Adjustable uplift suction pile

Abstract

The utility model relates to support pile leveling technical field especially, it relates to a adjustable anti -pulling suction pile, include: the pile body, including the first pile body in upper portion and the second pile body of setting in the first pile body lower part, telescopic anti -pulling unit, the first pile body is equipped with the oblique containing cavity for containing telescopic anti -pulling unit, telescopic anti -pulling unit includes a plurality of setting in the oblique containing cavity anti -pulling piece and is used for driving telescopic anti -pulling unit to first angle oblique outward or oblique downward retracting in the oblique containing cavity drive mechanism, telescopic anti -pulling unit and drive mechanism coaxial oblique setting and with horizontal plane first angle, soil plug cleaning unit, set up in the second pile body, control system is used for controlling telescopic anti -pulling unit and soil plug cleaning unit work. The utility model discloses through setting telescopic anti -pulling unit and soil plug cleaning unit, reduced the resistance in the pile body subsidence process, has realized the dynamic adjustment of suction pile anti -pulling force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of leveling technology for support piles, and in particular to an adjustable anti-pull-out suction pile. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of marine resource development (such as offshore wind power and cross-sea bridges), the importance of pull-out pile foundations, as key infrastructure supporting the superstructure and resisting huge wave forces, wind forces, and other uplift loads, has become increasingly prominent. Among them, suction piles have been widely used in engineering projects due to their advantages such as convenient installation, accurate positioning, and relatively low cost.

[0003] To enhance the pull-out resistance of traditional suction piles, fixed pull-out columns or similar structures are installed on the outside of the pile body. This increases the pull-out resistance through a mechanical embedding effect. For example, patent application CN202321300916.X discloses a pull-out suction pile, which includes: a pile body with a negative pressure cavity inside; an opening on the bottom wall of the pile body connected to the negative pressure cavity; multiple pull-out columns on the outer wall of the pile body; and a drainage hole on the top wall of the pile body connected to the negative pressure cavity. This patent improves the pull-out resistance of the suction pile by using pull-out columns on the outer wall of the pile body, effectively enhancing the stability of the suction pile.

[0004] However, this type of structure has the following disadvantages: First, the pull-out columns fixed around the pile body will generate great resistance during the pile penetration process, which will seriously interfere with or even hinder the pile body from sinking to the design elevation, causing great difficulties for construction; Second, the pull-out piles cannot be adjusted during service, and once installed, their pull-out bearing capacity cannot be adjusted according to actual needs. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model proposes an adjustable pull-out suction pile to solve the problem that existing pull-out suction piles experience significant resistance and cannot dynamically adjust their pull-out bearing capacity during sinking.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An adjustable pull-out suction pile, comprising:

[0008] The pile body includes a first pile body located at the top for improving the pull-out bearing capacity of the pull-out suction pile and a second pile body located at the bottom of the first pile body;

[0009] A telescopic pull-out unit, wherein the first pile body is provided with an inclined receiving cavity for accommodating the telescopic pull-out unit, the telescopic pull-out unit includes a plurality of pull-out members disposed in the inclined receiving cavity and a driving mechanism for driving the telescopic pull-out unit to extend obliquely upward or retract obliquely downward into the inclined receiving cavity at a first angle, the telescopic pull-out unit and the driving mechanism are coaxially and obliquely disposed at a first angle with the horizontal plane;

[0010] A soil plug cleaning unit is installed inside the second pile body to clean the soil plugs formed during the sinking of the pull-out suction pile;

[0011] A control system is used to control the operation of the telescopic pull-out unit and the soil plug cleaning unit.

[0012] Preferably, the lower part of the pull-out member is provided with at least one negative pressure cavity, and the opening end of the negative pressure cavity facing the soil is provided with a filter screen to improve the pull-out force of the pull-out suction pile through the adsorption force generated between the negative pressure and the soil; the pull-out member is provided with a first secondary pumping pipe communicating with the negative pressure cavity, the first pile body is provided with a main pumping pipe along its length, the first secondary pumping pipe is connected to the main pumping pipe through a telescopic pipe, the main pumping pipe is connected to a pumping pump located outside the pull-out suction pile, the telescopic length of the telescopic pipe is greater than the extension length of the pull-out member, and the pumping pump is connected to a control system.

