Anti-floating uplift equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to underground engineering technical field, and disclose an anti -floating anti -pulling equipment, include: the upper section and the lower section, the lower section swing setting in the lower end of upper section, the lower section can rotate about the axle core of upper section and be locked, radial anti -unhooking structure sets up in the side wall for anchoring of the lower section, radial anti -unhooking structure includes anti -unhooking piece, the gap and the lug, the side wall of lower section welds several anti -unhooking pieces, every anti -unhooking piece all sets up several gaps, the upper and lower sides of anti -unhooking piece all fixed mounting several lugs, the gap and the lug jointly form a cut saw surface in the edge of anti -unhooking piece, through the mechanical interlocking of anti -unhooking piece and soil mass, provided the pulling force of far greater than traditional friction type anchor rod, higher safety factor, need not complex rotary drive equipment, can complete installation only by relying on conventional pile driver, equipment is simple, construction speed is fast, and the comprehensive cost is low, through anti -unhooking piece can realize effective installation under a variety of geological conditions, and the application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underground engineering technology, and in particular to an anti-buoyancy and anti-pulling device. Background Technology

[0002] Underground engineering projects often require piling for reinforcement due to the difficulty of large-scale deep treatment. The issues of pile structure uplift and bearing capacity are problems that urgently need to be solved.

[0003] According to prior art, an X-type anti-buoyancy and anti-uplift pile (announcement number: CN205676888U) is disclosed. The pile body is cylindrical, and the pile body extends outward to form a first cone and a second cone with the pile body as the axis of rotation and no bottom surface. The first cone is located above the second cone and their apexes are connected. The first cone and the second cone are X-shaped when cut along the plane of the central axis of the pile body.

[0004] Existing technologies optimize the pile structure by anchoring it with an external cone. While the X-shaped cone can improve the buoyancy effect, it also increases the difficulty of construction. The larger contact area of ​​the cone increases the resistance of the pile entering the ground, indicating room for optimization.

[0005] Therefore, we propose an anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention mainly addresses the technical problem of the difficulty in the underground penetration of piles by providing an anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: an anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device, comprising: The upper section and the lower section are movably disposed at the lower end of the upper section, and the lower section can rotate around the axis of the upper section and be locked. A radial anti-detachment structure is installed on the side wall of the lower section for anchoring. The radial anti-detachment structure includes anti-detachment plates, notches, and protrusions. Several anti-detachment plates are welded to the side wall of the lower section. Each anti-detachment plate has several notches. Several protrusions are fixedly installed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-detachment plate. The notches and protrusions together form a cutting surface at the edge of the anti-detachment plate. A locking structure is installed at the end of the upper section to restrict the rotation of the lower section.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, both the upper and lower sections are cylindrical, with the lower end of the upper section chamfered to form a pointed tip.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, several guide plates are fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the upper section. The guide plates form trapezoidal plates and are fixed to the upper section by full welding. The guide plates are located near the ends of the lower section.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the anti-detachment plate is a spiral plate, with at least three anti-detachment plates evenly spaced on the circumferential surface of the lower section, and the anti-detachment plates are fully welded to the circumferential surface of the upper section.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the notch is a rectangular groove, the protrusion is a metal block with a blade-shaped cross-section, the protrusion is welded and fixed to the anti-detachment piece, a set of protrusions is provided between two adjacent notches, and the two protrusions in the same set are located on the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-detachment piece respectively.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the locking structure includes a shaft, an end plate, a thrust rod, and a locking hole. The shaft is fixedly connected to the lower section and rotatably connected to the upper section. The end plate is disposed at the upper end of the shaft, and several thrust rods penetrating the upper section are fixedly installed at the bottom of the end plate. Several locking holes are opened at the upper end of the lower section, and the thrust rods can be inserted into the locking holes to restrict the axial rotation of the lower section.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper end of the upper section is provided with a shaft hole, the shaft is rotatably disposed in the shaft hole, and the inner bottom surface of the upper section is provided with a plurality of circular holes for the thrust rod to pass through, the thrust rod passing through the circular holes and extending into the lock hole.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the locking structure further includes a reinforcing screw and a washer. A threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the shaft, and the reinforcing screw is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. A washer is provided below the reinforcing screw, and the reinforcing screw can press down on the washer limiting end plate.

