A tunnel crossing structure for a landslide body in a steep slope section

Abstract

The utility model relates to tunnel technical field provides a kind of landslide tunnel crossing structure of steep slope section, including tunnel support structure and anti-sliding structure;Tunnel support structure includes initial support, secondary lining and lateral reinforcement structure;Anti-sliding structure includes multiple anti-slide piles;Initial support is equipped with connecting portion on the side close to ground line;Initial support is connected with anti-slide pile;Lateral reinforcement structure is located in connecting portion;One end of lateral reinforcement structure is connected with anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected with initial support and secondary lining respectively.Initial support is connected with anti-slide pile, and the surrounding rock pressure and landslide lateral force borne by itself are transmitted to anti-slide pile;Forming "initial support-anti-slide pile" collaborative force system, effectively dispersing the complex load inside landslide, to avoid the structure damage caused by local stress concentration.Solve the problem of low anti-sliding efficiency caused by independent structure stress in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel technology, and in particular to a tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's transportation infrastructure extends into mountainous areas, numerous tunnels must traverse sloping terrain bordering mountains and rivers. When the route is constrained by control points (such as crossing valleys or ridges), making it impossible for the tunnel alignment to avoid unstable landslide areas, the threat posed by landslides to tunnel safety becomes even more prominent. Tunnel defects caused by landslides occur frequently during the construction and operation phases, not only affecting the safe operation of tunnels but also consuming significant human, material, and financial resources.

[0003] Existing landslide prevention measures in tunnel areas are divided into two categories: landslide remediation projects and tunnel reinforcement projects. Landslide remediation projects use retaining structures such as anti-slide piles and prestressed anchor cables to resist landslide thrust, supplemented by measures such as drainage, clearing and load reduction, or front edge counterpressure to improve the landslide stability coefficient. Tunnel reinforcement projects improve the mechanical properties of surrounding rock through grouting and systematic anchor bolts, or increase the stiffness of the initial support and thicken the secondary lining to bear the load.

[0004] However, the following drawbacks still exist: the landslide prevention structure and the tunnel support structure are subjected to forces independently, and a mechanism for coordinated force transmission has not been established. For example, some schemes set anti-slide piles on the upper and lower sides of the tunnel, but they are not connected to the tunnel lining, resulting in a single row of anti-slide piles bearing all the thrust, with excessively large cross-sectional dimensions and the other row of piles not fully playing its role; other schemes connect the anti-slide piles through connecting beams and pipe roofs, but they are still separated from the tunnel structure, and the anti-slide piles are set from the ground surface, with large height and concentrated thrust, requiring large cross-sections and long piles, as well as excavation of the soil between the piles, which is not suitable for deep landslides, and has problems such as high investment, high construction difficulty, and limited applicability.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides to solve or at least alleviate the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, the landslide prevention structure and the tunnel support structure are independently subjected to force and no force coordination and transmission mechanism is established.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides, including a tunnel support structure and an anti-sliding structure; The tunnel support structure includes initial support, secondary lining, and lateral reinforcement structure. The anti-sliding structure includes multiple anti-sliding piles spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel; The bottom of the anti-slide pile extends into a stable stratum below the sliding surface; Both the initial support and the secondary lining have annular cross-sections, and the initial support is located outside the secondary lining. The initial support has a connecting part on the side closest to the ground line; the anti-slide pile is close to the connecting part; the initial support is connected to the anti-slide pile; The lateral reinforcement structure is located within the connection portion; one end of the lateral reinforcement structure is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected to the initial support and the secondary lining, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the lateral reinforcement structure includes a lateral reinforcement plate and lateral connecting steel bars; One end of the lateral connecting steel bar is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected to the steel arch frame in the initial support. One end of the lateral reinforcement plate is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected to the initial support and the secondary lining, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the lateral reinforcement plate is made of reinforced concrete.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-slide pile includes a pile body and a corbel structure; The corbel structure is connected to the pile body; The initial support steel arch frame is connected to the corbel structure.

