A deep underground energy storage cavern monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the deep underground space energy storage engineering technical field, concretely relates to a kind of deep underground energy storage rock chamber monitoring system, including several concrete lining monitoring units, the concrete lining monitoring unit includes joint sensor, first deformation sensor and concrete stress sensor;The joint sensor, the first deformation sensor and the concrete stress sensor are all set in the concrete lining of rock chamber, and are respectively used to monitor the crack, deformation and reinforcing bar stress of concrete lining.The utility model can carry out real-time monitoring to crack development, structural deformation, reinforcing bar stress and other key indexes of concrete lining by setting joint sensor, first deformation sensor and concrete stress sensor in concrete lining, can accurately identify early structure anomaly, timely discover potential safety hazard, guarantee the safe operation of energy storage rock chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of deep underground space energy storage engineering technology, specifically relating to a deep underground energy storage rock cave monitoring system, which is applicable to underground storage projects such as compressed air energy storage, hydrogen storage, and natural gas storage. Background Technology

[0002] Deep underground rock cavern energy storage technology has received widespread attention in recent years, especially in the fields of compressed air energy storage and natural gas energy storage. Existing energy storage technologies mainly rely on underground rock caverns or artificial chambers, which, through specific structural designs and materials, construct underground gas storage spaces that can withstand high pressure and cyclic loads for a long time, thereby achieving the sealing and storage of gases.

[0003] Existing rock cave monitoring systems mainly focus on monitoring the internal pressure of the rock cave, while lacking real-time monitoring of key indicators such as deformation of the sealing structure and crack development, which are crucial for maintaining the sealing performance of the cave. This makes it difficult to detect potential safety hazards in a timely manner during operation, and makes it impossible to provide early warnings of potential gas leaks, structural damage, and other safety hazards, thus restricting the long-term safety and reliability of such energy storage facilities. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a monitoring system for deep underground energy storage rock tunnels, which can monitor key indicators such as structural deformation and crack development in real time, so as to detect potential safety hazards in a timely manner and ensure the safe operation of energy storage rock tunnels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is a monitoring system for deep underground energy storage rock tunnels, comprising a plurality of concrete lining monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each concrete lining monitoring unit includes a crack measuring sensor, a first deformation sensor, and a concrete stress sensor. The crack measuring sensor, the first deformation sensor, and the concrete stress sensor are all installed in the concrete lining of the rock tunnel and are used to monitor the cracks, deformation, and steel stress of the concrete lining, respectively.

[0006] As one embodiment, the concrete lining monitoring unit includes a plurality of joint measuring sensors, and the plurality of joint measuring sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining.

[0007] As one embodiment, the concrete lining monitoring unit includes a plurality of the first deformation sensors, and the plurality of the first deformation sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining.

[0008] As one embodiment, the concrete lining monitoring unit includes a plurality of concrete stress sensors, and the plurality of concrete stress sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining.

[0009] As one implementation method, multiple concrete stress sensors are arranged in series.

[0010] As one embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a plurality of chamber monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock chamber. Each chamber monitoring unit includes a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor. Both the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are installed on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining of the rock chamber and are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the chamber.

[0011] As one embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a plurality of sealed steel lining monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each sealed steel lining monitoring unit includes a second temperature sensor and a second deformation sensor. Both the second temperature sensor and the second deformation sensor are disposed on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining of the rock tunnel and are used to monitor the temperature and deformation of the sealed steel lining.

[0012] As one embodiment, the sealing steel lining monitoring unit includes a plurality of second temperature sensors and a plurality of second deformation sensors. The plurality of second temperature sensors and the plurality of second deformation sensors are all attached and fixed to the inner wall of the sealing steel lining and are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sealing steel lining.

[0013] As one embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a plurality of surrounding rock monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each surrounding rock monitoring unit includes a third temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor. Both the third temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor are installed in the surrounding rock of the rock tunnel and are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the surrounding rock, respectively.

