A pier type roll-on roll-off terminal

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pier type roll on roll off wharf, including mooring pier, mooring pier, float, a plurality of positioning pile, lifting device, steel drawbridge and shore jetty, mooring pier has a plurality of, is used for the cable of mooring roll on roll off ship, a plurality of mooring piers are arranged between the two adjacent mooring piers, float is arranged between the two adjacent mooring piers, float and every positioning pile are slidingly connected respectively, and every positioning pile is vertically arranged, lifting device includes machine base, power mechanism and lifting platform, and the machine base fixed mounting is in pile foundation I, and power mechanism installs on the machine base and power mechanism connects lifting platform to be used for driving lifting platform to lift, and one end of steel drawbridge is hinged on lifting platform and the other end is placed on float, and one end of shore jetty is hinged on lifting platform and the other end is placed on the shore. The utility model can satisfy the mooring of large roll on roll off ship and the operation requirement of roll on roll off truck under the large water level difference change simultaneously, has safe and reliable, convenient to use, the advantage of low engineering cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wharf facilities, and more specifically, relates to a pier-type roll-on / roll-off wharf. Background Technology

[0002] Ro-Ro transport plays a vital role in modern waterway transportation due to its high loading and unloading efficiency and flexible operation. As a key node in Ro-Ro transport, the design of Ro-Ro terminals must be adaptable to different ship types and ensure that vehicles can safely and efficiently board and disembark.

[0003] Currently, in rivers and bays with large water level differences (such as large tidal ranges), roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) terminals adopt the structure of floating terminals. A floating terminal (or pontoon-type terminal) mainly relies on a large floating pontoon, which simultaneously undertakes two major functions: mooring (mooring and berthing) of ships and serving as a transition platform for Ro-Ro vehicles. A ramp connects the floating pontoon to the land, and the pontoon floats up and down with the water level, thus maintaining a suitable height difference with the stern ramp (shoal ramp) of the ship.

[0004] With the increasing trend towards larger roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) vessels, the requirements for berthing capacity at wharves are becoming increasingly stringent. To ensure the safe mooring of large vessels, the dimensions (length, width, and depth) of floating pontoons must be correspondingly increased. The massive structure of these floating pontoons is significantly affected by hydrodynamic factors such as wind, waves, and currents, making them prone to swaying, which hinders vessel mooring operations, reduces safety, and also affects the stability of Ro-Ro vehicle passage. The large hydrodynamic loads on large floating pontoons make effective horizontal restraint and anchoring (e.g., using anchor chains or positioning piles) extremely difficult and costly. In adverse sea conditions, there are risks of cable breakage and displacement. Large floating pontoons themselves have complex structures and high costs. Furthermore, to accommodate significant water level changes, the approach bridges connecting to the land area are typically very long, further increasing project investment. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, this utility model provides a pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal, which has a simple structure and can simultaneously meet the mooring and berthing safety of large roll-on / roll-off ships and the operation requirements of roll-on / roll-off vehicles loading and unloading roll-on / roll-off ships under large water level differences. It has the advantages of structural safety and reliability, convenient use and low engineering cost.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to this utility model, a pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal is provided, comprising mooring piers, berthing piers, floating pontoons, multiple positioning piles, a lifting device, a steel approach bridge, and a connecting trestle bridge, wherein: There are multiple mooring piers used to moor the cables of roll-on / roll-off ships. Multiple berthing piers are provided between two adjacent mooring piers; The floating dock is set between two adjacent berths so that the roll-on / roll-off vehicle can enter the roll-on / roll-off ship after passing through the floating dock; The pontoon is slidably connected to each of the positioning posts, and each of the positioning posts is vertically set to restrict the horizontal movement of the pontoon. The lifting device includes a base, a power mechanism, and a lifting platform. The base is fixedly installed on the pile foundation I. The power mechanism is installed on the base and connected to the lifting platform to drive the lifting platform to move up and down. One end of the steel approach bridge is hinged to the lifting platform, while the other end is placed on the floating platform; One end of the landing pier is hinged to the lifting platform while the other end is placed on the shore.

