Roadway surrounding rock high-strength self-bearing regenerated floor structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roadway surrounding rock high -strength self -supporting regeneration floor structure, including floor seat, still include the grouting mouth of being set up on floor seat. Through grouting mouth can conveniently carry out grouting to the inner chamber of floor seat, can effectively fill the internal gap of floor seat, strengthens the integrity of structure whole, both significantly promote the bearing capacity of floor seat whole, and can realize resource cyclic utilization through the possible regeneration aggregate (such as roadway construction abandoned broken slag) of grouting material and melt into, fully guarantee the regeneration of floor structure, then through the screw rod of first rotating block connection fixed sleeve on the first mounting seat outside floor seat rotation in proper order, can accurate drive the plug cone of screw rod one end and go into the inside of the surrounding land of roadway, form the anchoring support of stable, greatly enhance the connection stability of floor seat and roadway surrounding rock, and then significantly improve the overall support ability of floor seat, effectively resist the external force action of mine pressure disturbance, upper load etc, promote the structure load -bearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of base plate structure technology, specifically to a high-strength self-supporting regenerable base plate structure for roadway surrounding rock. Background Technology

[0002] With the gradual exploitation of coal resources, the mining depth of coal mines is increasing, the mining environment is becoming more complex, the deep rock mass is exhibiting soft rock characteristics, and the roadway cross-section is growing to a large or extra-large cross-section, which has led to the increasingly serious problem of roadway floor heave. This can easily cause the roadway cross-section to shrink, affecting passage and production. For the control of deformation of the coal mine roadway floor, the commonly used support technology is mainly the original surrounding rock floor that has not been specially reinforced or the plain concrete floor that has been simply poured.

[0003] In existing technologies, the load-bearing capacity of unreinforced raw surrounding rock floor slabs or simply poured plain concrete floor slabs is weak. The support effect of such floor slabs is highly dependent on the natural strength of the raw surrounding rock itself, or on a simple cementing layer with limited strength. This results in weak overall load-bearing capacity. In the complex underground environment, once subjected to dynamic disturbances from mining pressure, they are prone to exceeding their own load-bearing limits, causing problems such as floor heave and structural cracking. In severe cases, floor slab collapse may even occur, not only directly encroaching on the effective cross-section of the roadway and hindering production operations, but also making it difficult to resist the continuous deformation pressure of the surrounding rock in the long term. At the same time, due to their poor structural stability, subsequent support and reinforcement work will be more difficult due to the instability of the floor slab foundation, and the support effect is difficult to guarantee. Ultimately, this leads to a shortened floor slab maintenance cycle, requiring frequent investment of manpower and resources for repairs, which affects production efficiency and significantly increases roadway operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-strength, self-supporting, regenerable foundation slab structure for roadways, addressing the problems mentioned in the background section. These problems stem from the fact that unreinforced original rock slabs or simple plain concrete slabs, which heavily rely on the strength of the original rock or only a low-strength cementitious layer, have weak load-bearing capacity. Under underground mining pressure disturbances, they easily exceed their bearing capacity limits, struggle to withstand continuous rock deformation, and suffer from poor stability, leading to difficulties and ineffective reinforcement, ultimately requiring frequent repairs. This not only affects production efficiency but also significantly increases roadway operating costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-strength self-supporting regenerable base plate structure for roadway surrounding rock, including a base plate seat, a grouting port opened on the base plate seat, a support component installed on the base plate seat, a stabilizing component installed on the support component, a first mounting seat bolted to the outside of the base plate seat, a first rotating block rotatably connected to the first mounting seat, a fixing sleeve fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating block, a screw threadedly connected to the fixing sleeve, and an insert cone fixedly connected to the end of the screw away from the fixing sleeve. The support component is used to support the inner wall of the roadway, the grouting port is used to grout the inside of the base plate seat, and the screw is rotated to insert the insert cone into the soil.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, two sets of the first mounting base, the first rotating block, the fixing sleeve, the screw, and the insert cone are provided, and the two sets of the first mounting base, the first rotating block, the fixing sleeve, the screw, and the insert cone are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base plate.

[0007] Based on the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, several groups of grouting ports are provided, and these groups of grouting ports are sequentially distributed on one side of the base plate.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the fixing sleeve has a threaded groove at the corresponding position of the screw, and the screw is threadedly connected to the threaded groove of the fixing sleeve.