[0014] As one implementation method, the surrounding rock monitoring unit includes multiple third temperature sensors and multiple second pressure sensors, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the surrounding rock.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This invention, by installing a crack sensor, a first deformation sensor, and a concrete stress sensor in the concrete lining, can monitor key indicators such as crack development, structural deformation, and steel stress in the concrete lining in real time. By observing changes in cracks, deformation, and steel stress, it can accurately identify early structural anomalies, promptly detect potential safety hazards, ensure the safe operation of the energy storage rock tunnel, and reduce the risk of casualties and property losses caused by safety accidents such as gas leaks. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Interior of the chamber; 1-1. First temperature sensor; 1-2. First pressure sensor; 2. Sealed steel lining; 2-1. Second deformation sensor; 2-2. Second temperature sensor; 3. Asphalt slip layer; 4. Concrete lining; 4-1. Joint measuring sensor; 4-2. First deformation sensor; 4-3. Concrete stress sensor; 5. Surrounding rock; 5-1. Second pressure sensor; 5-2. Third temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the deep underground energy storage rock tunnel of this embodiment includes a sealed steel liner 2, an asphalt slip layer 3, a concrete lining 4, and surrounding rock 5 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The sealed steel liner 2 encloses and forms the interior 1 of the tunnel, and the surrounding rock 5 can be artificial rock. The thickness of the asphalt slip layer 3 should be uniform to ensure a close fit and natural transition between the asphalt slip layer 3 and the sealed steel liner 2 and the concrete lining 4.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a monitoring system for deep underground energy storage rock tunnels, including several concrete lining 4 monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes a crack detection sensor 4-1, a first deformation sensor 4-2, and a concrete stress sensor 4-3. These sensors are all installed within the concrete lining 4 of the rock tunnel and are used to monitor cracks, deformation, and steel reinforcement stress, respectively. By installing the crack detection sensor 4-1, first deformation sensor 4-2, and concrete stress sensor 4-3 within the concrete lining 4, this embodiment can monitor key indicators such as crack development, structural deformation, and steel reinforcement stress in real time. Through changes in cracks, deformation, and steel reinforcement stress, early structural anomalies can be accurately identified, potential safety hazards can be detected in a timely manner, ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage rock tunnel and reducing the risk of casualties and property damage caused by safety accidents such as gas leaks.

[0025] Preferably, the joint sensor 4-1 is disposed on the side of the concrete lining 4 facing the surrounding rock 5, the first deformation sensor 4-2 is disposed on the side of the concrete lining 4 facing the asphalt slip layer 3, and the concrete stress sensor 4-3 is disposed inside the concrete lining 4 to monitor the steel reinforcement stress of the concrete lining 4.

[0026] Furthermore, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes multiple joint detection sensors 4-1, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining 4. Preferably, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes four joint detection sensors 4-1, with two sensors 4-1 respectively located at the upper two sides of the arch shoulders of the concrete lining 4, and the other two sensors 4-1 respectively located at the lower two sides of the arch feet of the concrete lining 4. The upper two sides of the arch shoulders and the lower two sides of the arch feet of the concrete lining 4 are prone to stress concentration under external forces, making them the areas where cracks are most likely to occur and propagate. This embodiment, by arranging joint detection sensors 4-1 at the most complex and unfavorable stress locations of the concrete lining 4, can achieve the most effective monitoring of structural safety at the lowest cost.

[0027] Furthermore, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes a plurality of first deformation sensors 4-2, and the plurality of first deformation sensors 4-2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining 4. Preferably, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes four first deformation sensors 4-2, wherein two of the first deformation sensors 4-2 are respectively disposed at the arch shoulders on both sides of the upper part of the concrete lining 4, and the other two of the first deformation sensors 4-2 are respectively disposed at the arch feet on both sides of the lower part of the concrete lining 4. The arch shoulders on both sides of the upper part and the arch feet on both sides of the lower part of the concrete lining 4 are prone to stress concentration under the action of external forces, and are sensitive areas for deformation. This embodiment, by arranging the first deformation sensors 4-2 at the most complex and unfavorable stress locations of the concrete lining 4, can achieve the most effective monitoring of structural safety at the lowest cost.

[0028] Furthermore, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes multiple concrete stress sensors 4-3, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining 4. The concrete stress sensors 4-3 are installed on the reinforcing bars within the concrete lining 4. By arranging multiple concrete stress sensors 4-3 at intervals along the circumference, multi-directional monitoring of the stress in the concrete lining 4 can be achieved. Preferably, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit includes eight first deformation sensors 4-2, which are arranged at 45° intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining 4, forming an all-around monitoring network to accurately monitor stress changes in all directions of the concrete lining 4. The first deformation sensors 4-2 can be fiber optic deformation sensors.

[0029] Preferably, multiple concrete stress sensors 4-3 are arranged in series. By connecting multiple concrete stress sensors 4-3 in series, the system wiring can be simplified, the number of interfaces in the signal transmission path can be reduced, and the long-term stability and reliability of the monitoring system can be enhanced.

[0030] In this embodiment, the crack width threshold of the concrete lining 4 is 0.2 mm, the longitudinal and circumferential deformation rate thresholds of the concrete lining 4 are 0.5 mm / d, and the steel reinforcement stress threshold of the concrete lining 4 is 80% of the design value. When the crack detection sensor 4-1 detects that the crack width in the concrete lining 4 exceeds 0.2 mm, and / or the first deformation sensor 4-2 detects that the longitudinal and circumferential deformation rate in the concrete lining 4 exceeds 0.5 mm / d, and / or the concrete stress sensor 4-3 detects that the steel reinforcement stress in the concrete lining 4 exceeds 80% of the design value, an early warning is issued, and grouting should be carried out at the cracks in the concrete lining 4 in a timely manner, while simultaneously checking the stability of the surrounding rock 5.

