An externally mounted high-capacity engine high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator systems of large-displacement engine of external hanging type, outer spiral groove is helically extended along outer separator body inner side wall downward;Outer vertical flow groove is vertically arranged in the first space enclosed by outer spiral groove, its upper end is communicated with exhaust pipe, lower end extends into outer separator body middle part;Built-in separator is all arranged in the first space enclosed by outer spiral groove;Built-in separator body is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of outer vertical flow groove;The upper end of outlet pipe is close to outer spiral groove arrangement;Air inlet pipe is communicated with built-in separator body inner cavity by being arranged outer separator body;Built-in spiral groove is helically extended along built-in separator body inner side wall downward;Built-in vertical flow groove is vertically arranged in the second space enclosed by built-in spiral groove, its upper end is communicated with outlet pipe, lower end extends into built-in separator body middle part;Metal wire is in the form of cluster, fixedly arranged in outer spiral groove, outer vertical flow groove, built-in spiral groove and built-in vertical flow groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of compression ignition and spark ignition engine technology, and in particular to an externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines. Background Technology

[0002] The crankcase ventilation system is a core auxiliary structure that maintains internal pressure balance and ensures engine oil performance during engine operation. When the engine is running, the high-pressure combustible mixture and burned gases inside the combustion chamber can leak due to the gap between the piston assembly and the cylinder wall, forming blow-by gas. This is especially true for large-displacement engines (30L and above) (such as large marine engines, mining truck engines, and medium-to-large power plant engines), whose combustion chamber volumes are large and workloads are high, resulting in much greater blow-by gas volume than small-to-medium displacement engines. Furthermore, the blow-by gas contains higher levels of unburned fuel vapor and particulate matter. If these components remain in the crankcase for a long time, they will dilute the engine oil more quickly. The base oil and additives in the engine oil are rapidly neutralized by the acidic substances in the blow-by gas and emulsified by a large amount of water vapor, leading to a sharp decrease in oil viscosity, a significant reduction in lubrication performance, and consequently, accelerated wear on high-power components inside the engine. Meanwhile, the faster accumulation of blow-by gas in large-displacement engines causes a rapid increase in crankcase pressure, making it more susceptible to damaging seals such as oil seals and gaskets. This leads to significant oil leakage, not only increasing oil consumption but also causing more serious external engine contamination and safety hazards. Therefore, designing efficient oil-gas separation technology to address the blow-by gas characteristics of large-displacement engines and achieve timely blow-by gas discharge and efficient oil recovery is crucial for ensuring the reliability and long service life of these engines.

[0003] Existing engine crankcase ventilation systems are mainly divided into two types: open and closed. Open systems treat blow-by gas through multi-stage separation devices, and discharge the separated gas directly into the atmosphere through ventilation hoses. However, their separation efficiency is greatly limited by structural design: for large-displacement engines, the single-stage separation unit of traditional open systems cannot match their ultra-large blow-by gas volume, and the problem of insufficient capture capability for oil droplets with a particle size of less than 5μm is further amplified, resulting in a large amount of oil vapor still being contained in the exhaust gas. This not only causes serious oil waste, but also fails to meet the increasingly stringent environmental regulations for non-road large-displacement equipment. Closed-loop systems return the pre-separated oil and gas to the cylinder for re-combustion via a dedicated air passage. While this reduces emissions, large-displacement engines have more powerful and sophisticated turbochargers. Residual oil particles in the return airflow are more likely to accumulate carbon on the turbocharger impeller, intake valves, and other components, accelerating wear and reducing turbocharger efficiency, severely impacting the engine's power output. Furthermore, the complex air passage structure of closed-loop systems requires precise matching with the large cylinder block and cylinder head of large-displacement engines, increasing manufacturing costs and significantly raising maintenance difficulty and frequency due to greater carbon buildup. Regardless of whether it's an open or closed system, the shortcomings of existing cyclone oil-gas separators in balancing "low cost" and "high separation efficiency" are more pronounced in large-displacement engine applications: while large-scale multi-stage separation structures can barely improve efficiency and handle large blow-by volumes, their high cost and bulk make them difficult to fit into the limited installation space of external breathers on large-displacement engines, failing to meet the oil recovery and emission requirements of long-term high-load operation.