[0007] Preferably, the power mechanism is a winch.

[0008] Preferably, the pile foundation I includes a bored pile I and a cast-in-place pile cap I disposed on top of the bored pile I.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting trestle is placed on pile foundation II on the shore, and the pile foundation II includes bored piles II and a cast-in-place pile cap II set on top of the bored piles II.

[0010] Preferably, the cast-in-place foundation II has a notch and a step on the side near the connecting trestle bridge. One end of the connecting trestle bridge is located at the notch. A guide plate is provided on the step, and the guide plate connects with the channel of the connecting trestle bridge so that the roll-on / roll-off vehicle can reach the channel of the connecting trestle bridge via the guide plate.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the steel approach bridge placed on the pontoon has a roller I, and the roller I is in contact with the pontoon.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the approach bridge placed on the shore has a roller II, which is placed on the shore.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the steel approach bridge placed on the floating pontoon is hinged with a ramp, which is placed on the floating pontoon so that the roll-on / roll-off vehicle can pass over the ramp to reach the floating pontoon.

[0014] Preferably, the steel approach bridge is a steel truss bridge.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting trestle bridge is a steel truss bridge.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution conceived by this utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) This utility model provides a pier-type ro-ro terminal, which is equipped with multiple mooring piers for mooring and multiple berthing piers located between the mooring piers. These pier structures are all fixed hydraulic structures with extremely high rigidity and stability. The mooring force and berthing impact force of large ro-ro ships are entirely borne by these specially designed and sturdy mooring piers and berthing piers, while the floating pontoon no longer bears any mooring load from the ship and only serves as a transition platform connecting the steel approach bridge and the stern plate of the ro-ro ship. Therefore, this utility model, through functional separation, transfers the mooring and berthing operations of large ro-ro ships to mooring piers and berthing piers that are as safe and reliable as fixed piers, fundamentally solving the problem of poor stability and low safety of traditional large floating pontoons in wind and waves, and ensuring the safe berthing of large ships.

[0017] 2) In this utility model, a pier-type roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) terminal is provided. The floating pontoon rises and falls freely with the water level. At the same time, the power mechanism in the lifting device drives the lifting platform to rise and fall actively. One end of the steel approach bridge and the connecting trestle are hinged to the lifting platform. The power mechanism can actively adjust the height of the lifting platform to adapt to changes in water level. For example, at extremely high water levels, the floating pontoon rises to a high position, and the lifting platform can be raised to keep the slope of the steel approach bridge and the connecting trestle gentle. At extremely low water levels, the floating pontoon falls to a low position, and the lifting platform can be lowered to control the slope of the steel approach bridge and the connecting trestle. This design distributes the task of adjusting the total water level difference to the steel approach bridge, the connecting trestle, and the lifting device, ensuring that Ro-Ro vehicles can obtain a safe, smooth, and appropriately sloped passage under various water level conditions.

[0018] 3) This utility model provides a pier-type roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) terminal where the floating pontoon does not need to perform berthing functions for Ro-Ro vessels. This allows for the miniaturization of the floating pontoon, resulting in a geometrically lower cost for its structural design, construction, transportation, and installation compared to large pontoons, significantly reducing the overall project cost. The smaller floating pontoon experiences less load from wind and waves, exhibiting a more subtle motion response. Furthermore, multiple vertically positioned positioning piles provide a sliding connection, effectively limiting its horizontal movement. This makes the floating pontoon platform more stable during Ro-Ro operations, improving vehicle comfort and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention at a certain water level after the positioning stakes have been removed. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of point C in the middle.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a front view of the present invention at another water level after the positioning stakes have been removed.