[0009] According to the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the support assembly includes a rod installed on the base plate, a support body fixedly connected to the top of the rod, and a reinforcing rib fixedly connected inside the support body. The stabilizing component is used to support the support body.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the base plate seat has an insertion port at the corresponding position of the support body, and the insertion rod is installed at the insertion port of the base plate seat.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the base plate seat has an installation groove at the corresponding position of the support body, and the support body is installed in the installation groove of the base plate seat.

[0012] Based on the preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the stabilizing component includes a second mounting base bolted to the outside of the support body, a second rotating block rotatably connected to the second mounting base, a rotating sleeve rotatably connected to the second rotating block, a rotating disk fixedly connected to one end of the rotating sleeve, an anti-slip sleeve fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, a third mounting base bolted to the base plate, a third rotating block rotatably connected to the third mounting base, and a threaded rod fixedly connected to one end of the third rotating block. The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the second rotating block, and the rotating sleeve is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. Grouting can be conveniently performed on the inner cavity of the base plate through the grouting port, effectively filling the internal gaps of the base plate and strengthening the overall structure. This significantly improves the overall load-bearing capacity of the base plate and allows for resource recycling through the inclusion of recycled aggregates (such as waste debris from tunnel construction) in the grouting material, fully ensuring the recyclability of the base plate structure. Furthermore, by rotating the screw connected to the fixing sleeve of the first rotating block on the first mounting seat on the outer side of the base plate, the insertion cone at one end of the screw can be precisely driven into the soil surrounding the tunnel, forming a stable anchor support. This greatly enhances the connection stability between the base plate and the surrounding rock of the tunnel, thereby significantly improving the overall support capacity of the base plate and effectively resisting external forces such as mine pressure disturbance and upper loads, thus improving the structural load-bearing capacity.

[0015] 2. By inserting rods, the support body can be firmly installed on the base plate, ensuring a tight connection between the support body and the base plate. When grouting is performed on the inner cavity of the base plate, the support body and the base plate become one, preventing displacement of the support body under stress. The support body directly contacts the inner wall of the roadway, bearing and dispersing the pressure of the surrounding rock on the inner wall, reducing the squeezing effect of inner wall deformation on the base plate. By fixing and connecting reinforcing ribs inside the support body, the structural strength and bending resistance of the support body can be significantly improved, preventing the support body from breaking or deforming due to excessive pressure, and ensuring the coordinated stability of the inner wall and base plate structure of the roadway. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the high-strength self-supporting regenerable bottom plate structure for roadway surrounding rock according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the base plate of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the screw structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support component structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stabilizing component structure of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 21. Grouting port; 22. First mounting base; 23. First rotating block; 24. Fixing sleeve; 25. Screw; 26. Insert cone; 31. Insert rod; 32. Support body; 33. Reinforcing rib; 34. Second mounting base; 35. Second rotating block; 36. Rotating sleeve; 37. Rotating disk; 38. Third mounting base; 39. Third rotating block; 310. Threaded rod; 311. Anti-slip sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Implementable methods already discovered in this field:

[0024] Coal, as a core pillar of my country's energy structure, plays a crucial role in ensuring national energy security and supporting industrial production and people's livelihood needs. Coal mining depth has increased significantly. According to the "China Coal Industry Development Report," the average mining depth of key coal mines in my country has exceeded 800 meters in recent years, with some older mines in North and East China reaching 1200-1500 meters, entering the "deep mining era." With increasing mining depth, the underground mining environment exhibits the characteristics of "high stress, high water pressure, and high temperature," characterized by "three highs and one disturbance." The original rock stress in deep rock masses increases linearly with burial depth (2-3 MPa per 100 meters), and the redistribution of surrounding rock stress after tunnel excavation creates high... Stress concentration zones, repeated mining of multiple coal seams, and overlapping goaf areas exacerbate the damage to the surrounding rock and the development of fissures. At the same time, even if the shallow parts of the deep rock mass are hard (such as sandstone and limestone), the strength will decrease and the plastic deformation will intensify under high stress and long-term creep, creating hidden dangers for support. In addition, in order to improve efficiency and adapt to large fully mechanized mining equipment, modern coal mines are constantly expanding the cross-section of roadways. Traditional small and medium cross-sections (<10㎡) are being replaced by large cross-sections (10-20㎡) and extra-large cross-sections (>20㎡). Some main transport roadways and return air roadways have cross-sections of 30-40㎡. Large cross-section excavation changes the stress boundary of the surrounding rock, expands the bearing area of ​​the floor and the stress distribution range, and further aggravates the risk of floor deformation.