[0013] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the pull-out resisting member along its length is a right trapezoid, and the front end of the pull-out resisting member away from the driving mechanism is an arc-shaped surface, the curvature of which is the same as the curvature of the first pile body at the opening of the inclined accommodating cavity; the cross section of the negative pressure cavity is rectangular and the opening is located at the bottom of the pull-out resisting member.

[0014] Preferably, the pull-out suction pile further includes a pressure sensor, which is embedded in the arc-shaped surface of the pull-out member and is used to monitor the contact pressure between the pull-out member and the soil in real time.

[0015] Preferably, the driving mechanism is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the first accommodating cavity, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is movably fixed to the anti-pull-out member through a limiting structure. The limiting structure is arranged in a circular array around the central axis of the anti-pull-out member inside the end of the anti-pull-out member near the double-acting hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the rear end of the pull-out member is provided with a first mounting hole to facilitate the insertion of the piston rod, and a plurality of stepped second mounting holes for mounting the limiting structure are provided on the periphery of the first mounting hole and at a position corresponding to the annular limiting groove. The second mounting holes are in communication with the first mounting hole.

[0017] The second mounting hole includes a stepped large hole and a first guide hole and a second guide hole on the same axis respectively disposed at both ends of the stepped large hole, wherein the first guide hole communicates with the first mounting hole;

[0018] The limiting structure includes a limiting post, the front end of the limiting post has a first slope, the limiting post is provided with an annular limiting platform near the first slope, and a spring is sleeved on the end of the limiting post away from the first slope. One end of the spring abuts against the annular limiting platform, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the stepped large hole.

[0019] The piston rod has a second slope at its front end that cooperates with the first slope to push the limiting post back into the second mounting hole. The piston rod has an annular limiting groove near the second slope. The limiting post extends out of the second mounting hole under the elastic force of the spring.

[0020] Preferably, the upper part of the second pile body has a closed first accommodating cavity, and the lower part of the first accommodating cavity has a second accommodating cavity with an opening facing downward. The soil plug cleaning unit includes a submersible motor located in the first accommodating cavity and a rotating cutter head located in the second accommodating cavity. The rotating cutter head is connected to the output shaft of the submersible motor by rotating a rotating rod that passes through the first accommodating cavity. The rotation of the submersible motor drives the rotating cutter head to rotate to remove the soil plug.

[0021] Preferably, the pull-out suction pile further includes a jet unit for removing soil plugs in conjunction with the rotating cutter head. The jet unit includes a plurality of nozzles disposed on the upper part of the second accommodating cavity. The plurality of nozzles are connected to a water inlet pipe disposed in the pull-out suction pile. The water inlet of the water inlet pipe is connected to a water pump disposed outside the pull-out suction pile. The water pump is connected to the control system.

[0022] Preferably, the pull-out suction pile further includes a submersible pump connected to the control system for extracting mud from the second accommodating cavity. The submersible pump is disposed in the first accommodating cavity. The upper part of the second accommodating cavity is provided with a water inlet communicating with the first accommodating cavity. The water inlet of the submersible pump is connected to the water inlet, and the water outlet of the submersible pump is connected to the main water inlet through a second secondary water inlet pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the first angle range is 10°-15°, both the first pile body and the second pile body are provided with a 50-100μm anti-corrosion coating, and the pull-out member is made of GFRP composite material with 60% glass fiber volume fraction.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention incorporates a telescopic pull-out resisting unit and a soil plug cleaning unit. During pile sinking, the telescopic pull-out resisting unit retracts into the pile body, reducing sinking resistance. Simultaneously, when the soil plug density (detected by a soil plug density sensor) is high, the control system activates the soil plug cleaning unit to clean the soil plug located at the bottom of the second pile, improving sinking efficiency. When the pile sinks to the design elevation, the control system activates the drive mechanism to extend the pull-out resisting member into the surrounding soil layer. The extension length of the pull-out resisting member is dynamically adjusted as needed to adjust the pull-out bearing capacity of the suction pile to meet design requirements.

