A bolt assembly, an electric device, and a vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bolt assembly, electric equipment and vehicle, comprising, bolt, including head, the outer wall surface of head is equipped with positioning piece, protective sleeve, including main part and a plurality of connecting boss, a plurality of connecting boss extend along the axial direction of main part, and at least part connecting boss is suitable for with positioning piece cooperation fixed, to make the clearance fit between main part and head. The mode of this setting can make the head of bolt and the main part of protective sleeve be spaced a certain distance, so that the head of bolt and the main part are spaced a certain distance, avoid that the small contact area of its head or nut produces huge pressure to protective sleeve, and cracks or crushes insulating material, thereby has promoted the security.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bolt assemblies, and more particularly to a bolt assembly, electrical equipment, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In vehicle production, bolts are used extensively to connect and secure various assemblies or components.

[0003] The existing insulating board is fixed to the metal frame with screws. To ensure connection strength, the screws are made of metal. After the screws are connected to the metal frame, they are essentially the same conductor, so insulation is required to isolate the screws and achieve complete isolation between the live conductor and the metal frame. An interference fit is typically used to fix the insulating component (such as a protective sleeve) to the outer diameter of the bolt. When the bolt is tightened directly, the small contact area of ​​its head or nut can exert significant pressure on the insulating sleeve, easily cracking or damaging the insulating material. During assembly, the insulating component is prone to physical damage, loss of insulation, and potential safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an anti-loosening bolt assembly, electrical equipment, and vehicle to at least partially solve the problems existing in the related art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a bolt assembly, comprising: a bolt including a head, wherein a positioning element is provided on the outer wall surface of the head;

[0006] The protective sleeve includes a main body and a plurality of connecting bosses, the plurality of connecting bosses extending circumferentially along the main body;

[0007] At least a portion of the connecting boss is adapted to engage and be fixed with the positioning member, so that the main body and the head are in clearance fit.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of connecting bosses are spaced apart circumferentially along the main body, and at least a portion of the connecting bosses include a connector extending toward the head direction, the connector being at least partially engaged and fixed with the positioning member.

[0009] Optionally, the positioning element is configured as a positioning groove, and the connecting element is configured as a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0010] Optionally, the main body is provided with a through hole, and the top of the head is provided with a recessed groove. The through hole and the recessed groove are correspondingly arranged so that external components can act on the recessed groove through the through hole.

[0011] Optionally, on the first projection plane, the size of the through hole is larger than the size of the countersunk groove, and the first projection plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt assembly.

[0012] Optionally, on the first projection plane, the projection of the connector and the through hole do not coincide, and the first projection plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt assembly.

[0013] Optionally, on a projection plane parallel to the bolt axis, the distances from the positioning member to the first and second end faces of the head are equal.

[0014] Optionally, the side of the main body away from the head is a smooth surface.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an electrical appliance is provided, comprising the bolt assembly described in the first aspect.

[0016] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the bolt assembly described in the first aspect, and / or, the electrical equipment of the second aspect.

[0017] Since the vehicle provided in this application includes the aforementioned bolt assembly, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same effect.

[0018] By adopting the above solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] The bolt assembly includes a bolt and a protective sleeve. A positioning element is provided on the outer wall of the bolt head. The protective sleeve has a main body and multiple connecting bosses. The multiple connecting bosses extend circumferentially along the main body. When the protective sleeve is placed on the bolt, the initial state is that the protective sleeve descends to fit against the head. The outer diameter of the head and the side walls of the multiple connecting bosses expand, allowing the protective sleeve to continue descending to the bolt positioning element. Some of the connecting bosses cooperate with the positioning element, which prevents the protective sleeve from moving upward or downward, so that there is a certain distance between the bolt head and the main body. This avoids the bolt head exerting huge contact pressure on the protective sleeve, preventing cracking or damage to the protective sleeve, thereby improving safety.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic AA cross-sectional view of a bolt assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the protective sleeve provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the protective sleeve provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] Bolt 10; Head 101; Countersunk groove 1011; First end face 1022; Second end face 1033; Positioning element 102; Positioning groove 103; Screw 104; Thread 105;

[0030] Protective sleeve 20; main body 201; through hole 2011; smooth surface 2012; connecting boss 202; connector 2021;

