A new hydraulic back-off tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel hydraulic pressure backoff tool relates to oil and gas well drilling and repairing well technical field. A novel hydraulic pressure backoff tool is equipped with the upper joint on the left side of hydraulic pressure backoff tool, and the right side screw joint of upper joint has the valve body, and the right side screw joint of valve body has the upper gear cylinder body, and the right side screw joint of lower gear box body of upper gear cylinder body has lower joint, and the left side of the center cavity of hydraulic pressure backoff tool is equipped with the upper mandrel, and the right side of upper mandrel is equipped with lower mandrel, and upper mandrel and lower mandrel engage and are fixed through fixed screw, and the power cover is equipped between lower gear box body and lower mandrel. The utility model discloses through the innovative design pressure transmission structure, single time holds pressure, can realize 360 DEG continuous torque output, effectively solve the complicated operation of traditional tool needing multiple pressurization and pressure relief, significantly improve operation efficiency, realize low speed big torque reverse transmission through two stage gear reduction, complete backoff operation, and transmission torque is big, and the structure operation is simple and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil and gas well drilling and workover technology, specifically to a novel hydraulic reverse-clamping tool. Background Technology

[0002] During the later stages of oil and gas well development, production enhancement measures need to be implemented. During drilling and repair operations / production enhancement measures, pipe string jamming accidents frequently occur. Once a jamming accident occurs, it will increase the operation cycle and cost, and in severe cases, it will cause the well to be scrapped.

[0003] Currently, the common handling measures for stuck tubing include the following: First, reverse the drill pipe to reverse the stuck point; second, cut the stuck point; third, use explosive release technology; fourth, use planetary gear mechanical reverse-locking tools; and fifth, use hydraulic reverse-locking tools specifically designed for highly deviated wells and horizontal wells.

[0004] In practice, these technologies all have significant limitations. For example, reverse-threaded drill pipe is not stocked at the well site and needs to be prepared separately, resulting in high production and transportation costs and requiring a large construction area. Torque is transmitted from the wellhead to the bottom of the well, leading to significant energy loss and reducing the service life of the drill pipe. Cutting methods can damage the tubing string, and space constraints make the operation cumbersome. Explosive release tools solve some on-site problems to a certain extent, performing the release operation well in a single reverse-threading operation, but they are not suitable for subsequent reverse-threading operations. Planetary gear reverse-threading tools, due to tool size limitations, have small planetary gears with low strength, resulting in low overall tool output torque, which cannot meet the requirements of high-torque reverse-threading operations.

[0005] Currently available hydraulic reverse-clamping tools mainly consist of two parts: a hydraulic anchor and a hydraulic reverse-clamping device. The upper hydraulic anchor is pressurized and anchored to the casing, providing the reverse-clamping reaction force for the lower hydraulic reverse-clamping device, while also avoiding the risk of rotational uncoupling of the upper end of the anchor. The lower hydraulic reverse-clamping device mainly consists of three parts: a pressure boosting mechanism, a torsion mechanism, and a power output mechanism. The pressure boosting mechanism provides axial driving force by pressing and pushing upper and lower pistons. The torsion mechanism uses the relative motion of a left-hand spiral mandrel and a left-hand spiral spline sleeve to convert axial force into left-hand torque. The power output mechanism adopts an inner and outer double ratchet design, with the inner and outer ratchets independent of each other. The inner ratchet is not affected by the right-hand rotation torque, and the outer ratchet ensures that the reverse-clamping torque already applied will not rotate. The sequential pressing and depressurizing constitutes one pressure cycle. During pressing, the piston moves downward, pushing the ratchet to rotate; during depressurizing, the spring pushes the piston back to its original position. This repeated pressing and depressurizing action continues until the reverse-clamping operation is completed. During operation, the wellhead was repeatedly pressurized and depressurized, which was complicated and time-consuming. After each depressurization, it was impossible to determine whether the upper and lower pistons had fully reset. If the pistons did not fully reset, there was a risk that the inner and outer ratchets would not be able to complete the skipping of teeth, thus failing to transmit torque. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of hydraulic reverse-clamping tool to solve the problem of oil and gas well tubing string jamming accidents. The existing hydraulic reverse-clamping tools are complicated to operate, have a long cycle, and cannot determine whether the upper and lower pistons have been fully reset after each depressurization. If the pistons are not fully reset, there is a risk that the inner and outer ratchet teeth will not be able to jump completely.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A novel hydraulic reversing tool is provided, wherein an upper connector is provided on the left side of the hydraulic reversing tool, a valve body is screwed to the right side of the upper connector, an upper gear cylinder is screwed to the right side of the valve body, a lower gear box is screwed to the right side of the upper gear cylinder, a lower connector is screwed to the right side of the lower gear box, an upper mandrel is provided on the left side of the central cavity of the hydraulic reversing tool, a lower mandrel is provided on the right side of the upper mandrel, the upper mandrel and the lower mandrel mesh and are fixed by fixing screws, and a power sleeve is provided between the lower gear box and the lower mandrel; The valve body has several sealing holes around its inner wall. A power piston is embedded in each sealing hole. A pressure transmission valve is located on the left side of the power piston. An adjusting nut for fixing the position is located on the left side of the pressure transmission valve. A key block is located on the inner outer wall of the pressure transmission valve. A gearbox body is provided on the left side of the cavity between the upper mandrel and the lower mandrel. A pin is provided on the right side of the gearbox body. A gearbox cover is provided on the right side of the pin. A gear is provided on the outside of the pin. The gear meshes with the outer upper gear cylinder and the inner lower mandrel. A cavity is also provided between the upper gear cylinder and the power sleeve. The right cavity contains the gearbox body, pin, gearbox cover, and gear. The right cavity is symmetrical to the left cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, a sealing mandrel is provided on the right side of the lower mandrel. The sealing mandrel is cylindrical with narrow ends and a wide middle. The left side of the sealing mandrel is embedded in the lower mandrel, and the right side of the sealing mandrel is embedded in the lower connector.