[0011] Preferably, the cow leg structure includes an upper cow leg and a lower cow leg; The upper bracket and the lower bracket are respectively connected to the pile body; The initial support is located at the upper end of the connecting part and is connected to the upper corbel; The initial support is located at the lower end of the connecting part and is connected to the lower corbel.

[0012] Preferably, the corbel structure includes a corbel body, a connecting steel plate, and reinforcing steel bars; The main body of the corbel is connected to the main body of the pile; The connecting steel plate is located at the end face of the corbel body, and the initial support steel arch frame is connected to the connecting steel plate; One end of the reinforcing bar is connected to the connecting steel plate, and the other end is inserted into the main body of the corbel.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-slip structure further includes prestressed anchor cables; One end of the prestressed anchor cable is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end extends into the stable stratum below the sliding surface.

[0014] Preferably, the tunnel support structure further includes a foundation grouting pipe; The base grouting pipe is located at the bottom of the initial support, and the base grouting pipe is located on the side close to the anti-slide pile; The base grouting pipe reinforces the soil and rock mass at the bottom of the initial support by grouting.

[0015] Preferably, the tunnel support structure further includes multiple system anchor bolts arranged in a quincunx pattern; One end of the system anchor is connected to the steel arch frame of the initial support, and the other end extends into the surrounding rock.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The initial support is directly connected to the anti-slide piles. The anti-slide piles provide rigid support for the initial support of the tunnel and transfer the thrust of the truncated landslide body to the stable strata below the sliding surface. The initial support of the tunnel, through its connection with the anti-slide piles, transfers the surrounding rock pressure and the lateral force of the landslide body to the anti-slide piles. This forms a collaborative force-bearing system of "initial support-anti-slide piles", which effectively disperses the complex load inside the landslide body and avoids structural damage caused by local stress concentration. This solves the problem of low anti-slide efficiency caused by independent structural stress in the existing technology.

[0017] (2) The lateral reinforcement structure can further strengthen the connection between the initial support and the anti-slide pile, and can resist lateral compression in the face of the complex stress environment when crossing the landslide body. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel support structure in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the lateral reinforcement structure and the anti-slide pile in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the corbel structure and the initial support in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The purpose, features, and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Initial support; 101. Connection part; 2. Secondary lining; 3. Lateral reinforcement structure; 301. Lateral reinforcement plate; 302. Lateral connecting steel bars; 4. Anti-slide pile; 401. Pile body; 402. Corbel structure; 4021. Upper corbel; 4022. Lower corbel; 4023. Corbel body; 4024. Connecting steel plate; 4025. Reinforcing steel bars; 5. Prestressed anchor cable; 6. Foundation grouting pipe; 7. System anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] In this utility model, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a tunnel crossing structure for a steep slope landslide in one embodiment, comprising a tunnel support structure and an anti-sliding structure. The tunnel support structure includes initial support 1, secondary lining 2, and lateral reinforcement structure 3. The anti-sliding structure includes multiple anti-sliding piles 4 spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel; The bottom of the anti-slide pile 4 extends into the stable stratum below the sliding surface. Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the anti-slide pile 4 is selected according to the sliding direction. The long side of the rectangular cross-section is consistent with the sliding direction of the landslide body to enhance the shear resistance. Furthermore, when the sliding direction of the landslide body is unclear, the cross-section of the anti-slide pile 4 is circular. The concrete strength grade of the anti-slide pile 4 is not lower than C25, and not lower than C30 below the groundwater level.