[0025] In the context of "deeper, more complex, and larger cross-section" mining, floor heave (the upward bulging, cracking, and fracturing of the surrounding rock under stress) has become a core hazard restricting safe production in coal mines. Floor heave of 100-300mm obstructs the operation of mine cars and belt conveyors, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning. Heave exceeding 300mm squeezes the sidewalls and roof support structures, leading to anchor bolt and cable failure, and even causing roof collapses and sidewall spalling accidents. According to incomplete statistics, floor heave accounts for 30%-40% of total downtime in deep coal mines in my country, with annual maintenance costs... The economic losses exceeded 5 billion yuan, resulting in huge economic losses. From a mechanical mechanism and influencing factors perspective, floor heave can be categorized into four types: stress-dominated floor heave is a common type in deep mines. Tunnel excavation causes the floor rock mass to change from triaxial stress to biaxial / uniaxial stress. Under the action of horizontal and vertical stresses, a tensile stress zone forms in the middle, and a shear stress zone forms on both sides. When the stress exceeds the rock mass strength, plastic yielding occurs, resulting in a "bulge-like" deformation. In mines with a burial depth of over 1000m, the horizontal stress is often 1.5-2.5 times the vertical stress, and the floor heave rate reaches 5-10 mm / d, rapidly reducing the tunnel cross-section; water... The first type of floor heave is caused by high water pressure at depth. Groundwater (fissure water, pore water, and old workings water) seeps into the floor, softening weak rock layers (mudstone, shale, etc.), reducing the friction angle and cohesion of the rock mass (e.g., mudstone strength decreases by 50%-70% when exposed to water). Furthermore, clay minerals (montmorillonite, illite) expand upon contact with water (volume increases by 10%-30%), generating expansion pressure. This process is gradual and recurring, and prone to recurrence after waterproofing failure. The second type of floor heave, controlled by structural planes, originates from deep rock masses that have developed numerous joints, fissures, and faults through geological tectonic movements, cutting the rock mass into discontinuous blocks during tunnel excavation. The subsequent block slides and rotates along the structural plane, causing the floor to rise in a stepped or wedge shape. The sliding is more obvious when the structural plane is at an angle of 30°-60° to the floor level, with a floor heave of 200-500 mm, which is difficult to control with conventional support. Mining-induced floor heave occurs in the mining of multiple coal seams or close-range coal seams. The advanced and lagging support pressure generated by the mining of adjacent working faces is superimposed on the floor, and the super-original stress causes the already stable floor to deform again. In addition, the rock strata movement caused by the collapse of the roof in the goaf is transmitted to the floor, which aggravates plastic deformation and forms a cycle of "mining-floor heave-re-mining-re-floor heave".

[0026] Unreinforced original surrounding rock floor slabs essentially utilize the exposed original rock mass after tunnel excavation as the bearing layer, without artificial reinforcement. They rely on the inherent physical and mechanical strength (compressive and shear strength) of the original surrounding rock to resist upper loads and surrounding rock stress. This approach is suitable for shallow (depth < 500m) tunnels with hard rock (quartz sandstone, granite, compressive strength > 60MPa), no obvious cracks or water seepage, and small to medium cross-section tunnels (auxiliary transport tunnels, return air tunnels) with minimal mining disturbance. In practical applications, simple surface cleaning (removing loose rock and leveling) is sufficient for basic passage requirements. For example, in some shallow coal mines in Northwest my country, the original surrounding rock floor slabs of hard sandstone tunnels have a service life of 3-5 years with minimal maintenance. However, as coal mines expand to deeper and larger cross-sections, the limitations of this technology become apparent: weak bearing capacity, easy creep of deep rock masses under long-term high stress, and lack of reinforcement. The designed floor slab is prone to stress concentration and floor heave and cracking. For example, in a soft rock tunnel at a depth of 1000m, the floor heave can reach 200-400mm within a month, blocking the space below. It has poor water resistance. Rock fissures are not sealed, and groundwater seeps into the softened and weak rock layers. The floor slab containing mudstone interlayers disintegrates and "mudizes" when exposed to water, exacerbating the floor heave and causing mine cars to get stuck and equipment to be damaged. It has poor integrity. The floor slab of large cross-section tunnels has a large span. Excavation disturbance damages the integrity of the rock mass, and it is prone to local collapse and depression under load. For example, in a 20㎡ main transport tunnel, long-term rolling of the belt conveyor has caused longitudinal cracks of 50-100mm in the floor slab, and segmental heave affects operation. The maintenance cost is high and the service life is short. The floor slab is prone to deformation and damage, requiring frequent repairs (cleaning up the heave gangue and laying temporary steel plates). Data from a coal mine shows that deep tunnels require large-scale maintenance on average once every 3 months, with a single cost of over 100,000 yuan and a 2-3 day shutdown. The overall cost exceeds expectations.