[0021] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Mooring pier; 2. Mooring pier; 3. Floating pontoon; 4. Positioning pile; 5. Steel approach bridge; 6. Lifting device; 7. Shore access trestle; 8. Ro-Ro ship; 61. Engine base; 62. Power mechanism; 63. Lifting platform; 64. Pile foundation I; 641. Drilled pile foundation I; 642. Cast-in-place pile cap I; 9. Pile foundation II; 91. Drilled pile foundation II; 92. Cast-in-place pile cap II; 921. Notch; 922. Step; 51. Guide plate; 52. Roller I; 71. Roller II; 72. Approaching plank. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-6 A type of pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal includes a mooring pier 2, a berthing pier 1, a floating pontoon 3, multiple positioning piles 4, a lifting device 6, a steel approach bridge 5, and a connecting trestle bridge 7.

[0024] There are multiple mooring piers 2, which are used to moor the cables of the roll-on / roll-off ship 8.

[0025] Multiple mooring piers 1 are provided between two adjacent mooring piers 2. A passageway can be installed between each mooring pier 2 and the mooring pier 1 to facilitate walking from the mooring pier 1 to the mooring pier 2 to tie the mooring rope.

[0026] The floating pontoon 3 is slidably connected to each of the positioning posts 4, and each of the positioning posts 4 is vertically arranged to restrict the horizontal movement of the floating pontoon 3. The floating pontoon 3 can be mounted on the positioning post 4, or its outer side can abut against the positioning post 4, as long as the positioning post 4 can restrict the horizontal movement of the floating pontoon 3.

[0027] Each of the positioning stakes 4 is set vertically, and the floating pontoon 3 is slidably connected to each of the positioning stakes 4 so that the floating pontoon 3 can be raised and lowered.

[0028] The lifting device 6 includes a base 61, a power mechanism 62, and a lifting platform 63. The base 61 is fixedly installed on the pile foundation I 64. The power mechanism 62 is installed on the base 61 and connected to the lifting platform 63 to drive the lifting platform 63 to move up and down.

[0029] One end of the steel approach bridge 5 is hinged to the lifting platform 63, while the other end is placed on the floating pontoon 3.

[0030] One end of the landing trestle 7 is hinged to the lifting platform 63, while the other end is placed on the shore.

[0031] The pier-type roll-on / roll-off (Ro-Ro) terminal employs a combination design of mooring piers 2 and berthing piers 1, providing stable berthing support for Ro-Ro vessels 8. During strong winds and waves or when large vessels berth, multiple berthing piers 1 can evenly distribute the impact force on the hull, effectively reducing the pressure on individual floating pontoons 3, minimizing swaying, and ensuring vessel mooring safety. Simultaneously, the floating pontoons 3 are slidably connected to vertically positioned positioning piles 4, allowing them to rise and fall vertically with water level changes while limiting their horizontal displacement. This prevents significant swaying of the floating pontoons 3 due to external forces such as wind, waves, and currents, which could affect the stability of Ro-Ro vehicle passage. Compared to traditional floating terminals, this significantly improves the safety of Ro-Ro operations.

[0032] This utility model's pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal features an ingenious structural layout, combining the advantages of both floating and fixed wharves. The size of the floating pontoon 3 is significantly reduced compared to traditional floating wharves, decreasing its structural complexity and effectively lowering construction costs. Simultaneously, because the horizontal displacement of the floating pontoon 3 is restricted, a complex and expensive anchor chain system is unnecessary for horizontal positioning, further saving on project investment. Furthermore, the steel approach bridge 5 and the connecting trestle 7 are connected to the lifting platform 63 via a hinged connection, with one end placed on the floating pontoon 3 or on the shore. This connection method ensures the stability of the steel approach bridge 5 and the connecting trestle 7 while reducing their length. Compared to the excessively long approach bridges of traditional floating wharves, this reduces material usage and construction costs, and also improves the durability of the approach bridges.