[0026] This invention employs a limiting structure, allowing the limiting post to extend into the first mounting hole under the action of a spring. When the pull-out resisting member enters the inclined receiving cavity, the second slope at the front end of the piston rod interacts with the first slope at the front end of the limiting post, pushing the limiting post upwards along its central axis until it is fully pushed into the second mounting hole. At this point, the spring is compressed. As the pull-out resisting member continues to move into the inclined receiving cavity, and the limiting post moves to the position of the annular limiting groove on the piston rod, the limiting post is pushed into the annular limiting groove under the elastic force of the spring, thus achieving the movable installation of the pull-out resisting member and the piston rod. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable pull-out suction pile.

[0028] Figure 2 A top view of an adjustable pull-out suction pile;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the telescopic pull-out resistance unit in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a side view of the telescopic pull-out resistance unit in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting structure in this utility model.

[0035] In the diagram: 10. Pile body; 101. First pile body; 1011. Inclined accommodating cavity; 1012. Main pumping pipeline; 1013. Inlet pipeline; 102. Second pile body; 1021. First accommodating cavity; 1022. Second accommodating cavity;

[0036] 20. Telescopic pull-out resistance unit; 201. Pull-out resistance component; 2011. Negative pressure cavity; 2012. Filter screen; 2013. First water pumping pipe; 2014. Telescopic pipe; 2015. Arc-shaped surface; 2016. First mounting hole; 2017. Second mounting hole; 20171. Stepped large hole; 20172. First guide hole; 20173. Second guide hole; 202. Drive mechanism; 2021. Piston rod; 20211. Annular limiting groove; 20212. Second slope;

[0037] 30. Soil plug removal unit; 301. Submersible motor; 3011. Second pumping pipe; 302. Rotary cutter head; 303. Rotating rod;

[0038] 40. Pressure sensor;

[0039] 50. Limiting structure; 501. Limiting post; 5011. First slope; 5012. Annular limiting platform; 5013. Spring;

[0040] 60. Nozzle; 70. Submersible pump. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments in this utility model, and not all of the embodiments in this utility model.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, an adjustable pull-out suction pile includes:

[0043] The pile body 10 includes a first pile body 101 located at the top for improving the pull-out bearing capacity of the pull-out suction pile and a second pile body 102 located at the bottom of the first pile body 101.

[0044] The telescopic pull-out unit 20, the first pile body 101 is provided with an inclined receiving cavity 1011 for accommodating the telescopic pull-out unit 20, the telescopic pull-out unit 20 includes a plurality of pull-out members 201 disposed in the inclined receiving cavity 1011 and a driving mechanism 202 for driving the telescopic pull-out unit 20 to extend obliquely upward or retract obliquely downward into the inclined receiving cavity 1011 at a first angle, the telescopic pull-out unit 20 and the driving mechanism 202 are coaxially and obliquely disposed and form a first angle with the horizontal plane;

[0045] The soil plug cleaning unit 30 is installed inside the second pile body 102 and is used to clean the soil plug formed during the sinking of the pull-out suction pile.

[0046] The control system is used to control the operation of the telescopic pull-out unit 20 and the soil plug cleaning unit 30.

[0047] In this embodiment, by setting up a telescopic pull-out resistance unit 20 and a soil plug cleaning unit 30, during the sinking of the pile body 10, the telescopic pull-out resistance unit 20 retracts into the pile body 10, reducing the sinking resistance of the pile body 10. Simultaneously, when the density of the soil plug (which can be detected by a soil plug density sensor) is high, the soil plug cleaning unit 30 is activated by the control system to clean the soil plug located at the lower part of the second pile body 102, improving the sinking efficiency of the pile body 10. When the pile body 10 sinks to the design elevation, the drive mechanism 202 is activated by the control system to drive the pull-out resistance member 201 to extend into the soil layer around the pile body 10, and the extension length of the pull-out resistance member 201 is dynamically adjusted as needed to adjust the pull-out bearing capacity of the suction pile to meet the design requirements.

