A substation beam-column joint, beam-column structure and substation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to substation construction technical field provides a kind of substation beam column joint, beam column structure and substation, including mutually perpendicular setting square steel pipe column and cantilever beam, through first connecting plate and self-resetting mechanism setting steel beam on cantilever beam, and damper being arranged between first connecting plate and square steel pipe column;First connecting plate is arranged on the outside of the connecting place of cantilever beam and steel beam, and U-shaped energy dissipation plate is arranged on the inside;And the both ends of first connecting plate and the both ends of U-shaped energy dissipation plate are connected cantilever beam and steel beam respectively simultaneously by fastening assembly, the energy dissipation and reset between epicenter cantilever beam and steel beam are realized simultaneously by U-shaped portion on first connecting plate and U-shaped energy dissipation plate, the synergic effect of damper and self-resetting device is realized, the problems, such as single energy dissipation path, insufficient reset ability etc. are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of substation construction technology, specifically relating to a substation beam-column joint, beam-column structure, and substation. Background Technology

[0002] As urban power hubs, substations are of paramount importance in terms of seismic performance, especially during major earthquakes, which can lead to large structural deformations, the formation of plastic hinges, irreversible structural damage, and ultimately, the collapse of the substation structure. Therefore, it is necessary to design beam-column joints to reduce plastic displacement, minimize damage to the main structure during earthquakes, and thus reduce earthquake-related losses.

[0003] In traditional self-resetting steel structure systems, the beam-column joints achieve frictional energy dissipation through friction energy dissipators between the steel beam flanges and webs, and work synergistically with shape memory alloy bent steel plates to absorb seismic energy at the joints, effectively improving the structural ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the column joints in steel frame beams. However, the dampers and self-resetting devices are often set up independently, resulting in problems such as a single energy dissipation path and insufficient reset capacity. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a substation beam-column joint, beam-column structure, and substation. The two ends of the first connecting plate and the two ends of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are simultaneously connected to the cantilever beam and the steel beam via fastening components. The U-shaped portion on the first connecting plate and the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate simultaneously achieves energy dissipation and resetting between the cantilever beam and the steel beam at the epicenter, realizing the synergistic effect of the damper and the self-resetting device, and solving problems such as a single energy dissipation path and insufficient resetting capacity.

[0005] According to some embodiments, the first solution of this utility model provides a substation beam-column joint, which adopts the following technical solution: A substation beam-column joint includes a square steel tube column and a cantilever beam arranged perpendicularly to each other, a steel beam mounted on the cantilever beam via a first connecting plate and a self-resetting mechanism, and a damper disposed between the first connecting plate and the square steel tube column. The first connecting plate is located on the outer side of the cantilever beam. One end of the first connecting plate is provided with a first circular bolt hole, and the other end is provided with a first elongated bolt hole. The first elongated bolt hole is connected to the cantilever beam. The self-resetting mechanism is located on the inner side of the cantilever beam. The self-resetting mechanism includes a U-shaped energy-dissipating plate. The middle U-shaped part of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate is located at the connection between the cantilever beam and the steel beam. The two ends of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are respectively connected to the cantilever beam and the steel beam. One end of the first connecting plate and the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are simultaneously connected to the cantilever beam through a fastening assembly. The other end of the first connecting plate and the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are simultaneously connected to the steel beam through a fastening assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, a first connecting plate and a damper are provided on both sides of the connection between the cantilever beam and the steel beam; the damper is inclinedly disposed between the first connecting plate and the steel beam.

[0007] Furthermore, the damper includes a first damping unit, a second damping unit, and an adjustment mechanism arranged along the axial direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the first damping unit includes a first connector, a first hinge point and a first limiting plate respectively disposed at both ends of the first connector, a first telescopic spring respectively disposed at both ends of the first limiting plate and the adjusting mechanism, and a first sliding member and a second sliding member respectively disposed on the first limiting plate and the adjusting mechanism; the first sliding member and the second sliding member are slidably connected.