[0027] To compensate for the inadequacy of the original surrounding rock floor, the industry adopts a simple plain concrete floor slab technique. This involves pouring a 100-200mm thick layer of plain concrete (strength grade C15-C25) onto the surface of the roadway floor to create an artificial load-bearing layer. The concrete's compressive strength (C25 concrete's 28-day compressive strength ≥25MPa) resists equipment crushing and localized stress, while simultaneously sealing surface cracks in the rock mass to reduce groundwater infiltration. This technique has been widely used since the 1990s, and is particularly suitable for shallow, large-section roadways (such as mining area substations and water...). In pump rooms, such as 600m deep, 15m² mining area roadways, after pouring C20 plain concrete base slabs, surface smoothness is improved, equipment passage efficiency is increased by 20%, and initial bottom heave is controlled within 50mm. However, in deep, high-stress, soft rock, and high-water-pressure environments, significant defects emerge: poor crack resistance, the tensile strength of plain concrete is only 1 / 10-1 / 15 of its compressive strength, and transverse and longitudinal cracks are prone to appear under deep stress concentration. For example, in a 1000m deep soft rock roadway, two cracks appeared within 1-2 months after pouring the C25 plain concrete base slab. -5mm penetrating cracks, after expansion, spalling and fragmentation lead to loss of load-bearing capacity; poor bonding with the surrounding rock, relying solely on concrete adhesion, easily leading to interface slippage and "hollowing" under bottom heave force, causing the entire concrete layer to bulge and fail to transmit force; monitoring in a coal mine showed slippage reaching 30-50mm, directly causing cracking and failure; lacking self-bearing capacity, entirely dependent on the concrete's own strength, unable to actively balance surrounding rock stress, passively bearing pressure during large deformations in deep rock masses, failing upon exceeding ultimate strength, requiring extensive bottom slab anchor bolts and cables for reinforcement, increasing construction complexity and cost; The mining process is wasteful, as raw materials (natural sand and gravel, cement) need to be transported from the surface to the mine. The transportation distance for deep mines exceeds 5km, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, natural sand and gravel are non-renewable, and mining damages the ecosystem. Waste concrete blocks are difficult to recycle, and they are either piled up underground or transported to the surface for disposal, polluting the environment and contradicting the concept of "green mining." The construction cycle is also long, requiring formwork, pouring, and curing, with a curing period of 7-14 days (even longer in the humid underground environment). In deep, high-yield, and efficient mines, tunneling and support are carried out simultaneously, and the long cycle restricts the mining progress, affecting the production and economic benefits of the working face.

