Column type gob-side entry retaining constant resistance pressure-relief device for goaf floor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of constant-resistance pressure-relief devices of column type gob-side entry retaining goaf floor, including goaf pressure-relief groove and the constant-resistance pressure-relief assembly being set in goaf pressure-relief groove;Goaf pressure-relief groove is set on the floor of one side of column type gob-side entry retaining goaf, and goaf pressure-relief groove is arranged along the extension strike of roadway;Constant-resistance pressure-relief assembly includes U-shaped protection groove formwork and hydraulic cylinder;U-shaped protection groove formwork is U-shaped section structure as a whole, the size of the shape of U-shaped protection groove formwork and the groove size of goaf pressure-relief groove cooperation, and U-shaped protection groove formwork is fixedly set in goaf pressure-relief groove;The cylinder body end and piston end of hydraulic cylinder are respectively positioned and abut on the two sides of U-shaped protection groove formwork vertical plate, and overflow valve with valve core end and the large cavity of hydraulic cylinder communication is equipped on hydraulic cylinder. The utility model can realize the automatic regulation and control of floor stress, and then effectively prevent bottom heave deformation, guarantee the long-term stability and safety of roadway structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a pressure relief device for coal mines, specifically a constant resistance pressure relief device for the floor of a goaf area in a column-type goaf-retention roadway, belonging to the field of coal mine safety technology. Background Technology

[0002] Pillar-type goaf-side roadway retention is a widely used, coal-saving, and efficient roadway layout and support method in coal and rock mining. This technology, by leaving a roadway on one side of the goaf, allows for the coexistence of the working face and the roadway, effectively saving coal pillars, improving resource recovery rates, and reducing repeated tunneling. However, in pillar-type goaf-side roadway retention structures, as the goaf expands, the surrounding rock on both sides of the roadway experiences significantly increased mining-induced stress disturbance, and the floor area often bears strong horizontal compressive forces from the supporting pillars and surrounding rock on both sides. As a result, the floor rock mass is highly susceptible to "floor heave" deformation, i.e., floor bulging and arching, accompanied by crack expansion, structural delamination, and even local collapse. In severe cases, it can cause roadway floor bulging, track twisting, and equipment subsidence, seriously threatening the long-term stability of the roadway and safe mine production.

[0003] Regarding the issue of horizontal extrusion pressure release on the floor slab of roadways with goaf entry, traditional roadway floor pressure relief technologies have significant shortcomings in terms of construction safety, stress response flexibility, and information-based monitoring. Traditional methods often involve creating pressure relief grooves along the floor slab direction on the inner side of the roadway, or using methods such as artificial pre-splitting, compartmentalized pressure relief, and sawing to weaken the pressure, in order to achieve pressure relief by cutting off the stress transmission path. This traditional method of floor pressure relief along the goaf has the following main drawbacks: First, the pressure relief groove is located directly inside the main roadway, which weakens the overall bearing capacity of the floor, leading to a decrease in the structural stiffness of the roadway and an increase in the risk of local collapse. Second, the depth and position of the pressure relief groove are usually fixed once before construction and cannot be adjusted in real time according to the subsequent mining stress and surrounding rock deformation, resulting in a significant lag in the pressure relief response. Third, traditional pressure relief measures are mostly passive structures, lacking a real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism for changes in floor pressure, and cannot achieve automatic response and early warning when the stress exceeds the limit. Fourth, traditional rigid pressure relief components are prone to structural fatigue or rigid failure under long-term mining and cyclic loads, forming new stress concentration areas and inducing secondary damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a column-type constant resistance pressure relief device for the floor slab of a goaf-retaining roadway, which can realize automatic regulation of floor slab stress, thereby effectively preventing floor heave deformation and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the roadway structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this column-type goaf-side roadway constant resistance pressure relief device for the goaf floor includes a goaf pressure relief groove and a constant resistance pressure relief component installed in the goaf pressure relief groove. The goaf relief trough is set on the bottom plate on one side of the goaf in the column-type goaf-retention roadway, and the goaf relief trough is arranged along the extension direction of the roadway. The constant resistance pressure relief assembly includes a U-shaped guardrail template and a hydraulic cylinder. The U-shaped guardrail template has a U-shaped cross-section structure. The external dimensions of the U-shaped guardrail template match the dimensions of the goaf pressure relief trench, and the U-shaped guardrail template is fixedly installed inside the goaf pressure relief trench. The cylinder end and piston end of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively positioned and abutted against the two side uprights of the U-shaped guardrail template. The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with an overflow valve whose valve core end is connected to the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the column-type goaf-retaining constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf also includes a monitoring component. The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor installed on the top end face of the cylinder body and / or piston end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the monitoring component also includes a column tilt sensor, which is installed on the steel pipe concrete column of the roadway and is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the overflow valve is an automatic pressure regulating overflow valve that can automatically adjust the overflow pressure, and the automatic pressure regulating overflow valve is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the overflow end of the overflow valve is connected to the small cavity of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the inner surfaces of the upright plates on both sides of the U-shaped protective groove template are provided with positioning and installation bosses, or positioning and installation grooves, or guide installation slides.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the U-shaped protective groove template is made of high-strength steel plate, corrosion-resistant alloy, or steel fiber reinforced concrete.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the use of this pillar-type constant resistance pressure relief device for the floor of the goaf in the goaf has the following advantages and positive effects: 1. Significantly improves the pressure relief effect of the floor: By setting pressure relief grooves on the goaf side and cooperating with U-shaped protective groove templates and constant resistance cross bracing structures, the horizontal extrusion pressure of the floor can be released in stages and constant resistance can be controlled, effectively alleviating the floor heave deformation and stress concentration of the roadway floor and ensuring the long-term stability of the roadway floor.