[0048] It should be noted that both the first pile body 101 and the second pile body 102 are provided with a 50-100 μm anti-corrosion coating, which is a nano-ceramic coating. The pull-out member 201 is made of GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) composite material with a glass fiber volume fraction of 60%. Utilizing its advantages of being lightweight yet extremely strong, the load on the drive mechanism 202 is greatly reduced, making the extension and retraction action easier to achieve. At the same time, this material is completely immune to seawater and soil corrosion, solving the durability problem of metal parts in such environments.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to further improve the pull-out bearing capacity of the pull-out member 201, at least one negative pressure cavity 2011 is provided at the lower part of the pull-out member 201 in this embodiment. The opening end of the negative pressure cavity 2011 facing the soil is provided with a filter screen 2012, which is used to improve the pull-out force of the pull-out suction pile by the adsorption force generated between the negative pressure and the soil. The pull-out member 201 is provided with a first secondary pumping pipe 2013 that communicates with the negative pressure cavity 2011. The first pile body 101 is provided with a main pumping pipe 1012 along its length direction. The first secondary pumping pipe 2013 is connected to the main pumping pipe 1012 through a telescopic pipe 2014. The main pumping pipe 1012 is connected to a pumping pump set outside the pull-out suction pile. The telescopic length of the telescopic pipe is greater than the extension length of the pull-out member 201. The pumping pump is connected to the control system.

[0050] Understandably, after the water pump starts, if there is water in the negative pressure cavity 2011, it will be discharged through the first water pumping pipe into the main water pumping pipe 1012 under the suction of the water pump. At the same time, large soil particles are blocked by the filter screen 2012, which makes the negative pressure cavity 2011 form a local vacuum adsorption layer. This can significantly increase the adsorption force between the pull-out member 201 and the soil layer, improve the frictional resistance of the pile-soil interface, and thus increase the pull-out bearing capacity of the suction pile.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first auxiliary water pumping pipe 2013 is connected to the main water pumping pipe 1012 via a telescopic pipe 2014. The purpose of this connection is to allow the anti-pull-out member 201 to extend and retract synchronously with the anti-pull-out member 201, ensuring unobstructed pipe connections and enabling the water pump to continuously pump water and air from the negative pressure cavity 2011, establishing and maintaining negative pressure. The telescopic pipe 2014 can be made of high-strength rubber or plastic hoses or metal corrugated pipes. Furthermore, the pipe connections can utilize sealing connection structures with good sealing and connection performance, such as flanges.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 3-5 As shown, in this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the pull-out member 201 along the length direction is a right trapezoid, and the front end of the pull-out member 201 away from the driving mechanism 202 is an arc surface 2015. The arc of the arc surface 2015 is the same as the arc of the first pile body 101 at the opening of the inclined accommodating cavity 1011; the cross section of the negative pressure cavity 2011 is rectangular and the opening is located at the bottom of the pull-out member 201.

[0053] It should be noted that the structure of the pull-out resisting member 201 can be considered as being formed by cutting a rectangle from the first pile body 101 at a first angle, wherein the first angle ranges from 10° to 15°. Therefore, from the side view, the pull-out resisting member 201 is generally a right trapezoid, with the two long sides of the right trapezoid located at the top, the two short sides located at the bottom, and the two right-angled sides located within the inclined receiving cavity 1011.

[0054] It is understandable that the arc-shaped surface 2015 at the front end of the pull-out member 201 is adapted to the curvature of the first pile body 101, so that when the pull-out member 201 is in the retracted position of the first pile body 101, it can effectively close the opening of the inclined accommodating cavity 1011 and smoothly fit with the first pile body 101. This not only effectively prevents soil or silt from entering the inclined cavity, but also effectively reduces the resistance when the pile body 10 sinks.

[0055] In addition, the overall shape of the pull-out member 201 is trapezoidal, which increases the contact area with the soil and helps to increase the pull-out bearing capacity between the pull-out member 201 and the soil, thereby improving the pull-out force of the suction pile.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the pull-out suction pile also includes a pressure sensor 40, which is embedded in the arc surface 2015 of the pull-out member 201 and is used to monitor the contact pressure between the pull-out member 201 and the soil in real time.

[0057] Specifically, the control system can preset the threshold of the pressure sensor 40. During the sinking process of the pile body 10, the pressure sensor 40 monitors the contact pressure between the pull-out member 201 and the soil in real time and uploads the monitoring data to the control system. When the pressure of the pressure sensor 40 exceeds the threshold, the control system starts the drive component to drive the pull-out member 201 to extend into the soil.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism 202 is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the first accommodating cavity 1021. The end of the piston rod 2021 of the hydraulic cylinder is movably fixed to the anti-pull-out member 201 through the limiting structure 50. The limiting structure 50 is arranged in a circular array around the central axis of the anti-pull-out member 201 inside the end of the anti-pull-out member 201 near the double-acting hydraulic cylinder.