[0031] In some embodiments, the monitoring system further includes a plurality of chamber interior monitoring units 1 arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each chamber interior monitoring unit 1 includes a first temperature sensor 1-1 and a first pressure sensor 1-2, both of which are mounted on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining 2 of the rock tunnel, for monitoring the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the chamber 1. This embodiment, by installing the first temperature sensor 1-1 and the first pressure sensor 1-2 on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining 2, allows for real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the chamber 1, enabling timely understanding of changes in the chamber's environmental conditions and accurate identification of anomalies within the chamber 1.

[0032] Furthermore, the monitoring unit inside the chamber 1 includes a plurality of first pressure sensors 1-2, and the plurality of first pressure sensors 1-2 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sealing steel liner 2. Preferably, the monitoring unit inside the chamber 1 includes four first pressure sensors 1-2 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sealing steel liner 2, wherein two of the first deformation sensors 4-2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the upper part of the sealing steel liner 2, and the other two first deformation sensors 4-2 are respectively disposed on both sides of the lower part of the sealing steel liner 2, which can realize multi-directional monitoring of the gas pressure inside the chamber 1.

[0033] Furthermore, the first temperature sensor 1-1 and the first pressure sensor 1-2 are glued and fixed to the inner wall of the sealing steel liner 2 with special adhesive. This special adhesive does not react with the stored gas. The sealing steel liner 2 is provided with drilled holes for the sensor circuits to pass through, and the drilled holes are sealed with sealing components or sealing materials after the circuits are installed.

[0034] In this embodiment, the threshold for the rate of temperature change of the gas inside chamber 1 is 0.5℃ / h, and the threshold for the rate of pressure change of the gas inside chamber 1 is 0.1MPa / h. When the first temperature sensor 1-1 detects that the rate of temperature change of the gas inside chamber 1 exceeds 0.5℃ / h, and / or the first pressure sensor 1-2 detects that the rate of pressure change of the gas inside chamber 1 exceeds 0.1MPa / h, a warning is issued simultaneously, pressure is released, and ventilation measures are automatically activated.

[0035] In some embodiments, the monitoring system further includes a plurality of sealed steel lining 2 monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock chamber. Each sealed steel lining 2 monitoring unit includes a second temperature sensor 2-2 and a second deformation sensor 2-1. Both the second temperature sensor 2-2 and the second deformation sensor 2-1 are disposed on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining 2 of the rock chamber, and are used to monitor the temperature and deformation of the sealed steel lining 2. This embodiment, by setting the second temperature sensor 2-2 and the second deformation sensor 2-1 on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining 2, allows for real-time monitoring of the temperature and deformation of the sealed steel lining 2. This enables timely detection of anomalies in the sealed steel lining 2, thereby identifying potential safety hazards and ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage rock chamber.

[0036] Furthermore, the monitoring unit of the sealing steel liner 2 includes multiple second temperature sensors 2-2 and multiple second deformation sensors 2-1. The multiple second temperature sensors 2-2 and multiple second deformation sensors 2-1 are all adhered and fixed to the inner wall of the sealing steel liner 2, and are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sealing steel liner 2. Preferably, the monitoring unit of the sealing steel liner 2 includes four second temperature sensors 2-2 and four second deformation sensors 2-1 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sealing steel liner 2. Two of the second temperature sensors 2-2 are respectively located on both sides of the upper part of the sealing steel liner 2, and the other two are respectively located on both sides of the lower part of the sealing steel liner 2. Two of the second deformation sensors 2-1 are respectively located at the arched shoulders on both sides of the upper part of the sealing steel liner 2, and the other two are respectively located at the arched feet on both sides of the lower part of the sealing steel liner 2, enabling multi-directional monitoring of the temperature and pressure of the sealing steel liner 2.

[0037] Furthermore, the second temperature sensor 2-2 and the second deformation sensor 2-1 are adhered and fixed to the inner wall of the sealed steel liner 2 with a special adhesive that does not react with the stored gas. The sealed steel liner 2 has drilled holes for the sensor wiring to pass through, and these holes are sealed with a sealing element or sealing material after the wiring is installed. The second deformation sensor 2-1 can be a strain gauge.

[0038] In this embodiment, the temperature threshold of the sealing steel liner 2 is 5% of the design value, and the pressure threshold of the sealing steel liner 2 is 10% of the design value. When the second temperature sensor 2-2 detects that the temperature of the sealing steel liner 2 exceeds 5% of the design value, and / or the second deformation sensor 2-1 detects that the pressure of the sealing steel liner 2 exceeds 10% of the design value, an early warning is issued simultaneously, the steel plate connection point of the sealing steel liner 2 at the corresponding location is inspected, and thermal damage repair is performed on the sealing steel liner 2.