[0009] Furthermore, the second damping unit includes a second connector, a second hinge point and a second limiting plate respectively disposed at both ends of the second connector, a second telescopic spring respectively disposed at both ends of the second limiting plate and the adjustment mechanism, and a fourth sliding member and a third sliding member respectively disposed on the second limiting plate and the adjustment mechanism; the third sliding member and the fourth sliding member are slidably connected.

[0010] Furthermore, the damper also includes a rubber anti-slip sleeve covering the first damping unit, the second damping unit and the adjustment mechanism, as well as a reinforcing connecting plate that is fixedly connected to the rubber anti-slip sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a force transmission rod, and a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and a third mounting plate are slidably disposed on the force transmission rod in sequence; a third telescopic spring is disposed between the second mounting plate and the first mounting plate, and between the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate; a bolt fixing plate is disposed on the third mounting plate, and an adjustment column is disposed between the bolt fixing plate and the second mounting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first connecting plate also includes a first horizontal connecting groove and a first hinged fixing rod disposed on the first horizontal connecting groove; the square steel tube column and the damper are connected by a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate having the same structure as the first connecting plate.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the second aspect of this utility model provides a substation beam-column structure, which adopts the following technical solution: A substation beam-column structure using the substation beam-column joint as described in the first aspect.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the third solution of this utility model provides a substation, which adopts the following technical solution: A substation that uses the substation beam-column structure described in the second aspect.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention features a first connecting plate on the outer side of the connection between the cantilever beam and the steel beam, and a U-shaped energy-dissipating plate on the inner side. Furthermore, the two ends of the first connecting plate and the two ends of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are simultaneously connected to the cantilever beam and the steel beam via fastening components. The U-shaped portion on the first connecting plate and the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate simultaneously achieves energy dissipation and resetting between the cantilever beam and the steel beam at the epicenter, realizing the synergistic effect of the damper and the self-resetting device, and solving problems such as a single energy dissipation path and insufficient resetting capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the node structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall reinforcement of the damper according to this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the damper of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the self-resetting mechanism of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped energy-consuming plate of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting plate structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fastening component structure of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second connecting plate structure of this utility model; The components are as follows: 1. Square steel tube column; 2. Cantilever beam; 3. Steel beam; 4. Damper; 41. First hinge point; 42. First connector; 43. Rubber anti-slip sleeve; 44. Reinforcing connecting plate; 45. Mounting hole; 46. Second connector; 47. Second hinge point; 48. First limiting plate; 49. First telescopic spring; 410. First sliding member; 411. Second sliding member; 412. Adjusting mechanism; 4121. First mounting plate; 4122. Force transmission rod; 4123. Third telescopic spring; 4124. Second mounting plate; 4125. Adjusting column; 4126. Bolt fixing plate; 4127. Bolt fixing rod; 4128. Third mounting plate; 4129. Washer; 41210. Nut; 413. Second telescopic spring; 414. Third sliding member. 415. Moving component; 416. Fourth sliding component; 417. Second limiting plate; 5. Self-resetting mechanism; 51. Stiffening rib; 52. Prestressed cable; 53. Prestressed anchor; 54. U-shaped energy dissipation plate; 55. Connecting bolt; 6. First connecting plate; 61. First circular bolt hole; 62. First elongated bolt hole; 63. First horizontal connecting groove; 64. First hinge fixing rod; 65. First hinge fixing rod connecting part; 7. Fastening assembly; 71. Fastening bolt; 72. Fastening bolt washer; 73. Fastening nut; 8. Second connecting plate; 81. Second circular bolt hole; 82. Second elongated bolt hole; 83. Second horizontal connecting groove; 84. Second hinge fixing rod; 85. Second hinge fixing rod connecting part; 9. First damping unit; 10. Second damping unit. Detailed implementation method: The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0019] Example 1: Earthquakes, as one of the major natural disasters, often cause enormous casualties and economic losses. With the increasing maturity of seismic-resistant technology, the collapse of buildings and casualties during earthquakes have been effectively controlled. However, as urban power hubs, substations have attracted much attention for their seismic performance, especially in the event of a major earthquake, which may cause large deformations in the structure, forming plastic hinges and leading to irreversible structural damage and continuous collapse of the substation structure. How to design beam-column joints to reduce plastic displacement, reduce damage to the main structure during earthquakes, and thus reduce the losses caused by earthquakes has become one of the technical challenges that the industry urgently needs to overcome. This also places higher demands on the seismic performance of beam-column joints.