[0033] The power mechanism 62 of the lifting device 6 drives the lifting platform 63 to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the docking height of the steel approach bridge 5 and the connecting trestle 7. In areas with large tidal variations, such as river estuaries and bays, the periodic rise and fall of water levels causes the height difference between ships and the dock to change continuously. The pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal uses the lifting device 6 to precisely adjust the height of the approach bridge, ensuring that the steel approach bridge 5 always docks smoothly with the floating pontoon 3, and that the connecting trestle 7 maintains a suitable height difference with the shore. This allows roll-on / roll-off trucks to smoothly and efficiently load and unload ships during both high and low tides, avoiding passage obstruction caused by water level changes and effectively improving the efficiency of roll-on / roll-off operations.

[0034] Furthermore, the power mechanism 62 employs a winch. The winch's precise control capability enables accurate docking between the steel approach bridge 5 and the floating pontoon 3, ensuring smooth passage of roll-on / roll-off vehicles. Its constant traction characteristic allows for stable lifting or lowering of the heavily loaded floating pontoon 3 and steel approach bridge 5, avoiding the risk of insufficient power or stalling, and ensuring operational safety. The winch has a simple structure, few potential failure points, adapts to the humid and variable environment of the dock, and operates stably over the long term.

[0035] Furthermore, the connecting trestle 7 is placed on pile foundation II9 on the shore. Pile foundation II9 includes bored piles II91 and a cast-in-place cap II92 located on top of the bored piles II91. The bored piles II91 penetrate deep into the ground, effectively transferring the load of the connecting trestle 7 to the deep bearing layer, greatly improving its bearing capacity and ensuring the stability and reliability of the trestle under frequent roll-on / roll-off vehicle traffic. This effectively avoids trestle settlement or damage due to insufficient foundation bearing capacity, ensuring smooth roll-on / roll-off operations. Secondly, the cast-in-place cap II92 is tightly integrated with the bored piles II91, forming a strong overall support structure. This structure can evenly distribute the load, resist horizontal loads and uneven settlement, enhance the stability of the trestle connection, reduce the risk of cracks or misalignment caused by local settlement of pile foundation II9, and extend the service life of the trestle. In addition, the design and construction of the pile foundation II9 is ​​highly flexible. The depth of the bored piles and the size of the cast-in-place pile cap can be adjusted flexibly according to the site geological conditions to adapt to different site requirements. Moreover, the cast-in-place pile cap has good integrity, strong crack resistance and corrosion resistance, and excellent durability, reducing long-term maintenance costs. It is particularly suitable for projects such as roll-on / roll-off wharves that need to be exposed to a humid water environment for a long time.

[0036] Furthermore, the cast-in-place foundation II 92 is provided with a notch 921 and a step 922 on the side near the connecting trestle 7. One end of the connecting trestle 7 is located at the notch 921, and a guide plate 51 is provided on the step 922. The guide plate 51 connects with the passage of the connecting trestle 7, so that roll-on / roll-off vehicles can reach the passage of the connecting trestle 7 via the guide plate 51. This design provides a smooth path for roll-on / roll-off vehicles to enter the connecting trestle 7 from the shore, effectively avoiding slippage or bumps when vehicles are moving up and down, and improving the smoothness and safety of passage. At the same time, the notch 921 provides a stable space for the placement of the connecting trestle 7 and the arrangement of the guide plate 51.

[0037] Furthermore, the pile foundation I64 includes bored pile I641 and a cast-in-place pile cap I642 disposed on top of the bored pile I641. The bored pile I641 penetrates deep into the foundation, which can effectively and evenly transfer the load of the superstructure to the deep bearing layer, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire pier-type roll-on / roll-off wharf.

[0038] Furthermore, one end of the steel approach bridge 5, which rests on the floating pontoon 3, has a roller I 52, which contacts the floating pontoon 3. The design of the roller I 52 significantly reduces the friction between the steel approach bridge 5 and the floating pontoon 3, reduces the burden on the power mechanism 62, improves response speed and flexibility, and ensures smooth and efficient loading and unloading of roll-on / roll-off vehicles. In addition, this design reduces wear on the surface of the floating pontoon 3 and the bottom of the steel approach bridge 5, lowers maintenance costs, and enhances structural durability.