[0013] 2. Avoid weakening the main roadway structure: The pressure relief groove is arranged on one side of the goaf, which not only avoids damage to the roadway's load-bearing structure, but also keeps the pressure relief operation area away from the main support system, thereby improving the overall safety factor and structural integrity of the roadway.

[0014] 3. Achieve constant resistance pressure relief and automatic response: The constant resistance cross brace adopts a hydraulic structure, which can automatically slide or release after the extrusion pressure reaches the set critical value, realizing the constant resistance pressure relief function when the stress exceeds the limit, and avoiding secondary damage caused by rigid support.

[0015] 4. Intelligent monitoring and dynamic adjustment capabilities: Sensor monitoring modules are installed on both the cross braces and the columns to monitor the floor pressure and column tilt angle in real time. When the safety threshold is exceeded, the system automatically adjusts the resistance of the cross braces or triggers pressure relief, forming an active monitoring-control response system, which greatly improves the intelligence level and safety early warning capability of roadway support.

[0016] 5. Reasonable structure and convenient construction: The U-shaped support template and constant resistance cross brace are prefabricated and easy to install. They can be deployed at one time during the roadway support construction stage without complicated on-site processing. The overall structure is compact, the parts are highly interchangeable, and maintenance is simple. It is suitable for application in roadway retention projects with different geological conditions and stress environments.

[0017] 6. Extend the service life of roadways and improve economic efficiency: Through dynamic depressurization and intelligent monitoring, the floor plate remains stable for a long time, reducing the number of maintenance and repairs and extending the service life of roadways; at the same time, it saves on trenching and repair costs and improves the efficiency of mine recovery, which has significant economic and engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the constant resistance pressure relief component of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. U-shaped protective groove template, 2. Hydraulic cylinder, 3. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this column-type goaf-side roadway constant resistance pressure relief device includes a goaf pressure relief groove and a constant resistance pressure relief component installed in the goaf pressure relief groove.

[0022] The goaf relief groove is installed on the floor slab on one side of the goaf in a column-type goaf-side roadway, extending along the roadway's direction. The depth and width of the groove are determined based on the formation stress conditions; the depth is typically 600–1000 mm, and the width is generally 300–600 mm. The groove forms a pressure relief channel. The goaf relief groove weakens the overall rigidity of the goaf-side floor slab, allowing horizontal stress concentration areas to be released and providing installation space for constant-resistance pressure relief components. Placing the goaf relief groove on one side avoids damage to the main roadway structure, effectively improving the safety and stability of pressure relief.

[0023] The constant resistance pressure relief assembly includes a U-shaped retaining template 1 and a hydraulic cylinder 2. The U-shaped retaining template 1 has a U-shaped cross-section structure, and its external dimensions match the dimensions of the goaf pressure relief trench. The U-shaped retaining template 1 is fixedly installed inside the goaf pressure relief trench. The two side uprights of the U-shaped retaining template 1 are attached to the trench wall, and the bottom plate supports the trench bottom. The U-shaped retaining template 1 can be made of high-strength steel plate, corrosion-resistant alloy, or steel fiber reinforced concrete, and has good compressive strength and deformation resistance, which can prevent the trench wall of the goaf pressure relief trench from collapsing and peeling. The hydraulic cylinder 2... The cylinder end and piston end are respectively positioned and abutted against the two upright plates of the U-shaped protective groove template 1. The hydraulic cylinder 2 is equipped with an overflow valve. The overflow valve can be connected to the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2 independently (i.e., the valve core end of the overflow valve is connected to the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the overflow end of the overflow valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank). The overflow valve can also be set between the large cavity and the small cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2 (i.e., the valve core end of the overflow valve is connected to the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the overflow end of the overflow valve is connected to the small cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2). The initial supporting force of the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the overflow pressure of the overflow valve.