[0059] Understandably, since the pull-out member 201 needs to penetrate the soil surrounding the pile body 10 through thrust when it extends, and similarly, it needs to overcome the frictional resistance with the soil when it retracts, both extension and retraction require sufficient external force to be applied to the pull-out member 201. Using a double-acting hydraulic cylinder allows the pull-out member 201 to extend or retract as needed, and to stop and maintain at any position. This not only allows for dynamic adjustment of the pull-out bearing capacity of the suction pile by adjusting the extension length of the pull-out member 201, but also effectively prevents the pull-out member 201 from retracting under external force, ensuring the stability of its pull-out bearing capacity.

[0060] To ensure that the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder can be stably maintained in a certain extended position, the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder in this embodiment is equipped with a hydraulic lock (e.g., a hydraulically controlled check valve) so that the hydraulic oil is sealed in the cylinder chamber, thereby maintaining the locked position.

[0061] To improve the sealing performance of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, in addition to the cylinder's own conventional seals, such as the main seal to prevent hydraulic oil leakage, a scraping seal is used to remove impurities (mud, sand, moisture, etc.) adhering to the surface of the piston rod 2021 when it retracts. In this embodiment, a telescopic protective cover is provided outside the piston rod 2021. Specifically, a corrosion-resistant bellows protective cover can be used to completely enclose the entire piston rod 2021, isolating it from external mud and sand.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 3As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the anti-pull-out member 201 and the double-acting hydraulic cylinder, in this embodiment, the rear end of the anti-pull-out member 201 is provided with a first mounting hole 2016 to facilitate the insertion of the piston rod 2021. On the periphery of the first mounting hole 2016 and at the position corresponding to the annular limiting groove 20211, there are a plurality of stepped second mounting holes 2017 for installing the limiting structure 50. The second mounting holes 2017 are connected to the first mounting holes 2016.

[0063] The second mounting hole 2017 includes a stepped large hole 20171 and a first guide hole 20172 and a second guide hole 20173, which are coaxially arranged at both ends of the stepped large hole 20171. The first guide hole 20172 is connected to the first mounting hole 2016.

[0064] Please refer to Figures 5-8 As shown, the limiting structure 50 includes a limiting post 501. The front end of the limiting post 501 has a first slope 5011. An annular limiting platform 5012 is provided near the first slope 5011 of the limiting post 501. A spring 5013 is sleeved on one end of the limiting post 501 away from the first slope 5011. One end of the spring 5013 abuts against the annular limiting platform 5012, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the stepped large hole 20171. The front end of the piston rod 2021 has a second slope 20212 that cooperates with the first slope 5011 to push the limiting post 501 back into the second mounting hole 2017. An annular limiting groove 20211 is provided near the second slope of the piston rod 2021. Under the elastic force of the spring 5013, the limiting post 501 extends out of the second mounting hole 2017.

[0065] It should be noted that the first guide hole 20172 is used to guide the limiting post 501 located on the lower post of the annular limiting platform 5012, the second guide hole 20173 is used to guide the limiting post 501 located on the upper post of the annular limiting platform 5012, and the stepped large hole 20171 is used to provide compression space for the movement of the annular limiting platform 5012 and the spring 5013.

[0066] During installation, the limiting post 501 extends into the first mounting hole 2016 under the action of the spring 5013. When the pull-out member 201 enters along the inclined receiving cavity 1011, the second slope 20212 at the front end of the piston rod 2021 interacts with the first slope 5011 at the front end of the limiting post 501, pushing the limiting post 501 upward along its central axis until it is completely pushed into the second mounting hole 2017. At this time, the spring 5013 is compressed. When the pull-out member 201 continues to move into the inclined receiving cavity 1011, and the limiting post 501 moves to the position of the annular limiting groove 20211 of the piston rod 2021, the limiting post 501 is pushed into the annular limiting groove 20211 under the elastic force of the spring 5013, thereby realizing the movable installation of the pull-out member 201 and the piston rod 2021.