[0031] 3000 vehicles. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0033] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0034] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, "parallel," "perpendicular," and "equal" include the described situation and situations similar to the described situation, where the range of similarity is within an acceptable deviation range, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism can be, for example, a deviation within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, a deviation within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate equality can be, for example, a difference between the two equals being less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0036] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0037] The following is a reference appendix. Figure 1-5 This invention describes a bolt assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the bolt assembly of this embodiment includes a bolt 10, which includes a head 101. A positioning element 102 is provided on the outer wall surface of the head 101. A protective sleeve 20 includes a main body 201 and a plurality of connecting bosses 202. The plurality of connecting bosses 202 extend circumferentially along the main body 201. At least some of the connecting bosses 202 are adapted to cooperate with the positioning element 102 for fixation, so that the main body 201 and the head 101 are in clearance fit.

[0039] It is understood that the bolt assembly includes a bolt 10, and the bolt 10 includes a positioning element 102 disposed circumferentially on the outer wall surface of the head 101. The positioning element 102 is disposed on the outer wall surface and can be either a protrusion or a recess, depending on the actual product. The protective sleeve 20 includes a main body 201 and multiple connecting bosses 202. The main body 201, as shown in the figure, can be configured as a cap structure to facilitate fitting onto the bolt 10. The connecting bosses 202 extend circumferentially toward the main body 201. This orientation can be either an angled extension of the connecting bosses 202 and the main body 201, or a perpendicular extension, depending on the actual product. Figure 5As shown, the bolt 10 also includes a screw 104 and a thread 105. The screw 104 is the rod-shaped body of the bolt 10, which provides support and force transmission for the whole. The thread 105 is a helical structure machined on the screw 104, which is used to engage with the nut to achieve fastening. The three work together to enable the bolt 10 to perform a detachable high-strength fastening function.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, by assembling the protective sleeve 20 onto the bolt 10, the protective sleeve 20 is first placed on the bolt 10 from top to bottom. "From top to bottom" refers to the direction in which the protective sleeve 20 is inserted into the head 101. Initially, the protective sleeve 20 descends to the head 101 and fits against it. The outer diameter of the head 101 expands the sidewall of the connecting boss 202 of the protective sleeve 20, allowing the protective sleeve 20 to continue descending to the positioning member 102 of the bolt 10. Then, part of the inner side of the connecting boss 202 is fixedly engaged with the positioning member 102 of the bolt 10. The positioning member 102 is configured with a locking structure to prevent radial movement of the protective sleeve 20. After the maximum outer diameter of the head 101 fits against the inner diameter of the protective sleeve 20, the tightening force prevents the protective sleeve 20 from moving in the circumferential direction, thus fixing the protective sleeve 20 to the head 101. Of course, once the protective sleeve 20 is fixed to the bolt 10, it can be seen that there is a certain gap between the main body 201 of the protective sleeve 20 and the head 101 of the bolt 10. When the boundary parts are deformed by collision, they can only contact the protective sleeve 20, thereby achieving the insulation function and ensuring the safety of personnel in the event of a collision.

[0041] In some embodiments, a plurality of connecting bosses 202 are spaced apart circumferentially along the main body portion 201, and at least a portion of the connecting bosses 202 include a connector 2021 extending toward the head 101, and the connector 2021 is at least partially engaged and fixed with the positioning member 102.

[0042] It is understandable that, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of connecting bosses 202 is set to 4. Setting the connecting bosses 202 to 4 makes the structure of the protective sleeve 20 simple, which not only makes it easy to put the protective sleeve 20 on the bolt 10 during assembly, but also increases the number of positions where ejector pins can be arranged in the mold of the protective sleeve 20. The ejector pins are subjected to balanced force in the mold, the ejector pins are not easy to break, the mold has a long service life, reduces the mold maintenance cost, and makes the installation of the protective sleeve 20 more efficient.

[0043] Multiple connecting bosses 202 are spaced apart circumferentially along the main body 201. The core advantage of this arrangement is that it can distribute external loads (such as circumferential tension, radial torque, and vibration impact) to different circumferential positions of the main body 201, avoiding local structural fatigue or damage caused by concentrated stress on a single boss. At the same time, the spaced arrangement forms multiple points of positioning and support, improving the circumferentiality and stability of the connection between the main body 201 and the mating components (such as the housing and bracket), and reducing deformation caused by uneven stress after assembly.

