limiting member, thereby adjusting the upper limit position of all connecting members at once, ensuring that the connecting members are within a suitable range, and thus improving the material blocking and discharge effect of the baffle plate.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting member is provided with an adjustment assembly, which includes a fixed seat located above the limiting member. An adjustment rod is threadedly connected to the fixed seat, and the end of the adjustment rod away from the fixed seat abuts against the connecting member. The adjustment assembly can adjust the upper limit position of the connecting member's height, ensuring that the position of the connecting member is within a suitable range, thereby improving the material blocking and discharging effect of the baffle plate.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding hopper is equipped with an auger mechanism, and feeding hoppers are located at both ends of the auger mechanism and on the feeding hopper. The feeding hoppers can transport materials to the feeding hopper, and the auger mechanism can evenly distribute the materials within the feeding hopper.

[0011] Preferably, the threads at both ends of the auger mechanism are oriented in the same direction, and a support member is provided in the middle of the auger mechanism. This direction of the threads at both ends of the auger allows the auger to convey materials from both sides to the middle of the discharge bin, ensuring even distribution of materials within the bin and improving the uniformity of material discharge. The support member in the middle of the auger mechanism provides support for the auger.

[0012] Preferably, along the spreading direction, a working platform and a central control room are respectively provided on both sides of the feeding hopper, and the feeding hopper can be adjusted along the spreading direction. The working platform allows the operator to stand and operate the entire spreading equipment, and the central control room is equipped with various power devices to provide power to the spreading equipment or improve its performance; the position of the feeding hopper can be adjusted to a certain extent to improve the spreading effect of the material.

[0013] Preferably, a traveling mechanism is provided on both sides of the feeding bin perpendicular to the spreading direction. The traveling mechanism can drive the entire spreading equipment to move along the spreading direction, achieving continuous spreading on the road; the traveling mechanism can adopt a traveling wheel structure (steel wheel, rubber wheel), track structure, etc., and is driven by an electric motor or hydraulic motor.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the spreading roller is provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the surface of the wear-resistant layer is provided with friction texture. The wear-resistant layer on the spreading roller can improve the service life of the spreading roller and prevent the stone from damaging the spreading roller. At the same time, the friction texture on the wear-resistant layer can improve the friction between the spreading roller and the stone, so that the stone can be spread more effectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) the spreading equipment can spread different particle sizes and different materials, and has stronger applicability; (2) the limit opening size of the baffle plate assembly can be adjusted to adjust the spreading amount and improve the spreading effect of the spreading equipment; (3) it can adaptively adjust the spreading amount on the slope section to ensure the consistency of the spreading thickness on the straight section and the slope section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention without the side panel installed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support component of this utility model; Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle assembly of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the drive component of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of another location of the drive component of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Feeding bin, 2. Guide plate, 3. Baffle plate, 4. Spreading roller, 5. Corner groove, 6. Support base, 7. Mounting base, 8. Rolling element, 9. First drive device, 10. Connecting piece, 11. Hinge shaft, 12. Second drive device, 13. Limiting piece, 14. Fixed base, 15. Adjusting rod, 16. Screw mechanism, 17. Feeding hopper, 18. Working platform, 19. Control room, 20. Traveling mechanism, 21. Front baffle, 22. Rear baffle, 23. Reinforcing piece, 24. Reinforcing rod, 25. Support base, 26. Traveling wheel, 27. Rear support base, 28. Elastic reset piece. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 7 The illustrated surface spreading device includes a feeding hopper 1 and a spreading roller 4 located at the bottom of the feeding hopper 1. The feeding hopper 1 includes a front baffle 21 and a rear baffle 22. The width of the feeding hopper 1 gradually decreases from top to bottom, forming a tapered feeding outlet. At the outlet, the bottom of the rear baffle 22 is located above the front baffle 21. An arc-shaped guide plate 2 is formed below the front baffle 21 and faces the rear baffle 22. The guide plate 2 is located below the front baffle 21, meaning that the guide plate 2 and the front baffle 21 are an integral structure. The guide plate 2 is located below the rear baffle 22 and maintains a certain interval for discharging crushed stone materials. In this embodiment, the front-back direction refers to the spreading direction of the spreading device, the forward direction is the direction in which the spreading device moves forward, and the other direction is the backward direction.