[0067] It should be noted that when the limiting post 501 is inserted into the annular limiting groove 20211, the front end of the piston rod 2021 should abut against the first mounting hole 2016 of the anti-pull-out member 201, so that the thrust of the piston rod 2021 can be directly applied to the anti-pull-out member 201, rather than the limiting post 501, thus avoiding damage to the limiting post 501.

[0068] Understandably, in order to separate the pull-out resisting component 201 from the piston rod 2021, the limiting post 501 in this embodiment can be driven to extend and retract by an electric push rod. Of course, in most cases, suction piles are not reused; therefore, it is generally not required that the pull-out resisting component 201 and the piston rod 2021 be detachable after installation. Thus, a detachable design is only used in special circumstances, such as when the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is damaged before use, allowing for replacement through a detachable design.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper part of the second pile body 102 has a closed first accommodating cavity 1021, and the lower part of the first accommodating cavity 1021 has a downward-opening second accommodating cavity 1022. The soil plug cleaning unit 30 includes a submersible motor 301 located in the first accommodating cavity 1021 and a rotating cutter head 302 located in the second accommodating cavity 1022. The rotating cutter head 302 is connected to the output shaft of the submersible motor 301 by rotating a rotating rod 303 that passes through the first accommodating cavity 1021. The rotation of the submersible motor 301 drives the rotating cutter head 302 to rotate to remove the soil plug.

[0070] The pull-out suction pile also includes a jet unit for removing soil plugs in conjunction with the rotating cutter head 302. The jet unit includes a plurality of nozzles 60 disposed on the upper part of the second accommodating cavity 1022. The plurality of nozzles 60 are connected to a water inlet pipe 1013 disposed inside the pull-out suction pile. The water inlet of the water inlet pipe 1013 is connected to a water pump disposed outside the pull-out suction pile. The water pump is connected to a control system.

[0071] The pull-out suction pile also includes a submersible pump 70 connected to the control system for extracting mud from the second accommodating cavity 1022. The submersible pump 70 is located in the first accommodating cavity 1021. The upper part of the second accommodating cavity 1022 is provided with a water inlet communicating with the first accommodating cavity 1021. The water inlet of the submersible pump 70 is connected to the water inlet, and the water outlet of the submersible pump 70 is connected to the main water inlet 1012 through the second secondary water inlet pipe 3011.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, the rotating cutter head 302 is made of tungsten steel (20mm thick, HRC60 hardness). The nozzle 60 is aligned with the working area of ​​the rotating cutter head 302. During operation, the submersible motor 301 rotates, which drives the rotating cutter head 302 to rotate through the rotating rod 303. Through the rotation of the rotating cutter head 302, the water pump is started and high-pressure water is input to the nozzle 60 through the water inlet pipe 1013. In conjunction with the rotating cutter head 302, the soil plug in the second accommodating cavity 1022 can be effectively removed during the sinking of the pile body 10.

[0073] At the same time, the mixture of soil plug and water in the second accommodating cavity 1022 is diverted to the main pumping pipeline 1012 by the submersible pump 70, and then pumped out of the suction pile by the pump.

[0074] Understandably, the rotation speed of the rotary cutter head 302 can be adjusted according to different soil layers to change the rotation speed of the submersible motor 301, and the spray pressure and flow rate of the nozzle 60 can also be adjusted by using a variable frequency water pump.

[0075] It should be noted that the structure, working principle and control method of the above-mentioned water pump are existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0076] The following specific examples briefly illustrate the application scenarios and methods of suction piles.

[0077] Example 1: Construction of monopile for deep-sea wind power (soft clay foundation)

[0078] In the construction of a soft clay foundation for an offshore wind farm in the South China Sea, the pile body was prefabricated, and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder and GFRP pull-out resisting components were installed. After calibration, pressure sensors were embedded in the top of the pull-out resisting components, and cables were connected to the central controller of the control system. During the pile sinking process, a water pump was used at a speed of 2.8m... 3 A negative pressure of -85 kPa is generated at a pumping speed of 0.7 m / min, and the pile body sinks steadily at a speed of 0.7 m / min. When the soil plug density sensor detects a density ≥ 1.5 g / cm³ within the cavity... 3 At this time, the central controller starts the soil plug cleaning unit, and the rotating cutter head works in conjunction with the 18MPa high-pressure water jet at a speed of 30rpm. The mud is quickly discharged from the second pumping pipeline to the main pumping pipeline.