[0026] Both the initial support 1 and the secondary lining 2 have annular cross-sections, and the initial support 1 is located outside the secondary lining 2. The initial support 1 is provided with a connecting part 101 on the side near the ground line; the anti-slide pile 4 is close to the connecting part 101; the initial support 1 is connected to the anti-slide pile 4; specifically, the initial support 1 adopts a combined structure of shotcrete and steel arch frame; the connection between the initial support 1 and the anti-slide pile 4 can realize rapid restraint of surrounding rock deformation and bear the surrounding rock pressure and landslide lateral force during the construction stage; and the initial support 1 transfers the load to the anti-slide pile 4 through the connection with the anti-slide pile 4, realizing the coordinated force of "initial support 1-anti-slide pile 4".

[0027] The lateral reinforcement structure 3 is located within the connecting portion 101; one end of the lateral reinforcement structure 3 is connected to the anti-slide pile 4, and the other end is connected to the initial support 1 and the secondary lining 2 respectively. Specifically, the lateral reinforcement structure 3 is used to enhance the resistance to the lateral thrust of the landslide body, strengthen the structural integrity between the initial support 1 and the anti-slide pile 4, ensure effective force transmission, prevent mutual misalignment between the tunnel support structure and the anti-slide pile 4, and resist lateral compression in the complex stress environment when crossing the landslide body.

[0028] The advantages of adopting the proposed solution are as follows: (1) The initial support 1 is directly connected to the anti-slide pile 4. The anti-slide pile 4 provides rigid support for the initial support 1 of the tunnel and transfers the thrust of the cut-off landslide body to the stable stratum below the sliding surface. Through the connection with the anti-slide pile 4, the initial support 1 of the tunnel transfers the surrounding rock pressure and the lateral force of the landslide body to the anti-slide pile 4. A collaborative force-bearing system of "initial support 1-anti-slide pile 4" is formed, which effectively disperses the complex load inside the landslide body and avoids structural damage caused by local stress concentration. This solves the problem of low anti-slide efficiency caused by independent structural force in the existing technology.

[0029] (2) The lateral reinforcement structure 3 can further strengthen the connection between the initial support 1 and the anti-slide pile 4, and the lateral reinforcement structure 3 can resist lateral compression in response to the complex stress environment when crossing the landslide body.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the lateral reinforcement structure 3 includes a lateral reinforcement plate 301 and a lateral connecting steel bar 302; One end of the lateral connecting steel bar 302 is connected to the anti-slide pile 4, and the other end is connected to the steel arch frame in the initial support 1. Specifically, the lateral connecting steel bar 302 is used to strengthen the connection between the initial support 1, the lateral reinforcing plate 301 and the anti-slide pile 4, enhance the overall structure, ensure the effective transmission of force, and prevent mutual displacement between the tunnel support structure and the anti-slide pile 4.

[0031] One end of the lateral reinforcement plate 301 is connected to the anti-slide pile 4, and the other end is connected to the initial support 1 and the secondary lining 2, respectively. Specifically, the lateral reinforcement plate 301 is used to enhance the resistance to the lateral thrust of the landslide body.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the lateral reinforcement plate 301 is made of reinforced concrete.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-slide pile 4 includes a pile body 401 and a corbel structure 402; The corbel structure 402 is connected to the pile body 401; The steel arch frame of the initial support 1 is connected to the corbel structure 402. Specifically, the corbel structure 402 serves as the connection node between the pile body 401 and the initial support 1 structure, and is used to bear the vertical and horizontal loads transmitted by the initial support 1, thereby realizing the force flow transmission between the two.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the cow leg structure 402 includes an upper cow leg 4021 and a lower cow leg 4022; The upper bracket 4021 and the lower bracket 4022 are respectively connected to the pile body 401; The initial support 1 is located at the upper end of the connecting part 101 and is connected to the upper corbel 4021; The initial support 1 is located at the lower end of the connecting part 101 and is connected to the lower corbel 4022.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the corbel structure 402 includes a corbel body 4023, a connecting steel plate 4024, and reinforcing steel bars 4025; The corbel body 4023 is connected to the pile body 401; specifically, the corbel body 4023 and the pile body 401 are integrally formed.