[0020] A baffle assembly is installed outside the feeding hopper 1. This baffle assembly can open and close between the rear baffle 22 and the guide plate 2, thereby opening or blocking the output port of the feeding hopper 1. Specifically, the baffle assembly is located outside the rear baffle 22 and includes a baffle plate 3 and a drive assembly, such as... Figure 5As shown, the drive assembly includes a first drive device 9, a connector 10, a second drive device 12, and a limiting member 13. A reinforcing member 23 is provided at the rear baffle 22 of the feeding hopper 1. The reinforcing member 23 is a steel pipe structure arranged along the length of the feeding hopper 1, which can ensure the stability of the feeding hopper 1 and prevent the feeding hopper 1 from deforming due to material pressure. The first drive device 9 and the second drive device 12 are both arranged on the reinforcing member 23.

[0021] Specifically, the first drive device 9 is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement 23 via a hinge seat. The top of the first drive device 9 is rotatably connected to the reinforcement 23. The bottom of the first drive device 9 is hinged to a connector 10, and the output end of the first drive device 9 is connected to the middle of the connector 10. Furthermore, one end of the connector 10 is provided with an arc-shaped baffle 3, and the other end is hinged to a hinge shaft 11. The hinge shaft 11 is fixed to the spreading device via a base. The baffle plate 3 is positioned close to the bottom outer side of the rear baffle plate 22, and a certain gap is maintained between the baffle plate 3 and the rear baffle plate 22 to ensure that the baffle plate 3 and the rear baffle plate 22 can generate relative displacement or misalignment. When the first drive device 9 is started, the output end of the first drive device 9 is activated, driving the connecting piece 10 to rotate around the hinge shaft 11, so that the baffle plate 3 can move up and down close to the outer side of the rear baffle plate 22, thereby causing the baffle plate 3 to abut or separate from the guide plate 2 below the rear baffle plate 22, that is, to complete the closing and opening of the output port of the discharge bin 1.

[0022] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the baffle plate 3 and the first driving device 9 are configured as multiple sets and continuously arranged along the length of the feeding bin 1. Each baffle plate 3 is driven by a set of first driving devices 9. This can improve the fault tolerance of the baffle plate 3, but under normal circumstances, the position of each baffle plate 3 is basically consistent. The baffle plate 3 adopts an arc-shaped curved surface structure. On the one hand, it adapts to the arc-shaped surface structure of the rear baffle 22 of the feeding bin 1. The arc-shaped design at the bottom of the rear baffle 22 can improve the structural strength of the bottom of the feeding bin 1. On the other hand, after the baffle plate 3 abuts and closes with the guide plate 2, the baffle plate 3 can form a certain degree of surface contact with the upper surface of the guide plate 2, thereby improving the material blocking effect of the baffle plate 3.

[0023] Furthermore, the second driving device 12 is arranged on the rear side of the reinforcing member 23 via a hinged seat. The top end of the second driving device 12 is rotatably connected to the reinforcing member 23, and the bottom end of the second driving device 12 is hinged to a limiting member 13. The limiting member 13 is a square steel pipe structure and is positioned above the connecting member 10. Specifically, the upper part of the connecting member 10 has a stepped structure, and the limiting member 13 is arranged near the stepped position of the connecting member 10. The limiting member 13 can be composed of a single pipe or multiple pipes spliced ​​together. The limiting member 13 is positioned above the connecting member 10, and its height can be changed by the drive of the second driving device 12, thereby limiting the upper limit position of the connecting member 10, which in turn limits the upper limit position of the baffle plate 3. At the same time, since the limiting member 13 is a straight pipe structure, it ensures that all connecting members 10 are at the same horizontal position, thus ensuring that the baffle plate 3 is at the same horizontal position. Before the material hopper 1 is opened, the second drive device 12 drives the limiting member 13 to a suitable position, and then the first drive device 9 drives the connecting member 10 to abut against the limiting member 13 to ensure that the opening size of each baffle plate 3 is consistent, thereby ensuring that the material discharge from the material hopper 1 can be more uniform.

[0024] An adjustment assembly is also provided above the limiting member 13. The adjustment assembly includes a fixed base 14 and an adjustment rod 15. Specifically, the fixed base 14 is a plate-shaped structure. One end of the fixed base 14 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the limiting member 13, while the other end is suspended behind the limiting member 13. A threaded hole is provided on the fixed base 14, and the adjustment rod 15 is threaded into the threaded hole on the fixed base 14. By rotating the adjustment rod 15, the adjustment rod 15 can abut against the connecting member 10 below the limiting member 13. A set of adjustment assemblies is provided for each set of connecting members 10. By rotating the adjustment rod 15, the connecting member 10 can be swung up and down for fine adjustment, changing the interval between the local baffle plate 3 and the guide plate 2, thereby adjusting the local feeding rate of the feeding hopper 1.