[0004] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the concept and technical solution of this utility model. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose an external, high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines, which adopts a structure in which several separators are built into the oil-gas separator to perform oil-gas separation for large-displacement engines.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model proposes an external, high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines.

[0007] Preferably, the present invention may also have the following technical features:

[0008] An externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines includes an outer separator, several internal separators, and metal wires.

[0009] The outer separator includes an outer separator body, an outer spiral groove, an outer vertical direct current groove, an exhaust pipe, and an oil return connector. The outer separator body is a hollow cylindrical shape, with the exhaust pipe and oil return connector located at its top and bottom, respectively, and communicating with the inner cavity of the outer separator body. The outer spiral groove extends downward along the inner wall of the outer separator body in a spiral shape, with an opening on one side. The outer vertical direct current groove is vertically located within the first space enclosed by the outer spiral groove, with its upper end communicating with the exhaust pipe and its lower end extending into the middle of the outer separator body.

[0010] Each built-in separator is located within the first space enclosed by the outer spiral groove. Each built-in separator includes a built-in separator body, a built-in spiral groove, a built-in vertical DC groove, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a return oil pipe. The built-in separator body is a hollow cylindrical shape and is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer vertical DC groove. The outlet pipe and the return oil pipe are respectively located at the top and bottom of the built-in separator body and communicate with the inner cavity of the built-in separator body. The upper end of the outlet pipe is located close to the outer spiral groove, so that the gas discharged from the outlet pipe can enter the outer spiral groove for further separation. The inlet pipe passes through the outer separator body and communicates with the inner cavity of the built-in separator body. The built-in spiral groove extends downward along the inner wall of the built-in separator body in a spiral shape and has an opening on one side. The built-in vertical DC groove is vertically located within the second space enclosed by the built-in spiral groove, with its upper end communicating with the outlet pipe and its lower end extending into the middle of the built-in separator body.

[0011] The metal wire is in the form of a ball and is fixedly disposed in the outer spiral groove, the outer vertical DC groove, the inner spiral groove and the inner vertical DC groove, with a filling rate of 30% to 50% of the internal space of each groove.

[0012] Preferably, the intake pipe is disposed on the upper part of the built-in separator body, and the inner wall of the intake pipe is tangentially connected to the top of the inner cavity of the built-in separator body, so that the oil-containing gas discharged from the cylinder head cover can enter the built-in separator body tangentially from the intake pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the outer spiral groove, the outer vertical DC groove, the inner spiral groove, and the inner vertical DC groove are uniformly provided with a plurality of protrusions.

[0014] Preferably, the protrusion has a columnar structure, with a diameter of 1-2 mm and a height of 4-8 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the protrusion is one or more of a prismatic, hemispherical, or barbed conical structure.

[0016] Preferably, the protrusion is fixed to the outer spiral groove, the outer vertical DC groove, the inner spiral groove, and the inner vertical DC groove by welding, with a welding strength ≥ 5 MPa.

[0017] Preferably, a mounting bracket is provided on the outer wall of the outer separator body.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art include: Addressing the characteristic of large-displacement engines (30L and above) with large blow-by volumes (typically 5-8 times that of small-displacement engines), this application utilizes a combined structure of "parallel pre-treatment by several built-in separators + multi-stage fine filtration by an outer separator" to achieve coordinated "diversion-convergence" processing of oil and gas separation. The built-in separators simultaneously receive multiple streams of blow-by gas discharged from the cylinder head cover, distributing the total processing capacity to each built-in separator for initial separation, reducing the load on each single-stage separator. The gas pre-treated by the built-in separators then flows into the first guide channel of the outer separator, where deep separation is achieved through spiral centrifugation and wire collision. Compared to traditional single-stage separators, the total system processing capacity is increased, and it can stably handle blow-by volume fluctuations under all operating conditions of large-displacement engines. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal wire according to a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Outer separator; 11-Outer separator body; 12-Outer spiral groove; 13-Outer vertical direct current groove; 14-Exhaust pipe; 15-Return oil connector; 2-Built-in separator; 21-Built-in separator body; 22-Built-in spiral groove; 23-Built-in vertical direct current groove; 24-Inlet pipe; 25-Outlet pipe; 26-Return oil pipe; 3-Metal wire; 4-Protrusion; 5-Mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0026] Non-limiting and non-exclusive embodiments will be described with reference to the following figures, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same parts unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0027] An externally mounted, high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines is available. This system is suitable for large off-road engines with a displacement of 30L or more, large-displacement V-type multi-cylinder engines with a displacement of 30L or more, large-displacement engines with dual oil-gas separators, and large-displacement engines with multiple oil-gas separators. It has a wide range of applications, including large marine engines, large mining trucks, medium-to-large workstations, and medium-to-large power plants. Figures 1-5 As shown, the separator system of this utility model includes an outer separator 1, several built-in separators 2, and a metal wire 3;