[0079] During the pull-out verification stage, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder extended the pull-out member by 1.2m, the pressure sensor monitored the soil contact pressure in real time, and the central controller dynamically adjusted the hydraulic pressure to 25MPa. The measured pull-out bearing capacity of a single pile reached 7500kN, with a safety factor of 2.1, meeting the design requirements.

[0080] Example 2: Construction of pile foundations for cross-sea bridges (dense sand layer)

[0081] During the construction of a cross-sea bridge project in the East China Sea using dense sand layers, considering the high permeability and high resistance characteristics of the sand layer, the stroke of the pull-out members was adjusted to a maximum of 2.0m, the pressure sensor threshold was set to 500kPa, and the water pump was operated at a speed of 3.2m. 3 The pumping speed was maintained at -92 kPa negative pressure. During the soil plug removal operation, the rotary cutter head speed was increased to 50 rpm, the high-pressure water jet pressure was increased to 25 MPa, the cutter head torque was reduced by 30%, and the soil plug removal time was shortened by 40% compared with the traditional process. After the pile body was sunk to the design elevation, the pull-out member extended and the negative pressure cavity was activated simultaneously. The measured pull-out bearing capacity reached 8200 kN, with a safety factor of 2.3, and the pile verticality deviation was ≤0.5%.

[0082] Example 3: Submarine Cable Fixing Project (Mixed Soil and Rock Strata)

[0083] In the installation of submarine cables in the mixed soil and rock strata of the South China Sea, a segmented pull-out resistance strategy was adopted to address the complex conditions of interwoven rock cuttings and clay. In the first stage, the pull-out resistance was extended by 0.8m and a negative pressure of -75kPa was generated. After the pile body stabilized initially, the pull-out resistance was extended to 1.2m in the second stage, and the negative pressure was increased to -95kPa. The soil plug removal unit adopted an intermittent operation mode, with the rotating cutter head operating at a low speed of 20rpm in conjunction with a 10MPa water jet to remove clay, followed by switching to a high speed of 40rpm and a 22MPa water jet to break up the rock cuttings. Acceptance of the anti-corrosion module showed that the average thickness of the nano-ceramic coating was 95μm, and no blistering or peeling occurred after 1200 hours of salt spray testing; the measured tensile strength of the GFRP pull-out resistance was 835MPa.

[0084] The suction pile provided by this utility model is suitable for complex marine engineering scenarios such as deep-sea wind power monopile foundations, cross-sea bridge pile foundations, and deep-sea oil and gas platform anchoring systems in water depths exceeding 2000 meters, as well as land-based scenarios requiring high pull-out resistance. It combines high reliability, economy, and environmental adaptability, providing a breakthrough technical solution for the construction of pile foundation facilities.

[0085] The above description is a specific implementation of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An adjustable pull-out suction pile, characterized in that, include: The pile body (10) includes a first pile body (101) located at the top for improving the pull-out bearing capacity of the pull-out suction pile and a second pile body (102) located at the bottom of the first pile body (101); The telescopic pull-out unit (20) is provided with an inclined receiving cavity (1011) for accommodating the telescopic pull-out unit (20). The telescopic pull-out unit (20) includes a plurality of pull-out members (201) disposed in the inclined receiving cavity (1011) and a driving mechanism (202) for driving the telescopic pull-out unit (20) to extend obliquely upward or retract obliquely downward into the inclined receiving cavity (1011) at a first angle. The telescopic pull-out unit (20) and the driving mechanism (202) are coaxially arranged obliquely and form a first angle with the horizontal plane. A soil plug cleaning unit (30) is installed inside the second pile body (102). The upper part of the second pile body (102) has a closed first accommodating cavity (1021) for cleaning the soil plug formed during the sinking of the pull-out suction pile. A control system is used to control the operation of the telescopic pull-out unit (20) and the soil plug cleaning unit (30).

2. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the pull-out member (201) is provided with at least one negative pressure cavity (2011). The opening end of the negative pressure cavity (2011) facing the soil is provided with a filter screen (2012) to improve the pull-out force of the pull-out suction pile through the adsorption force generated between the negative pressure and the soil. The pull-out member (201) is provided with a first secondary pumping pipe (2013) communicating with the negative pressure cavity (2011). The first pile body (101) is provided with a main pumping pipe (1012) along its length. The first secondary pumping pipe (2013) is connected to the main pumping pipe (1012) through a telescopic pipe (2014). The main pumping pipe (1012) is connected to a pumping pump located outside the pull-out suction pile. The telescopic length of the telescopic pipe (2014) is greater than the extension length of the pull-out member (201). The pumping pump is connected to the control system.

3. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal section of the pull-out member (201) along its length is a right trapezoid, and the front end of the pull-out member (201) away from the driving mechanism (202) is an arc surface (2015). The arc of the arc surface (2015) is the same as the arc of the first pile body (101) located at the opening of the inclined accommodating cavity (1011); the cross section of the negative pressure cavity (2011) is rectangular and the opening is located at the bottom of the pull-out member (201).

4. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pull-out suction pile also includes a pressure sensor (40), which is embedded in the arc surface (2015) of the pull-out member (201) and is used to monitor the contact pressure between the pull-out member (201) and the soil in real time.

5. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (202) is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the first accommodating cavity (1021). The end of the piston rod (2021) of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is movably fixed to the anti-pull-out member (201) through a limiting structure (50). The limiting structure (50) is arranged in a circular array around the central axis of the anti-pull-out member (201) inside the end of the anti-pull-out member (201) near the double-acting hydraulic cylinder.

6. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rear end of the anti-pull-out member (201) is provided with a first mounting hole (2016) to facilitate the insertion of the piston rod (2021). The periphery of the first mounting hole (2016) is provided with a plurality of stepped second mounting holes (2017) for mounting the limiting structure (50). The second mounting holes (2017) are connected to the first mounting hole (2016). The second mounting hole (2017) includes a stepped large hole (20171) and a first guide hole (20172) and a second guide hole (20173) on the same axis respectively disposed at both ends of the stepped large hole (20171), wherein the first guide hole (20172) communicates with the first mounting hole (2016); The limiting structure (50) includes a limiting post (501), the front end of the limiting post (501) has a first slope (5011), the limiting post (501) is provided with an annular limiting platform (5012) near the first slope (5011), and a spring (5013) is sleeved on the end of the limiting post (501) away from the first slope (5011). One end of the spring (5013) abuts against the annular limiting platform (5012), and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the stepped large hole (20171). The piston rod (2021) has a second slope (20212) at its front end that cooperates with the first slope (5011) to push the limiting post (501) back into the second mounting hole (2017). The piston rod (2021) has an annular limiting groove (20211) near the second slope (20212) that corresponds to the position of the second mounting hole (2017). Under the elastic force of the spring (5013), the limiting post (501) extends out of the second mounting hole (2017).

7. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first receiving cavity (1021) has a second receiving cavity (1022) with an opening facing downwards at its lower part. The soil plug cleaning unit (30) includes a submersible motor (301) located in the first receiving cavity (1021) and a rotating cutter head (302) located in the second receiving cavity (1022). The rotating cutter head (302) is connected to the output shaft of the submersible motor (301) by rotating a rotating rod (303) that passes through the first receiving cavity (1021). The rotation of the submersible motor (301) drives the rotating cutter head (302) to rotate to remove the soil plug.

8. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pull-out suction pile also includes a jet unit for removing soil plugs in conjunction with the rotating cutter head (302). The jet unit includes a plurality of nozzles (60) disposed on the upper part of the second accommodating cavity (1022). The plurality of nozzles (60) are connected to a water inlet pipe (1013) disposed in the pull-out suction pile. The water inlet of the water inlet pipe (1013) is connected to a water pump disposed outside the pull-out suction pile. The water pump is connected to the control system.

9. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pull-out suction pile also includes a submersible pump (70) connected to the control system for extracting mud from the second accommodating cavity (1022). The submersible pump (70) is located in the first accommodating cavity (1021). The upper part of the second accommodating cavity (1022) is provided with a water inlet communicating with the first accommodating cavity (1021). The water inlet of the submersible pump (70) is connected to the water inlet. The water outlet of the submersible pump (70) is connected to the main water inlet (1012) through a second secondary water inlet pipe (3011).

10. The adjustable pull-out suction pile according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The first angle range is 10°-15°, and both the first pile body (101) and the second pile body (102) are provided with a 50~100μm anti-corrosion coating.

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