[0009] Furthermore, the power sleeve is fixed to the lower spindle by a cylindrical head screw.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjusting nut has a set screw inside for limiting its position.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower connector is equipped with steel balls inside.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This application, through an innovative pressure transmission structure design, achieves continuous 360° torque output with a single pressurization, effectively solving the cumbersome operation of traditional tools requiring multiple pressurization and depressurization cycles, significantly improving work efficiency. Through two-stage gear reduction, it achieves low-speed, high-torque reverse transmission to complete the reverse clamping operation; it transmits large torque, has a simple and reliable structure, facilitates later maintenance, and ensures a firm connection and uniform force distribution during the reverse clamping process. The entire device has good sealing performance and is adaptable to complex downhole environments.

[0013] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of component 3 of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of component 6 of this utility model.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Upper connector; 2. Adjusting nut; 3. Pressure transmission valve; 4. Valve body; 5. Power piston; 6. Upper spindle; 7. Gearbox body; 8. Pin; 9. Gear; 10. Lower spindle; 11. Upper gear cylinder; 12. Gearbox cover; 13. Power sleeve; 14. Lower gearbox body; 15. Sealing spindle; 16. Lower connector; 17. Fixing screw; 18. Steel ball; 19. Key block; 20. Set screw; 21. Cylindrical head screw. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 A preferred embodiment of this application shows a novel hydraulic buckling tool. The hydraulic buckling tool has an upper connector 1 on the left side, a valve body 4 screwed to the right side of the upper connector 1, an upper gear cylinder 11 screwed to the right side of the valve body 4, a lower gear box 14 screwed to the right side of the upper gear cylinder 11, and a lower connector 16 screwed to the right side of the lower gear box 14. An upper mandrel 6 is provided on the left side of the central cavity of the hydraulic buckling tool, and a lower mandrel 10 is provided on the right side of the upper mandrel 6. The upper mandrel 6 and the lower mandrel 10 mesh and are fixed by fixing screws 17. A power sleeve 13 is provided between the lower gear box 14 and the lower mandrel 10. The inner wall of the valve body 4 is provided with several sealing holes, and a power piston 5 is embedded in the sealing holes. A pressure transmission valve 3 is provided on the left side of the power piston 5. An adjusting nut 2 for fixing the position is provided on the left side of the pressure transmission valve 3. A key block 19 is provided on the inner outer wall of the pressure transmission valve 3. A gearbox body 7 is provided on the left side of the cavity between the upper mandrel 6 and the lower mandrel 10. A pin 8 is provided on the right side of the gearbox body 7. A gearbox cover 12 is provided on the right side of the pin 8. A gear 9 is provided on the outside of the pin 8. The gear 9 meshes with the outer upper gear cylinder 11 and the inner lower mandrel 10. A cavity is also provided between the upper gear cylinder 11 and the power sleeve 13. The right cavity contains a gearbox body 7, a pin 8, a gearbox cover 12, and a gear 9. The right cavity is symmetrical to the left cavity.

[0025] A sealing mandrel 15 is provided on the right side of the lower mandrel 10. The sealing mandrel 15 is cylindrical with narrow ends and a wide middle. The left side of the sealing mandrel 15 is embedded in the lower mandrel 10, and the right side of the sealing mandrel 15 is embedded in the lower connector 16.