[0025] In this embodiment, both the first driving device 9 and the second driving device 12 adopt a cylinder structure, and the position adjustment of the connecting member 10 or the limiting member 13 is driven by the telescopic rod of the cylinder. A reinforcing rod 24 is also provided inside the feeding bin 1 to enhance the structural strength of the feeding bin 1.

[0026] A spreading roller 4 and a support assembly are provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper 1. The spreading roller 4 is located below the output port of the feeding hopper 1 and is arranged horizontally along the length of the feeding hopper 1. The top of the spreading roller 4 is basically flush with the bottom of the guide plate 2, or the bottom of the guide plate 2 is slightly lower than the top of the spreading roller 4 (this relative position can also be adjusted by the support assembly as needed). A certain gap is formed between the spreading roller 4 and the guide plate 2 to prevent the spreading roller 4 from rubbing against the guide plate 2 and damaging the parts when it rotates. The spreading roller 4 is located behind the guide plate 2, and a corner groove 5 is formed between the spreading roller 4 and the guide plate 2, which is the interval between the spreading roller 4 and the guide plate 2. Since the spreading machine mainly spreads materials such as gravel with relatively large particle size (compared to powdery materials), when the baffle plate 3 is opened, the material in the feed bin 1 will quickly flow downward to the corner groove 5. Since the material is gravel, the material will accumulate at the corner groove 5. After the material accumulates at the corner groove 5, it will hinder the feed bin 1 from continuing to output material. Only when the spreading roller 4 rotates and conveys the material on the corner groove 5 away can the feed bin 1 continue to output material. Figure 2 or Figure 4 In the process, the spreading roller 4 rotates counterclockwise to spread the material in the corner groove 5 onto the road surface. Furthermore, a faster spreading speed and a lower rotation speed of the spreading roller 4 result in a smaller amount of material spread per unit area on the road surface; conversely, a slower spreading speed and a higher rotation speed of the spreading roller 4 result in a larger amount of material spread per unit area on the road surface. In actual spreading operations, the spreading amount should reach 5 kg / m². Specifically, when the spreading equipment's travel speed is 1 m / min, the rotation speed of the spreading roller 4 is approximately 11 rpm; when the spreading equipment's travel speed is 2 m / min, the rotation speed of the spreading roller 4 is approximately 23 rpm.

[0027] It should be noted that, in order to enable the spreading roller 4 to better spread the material, a wear-resistant layer (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer surface of the spreading roller 4. The wear-resistant layer is made of stainless steel and has friction textures on its surface, which can improve the spreading effect of the spreading roller 4 on the material. The friction textures can be uneven circular grooves or triangular grooves. It should also be noted that, in this embodiment, the maximum particle size of the spread material is approximately 5 mm, and the opening height of the baffle plate 3 is approximately 15 mm.

[0028] The support assembly is located at the bottom of the spreading roller 4. Specifically, the support assembly includes a support base 6 and a mounting base 7. The support base 6 is an L-shaped plate structure. One side of the support base 6 is fixed to the spreading equipment, and the other side is provided with four sets of threaded holes. The mounting base 7 is located above the support base 6. Similarly, the mounting base 7 is also provided with four sets of threaded holes. The mounting base 7 and the support base 6 are connected by four sets of adjusting screws (not shown in the figure). The four sets of adjusting screws are respectively connected to the threaded holes on the mounting base 7 and the support base 6. Two sets of rolling elements 8 are also provided above the mounting base 7. Specifically, the rolling elements 8 are roller structures. The two sets of rollers abut against the two symmetrical sides of the bottom of the spreading roller 4, which can provide a support effect for the spreading roller 4. When the spreading roller 4 rotates, the two sets of rolling elements 8 can rotate together with the spreading roller 4 to ensure the rotation effect of the spreading roller 4. By adjusting the four sets of adjusting screws, the height of the mounting base 7 can be adjusted, thereby changing the height of the spreading roller 4. This alters the relative position of the top of the spreading roller 4 and the bottom of the baffle plate 3, allowing the size of the corner groove 5 to change. The support base 6 is installed in front of the spreading roller 4 and fixedly connected to the spreading equipment. This ensures that the support assembly is not located behind the spreading roller 4, preventing material interception and guaranteeing uniform material spreading.