[0039] Furthermore, the end of the approach bridge placed on the shore has a roller II 71, which is placed on the shore. The roller II 71 can significantly reduce the friction between the approach bridge and the shore surface.

[0040] Furthermore, a ramp 72 is hinged to one end of the steel approach bridge 5, which rests on the floating pontoon 3. The ramp 72 is placed on the floating pontoon 3 so that the roll-on / roll-off vehicle can reach the floating pontoon 3 after passing over the ramp 72. The ramp 72, placed on the floating pontoon 3, provides a gentle slope for the roll-on / roll-off vehicle to transition from the steel approach bridge 5 to the floating pontoon 3, significantly reducing bumps and impacts during vehicle passage and improving the smoothness and safety of passage. The ramp 72 adapts to the rising and falling changes of the floating pontoon 3, ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection between the steel approach bridge 5 and the floating pontoon 3, reducing the risk of vehicle tilting and slipping at the transition point, and enhancing the safety of roll-on / roll-off operations. Simultaneously, the application of the ramp 72 optimizes the vehicle's passage route, improves the efficiency of roll-on / roll-off operations, reduces energy consumption and wear on vehicles at the transition point, and extends the vehicle's service life.

[0041] Furthermore, the steel approach bridge 5 is a steel truss bridge, and the connecting trestle bridge 7 is a steel truss bridge. Steel truss bridges, with their lightweight and high strength characteristics, effectively reduce the bridge's self-weight while possessing strong load-bearing capacity, easily handling the frequent passage of heavy vehicles at the roll-on / roll-off terminal.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal, characterized in that, It includes mooring piers, berthing piers, floating pontoons, multiple positioning piles, lifting devices, steel approach bridges, and connecting piers, among which: There are multiple mooring piers used to moor the cables of roll-on / roll-off ships. Multiple berthing piers are provided between two adjacent mooring piers; The floating dock is set between two adjacent berths so that the roll-on / roll-off vehicle can enter the roll-on / roll-off ship after passing through the floating dock; The pontoon is slidably connected to each of the positioning posts, and each of the positioning posts is vertically set to restrict the horizontal movement of the pontoon. The lifting device includes a base, a power mechanism, and a lifting platform. The base is fixedly installed on the pile foundation I. The power mechanism is installed on the base and connected to the lifting platform to drive the lifting platform to move up and down. One end of the steel approach bridge is hinged to the lifting platform, while the other end is placed on the floating platform; One end of the landing pier is hinged to the lifting platform while the other end is placed on the shore.

2. The pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power mechanism is a winch.

3. The pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pile foundation I includes a bored pile foundation I and a cast-in-place pile cap I set on top of the bored pile foundation I.

4. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting trestle bridge is placed on pile foundation II on the shore. The pile foundation II includes bored piles II and a cast-in-place pile cap II set on top of the bored piles II.

5. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cast-in-place foundation II has a notch and steps on the side near the connecting trestle. One end of the connecting trestle is located at the notch. A guide plate is provided on the steps, and the guide plate connects with the channel of the connecting trestle so that roll-on / roll-off vehicles can reach the channel of the connecting trestle via the guide plate.

6. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel approach bridge has a roller I at one end placed on the floating pontoon, and the roller I is in contact with the floating pontoon.

7. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The approach bridge to the shore has rollers II at one end, which are placed on the shore.

8. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel approach bridge has a hinged ramp at one end, which is placed on the floating pontoon so that the roll-on / roll-off vehicle can pass over the ramp and reach the pontoon.

9. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel approach bridge is a steel truss bridge.

10. A pier-type roll-on / roll-off terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting trestle bridge is a steel truss bridge.

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