[0020] As described in the background section, in current beam-column joints, dampers and self-resetting devices are often set up independently, resulting in problems such as a single energy dissipation path and insufficient reset capability. Based on this, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a substation beam-column joint, including a square steel tube column 1 and a cantilever beam 2 arranged perpendicularly to each other, a steel beam 3 connected to the cantilever beam 2 by a self-resetting mechanism 5, a first connecting plate 6 and a fastening assembly 7, a damper 4 disposed between the square steel tube column 1 and the first connecting plate 6, and a second connecting plate 8 disposed between the damper 4 and the square steel tube column 1.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the cantilever beam 2 can be installed on the square steel tube column 1 by welding or other methods; the cantilever beam 2 and the steel beam 3 can be structures such as I-beams.

[0022] On both sides of the connection between the cantilever beam 2 and the steel beam 3, a first connecting plate 6 and a damper 4 are provided; the damper 4 is inclinedly arranged between the first connecting plate 6 and the steel beam 3; by setting the upper and lower dampers 4, when the steel beam deforms, one damper 4 is subjected to tension and the other damper 4 is subjected to pressure, which improves energy consumption and recovery capability.

[0023] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the damper 4 includes a first damping unit 9, a second damping unit 10 and an adjustment mechanism 412 arranged along the axial direction.

[0024] The first damping unit 9 includes a first hinge point 41, a first connecting member 42, a first limiting plate 48, a first telescopic spring 49, a first sliding member 410, and a second sliding member 411, etc. The second damping unit 10 includes a second connecting member 46, a second hinge point 47, a second telescopic spring 413, a third sliding member 414, a fourth sliding member 415, and a second limiting plate 416, etc.

[0025] Specifically, the first hinge point 41 and the second hinge point 47 are shaft holes or other structures that can achieve hinge; the first hinge point 41 and the second hinge point 47 are respectively hinged to the second connecting plate 8 and the first connecting plate 6, ensuring adaptability during deformation.

[0026] The first connecting member 42 can be disposed on the first limiting plate 48 by means of welding or the like, and the first hinge point 41 is disposed at the end of the first connecting member 42 away from the first limiting plate 48. The second connecting member 46 can be disposed on the second limiting plate 416 by means of welding or the like, and the second hinge point 47 is disposed at the end of the second connecting member 46 away from the second limiting plate 416.

[0027] One end of the first telescopic spring 49 is fixedly mounted on the first limiting plate 48, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the adjusting mechanism 412. The first sliding member 410 and the second sliding member 411 are sleeved inside the first telescopic spring 49. The first sliding member 410 is fixedly mounted on the first limiting plate 48, and the second sliding member 411 is fixedly mounted on the adjusting mechanism 412. The first sliding member 410 and the second sliding member 411 are slidably connected. For example, one of the first sliding member 410 and the second sliding member 411 can be configured as a sliding rod with a smaller diameter, and the other can be configured as a sleeve. The sliding rod is slidably mounted inside the sleeve to achieve a slidable connection. Alternatively, one of the first sliding member 410 and the second sliding member 411 can be configured as a slide rail, and the other can be configured as a slide groove. The slide rail is slidably mounted inside the slide groove to achieve a slidable connection.

[0028] One end of the second telescopic spring 413 is fixedly mounted on the second limiting plate 416, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the adjusting mechanism 412. The third sliding member 414 and the fourth sliding member 415 are sleeved inside the second telescopic spring 416. The third sliding member 414 is fixedly mounted on the adjusting mechanism 412, and the fourth sliding member 415 is fixedly mounted on the second limiting plate 416. The third sliding member 414 and the fourth sliding member 415 are slidably connected. For example, one of the third sliding member 414 and the fourth sliding member 415 can be configured as a sliding rod with a smaller diameter, and the other can be configured as a sleeve. The sliding rod is slidably mounted inside the sleeve to achieve a slidable connection. Alternatively, one of the third sliding member 414 and the fourth sliding member 415 can be configured as a slide rail, and the other can be configured as a slide groove. The slide rail is slidably mounted inside the slide groove to achieve a slidable connection.