[0029] A screw conveyor mechanism 16 is also arranged inside the feeding hopper 1. The screw conveyor mechanism 16 includes a spiral screw, which is a threaded rod structure. The spiral screw can be a single unit or multiple units spliced ​​together. The spiral directions of the spiral screws at both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism 16 are opposite. Feed hoppers 17 are provided at both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism 16. The feed hoppers 17 can transport crushed stone materials to the feeding hopper 1. Specifically, a bag-breaking device (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the feed hopper 17. When feeding, the bottom of the ton bag is punctured by the bag-breaking device, and the material inside the ton bag flows into the feeding hopper 1 under the action of gravity. The screw conveyor mechanism 16 can evenly transport the material accumulated on both sides of the feeding hopper 1 to the middle position of the feeding hopper 1, ensuring the uniformity of the material in the feeding hopper 1. It should be noted that a support member (not shown in the figure) is provided in the middle of the auger mechanism 16. When there is a single auger, the support member can support the middle of the auger and prevent it from bending and deforming. When there are two augers spliced ​​together, the support member can act as a hinge seat to support and connect the augers. It should also be noted that multiple sets of level gauges (not shown in the figure) are arranged horizontally in the discharge bin 1 to detect the amount of material in the discharge bin 1. When the material level is low, in order to prevent material shortage and spillage, the controller will automatically increase the speed of the auger and increase the conveying capacity until the material level reaches the high level. Conversely, when the material level reaches the high level, in order to prevent material overflow, the controller will automatically decrease the speed of the auger and decrease the conveying capacity until the material level drops to the low level.

[0030] On both sides of the feeding bin 1, a traveling mechanism 20 is also provided in the spreading direction perpendicular to the spreading device. The traveling mechanism 20 can be a traveling wheel or a track structure. In this embodiment, the traveling mechanism 20 adopts a traveling wheel structure. Specifically, the traveling mechanism 20 includes a support base 25 and traveling wheels 26 located at both ends of the support base 25. The traveling wheels 26 are integrated with the reducer to ensure the smooth movement of the traveling mechanism 20. In addition, a sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed on the traveling wheel 26. When the spreading machine is moving, the sensor detects the deviation between the spreading device and the set reference. When the deviation is greater than the set value, it controls one of the traveling wheels 26 to reduce or increase the rotation speed of the traveling wheel 26, so that the movement of the spreading device gradually returns to the reference position, realizing the automatic correction function.

[0031] Example 2: As Figures 1 to 3 as well as Figures 5 to 8 The illustrated surface spreading device includes a feeding hopper 1 and a spreading roller 4 located at the bottom of the feeding hopper 1. The feeding hopper 1 includes a front baffle 21 and a rear baffle 22. The width of the feeding hopper 1 gradually decreases from top to bottom, forming a tapered feeding outlet. At the outlet, the bottom of the rear baffle 22 is located above the front baffle 21. An arc-shaped guide plate 2 is formed below the front baffle 21 and faces the rear baffle 22. The guide plate 2 is located below the front baffle 21, meaning that the guide plate 2 and the front baffle 21 are an integral structure. The guide plate 2 is located below the rear baffle 22 and maintains a certain interval for discharging crushed stone materials. In this embodiment, the front-back direction refers to the spreading direction of the spreading device, the forward direction is the direction in which the spreading device moves forward, and the other direction is the backward direction.

[0032] A baffle assembly is installed outside the feeding hopper 1. This baffle assembly can open and close between the rear baffle 22 and the guide plate 2, thereby opening or blocking the output port of the feeding hopper 1. Specifically, the baffle assembly is located outside the rear baffle 22 and includes a baffle plate 3 and a drive assembly, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the drive assembly includes a first drive device 9, a connector 10, a second drive device 12, and a limiting member 13. A reinforcing member 23 is provided at the rear baffle 22 of the feeding hopper 1. The reinforcing member 23 is a steel pipe structure arranged along the length of the feeding hopper 1, which can ensure the stability of the feeding hopper 1 and prevent the feeding hopper 1 from deforming due to material pressure. The first drive device 9 and the second drive device 12 are both arranged on the reinforcing member 23.

