A protective combined structure suitable for rock high slope

Abstract

This invention provides a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes, comprising at least one protective unit arranged sequentially from bottom to top along the slope. Each protective unit includes at least two transverse frame beams arranged along the toe line and at least two longitudinal frame beams arranged perpendicular to the toe line. Adjacent transverse and longitudinal frame beams intersect to form a frame. The frame is filled with a concrete layer covering the frame, the thickness of which is no greater than the height of the transverse frame beams. Drainage holes extending from the rock strata at the bottom of the slope to the upper surface of the concrete layer are embedded within the frame. The outlet of the drainage holes is located at the bottom of the frame. The intersection of the transverse frame beam at the bottom of the frame with the concrete within the frame is filled with an impermeable material layer, forming a slope with its bottom higher than the transverse frame beam. This invention can improve the drainage performance of the protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale hydropower or nuclear power projects, the main structures need to be built on bedrock, easily forming high rock slopes. Due to the high importance of the protected objects, the safety and stability design of high rock slopes often imposes stricter requirements than those for Class I high slopes. Furthermore, due to engineering boundary conditions and investment constraints, excessively gentle excavation slope ratios cannot be pursued. Therefore, the stability of the exposed slope after excavation often fails to meet the requirements for protecting the protected objects. Moreover, the exposed rock mass undergoes further weathering during the later stages of operation, potentially eroding and rolling into the hydropower or nuclear power plant site, threatening personnel and facilities. In addition, water is a significant factor affecting the safety and stability of slopes during operation; numerous engineering cases of slope collapses during heavy rains are documented.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing protective composite structures suitable for high rock slopes in order to enhance their drainage performance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes, in order to solve the problem of poor drainage performance of existing protective composite structures suitable for high rock slopes.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes, including at least one protective unit. The protective units are arranged sequentially from bottom to top along the slope. Each protective unit includes at least two frame beams arranged along the slope toe line and at least two frame beams arranged perpendicular to the slope toe line. Adjacent frame beams and adjacent frame beams intersect to form a frame. The frame is filled with a concrete layer covering the frame, and the thickness of the concrete layer is not greater than the height of the frame beam. Drainage holes extending from the rock layer at the bottom of the slope to the upper surface of the concrete layer are embedded in the frame. The outlet of the drainage hole is located at the bottom of the frame. The intersection of the frame beam at the bottom of the frame and the concrete in the frame is filled with an impermeable material layer. The impermeable material layer forms a slope with its bottom higher than the frame beam.

[0006] Optionally, the protective unit further includes a platform extending along the slope line below the frame beam at the bottom of the protective unit, and the platform is connected above the frame beam at the top of the adjacent protective unit.

[0007] Optionally, the platform is provided with continuous drainage walls spaced at intervals along the toe of the slope.

[0008] Optionally, the platform has a certain slope, and the height of the side of the frame beam near the bottom of the protective unit is higher than the height of the side of the frame beam near the top of the adjacent protective unit.

[0009] Optionally, the concrete layer includes concrete and a concrete reinforcing mesh disposed within the concrete.

[0010] Optionally, the protective unit further includes a first anchoring element, which is disposed within the frame.

[0011] Optionally, the protective unit further includes a second anchoring element, one end of which is anchored in the rock mass, and the other end is disposed in the frame beam and the frame longitudinal beam.

[0012] Optionally, the protective unit further includes connecting steel bars extending from the frame beams and the frame longitudinal beams into the frame, the connecting steel bars being disposed within the concrete layer.

[0013] Optionally, the concrete layer is shotcrete.

[0014] Optionally, the impermeable material layer is made of impermeable clay.