[0028] Please see Figure 1-5This utility model provides an embodiment of a high-strength self-supporting regenerable base plate structure for roadway surrounding rock, including a base plate seat 1, a grouting port 21 opened on the base plate seat 1, a support assembly installed on the base plate seat 1, a stabilizing assembly installed on the support assembly, a first mounting seat 22 bolted to the outside of the base plate seat 1, a first rotating block 23 rotatably connected to the first mounting seat 22, a fixing sleeve 24 fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating block 23, a screw 25 threadedly connected to the fixing sleeve 24, and an insertion cone 26 fixedly connected to the end of the screw 25 away from the fixing sleeve 24. The support assembly is used to support the inner wall of the roadway, the grouting port 21 is used to grout the inside of the base plate seat 1, and the insertion cone 26 is inserted into the soil by rotating the screw 25. The grouting port 21 facilitates the insertion of the insertion cone 26 into the soil. By grouting the inner cavity of the base plate 1, the internal gaps of the base plate 1 can be effectively filled and the overall structure can be strengthened. This not only significantly improves the overall load-bearing capacity of the base plate 1, but also enables resource recycling through the recycled aggregates (such as waste debris from tunnel construction) that may be incorporated into the grouting material, thus fully ensuring the recyclability of the base plate structure. Furthermore, by rotating the screw 25 of the fixing sleeve 24 connected to the first rotating block 23 on the first mounting seat 22 on the outer side of the base plate 1 in sequence, the insertion cone 26 at one end of the screw 25 can be precisely driven into the soil around the tunnel, forming a stable anchor support. This greatly enhances the connection stability between the base plate 1 and the surrounding rock of the tunnel, thereby significantly improving the overall support capacity of the base plate 1, effectively resisting the external forces brought by mine pressure disturbance and upper loads, and improving the structural load-bearing capacity.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: two sets of the first mounting base 22, the first rotating block 23, the fixing sleeve 24, the screw 25, and the cone 26 are provided. The two sets of the first mounting base 22, the first rotating block 23, the fixing sleeve 24, the screw 25, and the cone 26 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base plate 1. By setting the first mounting base 22, the first rotating block 23, the fixing sleeve 24, the screw 25, and the cone 26 as two sets and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base plate 1, anchoring support can be formed simultaneously from both ends of the base plate 1, making the anchoring force on the base plate 1 more balanced, avoiding the force displacement of the base plate 1 due to unilateral anchoring, further improving the stability of the connection between the base plate 1 and the surrounding soil. At the same time, unilateral anchoring can disperse the upper load and mining pressure borne by the base plate 1, reducing the risk of cracking or deformation of the base plate 1 due to excessive local stress.

[0030] Please see Figure 1A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: several groups of grouting ports 21 are provided, and these groups of grouting ports 21 are sequentially distributed on one side of the base plate 1. By providing several groups of grouting ports 21 sequentially distributed on one side of the base plate 1, multi-point and uniform grouting can be achieved inside the base plate 1, avoiding uneven grout distribution caused by a single grouting port 21, resulting in local incomplete filling or insufficient density. Multi-point grouting allows the grout to more fully fill the gaps and cavities inside the base plate 1, further improving the overall structural strength and load-bearing uniformity of the base plate 1. At the same time, multiple grouting ports 21 can improve grouting efficiency, shorten construction time, and if local reinforcement is required in the future, targeted grouting can be carried out through the corresponding grouting ports 21, enhancing the convenience of structural maintenance.

[0031] Please see Figure 3 A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: the fixing sleeve 24 has a threaded groove at the corresponding position of the screw 25, and the screw 25 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove of the fixing sleeve 24. By opening the threaded groove at the position of the fixing sleeve 24 corresponding to the screw 25, the screw 25 and the fixing sleeve 24 form a threaded connection. The threaded structure can convert the rotation of the screw 25 into axial movement along the threaded groove, so as to achieve precise control of the insertion depth of the cone 26 into the soil, avoiding insufficient anchoring force due to shallow insertion of the cone 26, or low construction efficiency due to deep insertion. At the same time, the threaded connection has good self-locking properties, which can effectively prevent the screw 25 from loosening on its own due to external vibration or mining pressure disturbance after the cone 26 is inserted into the soil, ensuring the long-term stability of the anchoring of the cone 26, thereby maintaining the support effect of the base plate 1.

[0032] Please see Figure 4 A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: the support assembly includes a rod 31 installed on the base plate 1, a support body 32 fixedly connected to the top of the rod 31, and a reinforcing rib 33 fixedly connected inside the support body 32. The stabilizing assembly is used to support the support body 32. Through the rod 31 in the support assembly, the support body 32 can be firmly installed on the base plate 1, ensuring a tight connection between the support body 32 and the base plate 1. Furthermore, when grouting is performed on the inner cavity of the base plate 1, the support body 32 and the base plate 1 become an integral unit, preventing the support body 32 from shifting under stress. The main body 32 is in direct contact with the inner wall of the roadway, bearing and dispersing the pressure of the surrounding rock on the inner wall, reducing the squeezing effect of the inner wall deformation on the floor seat 1; by fixing and connecting the reinforcing ribs 33 inside the support body 32, the structural strength and bending resistance of the support body 32 can be significantly improved, avoiding the support body 32 from breaking or deforming due to excessive pressure. At the same time, in conjunction with the stabilizing components to support the support body 32, the overall support effect of the support components is further enhanced, ensuring the coordinated stability of the inner wall and floor structure of the roadway.