[0026] The power sleeve 13 is fixed to the lower spindle 10 by a cylindrical head screw 21.

[0027] The adjusting nut 2 has a set screw 20 inside for limiting the position.

[0028] The lower connector 16 has a steel ball 18 inside.

[0029] When using it, the installation procedure is as follows: 1. Insert the corresponding number of power pistons 5 into the sealing holes from the right end of the valve body 4 in sequence; 2. Valve body 4 is installed from the upper end of upper spindle 6; 3. Pressure transmission valve 3 is installed from the upper end of the upper spindle 6 and is tightly attached to the upper end face of the valve body 4; 4. Rotate the pressure transmission valve 3 to position, align it with the keyway at the upper end of the pressure transmission valve 3, and install the key block 19; 5. The adjusting nut 2 is installed from the upper end of the upper spindle 6. Rotate the nut to seal the pressure transmission valve 3 with the end face of the valve body 4 and allow it to rotate. Install the set screw 20 for limiting. 6. The upper connector 1 is inserted from the upper end of the upper mandrel 6 and threadedly connected to the upper end of the valve body 4 and tightened. 7. Gearbox body 7 is installed from the lower end of upper spindle 6; 8. Install the gears 9 into the lower end of the upper spindle 6 and engage their external teeth, then push them into the lower hole of the gearbox 7, and then insert the pins 8 into the gearbox 7 in sequence. 9. The lower spindle 10 is inserted from the lower end of the upper spindle 6, aligned with the gear hole, and meshes with the gearbox body 7. The fixing screws 17 are then inserted and tightened in sequence. 10. Rotate the upper gear cylinder 11 into the lower end of the lower spindle 10 and thread it into the lower end of the valve body 4 and tighten it. 11 The gearbox cover 12 is inserted from the lower end of the lower spindle 10, and after being rotated to engage with the spline at the lower end of the upper gear cylinder 11, it is pushed to the top. 12. Install gear 9 into the lower end of the lower spindle 10 and engage the external teeth, then push it into the lower hole of the gearbox cover 12, and then insert pin 8 into the gearbox cover 12 in sequence. 13. The gearbox body 7 is inserted from the lower end of the lower spindle 10, aligned with the gear hole, and engaged with the gearbox cover 12. The fixing screws 17 are then inserted and tightened in sequence. 14. Insert the split power sleeve 13 into the annular groove at the lower end of the lower spindle 10, and install the cylindrical head screw 21 to fix the two halves. 15. Use a special tooling to insert into the groove at the lower end of the lower spindle 10 to fix the power sleeve 13 to the lower spindle 10 so that it does not rotate; then insert the lower gearbox 14 from the lower end of the power sleeve 13, and connect it to the external thread of the power sleeve 13 and tighten it. 16 Remove the special tooling and insert the sealing mandrel 15 into the sealing hole at the lower end of the lower mandrel 10; 17. Install the lower connector 16 into the lower gearbox 14 and tighten it with threads.

[0030] Working principle: Steel ball 18 is inserted into the wellhead tubing. The pressure inside the wellbore is transmitted sequentially through the pressure transmission valve 3 and the corresponding pressure transmission holes and guide grooves of the valve body 4 to the circumferentially distributed power pistons 5. Note: There are 10 power pistons evenly distributed around the circumference. Five power pistons are in a sealed state, and the other five power pistons are connected to the outer annulus of the tool. This position changes with the rotation of the upper mandrel 6. The power piston 5 in the sealed position pushes the curved surface of the upper mandrel 6 to rotate clockwise under the action of the pressure inside the tubing. The remaining power pistons 5 in the depressurized state are reset under the action of the curved surface of the upper mandrel 6, discharging the liquid in the cavity to the outside of the tubing. Since the pressure transmission valve 3 is connected to the upper spindle 6 via a spline, the pressure transmission valve 3 will also rotate continuously, thereby constantly changing the pressure transmission position, so that the circumferentially distributed power pistons will repeatedly complete the process of bearing and releasing pressure, thus achieving one pressurization inside the pipe, and always keeping the upper spindle 6 in a 360° clockwise circumferential rotation. The upper end of the hydraulic reverser is connected to the hydraulic anchor. When the pipe is pressurized, the hydraulic anchor is first set to ensure that it is completely anchored in the target sleeve. Therefore, the positions of the three components, namely the upper connector 1, valve body 4, and upper gear cylinder 11, are all fixed. The gearbox cover 12 is connected to the upper gear cylinder 11 by a spline, and their relative positions are also fixed. According to the planetary gear structure in the AA cross-sectional view, the upper gear cylinder 11 is a fixed gear ring, and the upper spindle 6 is a sun gear that drives the gearbox 7 and the lower spindle 10 to mesh to form a planetary carrier to reduce speed and output axial driving force. The upper spindle 6 and the lower spindle 10 in the planetary carrier rotate in the same direction, which is clockwise. Corresponding to the planetary gear structure in the BB cross-section, the planetary carrier formed by the gearbox cover 12 and the gearbox body 7 is fixed in position. The lower spindle 10 drives the lower gearbox body 14 and the lower connector 16 to perform deceleration transmission, outputting left-hand drive force, and then transmitting the left-hand torque to the retrieval tool below for the backing operation. The threaded connection between the lower gearbox body 14 and the lower connector 16 is a left-hand thread, used to transmit the backing torque.