[0015] The present invention provides a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes, which has the following beneficial effects: Because the frame is filled with a concrete layer covering it, the possibility of further weathering of the newly excavated exposed rock mass can be avoided, and the possibility of rock mass peeling off and rolling into the slope foot can be completely eliminated. It also prevents rainwater from seeping into the slope. Since the frame is equipped with drainage holes extending from the rock layer at the bottom of the slope to the upper surface of the concrete layer, water accumulated in the slope can flow out through these holes. Because the intersection of the frame beam at the bottom of the frame and the concrete within the frame is filled with an impermeable material layer, forming a slope with its bottom higher than the frame beam, water discharged from the drainage holes and rainwater from the slope can be collected and discharged from the frame structure in a timely manner, preventing water accumulation at the intersection of the frame beam and the concrete. This effectively improves the drainage performance of the protective composite structure used for high rock slopes. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic elevation view of the protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a detailed cross-sectional structural diagram of the platform location of the protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed cross-sectional structural diagram of the single-stage slope bottom frame of the protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the single-frame grid elevation of a protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 110-Frame beam; 120-Frame beam; 130-Concrete layer; 131-Concrete reinforcement mesh; 140-Drainage hole; 150-Imperible material layer; 160-Platform; 161-Drainage wall; 162-Platform capping; 170-First anchor; 180-Second anchor; 190-Connecting reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 1 This is a schematic elevation view of a protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a detailed cross-sectional structural diagram of the platform location of the protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a detailed cross-sectional structural diagram of the single-stage slope bottom frame of the protective composite structure applicable to high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a single-frame elevation of a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes in this embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes, including at least one protective unit. The protective units are arranged sequentially from bottom to top along the slope. Each protective unit includes at least two frame beams 110 arranged along the slope toe line and at least two frame beams 120 arranged perpendicular to the slope toe line. The frame beams 110 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top along the slope, and the frame beams 120 are arranged sequentially along the slope toe line. The adjacent frame beams 110 and the adjacent frame longitudinal beams 120 intersect to form a frame. The frame is filled with a concrete layer 130 covering the frame, and the concrete layer 130 does not protrude from the frame beams 110. Drainage holes 140 are embedded in the frame, extending from the rock strata at the bottom of the slope to the upper surface of the concrete layer 130. The intersection of the frame beams 110 at the bottom of the frame and the concrete in the frame is filled with an impermeable material layer 150. The impermeable material layer 150 forms a slope with its bottom higher than the frame beams 110.

[0025] Because the frame is filled with a concrete layer 130 covering the frame, the possibility of further weathering of the newly excavated exposed rock mass can be avoided, and the possibility of the slope rock mass peeling off and rolling into the slope foot site can be completely eliminated. At the same time, rainwater is also prevented from seeping into the slope body. Because the frame is provided with drainage holes 140 extending from the rock layer at the bottom of the slope to the upper surface of the concrete layer 130, water accumulated in the slope can flow out from the drainage holes 140. Because the intersection of the frame beam 110 at the bottom of the frame and the concrete in the frame is filled with an impermeable material layer 150, the impermeable material layer 150 forms a slope with its bottom higher than the frame beam 110. Therefore, the water discharged from the drainage holes 140 and the rainwater on the slope can be collected and discharged from the frame structure in a timely manner, which can prevent water from accumulating at the intersection of the frame beam 110 and the concrete. This can effectively improve the drainage performance of the protective composite structure used for high rock slopes.

[0026] Preferably, the protective unit further includes a platform 160 extending along the slope line direction below the frame beam 110 at the bottom of the protective unit, and the platform 160 is connected above the frame beam 110 at the top of the adjacent protective unit.

[0027] Preferably, drainage walls 161 are spaced along the slope toe line on the platform 160. Combined with the frame beam 110 at the bottom of the protective unit, a trapezoidal platform drainage channel with a sloping left side and a vertical right side can be formed. This allows water to flow away from the drainage channels on both sides of the platform 160 and not flow to the next level of protective unit. No trenching is required, construction is simple, and drainage from the slope body and slope surface can be quickly collected into the drainage channel of the platform 160, further reducing the impact of water on the protective unit and improving drainage performance.

[0028] Preferably, the platform 160 has a certain slope, and the height of one side of the frame beam 110 near the bottom of the protective unit is higher than the height of one side of the frame beam 110 near the top of the adjacent protective unit, so that water can be discharged from the slope structure in a timely manner.

[0029] Furthermore, a platform capping 162 is provided on one side of the frame beam 110 near the top of the protection unit of the next level slope of the platform 160.

[0030] The drainage wall 161 is 20cm wide × 25cm high.

[0031] Preferably, the drain hole 140 is an inclined drain hole 140, which further facilitates water drainage.

[0032] The concrete layer 130 is preferably shotcrete.