[0033] Specifically, the first drive device 9 is connected to the bottom of the reinforcement 23 via a hinge seat. The top of the first drive device 9 is rotatably connected to the reinforcement 23. The bottom of the first drive device 9 is hinged to a connector 10, and the output end of the first drive device 9 is connected to the middle of the connector 10. Furthermore, one end of the connector 10 is provided with an arc-shaped baffle 3, and the other end is hinged to a hinge shaft 11. The hinge shaft 11 is fixed to the spreading device via a base. The baffle plate 3 is positioned close to the bottom outer side of the rear baffle plate 22, and a certain gap is maintained between the baffle plate 3 and the rear baffle plate 22 to ensure that the baffle plate 3 and the rear baffle plate 22 can generate relative displacement or misalignment. When the first drive device 9 is started, the output end of the first drive device 9 is activated, driving the connecting piece 10 to rotate around the hinge shaft 11, so that the baffle plate 3 can move up and down close to the outer side of the rear baffle plate 22, thereby causing the baffle plate 3 to abut or separate from the guide plate 2 below the rear baffle plate 22, that is, to complete the closing and opening of the output port of the discharge bin 1.

[0034] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the baffle plate 3 and the first driving device 9 are configured as multiple sets and continuously arranged along the length of the feeding bin 1. Each baffle plate 3 is driven by a set of first driving devices 9. This can improve the fault tolerance of the baffle plate 3, but under normal circumstances, the position of each baffle plate 3 is basically consistent. The baffle plate 3 adopts an arc-shaped curved surface structure. On the one hand, it adapts to the arc-shaped surface structure of the rear baffle 22 of the feeding bin 1. The arc-shaped design at the bottom of the rear baffle 22 can improve the structural strength of the bottom of the feeding bin 1. On the other hand, after the baffle plate 3 abuts and closes with the guide plate 2, the baffle plate 3 can form a certain degree of surface contact with the upper surface of the guide plate 2, thereby improving the material blocking effect of the baffle plate 3.

[0035] Furthermore, the second driving device 12 is arranged on the rear side of the reinforcing member 23 via a hinged seat. The top end of the second driving device 12 is rotatably connected to the reinforcing member 23, and the bottom end of the second driving device 12 is hinged to a limiting member 13. The limiting member 13 is a square steel pipe structure and is positioned above the connecting member 10. Specifically, the upper part of the connecting member 10 has a stepped structure, and the limiting member 13 is arranged near the stepped position of the connecting member 10. The limiting member 13 can be composed of a single pipe or multiple pipes spliced ​​together. The limiting member 13 is positioned above the connecting member 10, and its height can be changed by the drive of the second driving device 12, thereby limiting the upper limit position of the connecting member 10, which in turn limits the upper limit position of the baffle plate 3. At the same time, since the limiting member 13 is a straight pipe structure, it ensures that all connecting members 10 are at the same horizontal position, thus ensuring that the baffle plate 3 is at the same horizontal position. Before the material hopper 1 is opened, the second drive device 12 drives the limiting member 13 to a suitable position, and then the first drive device 9 drives the connecting member 10 to abut against the limiting member 13 to ensure that the opening size of each baffle plate 3 is consistent, thereby ensuring that the material discharge from the material hopper 1 can be more uniform.

[0036] An adjustment assembly is also provided above the limiting member 13. The adjustment assembly includes a fixed base 14 and an adjustment rod 15. Specifically, the fixed base 14 is a plate-shaped structure. One end of the fixed base 14 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the limiting member 13, while the other end is suspended behind the limiting member 13. A threaded hole is provided on the fixed base 14, and the adjustment rod 15 is threaded into the threaded hole on the fixed base 14. By rotating the adjustment rod 15, the adjustment rod 15 can abut against the connecting member 10 below the limiting member 13. A set of adjustment assemblies is provided for each set of connecting members 10. By rotating the adjustment rod 15, the connecting member 10 can be swung up and down for fine adjustment, changing the interval between the local baffle plate 3 and the guide plate 2, thereby adjusting the local feeding rate of the feeding hopper 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, both the first driving device 9 and the second driving device 12 adopt a cylinder structure, and the position adjustment of the connecting member 10 or the limiting member 13 is driven by the telescopic rod of the cylinder. A reinforcing rod 24 is also provided inside the feeding bin 1 to enhance the structural strength of the feeding bin 1.