[0039] In some embodiments, the monitoring system further includes a plurality of surrounding rock monitoring units 5 arranged at intervals along the length of the rock chamber. Each surrounding rock monitoring unit includes a third temperature sensor 5-12 and a second pressure sensor 5-1. Both the third temperature sensor 5-12 and the second pressure sensor 5-1 are installed within the surrounding rock 5 of the rock chamber and are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the surrounding rock 5, respectively. This embodiment, by installing the third temperature sensor 5-12 and the second pressure sensor 5-1 within the surrounding rock 5, allows for real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure of the surrounding rock 5, enabling timely detection of changes in the surrounding rock 5 and identifying potential safety hazards, thus ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage rock chamber. The third temperature sensor 5-12 and the second pressure sensor 5-1 are respectively installed inside the surrounding rock 5 and on the side of the surrounding rock 5 facing the concrete lining 4, and are used to monitor the temperature and internal contact surface pressure of the surrounding rock 5, respectively.

[0040] Furthermore, the surrounding rock monitoring unit 5 includes multiple third temperature sensors 5-12, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the surrounding rock 5. Preferably, the surrounding rock monitoring unit includes four third temperature sensors 5-12 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the surrounding rock 5, with two of the third temperature sensors 5-12 respectively located on both sides of the upper part of the surrounding rock 5, and the other two located on both sides of the lower part of the surrounding rock 5, enabling multi-directional monitoring of the internal temperature and contact surface pressure of the surrounding rock 5. Second pressure sensors 5-1 are located on the side of the surrounding rock 5 facing the concrete lining 4, and can be installed every 2 meters.

[0041] In this embodiment, the temperature threshold of the surrounding rock 5 is 5% of the design value, and the pressure threshold of the inner contact surface of the surrounding rock 5 is 10% of the design value. When the third temperature sensor 5-12 detects that the temperature inside the surrounding rock 5 exceeds the design value of 5°C, and / or the second pressure sensor 5-1 detects that the pressure of the inner contact surface of the surrounding rock 5 exceeds the design value of 10%, the safety valve immediately releases pressure, monitors and checks whether the gas storage tank is leaking, and verifies the stability of the surrounding rock 5.

[0042] In some embodiments, the concrete lining 4 monitoring unit, the sealed steel lining 2 monitoring unit, and the surrounding rock 5 monitoring unit are configured in a one-to-one correspondence. This allows for the integration of monitoring data from these units, facilitating comprehensive analysis and enabling precise assessment of the overall operational status of the energy storage facility. This, in turn, allows for the timely detection of potential safety hazards and ensures the safe operation of the energy storage rock tunnel. All sensors are connected to a data acquisition unit, which in turn is connected to monitoring and management equipment.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A monitoring system for deep underground energy storage rock tunnels, characterized in that: The system includes several concrete lining monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each concrete lining monitoring unit includes a crack measuring sensor, a first deformation sensor, and a concrete stress sensor. The crack measuring sensor, the first deformation sensor, and the concrete stress sensor are all installed in the concrete lining of the rock tunnel and are used to monitor the cracks, deformation, and steel reinforcement stress of the concrete lining, respectively.

2. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete lining monitoring unit includes multiple joint sensors, and the multiple joint sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining.

3. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete lining monitoring unit includes a plurality of the first deformation sensors, and the plurality of the first deformation sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining.

4. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete lining monitoring unit includes multiple concrete stress sensors, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the concrete lining.

5. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple concrete stress sensors are arranged in series.

6. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes several chamber monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock chamber. Each chamber monitoring unit includes a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor. Both the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are installed on the inner wall of the sealed steel lining of the rock chamber to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the chamber.

7. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes several sealing steel lining monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each sealing steel lining monitoring unit includes a second temperature sensor and a second deformation sensor. Both the second temperature sensor and the second deformation sensor are installed on the inner wall of the sealing steel lining of the rock tunnel to monitor the temperature and deformation of the sealing steel lining.

8. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The sealed steel lining monitoring unit includes multiple second temperature sensors and multiple second deformation sensors. The multiple second temperature sensors and multiple second deformation sensors are all attached and fixed to the inner wall of the sealed steel lining and are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sealed steel lining.

9. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes several surrounding rock monitoring units arranged at intervals along the length of the rock tunnel. Each surrounding rock monitoring unit includes a third temperature sensor and a second pressure sensor. Both the third temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor are installed in the surrounding rock of the rock tunnel and are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the surrounding rock, respectively.

10. The deep underground energy storage rock tunnel monitoring system as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The surrounding rock monitoring unit includes multiple third temperature sensors and multiple second pressure sensors, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the surrounding rock.

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