[0033] The concrete layer 130 includes concrete and a concrete steel mesh 131 disposed within the concrete.

[0034] The protective unit also includes a first anchoring element 170, which is set in the frame to anchor the concrete layer 130 and the rock mass, ensuring the tightness between the concrete layer 130 and the slope rock mass.

[0035] The first anchoring element 170 is an anchor rod or a soil nail.

[0036] Preferably, the length of the first anchor 170 is 1m.

[0037] The impermeable material layer 150 is made of impermeable clay.

[0038] The protective unit also includes a second anchoring element 180, one end of which is anchored in the rock mass, and the other end is disposed in the frame beam 110 and the frame longitudinal beam 120. Thus, the high slope is safely reinforced by the frame beam 110 and the frame longitudinal beam 120 and the second anchoring element 180 to meet the slope stability requirements.

[0039] The protective unit also includes connecting steel bars 190 extending from the frame beams 110 and 120 into the frame, with the connecting steel bars 190 disposed within the concrete layer 130. This ensures the structural integrity of the concrete layer 130 and the frame beams. Specifically, when laying the frame beam reinforcement, two connecting steel bars 190 are pre-embedded at each frame beam 110 and 120, connecting to the concrete reinforcement mesh 131, with the pre-embedded length extending 50cm beyond both sides of the poured frame beam.

[0040] The construction process of the protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes is as follows: Step a: After the first-level slope is excavated, the slope surface is leveled, holes are drilled at the designed hole positions of the frame crossbeam 110 and frame longitudinal beam 120 and second anchors are installed, and inclined drainage holes 140 are installed at the designed positions within the frame.

[0041] Step b: Pour the platform 160 and drainage wall 161.

[0042] Step c: Lay the reinforcing bars of the frame beams 110 and 120, embed the connecting reinforcing bars 190 that connect the frame beams 110 and 120 to the concrete reinforcing mesh 131 inside the frame, and pour the concrete reinforcing bars 131 and 120.

[0043] Step d: Drill holes at the locations of the first anchors for embedding the concrete layer 130 in the center of the frame.

[0044] Step e: Lay the concrete reinforcement mesh 131 and tie it to the connecting reinforcement bar 190, embed the first anchor of the concrete layer 130, and ensure the fixation of the concrete reinforcement mesh 131, and construct the concrete layer 130 within the frame.

[0045] Step d: Backfill the crossbeam under each frame with a 150mm layer of impermeable material.

[0046] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes, characterized in that, The device includes at least one protective unit, which is arranged sequentially from bottom to top along the slope. Each protective unit includes at least two frame beams arranged along the toe line and at least two frame beams arranged perpendicular to the toe line. Adjacent frame beams and adjacent frame beams intersect to form a frame. The frame is filled with a concrete layer covering the frame, and the thickness of the concrete layer is not greater than the height of the frame beam. Drainage holes extending from the rock layer at the bottom of the slope to the upper surface of the concrete layer are embedded in the frame. The outlet of the drainage holes is located at the bottom of the frame. The intersection of the frame beam at the bottom of the frame and the concrete in the frame is filled with an impermeable material layer, which forms a slope with its bottom higher than the frame beam.

2. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective unit also includes a platform extending along the slope line below the frame beam at the bottom of the protective unit, and the platform is connected above the frame beam at the top of the adjacent protective unit.

3. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drainage wall is set along the toe line of the slope on the platform.

4. The protective composite structure suitable for high rock slopes as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The platform has a certain slope, and the height of the side of the frame beam near the bottom of the protective unit is higher than the height of the side of the frame beam near the top of the adjacent protective unit.

5. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete layer includes concrete and a reinforced concrete mesh set within the concrete.

6. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective unit also includes a first anchoring element, which is disposed within the frame.

7. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective unit also includes a second anchoring element, one end of which is anchored in the rock mass, and the other end is disposed in the frame beam and the frame longitudinal beam.

8. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective unit also includes connecting steel bars extending from the frame beams and the frame longitudinal beams into the frame, and the connecting steel bars are disposed within the concrete layer.

9. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete layer is shotcrete.

10. The protective composite structure for high rock slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The impermeable material layer is made of impermeable clay.

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