[0031] Work process: a. When the ball is thrown into the casing and pressure is accumulated, the upper anchor is set inside the casing: b. As the tubing continues to be pressurized, the pressure inside the tubing is converted into axial thrust, which pushes part of the power piston downward; c. The remaining power pistons, under the action of the upper mandrel curved surface, perform a reset motion, discharging the liquid in the cavity to the outside of the tubing; d. The power piston drives the upper mandrel surface to rotate continuously in a clockwise direction; e. The upper spindle drives the lower spindle in a clockwise deceleration motion; f. The lower spindle drives the lower gearbox to perform a reverse deceleration motion, while simultaneously driving the lower connector to perform a counterclockwise reversing operation.

[0032] Features of this utility model: a. Two-stage gear reduction achieves low-speed, high-torque transmission; b. A single pressurization can achieve continuous torque output of 360°; c. No need for repeated pressurization and depressurization, making on-site operation simpler; d. It transmits large torque, has a simple structure, and is easy to maintain.

[0033] In summary, this utility model provides a novel hydraulic reverse-clamping tool. Through an innovative pressure transmission structure design, this device achieves continuous 360° torque output with a single pressurization, effectively solving the cumbersome operation of traditional tools requiring multiple pressurization and depressurization cycles, significantly improving work efficiency. A two-stage gear reduction system enables low-speed, high-torque reverse transmission to complete the reverse-clamping operation. It features high torque transmission, a simple and reliable structure, convenient maintenance, and a secure connection with uniform force distribution during the reverse-clamping process. The entire device has excellent sealing properties and is suitable for complex downhole environments.

[0034] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0035] The embodiments described above merely illustrate the implementation of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel hydraulic overlocking tool, characterized in that, The hydraulic buckling tool has an upper connector (1) on its left side, a valve body (4) screwed to the right side of the upper connector (1), an upper gear cylinder (11) screwed to the right side of the valve body (4), a lower gear box (14) screwed to the right side of the upper gear cylinder (11), and a lower connector (16) screwed to the right side of the lower gear box (14). The hydraulic buckling tool has an upper spindle (6) on its left side of the central cavity, and a lower spindle (10) on its right side. The upper spindle (6) and the lower spindle (10) mesh and are fixed by a fixing screw (17). A power sleeve (13) is provided between the lower gear box (14) and the lower spindle (10). The valve body (4) has several sealing holes around its inner wall. A power piston (5) is embedded in the sealing hole. A pressure valve (3) is provided on the left side of the power piston (5). An adjusting nut (2) for fixing the position is provided on the left side of the pressure valve (3). A key block (19) is provided on the inner outer wall of the pressure valve (3). A gearbox body (7) is provided on the left side of the cavity between the upper mandrel (6) and the lower mandrel (10). A pin (8) is provided on the right side of the gearbox body (7). A gearbox cover (12) is provided on the right side of the pin (8). A gear (9) is provided on the outside of the pin (8). The gear (9) meshes with the outer upper gear cylinder (11) and the inner lower mandrel (10). A cavity is also provided between the upper gear cylinder (11) and the power sleeve (13). The right cavity contains the gearbox body (7), pin (8), gearbox cover (12), and gear (9). The right cavity is symmetrical to the left cavity.

2. The novel hydraulic buckling tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mandrel (10) has a sealing mandrel (15) on its right side. The sealing mandrel (15) is cylindrical with narrow ends and a wide middle. The left side of the sealing mandrel (15) is embedded in the lower mandrel (10), and the right side of the sealing mandrel (15) is embedded in the lower connector (16).

3. The novel hydraulic backing tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power sleeve (13) is fixed to the lower spindle (10) by a cylindrical head screw (21).

4. A novel hydraulic overlocking tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting nut (2) has a set screw (20) inside for limiting the position.

5. A novel hydraulic overlocking tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower connector (16) is equipped with a steel ball (18) inside.

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