[0015] This utility model provides an anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device utilizes the reaction force exerted by the soil on the spiral anti-detachment plate, enabling the anti-detachment plate to rotate around the axis of the upper section. The anti-detachment plate and the notched spiral rotation are used to drive it into the ground. The spiral anti-detachment plate inhibits both sinking and floating. Through the mechanical interlock between the anti-detachment plate and the soil, it provides pull-out resistance far exceeding that of traditional friction anchors, resulting in a higher safety factor. No complex rotation drive equipment is required; installation can be completed using only a conventional pile driver. The equipment is simple, construction is fast, and the overall cost is low. The anti-detachment plate enables effective installation under various geological conditions (from soft soil to hard clay), making it widely applicable. The spiral anti-detachment plate facilitates the lower section's entry into the ground and enhances the radial anchoring effect.

[0016] 2. This anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device uses alloy protrusions and anti-detachment plates. The notches and protrusions make the edge of the anti-detachment plate form a saw-tooth cutting surface, which facilitates the lower section to be screwed into the ground to form an anchor. Secondly, with the help of the guide plate, the upper section is radially guided. When the lower section drives the upper section into the ground, the upper section will only be radially inserted into the underground structure to ensure the stability of the lower section being squeezed and rotated by the soil.

[0017] 3. This anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device, by tightening the reinforcing screw, compresses the washer, thus limiting the end plate. The end plate then pushes the thrust rod through the circular hole to the corresponding locking hole. At this point, the lower section cannot rotate relative to the upper section, and the upper section remains relatively stationary axially. To rotate the lower section, the reinforcing screw, washer, and end plate can be removed. In extremely hard formations, if autonomous rotation is difficult, an external wrench can be used to temporarily hold the lower section in place, allowing for manual pre-drilling to a certain depth before initiating the hammering process. This demonstrates the adaptability and practicality of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the overall perspective views of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the second overall perspective view of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the upper and lower sections of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper section mounting shaft and thrust rod of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional view of the anti-detachment plate of this utility model.

[0019] Legend: 10. Upper section; 11. Lower section; 12. Guide plate; 13. Shaft; 14. End plate; 15. Thrust rod; 16. Locking hole; 17. Reinforcing screw; 18. Washer; 20. Anti-detachment plate; 21. Notch; 22. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0020] An anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The upper section 10 and the lower section 11 are movably located at the lower end of the upper section 10. The lower section 11 can rotate around the axis of the upper section 10 and be locked. like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, a radial anti-detachment structure is installed on the side wall of the lower section 11 for anchoring. The radial anti-detachment structure includes anti-detachment plates 20, notches 21, and protrusions 22. Several anti-detachment plates 20 are welded to the side wall of the lower section 11. Each anti-detachment plate 20 has several notches 21. Several protrusions 22 are fixedly installed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-detachment plate 20. The notches 21 and protrusions 22 together form a cutting surface at the edge of the anti-detachment plate 20. Both the upper section 10 and the lower section 11 are cylinders. The lower end of the upper section 10 is chamfered to form a pointed tip. Several protrusions 22 are fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the upper section 10. Guide plate 12, guide plate 12 forms a trapezoidal plate, guide plate 12 is fixed to upper section 10 by full welding, guide plate 12 is near the end of lower section 11, anti-detachment plate 20 is a spiral plate, at least three anti-detachment plates 20 are equidistantly arranged on the circumferential surface of lower section 11, anti-detachment plates 20 are fully welded to the circumferential surface of upper section 10, notch 21 is a rectangular groove, protrusion 22 is a metal block with a blade-shaped cross section, protrusion 22 is welded and fixed to anti-detachment plate 20, a set of protrusions 22 is arranged between two adjacent notches 21, and the two protrusions 22 in the same set are located on the upper and lower surfaces of anti-detachment plate 20 respectively; In this design, the upper section 10 is driven into the ground by a pile driver or other hammering equipment, while the tip of the lower section 11 facilitates its drilling into hard underground structures. The soil provides a reaction force to the spiral anti-detachment plate 20, allowing it to rotate around the axis of the upper section 10. The anti-detachment plate 20 and the notch 21 are spirally driven into the ground. The spiral anti-detachment plate 20 can inhibit its sinking and floating. Through the mechanical interlock between the anti-detachment plate 20 and the soil, it provides a pull-out resistance much greater than that of traditional friction anchors, resulting in a higher safety factor. It does not require complex rotation drive equipment and can be installed using only a conventional pile driver. The equipment is simple, the construction speed is fast, and the overall cost is low. The anti-detachment plate 20 can be effectively installed under various geological conditions (from soft soil to hard clay), making it widely applicable.