[0038] A spreading roller 4 and a support assembly are provided at the bottom of the feeding hopper 1. The spreading roller 4 is located below the output port of the feeding hopper 1 and is arranged horizontally along the length of the feeding hopper 1. The top of the spreading roller 4 is basically flush with the bottom of the guide plate 2, or the bottom of the guide plate 2 is slightly lower than the top of the spreading roller 4 (this relative position can also be adjusted by the support assembly as needed). A certain gap is formed between the spreading roller 4 and the guide plate 2 to prevent the spreading roller 4 from rubbing against the guide plate 2 and damaging the parts when it rotates. The spreading roller 4 is located behind the guide plate 2, and a corner groove 5 is formed between the spreading roller 4 and the guide plate 2, which is the interval between the spreading roller 4 and the guide plate 2. Since the spreading machine mainly spreads materials such as gravel with relatively large particle size (compared to powdery materials), when the baffle plate 3 is opened, the material in the feed bin 1 will quickly flow downward to the corner groove 5. Since the material is gravel, the material will accumulate at the corner groove 5. After the material accumulates at the corner groove 5, it will hinder the feed bin 1 from continuing to output material. Only when the spreading roller 4 rotates and conveys the material on the corner groove 5 away can the feed bin 1 continue to output material. Figure 2 or Figure 4 In the process, the spreading roller 4 rotates counterclockwise to spread the material in the corner groove 5 onto the road surface. Furthermore, a faster spreading speed and a lower rotation speed of the spreading roller 4 result in a smaller amount of material spread per unit area on the road surface; conversely, a slower spreading speed and a higher rotation speed of the spreading roller 4 result in a larger amount of material spread per unit area on the road surface. In actual spreading operations, the spreading amount should reach 5 kg / m². Specifically, when the spreading equipment's travel speed is 0.5 m / min, the spreading roller 4 rotates at approximately 5 rpm; when the spreading equipment's travel speed is 1.5 m / min, the spreading roller 4 rotates at approximately 16.5 rpm.

[0039] It should be noted that, in order to enable the spreading roller 4 to better spread the material, a wear-resistant layer (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer surface of the spreading roller 4. The wear-resistant layer is made of stainless steel and has friction textures on its surface, which can improve the spreading effect of the spreading roller 4 on the material. The friction textures can be uneven circular grooves or triangular grooves. It should also be noted that, in this embodiment, the maximum particle size of the spread material is approximately 5 mm, and the opening height of the baffle plate 3 is approximately 15 mm.

[0040] The support assembly is located at the bottom of the spreading roller 4. Specifically, the support assembly includes a support base 6 and a mounting base 7. The support base 6 is an L-shaped plate structure. One side of the support base 6 is fixed to the spreading equipment, and the other side is provided with four sets of threaded holes. The mounting base 7 is located above the support base 6. Similarly, the mounting base 7 is also provided with four sets of threaded holes. The mounting base 7 and the support base 6 are connected by four sets of adjusting screws (not shown in the figure). The four sets of adjusting screws are respectively connected to the threaded holes on the mounting base 7 and the support base 6. Two sets of rolling elements 8 are also provided above the mounting base 7. Specifically, the rolling elements 8 are roller structures. The two sets of rollers abut against the two symmetrical sides of the bottom of the spreading roller 4, which can provide a support effect for the spreading roller 4. When the spreading roller 4 rotates, the two sets of rolling elements 8 can rotate together with the spreading roller 4 to ensure the rotation effect of the spreading roller 4. By adjusting the four sets of adjusting screws, the height of the mounting base 7 can be adjusted, thereby changing the height of the spreading roller 4. This alters the relative position of the top of the spreading roller 4 and the bottom of the baffle plate 3, allowing the size of the corner groove 5 to change. The support base 6 is installed in front of the spreading roller 4 and fixedly connected to the spreading equipment. This ensures that the support assembly is not located behind the spreading roller 4, preventing material interception and guaranteeing uniform material spreading.