[0033] Please see Figure 4A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: the base plate 1 has a slot at the corresponding position of the support body 32, and the insertion rod 31 is installed at the slot of the base plate 1. By opening the slot at the position of the base plate 1 corresponding to the support body 32, the insertion rod 31 of the support component can be accurately installed in the slot. The slot plays a positioning and constraint role for the insertion rod 31, preventing the insertion rod 31 from shifting during installation, and ensuring that the support body 32 can accurately correspond to the support position of the inner wall of the roadway. The cooperation between the insertion rod 31 and the slot can enhance the connection stability between the support component and the base plate 1, prevent the support body 32 from undergoing lateral or longitudinal displacement when subjected to surrounding rock pressure, thereby ensuring the reliability of the support component in supporting the inner wall of the roadway and reducing the risk of support failure caused by the displacement of the support body 32.

[0034] Please see Figure 4 A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: the base plate 1 has an installation groove at the corresponding position of the support body 32, and the support body 32 is installed in the installation groove of the base plate 1. By opening the installation groove at the position of the base plate 1 corresponding to the support body 32, the support body 32 can be embedded in the installation groove. The installation groove not only provides a more stable installation foundation for the support body 32, but also limits the periphery of the support body 32, reducing the shaking of the support body 32 when under force. The close fit between the support body 32 and the installation groove can increase the contact area between the two, so that the pressure borne by the support body 32 can be transmitted to the base plate 1 more evenly, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause damage to the base plate 1 or the support body 32. At the same time, this embedded installation method can make the support component and the base plate 1 form a tighter whole, improving the overall load-bearing capacity of the base plate structure.

[0035] Please see Figure 5A further solution based on this embodiment is as follows: The stabilizing component includes a second mounting base 34 bolted to the outside of the support body 32, a second rotating block 35 rotatably connected to the second mounting base 34, a rotating sleeve 36 rotatably connected to the second rotating block 35, a rotating disk 37 fixedly connected to one end of the rotating sleeve 36, an anti-slip sleeve 311 fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve 36, a third mounting base 38 bolted to the base plate 1, a third rotating block 39 rotatably connected to the third mounting base 38, and a threaded rod 310 fixedly connected to one end of the third rotating block 39. The rotating disk 37 is rotatably connected to the second rotating block 35, and the rotating sleeve 36 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 310. The stabilizing component is securely connected to the support body 32 via the second mounting base 34, cooperating with the second rotating block 35. The rotating characteristics allow for flexible adjustment of the angle of the rotating sleeve 36, enabling precise engagement between the rotating sleeve 36 and the threaded rod 310 on the third rotating block 39. The rotating disk 37 facilitates operator rotation of the rotating sleeve 36, while the anti-slip sleeve 311 increases friction between the hand and the rotating sleeve 36, preventing slippage and improving operational convenience. The cooperation between the third mounting base 38 and the third rotating block 39 allows adjustment of the angle of the threaded rod 310, ensuring a smooth connection with the rotating sleeve 36. Furthermore, the threaded connection between the rotating sleeve 36 and the threaded rod 310 allows adjustment of the overall length of the stabilizing component, thereby providing precise and reliable support for the support body 32. This offsets some of the pressure borne by the support body 32, preventing deformation due to excessive force and further enhancing the stability of the support component and the entire base plate structure.