[0044] Of course, it can be seen that at least some of the connecting bosses 202 are provided with connectors 2021 extending towards the head 101. These connectors 2021 are usually designed as extensions with a certain length and structural strength to ensure a stable connection with adjacent components or the main structure. The extension direction of the connectors 2021 is usually coordinated with the layout of the overall structure. The design towards the head 101 helps to optimize space utilization and ensure the stability and functionality of the connection. In addition, the surface of the connectors 2021 may be provided with threaded holes, slots, or other fixing structures to facilitate installation and adjustment, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the overall assembly. The connectors 2021 are spaced apart on the connecting bosses 202. Here, "spaced apart" refers to the placement of connectors 2021 on spaced connecting bosses 202. There can be one connecting boss 202 spaced apart, or multiple spaces, depending on the actual product. The connectors 2021 can also be designed as snap-fit ​​types. Snap-fit ​​types meet the requirements of lightweighting, improve assembly efficiency, and do not require increasing the structural size of the bolts 10, making the structure compact.

[0045] In some embodiments, the positioning member 102 is configured as a positioning groove 103, and the connector 2021 is configured as a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0046] Understandably, configuring the positioning component 102 as the positioning groove 103 and the connector 2021 as a snap-fit ​​structure offers the core advantage of achieving "rapid and accurate positioning + tool-free assembly": the positioning groove 103 provides clear guidance and limits for the snap-fit ​​through its own contour (such as a rectangular groove or trapezoidal groove), ensuring that the snap-fit ​​quickly aligns with the installation position during assembly, avoiding offset or misalignment, and significantly improving assembly efficiency; the snap-fit ​​structure forms an interference fit with the positioning groove 103 through its own elastic deformation (such as the deformation of the hook of a plastic snap-fit), achieving a stable connection without the need for additional fasteners such as bolts 10 and screws, reducing the number of parts and assembly steps, and lowering costs; at the same time, this fit method allows for detachable fixing, and during later maintenance, only external force needs to be applied to disassemble the snap-fit ​​from the positioning groove 103, making the operation convenient and without causing structural damage to the positioning component 102 or the connector 2021, balancing connection reliability and maintenance flexibility.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the main body 201 is provided with a through hole 2011, and the top of the head 101 is provided with a recess 1011. The through hole 2011 and the recess 1011 are correspondingly arranged so that external components can act on the recess 1011 through the through hole 2011.

[0048] Understandably, the countersunk head 1011 can be configured as a hexagonal head 101. Besides the internal hexagonal type, the head 101 can also be configured with various structures such as external hexagonal, internal Torx, slotted, Phillips head, countersunk head (slotted / internal hexagonal), and cylindrical head (slotted / internal hexagonal) depending on factors such as assembly space, torque requirements, anti-loosening requirements, and tool compatibility, selected according to the actual product. The main body 201 is provided with a through hole 2011. When the protective sleeve 20 is assembled on the bolt 10, the through hole 2011 corresponds to the countersunk head 1011, with the countersunk head 1011 protruding from the through hole 2011. This design facilitates the installation and removal of the bolt 10 and improves assembly efficiency.

[0049] In some embodiments, on the first projection plane, the size of the through hole 2011 is larger than the size of the countersunk groove 1011, and the first projection plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt assembly.

[0050] It is understandable that on the first projection plane, the size of the through hole 2011 is larger than the size of the groove 1011. The "larger" here can be understood as the maximum length on the projection plane. Generally, the groove 1011 may be set to an irregular shape, and the through hole 2011 may also be a round hole or other shapes. The through hole 2011 being larger than the groove 1011 allows external tools to directly pass through the through hole 2011 and act on the groove 1011, thereby disassembling the bolt 10.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, on the first projection plane, the projections of the connector 2021 and the through hole 2011 do not coincide, and the first projection plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt assembly.