[0028] The outer separator 1 includes an outer separator body 11, an outer spiral groove 12, an outer vertical direct current groove 13, an exhaust pipe 14, and an oil return connector 15. The outer separator body 11 is a hollow cylindrical shape. The exhaust pipe 14 and the oil return connector 15 are respectively located at its top and bottom and communicate with the inner cavity of the outer separator body 11. The outer spiral groove 12 extends downward along the inner wall of the outer separator body 11 in a spiral shape and has an opening on one side. The outer vertical direct current groove 13 is vertically arranged in the first space enclosed by the outer spiral groove 12. Its upper end communicates with the exhaust pipe 14, and its lower end extends into the middle of the outer separator body 11.

[0029] The built-in separators 2 are all located within the first space enclosed by the outer spiral groove 12. Each built-in separator 2 includes a built-in separator body 21, a built-in spiral groove 22, a built-in vertical direct current groove 23, an air inlet pipe 24, an air outlet pipe 25, and an oil return pipe 26. The built-in separator body 21 is a hollow cylindrical shape and is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer vertical direct current groove 13. The air outlet pipe 25 and the oil return pipe 26 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the built-in separator body 21 and communicate with the inner cavity of the built-in separator body 21. The upper end of the air outlet pipe 25... The gas is positioned close to the outer spiral groove 12 so that the gas discharged from the outlet pipe 25 can enter the outer spiral groove 12 for further separation; the inlet pipe 24 passes through the outer separator body 11 and communicates with the inner cavity of the inner separator body 21; the inner spiral groove 22 extends downward along the inner wall of the inner separator body 21 in a spiral shape, and has an opening on one side; the inner vertical straight groove 23 is vertically arranged in the second space enclosed by the inner spiral groove 22, with its upper end communicating with the outlet pipe 25 and its lower end extending into the middle of the inner separator body 21;

[0030] The metal wire 3 is in the form of a ball and is fixedly disposed in the outer spiral groove 12, the outer vertical DC groove 13, the inner spiral groove 22 and the inner vertical DC groove 23, with a filling rate of 30% to 50% of the internal space of each groove.

[0031] The oil and gas in the engine crankcase are first initially separated through the oil-gas labyrinth channel inside the cylinder head cover. The separated oil flows back to the cylinder block. The initially separated oil and gas enter the oil-gas separator inside the cylinder head cover for pre-filtration and further pre-separation. The pre-separated oil also flows back to the cylinder block. The pre-separated oil and gas are discharged from the cylinder head cover at a high speed, pass through the oil-gas separator connecting pipe, and then enter the centrifugal oil-gas separator system mentioned above.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the oil enters the internal spiral groove 22 descending from the intake pipe 24 for the first stage of fine filtration. The separated oil flows back to the outer separator body 11 through the return oil pipe 26 at the bottom of the internal separator body 21, and then flows back to the cylinder body through the return oil connector 15. The oil and gas separated by the first stage of fine filtration still contain oil and gas. Compared with the outer separator body 11, the internal separator body 21 is smaller in volume and has fewer metal wires 3. The number of collisions between the oil and gas in the internal separator body 21 is also relatively less, and the pressure reduction of the oil and gas is less. Since the oil and gas exit the cylinder head cover at a faster speed and with greater pressure, the internal separator body 21 can even be regarded as a pipeline. Therefore, the pressure of the oil and gas separated by the first stage is still much greater than the air pressure. So the oil and gas in the internal separator body 21 will naturally rise from the internal vertical straight groove 23 and continuously collide with the metal wires 3 for the second stage of separation. Then, it enters the outer spiral groove 22 from the upper end of the exhaust pipe 25. The oil and gas undergo a second separation in the outer spiral groove 12. Guided by the outer spiral groove 12, the oil and gas flow rapidly from top to bottom and continuously collide with the metal wire 3, performing the third stage of separation. Since the exhaust pipe 14 is connected to the atmosphere, there is a pressure difference between the outer separator body 11 and the atmosphere. The gas inside the outer separator body 11 forms an airflow channel from the outer vertical direct current groove 13. During the upward movement, the oil and gas continuously collide with the metal wire 3 inside the outer vertical direct current groove 13, where the oil and gas undergo the fourth stage of fine filtration separation. The separated oil returns to the cylinder body through the oil return connector 15 at the bottom of the outer separator body 11. Thus, the oil and gas complete the four-stage fine filtration separation in the separator, meet the emission requirements, and are discharged into the atmosphere.