[0036] The connecting steel plate 4024 is located at the end face of the corbel body 4023, and the steel arch frame of the initial support 1 is connected to the connecting steel plate 4024; One end of the reinforcing steel bar 4025 is connected to the connecting steel plate 4024, and the other end is inserted into the corbel body 4023. Specifically, the connecting steel plate 4024 is made of Q235B steel plate, and the connecting steel plate 4024 is welded to the reinforcing steel bar 4025.

[0037] Furthermore, the anti-slip structure also includes a prestressed anchor cable 5; One end of the prestressed anchor cable 5 is connected to the anti-slide pile 4, and the other end extends into the stable stratum below the sliding surface. Specifically, the prestressed anchor cable 5 is made of high-strength steel strand. The prestressed anchor cable 5 provides active anti-slide force to the anti-slide pile 4 by applying prestress, reducing the bending moment of the pile body and enhancing the overall anti-slide capacity.

[0038] Furthermore, the tunnel support structure also includes a foundation grouting pipe 6; The base grouting pipe 6 is located at the bottom of the initial support 1, and the base grouting pipe 6 is located on the side close to the anti-slide pile 4; The base grouting pipe 6 reinforces the soil and rock mass at the bottom of the initial support 1 by grouting.

[0039] Furthermore, the tunnel support structure also includes multiple system anchor bolts 7 arranged in a quincunx pattern; One end of the system anchor 7 is connected to the steel arch frame of the initial support 1, and the other end extends into the surrounding rock.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel crossing structure for landslides on steep slopes, characterized in that, Including tunnel support structures and anti-sliding structures; The tunnel support structure includes initial support, secondary lining, and lateral reinforcement structure. The anti-sliding structure includes multiple anti-sliding piles spaced apart along the extension direction of the tunnel; The bottom of the anti-slide pile extends into a stable stratum below the sliding surface; Both the initial support and the secondary lining have annular cross-sections, and the initial support is located outside the secondary lining. The initial support has a connecting part on the side closest to the ground line; the anti-slide pile is close to the connecting part; the initial support is connected to the anti-slide pile; The lateral reinforcement structure is located within the connection portion; one end of the lateral reinforcement structure is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected to the initial support and the secondary lining, respectively.

2. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral reinforcement structure includes a lateral reinforcement plate and lateral connecting steel bars; One end of the lateral connecting steel bar is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected to the steel arch frame in the initial support. One end of the lateral reinforcement plate is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end is connected to the initial support and the secondary lining, respectively.

3. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lateral reinforcement plate is made of reinforced concrete.

4. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-slide pile includes a pile body and a corbel structure; The corbel structure is connected to the pile body; The initial support steel arch frame is connected to the corbel structure.

5. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cow leg structure includes an upper cow leg and a lower cow leg; The upper bracket and the lower bracket are respectively connected to the pile body; The initial support is located at the upper end of the connecting part and is connected to the upper corbel; The initial support is located at the lower end of the connecting part and is connected to the lower corbel.

6. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corbel structure includes a corbel body, connecting steel plates, and reinforcing steel bars; The main body of the corbel is connected to the main body of the pile; The connecting steel plate is located at the end face of the corbel body, and the initial support steel arch frame is connected to the connecting steel plate; One end of the reinforcing bar is connected to the connecting steel plate, and the other end is inserted into the main body of the corbel.

7. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-slip structure also includes prestressed anchor cables; One end of the prestressed anchor cable is connected to the anti-slide pile, and the other end extends into the stable stratum below the sliding surface.

8. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel support structure also includes a foundation grouting pipe; The base grouting pipe is located at the bottom of the initial support, and the base grouting pipe is located on the side close to the anti-slide pile; The base grouting pipe reinforces the soil and rock mass at the bottom of the initial support by grouting.

9. The tunnel crossing structure for steep slope landslides according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel support structure also includes multiple system anchor bolts arranged in a quincunx pattern; One end of the system anchor is connected to the steel arch frame of the initial support, and the other end extends into the surrounding rock.

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