[0024] The constant resistance pressure relief components can be arranged in multiple groups along the direction of the pressure relief groove in the goaf. The large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is filled with hydraulic oil that can guarantee the initial support force. When the extrusion force applied to the hydraulic cylinder 2 in the axial direction exceeds the set overflow pressure critical value of the overflow valve, the hydraulic oil in the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be discharged from the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the overflow valve to achieve constant resistance pressure relief.

[0025] To achieve real-time monitoring, as a further improvement of this utility model, the constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf in the column-type goaf-retention roadway also includes a monitoring component. The monitoring component includes a pressure sensor 3 installed on the top end face of the cylinder body end and / or piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The pressure sensor 3 is electrically connected to a monitoring system that can be located on the ground via wired or wireless means. The monitoring system can acquire and monitor the magnitude of the extrusion force acting on the hydraulic cylinder 2 in the axial direction in real time.

[0026] To further improve safety, as a further improvement of this utility model, the monitoring component also includes a column tilt sensor. The column tilt sensor is installed on the steel-concrete column of the tunnel, and the column tilt sensor is electrically connected to a monitoring system that can be located on the ground via wired or wireless means. The monitoring system can acquire and monitor the tilt angle of the steel-concrete column of the tunnel in real time. When the tilt angle exceeds the critical threshold, the monitoring system can issue an alarm signal.

[0027] To enable the monitoring system to automatically adjust the initial support force of hydraulic cylinder 2 and prevent secondary stress concentration caused by the tilt of the steel-concrete composite column in the tunnel, as a further improvement of this utility model, an automatic pressure regulating overflow valve is used. This valve is electrically connected to the monitoring system. The automatic pressure regulating overflow valve is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. When the monitoring system detects that the tilt angle of the steel-concrete composite column in the tunnel exceeds a critical threshold, it can issue an alarm signal and simultaneously control the automatic pressure regulating overflow valve to automatically adjust the initial support force of hydraulic cylinder 2. This prevents secondary stress concentration caused by the tilt of the steel-concrete composite column, thereby dynamically controlling the horizontal stress distribution of the floor slab and preventing floor heave deformation.

[0028] To facilitate the positioning and installation of the hydraulic cylinder 2 within the U-shaped protective groove template 1, as a further improvement of this utility model, the inner surfaces of the upright plates on both sides of the U-shaped protective groove template 1 are provided with positioning and installation bosses, positioning and installation grooves, or guide installation slides for positioning and installing the hydraulic cylinder 2.

Claims

1. A column-type constant resistance pressure relief device for the floor of a goaf-retaining roadway, characterized in that, This includes a goaf relief trough and a constant resistance relief assembly installed within the goaf relief trough. The goaf relief trough is set on the bottom plate on one side of the goaf in the column-type goaf-retention roadway, and the goaf relief trough is arranged along the extension direction of the roadway. The constant resistance pressure relief assembly includes a U-shaped guardrail template (1) and a hydraulic cylinder (2); the U-shaped guardrail template (1) is a U-shaped cross-section structure, the external dimensions of the U-shaped guardrail template (1) are matched with the dimensions of the goaf pressure relief groove, and the U-shaped guardrail template (1) is fixedly installed in the goaf pressure relief groove; the cylinder end and piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (2) are respectively positioned and abutted against the two side uprights of the U-shaped guardrail template (1), and the hydraulic cylinder (2) is provided with an overflow valve whose valve core end is connected to the large cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (2).

2. The pillar-type goaf-side roadway constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column-type goaf-retaining constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf also includes a monitoring component, which includes a pressure sensor (3) installed on the top end face of the cylinder body end and / or piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (2), and the pressure sensor (3) is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

3. The pillar-type goaf-side roadway constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf area according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring components also include a column tilt sensor, which is installed on the steel-concrete column of the tunnel and is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

4. The pillar-type goaf-side roadway constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The relief valve is an automatic pressure regulating relief valve that can automatically adjust the relief pressure, and the automatic pressure regulating relief valve is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

5. The pillar-type goaf-side roadway retaining constant resistance pressure relief device for the bottom plate of the goaf area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The overflow end of the overflow valve is connected to the small cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (2).

6. The pillar-type goaf-side roadway retaining constant resistance pressure relief device for the floor of the goaf area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The U-shaped protective groove template (1) has a positioning and installation boss, or a positioning and installation groove, or a guide installation groove on the inner surface of the two side uprights.

7. The pillar-type goaf-side roadway retaining constant resistance pressure relief device for the floor of the goaf area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The U-shaped trough template (1) is made of high-strength steel plate, corrosion-resistant alloy, or steel fiber reinforced concrete.

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