[0029] The damper 4 also includes a rubber anti-slip sleeve 43 covering the outer surfaces of the first damping unit 9, the second damping unit 10, and the adjusting mechanism 12, and a reinforcing connecting plate 44 fixedly connected to the rubber anti-slip sleeve 43, for isolating the external environment and reducing wear. The reinforcing connecting plate 44 can be configured as two symmetrical structures, with mounting holes 45 on the reinforcing connecting plate 44 for connection by bolts.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 412 includes a first mounting plate 4121, a force transmission rod 4122, a third telescopic spring 4123, a second mounting plate 4124, an adjustment column 4125, a bolt fixing plate 4126, a bolt fixing rod 4127, a third mounting plate 4128, a washer 4129, and a nut 41210, etc.

[0031] One end of the first telescopic spring 49 and one end of the second telescopic spring 413 are respectively fixedly mounted on the first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128. The first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128 are connected by a force transmission rod 4122; optionally, through holes are formed on the first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128, and the force transmission rod 4122 is sleeved through the through holes, and both the first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128 can move along the force transmission rod 4122; a third telescopic spring 4123 is sleeved on the force transmission rod 4122. The two ends of the third telescopic spring 4123 are in contact with or connected to the first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128, respectively.

[0032] The force transmission rod 4122 has threads at both ends. The first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128 are limited by the threaded nuts 41210. Washers 4129 are provided between the nuts 41210 and the first mounting plate 4121 and the third mounting plate 4128 respectively, which play an elastic buffering role.

[0033] The force transmission rod 4122 is also slidably provided with a second mounting plate 4124. For example, a through hole is opened in the second mounting plate 4124, and the force transmission rod 4122 is slidably sleeved in the through hole. The second mounting plate 4124 is fixed to the third telescopic spring 4123. Optionally, the third telescopic spring 4123 can be divided into two sections, one section having its two ends fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 4121 and the second mounting plate 4124 respectively, and the other section having its two ends fixedly connected to the third mounting plate 4128 and the second mounting plate 4124 respectively; alternatively, the middle position of the third telescopic spring 4123 can be directly connected to the inner wall of the through hole of the second mounting plate 4124 by welding or other means.

[0034] A bolt fixing plate 4126 is provided on the third mounting plate 4128 via a bolt fixing rod 4127; an adjusting column 4125 is provided at the middle position of the bolt fixing plate 4126, for example, the adjusting column 4125 can be set on the bolt fixing plate 4126 by welding or threaded connection. A friction hole is provided on the second mounting plate 4124, and the adjusting column 4125 is inserted into the friction hole; specifically, when the second mounting plate 4124 moves up and down, friction is generated between the friction hole on the second mounting plate 4124 and the adjusting column 4125, thereby generating frictional energy dissipation. In some embodiments, the outer surface of the adjusting column 4125 may be provided with a layer of wear-resistant material with a threaded or convex / concave shape.

[0035] During operation, the first damping unit 9 and the second damping unit 10 first consume some energy and transfer the energy to the third telescopic spring 4123, driving the second mounting plate 4124 to move; during the movement, the second mounting plate 4124 generates friction energy with the adjusting column 4125, achieving the dual energy consumption target.

[0036] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the self-resetting mechanism 5 includes stiffening ribs 51, prestressed cables 52, prestressed anchors 53, U-shaped energy-dissipating plates 54, and connecting bolts 55. In some embodiments, the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate 54 can be made of mild steel. When the steel beam 3 and the cantilever beam 2 undergo relative displacement, the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate 54 dissipates energy through plastic deformation, while the prestressed cables 52 provide a restoring force.