[0021] Through the alloy protrusions 22 and anti-detachment plates 20, the notch 21 and protrusions 22 make the edge of the anti-detachment plate 20 form a saw-tooth cutting surface, which makes it easy for the lower section 11 to be screwed into the ground to form an anchor. Secondly, in conjunction with the guide plate 12 to guide the upper section 10 radially, when the lower section 11 drives the upper section 10 into the ground, the upper section 10 will only be inserted radially into the underground structure to ensure the stability of the lower section 11 being squeezed and rotated by the soil.

[0022] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a locking structure is provided at the end of the upper section 10 to restrict the rotation of the lower section 11; The locking structure includes a shaft 13, an end plate 14, a thrust rod 15, and a locking hole 16. The shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the lower section 11 and rotatably connected to the upper section 10. The end plate 14 is located at the upper end of the shaft 13. Several thrust rods 15 penetrating the upper section 10 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the end plate 14. Several locking holes 16 are opened at the upper end of the lower section 11. The thrust rods 15 can be inserted into the locking holes 16 to restrict the axial rotation of the lower section 11. The upper end of the upper section 10 has a shaft hole. The shaft 13 is rotatably located in the shaft hole. Several round holes for the thrust rods 15 to pass through are opened on the inner bottom surface of the upper section 10. The thrust rods 15 extend through the round holes into the locking holes 16. The locking structure also includes a reinforcing screw 17 and a washer 18. The upper end of the shaft 13 has a threaded hole. The reinforcing screw 17 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The washer 18 is located below the reinforcing screw 17. The reinforcing screw 17 can press down on the washer 18 to limit the end plate 14. In this design, different construction methods are required for different soil types, which may necessitate flexible adjustments to the movement of the lower section 11. For example, the lower section 11 may be inserted longitudinally in sync with the upper section 10, or the upper section 10 may be inserted longitudinally into the soil while the lower section 11 needs to be screwed into the soil. By tightening the reinforcing screw 17, the reinforcing screw 17 compresses the washer 18, thus limiting the end plate 14. The end plate 14 then pushes the thrust rod 15 through the circular hole to the corresponding locking hole 16. At this point, the lower section 11 cannot rotate relative to the upper section 10, and the upper section 10 can remain relatively stationary axially. When rotation of the lower section 11 is needed, the reinforcing screw 17, washer 18, and end plate 14 can be removed. In extremely hard strata, if autonomous rotation is difficult, an external wrench can be used to temporarily hold the lower section 11 in place, allowing for manual pre-drilling to a certain depth before initiating the hammering process. This demonstrates the adaptability and practicality of the equipment.

[0023] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The upper section 10 is driven into the ground by a pile driver or other hammering equipment. The tip of the lower section 11 facilitates its drilling into hard underground structures. The soil provides a reaction force to the spiral anti-detachment plate 20, allowing it to rotate around the axis of the upper section 10. The spiral rotation of the anti-detachment plate 20 and the notch 21 allows it to be driven into the ground. The spiral shape of the anti-detachment plate 20 inhibits its sinking and floating. Through the mechanical interlocking between the anti-detachment plate 20 and the soil, it provides a pull-out resistance far greater than that of traditional friction anchors. The alloy protrusions 22 and the anti-detachment plate 20, along with the notch 21 and the protrusions 22, create serrated edges on the anti-detachment plate 20. The saw cuts the surface to facilitate the lower section 11 to be screwed into the ground to form an anchor. Secondly, in conjunction with the guide plate 12, the upper section 10 is radially guided. When the lower section 11 drives the upper section 10 into the ground, the upper section 10 will only be radially inserted into the underground structure to ensure the stability of the lower section 11 under the pressure of the soil. By tightening the reinforcing screw 17, the reinforcing screw 17 compresses the washer 18, which limits the end plate 14. Then, the end plate 14 pushes the thrust rod 15 through the round hole to the corresponding locking hole 16. At this time, the lower section 11 cannot rotate relative to the upper section 10, and the upper section 10 can remain relatively stationary with respect to the axial direction of the upper section 10. When the lower section 11 needs to rotate, the reinforcing screw 17, washer 18 and end plate 14 can be removed. The anti-detachment plate 20 has a helix angle of 15°-25°, preferably 20°; the pitch is 0.8-1.2 times the diameter of the lower section 11; and a double-headed or triple-headed helical design is adopted to improve drilling stability.

[0024] The thickness of the anti-detachment patch 20 is 8-12mm, and the width is 50-80mm; the ratio of the outer diameter of the anti-detachment patch 20 to the diameter of the lower section 11 is 2.5-3.5:1.