[0033] In this invention, the built-in separator 2 and the outer separator 1 have similar structures, but differ in their volume. Furthermore, the gas discharged from the cylinder head first enters the built-in separator 2 for separation before entering the outer separator 1. Specifically, the number of built-in separators 2 can be set according to requirements; this embodiment uses two built-in separators 2 as an example.

[0034] In some examples of this embodiment, the intake pipe 24 is disposed on the upper part of the built-in separator body 21, and the inner wall of the intake pipe 24 is tangentially connected to the top of the inner cavity of the built-in separator body 21, so that the oil-containing gas discharged from the cylinder head cover can enter the built-in separator body 21 tangentially from the intake pipe 24.

[0035] In some examples of this embodiment, such as Figure 4 and 5 As shown, a plurality of protrusions 4 are uniformly provided in the outer spiral groove 12, the outer vertical DC groove 13, the inner spiral groove 22, and the inner vertical DC groove 23. The protrusions 4 are columnar structures, preferably with a diameter of 1-2 mm and a height of 4-8 mm. The spacing between adjacent protrusions 4 is not limited, as long as they serve to fix the metal wire 3. Specifically, the protrusions 4 can be fixed in the outer spiral groove 12, the outer vertical DC groove 13, the inner spiral groove 22, and the inner vertical DC groove 23 by welding, with a welding strength ≥ 5 MPa, ensuring that the protrusions 4 do not loosen under airflow impact. Specifically, the size of the protrusions 4 can be determined according to the size of the guide groove, as long as it can effectively hold the metal wire 3 and does not affect the separation of oil and gas. In actual production, protrusions 4 can be set in the guide groove by spot welding. The protrusions 4 are not limited to columnar shapes; they can also be one or more of the following: prismatic (with a cross-section of an equilateral triangle or square), hemispherical, or barbed conical structures.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the metal wire 3 is a ball-shaped metal wire for industrial use, similar in shape to a steel wool scrubber. Each steel wool scrubber contains several wires. Specifically, it can be extruded into strips or circles of fixed length using a simple molding die, facilitating quick and easy placement into the flow channel. After the metal wire 3 is placed in the flow channel, the gaps between the wires mechanically engage with the protrusions 4. In the airflow, the displacement of the metal wire 3 is ≤0.5mm, preventing blockage of the flow channel due to accumulation or displacement of the metal wire 3. Therefore, the metal wire 3 used in this invention must have a certain degree of hardness and be resistant to deformation. Specifically, the protrusions 4 are located on the bottom and sidewalls of the outer spiral groove 12 and the inner spiral groove 22 to fix the metal wire 3 from multiple directions.

[0037] The protrusions 4 of the above structure fix the metal wire 3 by mechanical interlocking, eliminating the need for additional fasteners, straps, or other fasteners, thus reducing the number of parts, assembly processes, and costs. The multiple contacts between the protrusions 4 and the metal wire 3 create turbulent disturbance points, causing the airflow to generate local eddies in the guide groove, increasing the probability of oil droplet collision and improving separation efficiency.

[0038] In some examples of this embodiment, the helical angle (the angle between the helix and the axis of the separator body) of the outer helical groove 12 and the inner helical groove 22 is 30°. When the helical angle is less than 30°, the airflow swirling intensity is insufficient and the oil droplet separation rate is low; when the angle is greater than 30°, the flow resistance of the airflow in the groove increases and the pressure drop is large.