[0037] The prestressed cable 52 has a stiffening rib 51 at each end via a prestressed anchor 53. The two stiffening ribs 51 are fixed to the two symmetrical cantilever beams 2 by welding or other means. The steel beam 3 also has a stiffening rib 51 at each end via welding or other means, and the prestressed cable 52 passes through a pre-set hole at the top of the stiffening rib 51.

[0038] The U-shaped energy-dissipating plate 54 is located between two stiffening ribs 51, and the two ends of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate 54 are connected to the cantilever beam 2 and the steel beam 3 respectively by connecting bolts 55.

[0039] In this embodiment, the damper 4 constitutes the first-stage energy dissipation component, and the self-resetting mechanism 5 constitutes the second-stage energy dissipation component. The U-shaped energy dissipation plate 54 in the self-resetting structure 5 works in conjunction with the prestressed cable 52 to limit beam end displacement and delay the formation of plastic hinges. Their combined action ensures safety while facilitating subsequent repair work.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, the first connecting plate 6 includes a first circular bolt hole 61, a first elongated bolt hole 62, a first horizontal connecting groove 63, a first hinge fixing rod 64, and a first hinge fixing rod connecting part 65, etc.

[0041] The first connecting plate 6 has multiple first circular bolt holes 61 and multiple first elongated bolt holes 62 at both ends; a first horizontal connecting groove 63 is provided in the middle of the first connecting plate 6, and the first hinge fixing rod 64 is provided on the first horizontal connecting groove 63.

[0042] The first circular bolt hole 61 is connected to the cantilever beam 2 through the fastening assembly 7; the first elongated bolt hole 62 is connected to the steel beam 3 through the fastening assembly 7; the middle position of the first hinge fixing rod 64 is the first hinge fixing rod connecting part 65, which is used to connect with the second hinge point 47 to realize the hinge.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, the fastening assembly 7 includes a fastening bolt 71, a fastening nut 73 capable of being threadedly connected to the fastening bolt 71, and a fastening bolt washer 72 fitted onto the fastening bolt 71.

[0044] like Figure 9 As shown, the second connecting plate 8 includes a second circular bolt hole 81, a second elongated bolt hole 82, a second horizontal connecting groove 83, a second hinge fixing rod 84, and a second hinge fixing rod connecting part 85, etc.

[0045] The second connecting plate 8 has multiple second circular bolt holes 81 and multiple second elongated bolt holes 82 at both ends; a second horizontal connecting groove 83 is provided in the middle of the second connecting plate 8, and a second hinge fixing rod 84 is provided on the second horizontal connecting groove 83.

[0046] The second circular bolt hole 81 is connected to the cantilever beam 2 through the fastening assembly 7; the second elongated bolt hole 82 is connected to the steel beam 3 through the fastening assembly 7; the middle position of the second hinge fixing rod 84 is the second hinge fixing rod connecting part 85, which is used to connect with the second hinge point 41 to realize the hinge.

[0047] One of the construction processes in this embodiment is as follows: The components of this node are manufactured.

[0048] The square steel pipe column 1 is welded to the cantilever beam 2. A first connecting plate 6 is set on the outside of the connection end between the steel beam 3 and the cantilever beam 2. A U-shaped energy-dissipating plate 54 is placed on the inside, with its opening facing the center of the node. The fastening assembly 7 passes through the corresponding bolt holes to form a whole.

[0049] The first sliding member 410 is nested inside the second sliding member 411. After the first telescopic spring 49 is fitted, its two ends are fixedly connected to the first limiting plate 48 and the upper end of the adjusting mechanism 412 respectively to form the first damping unit 9. The second damping unit 10 is assembled in the same way.

[0050] After the force transmission rod 4122 passes through the first mounting plate 4121, the third telescopic spring 4123 is fitted onto it. Then, the second mounting plate 4124 passes through the force transmission rod 4122, and the third telescopic spring 4123 is fixed to the first mounting plate 4121 and the second mounting plate 4124 respectively. The third telescopic spring 4123 and the third mounting plate 4128 are fitted onto it, and the third telescopic spring 4123 is fixed to the second mounting plate 4122 and the third mounting plate 4128 respectively. The adjusting column 4125 passes through the second mounting plate 4124 and is fixed by the bolt fixing plate 4126 and the bolt fixing rod 4127 to form a complete internal structure of the damper. A rubber anti-slip sleeve 43 is fitted onto the outer surface, and a reinforcing connecting plate 44 is fixedly connected to the rubber anti-slip sleeve 43 to form a complete damper 4.