[0041] A screw conveyor mechanism 16 is also arranged inside the feeding hopper 1. The screw conveyor mechanism 16 includes a spiral screw, which is a threaded rod structure. The spiral screw can be a single unit or multiple units spliced ​​together. The spiral directions of the spiral screws at both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism 16 are opposite. Feed hoppers 17 are provided at both ends of the screw conveyor mechanism 16. The feed hoppers 17 can transport crushed stone materials to the feeding hopper 1. Specifically, a bag-breaking device (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the feed hopper 17. When feeding, the bottom of the ton bag is punctured by the bag-breaking device, and the material inside the ton bag flows into the feeding hopper 1 under the action of gravity. The screw conveyor mechanism 16 can evenly transport the material accumulated on both sides of the feeding hopper 1 to the middle position of the feeding hopper 1, ensuring the uniformity of the material in the feeding hopper 1. It should be noted that a support member (not shown in the figure) is provided in the middle of the auger mechanism 16. When there is a single auger, the support member can support the middle of the auger and prevent it from bending and deforming. When there are two augers spliced ​​together, the support member can act as a hinge seat to support and connect the augers. It should also be noted that multiple sets of level gauges (not shown in the figure) are arranged horizontally in the discharge bin 1 to detect the amount of material in the discharge bin 1. When the material level is low, in order to prevent material shortage and spillage, the controller will automatically increase the speed of the auger and increase the conveying capacity until the material level reaches the high level. Conversely, when the material level reaches the high level, in order to prevent material overflow, the controller will automatically decrease the speed of the auger and decrease the conveying capacity until the material level drops to the low level.

[0042] On both sides of the feeding bin 1, a traveling mechanism 20 is also provided in the spreading direction perpendicular to the spreading device. The traveling mechanism 20 can be a traveling wheel or a track structure. In this embodiment, the traveling mechanism 20 adopts a traveling wheel structure. Specifically, the traveling mechanism 20 includes a support base 25 and traveling wheels 26 located at both ends of the support base 25. The traveling wheels 26 are integrated with the reducer to ensure the smooth movement of the traveling mechanism 20. In addition, a sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed on the traveling wheel 26. When the spreading machine is moving, the sensor detects the deviation between the spreading device and the set reference. When the deviation is greater than the set value, it controls one of the traveling wheels 26 to reduce or increase the rotation speed of the traveling wheel 26, so that the movement of the spreading device gradually returns to the reference position, realizing the automatic correction function.

[0043] Furthermore, a central control room 19 and a working platform 18 are also provided on the front and rear sides of the feeding hopper 1. The working platform 18 is located on the rear side of the feeding hopper 1, and the central control room 19 is located on the front side of the feeding hopper 1. The working platform 18 is erected on the support base of the traveling mechanism 20. The exterior of the central control room is a box or door structure, and various power devices (not shown in the figure) are arranged inside the box or door to provide power to the spreading equipment or improve the performance of the spreading equipment. For example, an air pump can be used to provide air source for the first drive device 9 and the second drive device 12; an air source processor is used for air source pressure; hydraulic oil tank, engine, diesel tank and cooling fan, etc. The central control room 19 is also arranged on the support base 25 of the traveling mechanism 20 and is driven by the traveling mechanism 20. A cover structure (not shown in the figure) is also installed on the top of the feeding bin 1. The cover structure is driven by hydraulic cylinders and connecting rods installed on both sides of the spreading machine. After the spreading equipment is started, the hydraulic cylinders automatically extend and the cover structure opens, making it easy for the staff to observe the feeding bin. After the spreading equipment is stopped, the hydraulic cylinders automatically retract and the cover structure closes, which can effectively prevent rainwater or other objects from entering the feeding bin 1.

[0044] It should be noted that the feeding bin 1 can also be adjusted relative to the spreading direction of the spreading device; that is, the feeding bin 1 can slide and fine-tune along the back-and-forth direction of the spreading device. Specifically, as... Figure 8 As shown, a rear support base 27 for fixing the central control room 19 is provided above the traveling mechanism 20. The support base 6 in the support assembly is fixed to the rear end face of the rear support base 27. The bottom of the front baffle 21 of the unloading bin 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the rear support base 27 and can slide relative to each other in the front and back directions. The bottom of the baffle plate assembly on the outer side of the rear baffle 22 of the unloading bin 1 is arranged on the support base 25 of the traveling mechanism 20 and can also slide relative to each other in the front and back directions. At the same time, the rear end of the baffle plate assembly is limited by the working platform 18. In this way, the unloading bin 1 is restricted between the working platform 18 and the central control room 19.

[0045] This solution enables the spreading equipment to achieve a uniform spreading effect on slopes. Specifically, when spreading on downhill sections, the spreading equipment operates at a slightly faster speed. Therefore, to ensure consistent material thickness on the road surface, the spreading equipment needs to adjust the material discharge rate to be faster. Conversely, when spreading on uphill sections, the spreading equipment operates at a slightly slower speed, requiring the material discharge rate to be slower. This ensures that the spreading thickness is similar on straight and sloping sections, improving the uniformity of the spreading effect.