[0039] In some examples of this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the bottoms of the outer separator body 11 and the inner separator body 21 are funnel-shaped, with a cone angle of 45°~60° and a polished inner wall (surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm) to reduce oil flow resistance. The center of the funnel bottom smoothly transitions to the return oil connector 15 (rounded corner radius 3~5mm) to prevent oil stagnation. The vertical distance between the lower end of the outer spiral groove 12 and the highest point of the funnel-shaped structure at the bottom of the outer separator body 11 is 8~12mm, ensuring that the airflow discharged from the outer spiral groove 12 does not directly impact the oil surface inside the funnel. When the separated oil droplets fall along the inner wall of the outer separator body 11 or the outer vertical direct current groove 13, the funnel-shaped structure uses gravity to accelerate the oil droplet convergence, and the oil flow velocity inside the funnel can reach 0.5~0.8m / s, which is much higher than the velocity of the flat-bottom structure. The funnel-shaped bottom accelerates the convergence of oil to the return oil connector 15, reducing oil residue compared to the flat-bottom structure and minimizing oil waste. The distance between the outer vertical DC groove 13 and the funnel-shaped structure prevents airflow from directly impacting the oil, preventing separated oil droplets from being re-atomized and carried into the airflow. The smooth transition between the funnel and the return oil connector 15 reduces dead zones in oil flow, preventing oil from solidifying and clogging the return oil channel due to stagnation under low-temperature conditions.

[0040] In some examples of this embodiment, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, a mounting bracket 5 is provided on the outer side wall of the separator body 1 to fix the separator body to the cylinder body.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous variations are possible with respect to the above description, and the embodiments and figures are merely for describing one or more specific implementations.

[0042] Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, many modifications can be made to adapt specific situations to the doctrine of the present invention without departing from the central concept of the present invention described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but may include all embodiments and equivalents that fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An externally mounted, high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines, characterized in that: Includes an outer separator, several internal separators, and metal wires; The outer separator includes an outer separator body, an outer spiral groove, an outer vertical direct current groove, an exhaust pipe, and an oil return connector. The outer separator body is a hollow cylindrical shape, with the exhaust pipe and oil return connector located at its top and bottom, respectively, and communicating with the inner cavity of the outer separator body. The outer spiral groove extends downward along the inner wall of the outer separator body in a spiral shape, with an opening on one side. The outer vertical direct current groove is vertically located within the first space enclosed by the outer spiral groove, with its upper end communicating with the exhaust pipe and its lower end extending into the middle of the outer separator body. Each built-in separator is located within the first space enclosed by the outer spiral groove. Each built-in separator includes a built-in separator body, a built-in spiral groove, a built-in vertical DC groove, an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a return oil pipe. The built-in separator body is a hollow cylindrical shape and is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer vertical DC groove. The outlet pipe and the return oil pipe are respectively located at the top and bottom of the built-in separator body and communicate with the inner cavity of the built-in separator body. The upper end of the outlet pipe is located close to the outer spiral groove, so that the gas discharged from the outlet pipe can enter the outer spiral groove for further separation. The inlet pipe passes through the outer separator body and communicates with the inner cavity of the built-in separator body. The built-in spiral groove extends downward along the inner wall of the built-in separator body in a spiral shape and has an opening on one side. The built-in vertical DC groove is vertically located within the second space enclosed by the built-in spiral groove, with its upper end communicating with the outlet pipe and its lower end extending into the middle of the built-in separator body. The metal wire is in the form of a ball and is fixedly disposed in the outer spiral groove, the outer vertical DC groove, the inner spiral groove and the inner vertical DC groove, with a filling rate of 30% to 50% of the internal space of each groove.

2. The externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intake pipe is located on the upper part of the built-in separator body, and the inner wall of the intake pipe is tangentially connected to the top of the inner cavity of the built-in separator body, so that the oil-containing gas discharged from the cylinder head cover can enter the built-in separator body tangentially from the intake pipe.

3. The externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer spiral groove, the outer vertical DC groove, the inner spiral groove, and the inner vertical DC groove are all uniformly provided with a number of protrusions.

4. The externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion has a columnar structure with a diameter of 1-2 mm and a height of 4-8 mm.

5. The externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion is one or more of the following: prismatic, hemispherical, or barbed conical structures.

6. The externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion is fixed to the outer spiral groove, the outer vertical DC groove, the inner spiral groove, and the inner vertical DC groove by welding process, with a welding strength ≥5MPa.

7. The externally mounted high-efficiency centrifugal oil-gas separator system for large-displacement engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation bracket is provided on the outer wall of the outer separator body.

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