[0051] The second connecting plate 8 is welded to the square steel pipe column 1, the horizontal connecting groove is welded to the connecting plate, and then the upper hinge point of the damper 4 is hinged to the hinge fixing rod in the connecting groove.

[0052] The stiffening rib 51 is welded to the cantilever beam 2 and the steel beam 3. The two ends of the prestressed cable 52 are anchored to the stiffening rib 51 through the prestressed anchor 53, forming a complete self-resetting energy-dissipating square steel tube column foot device.

[0053] Example 2: This embodiment provides a substation beam-column structure that uses the substation beam-column joint as described in Embodiment 1.

[0054] Example 3: This embodiment provides a substation that uses the substation beam-column structure described in Embodiment 2.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A beam-column joint for a substation, characterized in that, It includes square steel tube columns and cantilever beams arranged perpendicularly to each other, a steel beam mounted on the cantilever beams via a first connecting plate and a self-resetting mechanism, and a damper disposed between the first connecting plate and the square steel tube columns; The first connecting plate is located on the outer side of the cantilever beam. One end of the first connecting plate is provided with a first circular bolt hole, and the other end is provided with a first elongated bolt hole. The first elongated bolt hole is connected to the cantilever beam. The self-resetting mechanism is located on the inner side of the cantilever beam. The self-resetting mechanism includes a U-shaped energy-dissipating plate. The middle U-shaped part of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate is located at the connection between the cantilever beam and the steel beam. The two ends of the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are respectively connected to the cantilever beam and the steel beam. One end of the first connecting plate and the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are simultaneously connected to the cantilever beam through a fastening assembly. The other end of the first connecting plate and the U-shaped energy-dissipating plate are simultaneously connected to the steel beam through a fastening assembly.

2. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 1, characterized in that, On both sides of the connection between the cantilever beam and the steel beam, a first connecting plate and a damper are provided; the damper is inclinedly disposed between the first connecting plate and the steel beam.

3. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The damper includes a first damping unit, a second damping unit, and an adjustment mechanism arranged along the axial direction.

4. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first damping unit includes a first connector, a first hinge point and a first limiting plate respectively disposed at both ends of the first connector, a first telescopic spring respectively disposed at both ends of the first limiting plate and the adjusting mechanism, and a first sliding member and a second sliding member respectively disposed on the first limiting plate and the adjusting mechanism; the first sliding member and the second sliding member are slidably connected.

5. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second damping unit includes a second connector, a second hinge point and a second limiting plate respectively disposed at both ends of the second connector, a second telescopic spring respectively disposed at both ends of the second limiting plate and the adjustment mechanism, and a fourth sliding member and a third sliding member respectively disposed on the second limiting plate and the adjustment mechanism; the third sliding member and the fourth sliding member are slidably connected.

6. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The damper also includes a rubber anti-slip sleeve covering the first damping unit, the second damping unit and the adjustment mechanism, and a reinforcing connecting plate that is fixedly connected to the rubber anti-slip sleeve.

7. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a force transmission rod, and a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and a third mounting plate are slidably disposed on the force transmission rod in sequence; a third telescopic spring is provided between the second mounting plate and the first mounting plate, and between the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate; a bolt fixing plate is provided on the third mounting plate, and an adjustment column is provided between the bolt fixing plate and the second mounting plate.

8. A substation beam-column joint as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting plate further includes a first horizontal connecting groove and a first hinged fixing rod disposed on the first horizontal connecting groove; the square steel tube column and the damper are connected by a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate having the same structure as the first connecting plate.

9. A substation beam-column structure, characterized in that, The substation beam-column joint as described in any one of claims 1-8 was used.

10. A substation, characterized in that, The substation beam-column structure as described in claim 9 was used.

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