[0046] The specific working principle is as follows: When the spreading equipment is spreading on a downhill section, the front side of the spreading equipment faces down and the rear side faces up, so the front side of the feeding bin 1 faces down and the rear side faces up. The feeding bin 1 slides towards the control room 19. At this time, since the position of the spreading roller 4 and the support assembly relative to the support base 25 of the traveling mechanism 20 remains unchanged, the horizontal distance between the top of the spreading roller 4 and the bottom of the guide plate 2 at the bottom of the feeding bin 1 increases, thereby increasing the corner groove 5. That is to say, after the feeding bin 1 discharges material, more material can be accumulated on the corner groove 5. The contact area between the accumulated material and the spreading roller 4 increases. When the spreading roller 4 rotates, more material can be spread out per unit time. When the spreading roller 4 rotates and spreads material, the feeding bin 1 will continue to convey material continuously, thus increasing the spreading amount of the spreading roller 4. Conversely, when the spreading equipment is spreading on an uphill section, the front side of the spreading equipment faces upward and the rear side faces downward, thus the front side of the feeding bin 1 faces upward and the rear side faces downward. The feeding bin 1 slides towards the working platform 18. At this time, the horizontal distance between the top of the spreading roller 4 and the bottom of the guide plate 2 at the bottom of the feeding bin 1 decreases, thereby reducing the size of the corner groove 5. In other words, after the feeding bin 1 discharges material, the material accumulation on the corner groove 5 decreases, and the contact area between the accumulated material and the spreading roller 4 decreases. When the spreading roller 4 rotates, the amount of material spread per unit time decreases, thus reducing the spreading amount of the spreading roller 4. Among them, elastic reset components 18 are provided between the front side of the feeding bin 1 and the main control room 19, and between the rear side of the feeding bin 1 and the working platform 18. The elastic reset component 18 is a spring structure, which on the one hand ensures that the spreading equipment has a buffering effect when on uphill and downhill sections, and on the other hand, it can also restore the spreading equipment to its initial position when on horizontal sections.

Claims

1. A surface spreading and spreading device, characterized in that, include The feeding hopper includes a guide plate and a baffle plate assembly. The baffle plate assembly includes a baffle plate, and the baffle plate and the guide plate are located at the output port of the feeding hopper. The guide plate is arranged inclined downward toward the baffle plate, and the bottom end of the guide plate extends to the outer side of the bottom of the baffle plate. The spreading roller is located at the bottom of the feeding hopper. The top of the spreading roller is offset from the bottom of the guide plate to form a corner groove. The bottom of the spreading roller is provided with a support assembly, which includes a support base and a mounting base. The support base and the mounting base are connected by an adjusting screw. The mounting base is provided with a rolling element, which abuts against the spreading roller.

2. The surface spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle assembly further includes a drive assembly, which includes a first drive device disposed outside the feeding hopper and a connector fixedly connected to the baffle, wherein the output end of the first drive device is connected to the connector.

3. The surface spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle plate has an arc surface structure. One end of the connector is connected to the baffle plate, and the other end of the connector is rotatably connected to the hinge shaft.

4. The surface spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly further includes a second drive device located outside the feeding hopper and a limiting member located above the connector, with the output end of the second drive device connected to the limiting member.

5. A surface spreading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting member is provided with an adjustment component, which includes a fixed seat located above the limiting member. An adjustment rod is threadedly connected to the fixed seat, and the end of the adjustment rod away from the fixed seat abuts against the connecting member.

6. A surface spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The feeding bin is equipped with an auger mechanism, and feeding hoppers are located at both ends of the auger mechanism and on the feeding bin.

7. A surface spreading device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The threads at both ends of the auger mechanism turn in opposite directions, and a support member is provided in the middle of the auger mechanism.

8. A surface spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Along the spreading direction, a working platform and a central control room are respectively provided on both sides of the feeding bin, and the feeding bin can be adjusted along the spreading direction.

9. A surface spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Traveling mechanisms are provided on both sides of the feeding bin, perpendicular to the spreading direction.

10. A surface spreading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The surface of the spreading roller is provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the surface of the wear-resistant layer is provided with friction texture.

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