[0025] The depth of the notch 21 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the anti-detachment patch 20, the width is 10-15mm, the distance between adjacent notches is 30-50mm, and the axis of the notch forms an angle of 45°-60° with the edge of the anti-detachment patch; The upper section 10 and lower section 11 are made of 42CrMo alloy steel and are heat-treated to a hardness of HRC28-32; the anti-detachment plate 20 and the protrusion 22 are made of wear-resistant alloy steel (such as Hardox500) and are surface hardened to a hardness of HRC55-60.

[0026] The bump 22 and the anti-detachment piece 20 are welded with high-strength welding rods (such as E7018), the weld height is not less than 6mm, and 100% ultrasonic flaw detection is performed.

[0027] The guide plate 12 is made of Q345B steel plate with a thickness of 12-16mm. It is connected to the upper section 10 by bevel welding, and the weld grade is Grade 1. The diameter of the shaft 13 is 0.4-0.6 times that of the upper section 10. It is made of 40CrNiMoA material and has a yield strength of not less than 900MPa after quenching and tempering.

[0028] The diameter of the thrust rod 15 is 20-30mm, and the fit tolerance with the lock hole 16 is H7 / g6 to ensure that the fit does not fail when subjected to the maximum working torque.

[0029] The performance grade of the reinforcing screw 17 is 8.8, and the preload torque is 200-300 N·m, ensuring that the end plate 14 can be clamped. When constructing in general clay layers, it is recommended to use a pile driver with a hammering energy of 25-35kJ and a hammering frequency of 40-60 times / minute. When constructing in sandy soil layers, a high-pressure water injection hole can be set at the tip of the lower section 11, and drilling can be assisted by water pressure of 0.5-1.0MPa. When constructing in gravel layers, it is recommended to first use a pilot hole with a smaller diameter, approximately 70%-80% of the diameter of the lower section 11.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device, characterized in that, include: The upper section (10) and the lower section (11) are movably disposed at the lower end of the upper section (10), and the lower section (11) can rotate around the axis of the upper section (10) and be locked. A radial anti-detachment structure is set on the side wall of the lower section (11) for anchoring. The radial anti-detachment structure includes an anti-detachment plate (20), a notch (21) and a protrusion (22). Several anti-detachment plates (20) are welded to the side wall of the lower section (11). Several notches (21) are opened in each anti-detachment plate (20). Several protrusions (22) are fixedly installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-detachment plate (20). The notches (21) and the protrusions (22) together form a cutting surface on the edge of the anti-detachment plate (20). A locking structure is provided at the end of the upper section (10) to restrict the rotation of the lower section (11).

2. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper section (10) and the lower section (11) are cylinders, and the lower end of the upper section (10) is chamfered to form a pointed tip.

3. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several guide plates (12) are fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the upper section (10). The guide plates (12) form trapezoidal plates and are fixed to the upper section (10) by full welding. The guide plates (12) are close to the end of the lower section (11).

4. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-detachment plate (20) is a spiral plate, and at least three anti-detachment plates (20) are equidistantly arranged on the circumferential surface of the lower section (11). The anti-detachment plates (20) are fully welded to the circumferential surface of the upper section (10).

5. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch (21) is a rectangular groove, and the protrusion (22) is a metal block with a blade-shaped cross section. The protrusion (22) is welded and fixed to the anti-detachment piece (20). A set of protrusions (22) is set between two adjacent notches (21), and the two protrusions (22) in the same set are located on the upper and lower surfaces of the anti-detachment piece (20) respectively.

6. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure includes a shaft (13), an end plate (14), a thrust rod (15), and a locking hole (16). The shaft (13) is fixedly connected to the lower section (11) and rotatably connected to the upper section (10). The end plate (14) is located at the upper end of the shaft (13). Several thrust rods (15) penetrating the upper section (10) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the end plate (14). Several locking holes (16) are opened at the upper end of the lower section (11). The thrust rods (15) can be inserted into the locking holes (16) to restrict the axial rotation of the lower section (11).

7. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper section (10) is provided with a shaft hole, and the shaft (13) is rotatably disposed in the shaft hole. The inner bottom surface of the upper section (10) is provided with several round holes for the push rod (15) to pass through, and the push rod (15) extends through the round holes into the lock hole (16).

8. The anti-buoyancy and anti-pull-out device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking structure also includes a reinforcing screw (17) and a washer (18). The upper end of the shaft (13) is provided with a threaded hole. The reinforcing screw (17) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The washer (18) is provided below the reinforcing screw (17). The reinforcing screw (17) can press down the washer (18) to limit the end plate (14).

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