[0036] Working principle: First, the support body 32 with reinforcing ribs 33 in the support assembly is installed into the pre-set socket of the base plate 1 through the insertion rod 31. At the same time, the support body 32 is embedded into the installation groove of the base plate 1. The positioning constraint of the insertion and the limiting effect of the installation groove ensure that the support body 32 and the base plate 1 are tightly connected and accurately positioned, laying the foundation for subsequent support. Then, through several sets of grouting ports 21 distributed on one side of the base plate 1, high-strength grout containing recycled aggregate is injected into the inner cavity of the base plate 1 to fully fill the internal gaps, so that the base plate 1 itself forms a dense structure. At the same time, the grout combines with the insertion rod 31 and the support body 32 of the support assembly, making the two a stable whole, which greatly improves the load-bearing capacity and recycling effect of the base plate 1. Then, the anchoring structure on both sides is activated. First, the first rotating block 23 and the fixing sleeve 24 are installed on the outside of the base plate 1 through the first mounting seat 22. The angle of the first rotating block 23 is adjusted so that the fixing sleeve 24 is aligned with the surrounding land of the roadway, and then the first rotating block 23 is installed on the outside of the base plate 1. The screw 25, connected to the threaded groove of the fixed sleeve 24, drives the cone 26 at the end of the screw 25 to penetrate into the ground. Two sets of symmetrically distributed anchoring components work synchronously to provide balanced anchoring force to the base plate 1 from both sides, enhancing its connection stability with the surrounding rock. Finally, the stabilizing components are assembled. The second rotating block 35 and rotating sleeve 36 are installed on the outside of the support body 32 through the second mounting seat 34. The third rotating block 39 and threaded rod 310 are installed on the base plate 1 through the third mounting seat 38. The angle of the second rotating block 35 and the third rotating block 39 is adjusted so that the rotating sleeve 36 and the threaded rod 310 are connected. The operator holds the anti-slip sleeve 311 on the rotating sleeve 36 and rotates the rotating sleeve 36 through the rotating disk 37. The length of the stabilizing components is adjusted by the threaded connection to form precise support for the support body 32. Together with the support body 32, it supports the inner wall of the roadway, offsets the pressure of the surrounding rock, and finally makes the entire base plate structure have high self-bearing capacity, effectively resisting mine pressure disturbance and upper load.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-strength self-supporting regenerable base plate structure for roadway surrounding rock, comprising a base plate seat (1), characterized in that: It also includes a grouting port (21) opened on the base plate (1), a support assembly installed on the base plate (1), a stabilizing assembly installed on the support assembly, a first mounting seat (22) installed on the outside of the base plate (1) by bolts, a first rotating block (23) rotatably connected to the first mounting seat (22), a fixing sleeve (24) fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating block (23), a screw (25) threadedly connected to the fixing sleeve (24), and an insert cone (26) fixedly connected to the end of the screw (25) away from the fixing sleeve (24). The support assembly is used to support the inner wall of the tunnel, the grouting port (21) is used to grout the inside of the base plate (1), and the screw (25) is used to insert the insert cone (26) into the soil by rotating the screw (25).

2. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mounting base (22), the first rotating block (23), the fixing sleeve (24), the screw (25) and the insert cone (26) are all provided in two sets. The two sets of the first mounting base (22), the first rotating block (23), the fixing sleeve (24), the screw (25) and the insert cone (26) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base plate (1).

3. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several groups of grouting ports (21) are provided, and the groups of grouting ports (21) are distributed sequentially on one side of the base plate (1).

4. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (24) has a threaded groove at the corresponding position of the screw (25), and the screw (25) is threadedly connected to the threaded groove of the fixing sleeve (24).

5. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a rod (31) mounted on the base plate (1), a support body (32) fixedly connected to the top of the rod (31), and a reinforcing rib (33) fixedly connected inside the support body (32). The stabilizing assembly is used to support the support body (32).

6. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base plate (1) has a slot at the corresponding position of the support body (32), and the insertion rod (31) is installed at the slot of the base plate (1).

7. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base plate (1) has an installation groove at the corresponding position of the support body (32), and the support body (32) is installed in the installation groove of the base plate (1).

8. The high-strength self-supporting regenerable floor slab structure for roadway surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizing assembly includes a second mounting base (34) bolted to the outside of the support body (32), a second rotating block (35) rotatably connected to the second mounting base (34), a rotating sleeve (36) rotatably connected to the second rotating block (35), a rotating disk (37) fixedly connected to one end of the rotating sleeve (36), an anti-slip sleeve (311) fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve (36), a third mounting base (38) bolted to the base plate (1), a third rotating block (39) rotatably connected to the third mounting base (38), and a threaded rod (310) fixedly connected to one end of the third rotating block (39). The rotating disk (37) is rotatably connected to the second rotating block (35), and the rotating sleeve (36) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (310).

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