[0052] It is understandable that the connector 2021 is located in the axial direction of the main body 201 and extends toward the bolt 10. The extension length of the connector 2021 does not coincide with the through hole 2011, indicating that in the view of the first projection plane, the connector 2021 and the through hole 2011 do not completely overlap, that is, their projections on the projection plane are separate. This arrangement can save materials on the one hand, and on the other hand, the extension length can be more conveniently matched and fixed with the positioning member 102, avoiding excessive interference.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, on the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of bolt 10, the distances from the positioning member 102 to the first end face 1022 and the second end face 1033 of the head 101 are equal.

[0054] It is understandable that on the projection plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt 10, the distance from the positioning element 102 to the first end face 1022 and the second end face 1033 of the head 101 is equal. It can be seen that this setting refers to setting the positioning element 102 in the middle of the side wall of the head 101. In this solution, the positioning groove 103 is set. Therefore, the positioning groove 103 is far away from the thread of the bolt 10 and does not need to cooperate with the metal washer. It only needs to fix the protective sleeve 20. There is no high flatness requirement. It can be molded, which reduces the unit cost of the assembly by 35%.

[0055] Of course, the advantage of this design lies in ensuring the "symmetrical positioning constraint" of the positioning component 102 on the bolt 10: on the one hand, it can prevent the positioning component 102 from being biased towards a certain end face, which would cause uneven force on the bolt 10 during assembly, prevent the head 101 from being misaligned with the connected part, and thus reduce additional stress concentration on the shank or thread of the bolt 10; on the other hand, the symmetrical distance relationship can ensure that the positioning reference of the positioning component 102 on the bolt 10 is uniform. Whether the bolt is tightened, the parts are connected, or the bolt is disassembled for maintenance, the axial centering of the bolt 10 can be maintained, which can improve the accuracy and stability of the overall assembly and avoid assembly gaps and loosening risks caused by positioning offset. It is especially suitable for mechanical connection scenarios with high requirements for fastening position accuracy.

[0056] In some embodiments, the protective sleeve 20 is made of insulating material.

[0057] Understandably, the protective sleeve 20 is an insulating safety protection product used for the wiring terminals of electrical equipment. It is made of silicone rubber material and is molded at high temperature. It has excellent electrical properties, aging resistance, and high and low temperature resistance, and can effectively prevent power outage accidents caused by human contact, small animals connecting to it, etc.

[0058] In some embodiments, the side of the main body 201 away from the head 101 is a smooth surface 2012.

[0059] It is understandable that the upper surface of the main body 201 has no boss and only a through hole 2011 in the middle. Therefore, a smooth surface 2012 can be provided. This design can make the mold structure of the protective sleeve 20 simpler and reduce the amount of material used in the protective sleeve 20.

[0060] Secondly, this application also provides an electrical device, including the aforementioned bolt assembly.

[0061] Since the electrical equipment provided in this application includes the aforementioned bolt assembly, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same effect.

[0062] Thirdly, refer to Figure 6 This application also provides a vehicle 3000, including the aforementioned bolt assembly and / or the aforementioned electrical equipment.

[0063] Since the vehicle provided in this application includes the aforementioned bolt assembly and / or electrical equipment, both are able to solve the same technical problem and achieve the same effect.

[0064] In the description of the embodiments of this application, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0065] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bolt assembly, characterized in that, include: A bolt, including a head, wherein a positioning element is provided on the outer wall surface of the head; The protective sleeve includes a main body and a plurality of connecting bosses, the plurality of connecting bosses extending circumferentially along the main body; At least a portion of the connecting boss is adapted to engage and be fixed with the positioning member so that the main body and the head are in clearance fit.

2. The bolt assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple connecting bosses are spaced apart circumferentially along the main body, and at least some of the connecting bosses include connecting members extending toward the head direction, and the connecting members are at least partially engaged and fixed with the positioning member.

3. The bolt assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning element is configured as a positioning groove, and the connecting element is configured as a snap-fit ​​structure.

4. The bolt assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body is provided with a through hole, and the top of the head is provided with a recessed groove. The through hole and the recessed groove are correspondingly arranged so that external components can act on the recessed groove through the through hole.

5. The bolt assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, On the first projection plane, the size of the through hole is larger than the size of the countersunk groove, and the first projection plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt assembly.

6. The bolt assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, On the first projection plane, the projection of the connector and the through hole do not coincide, and the first projection plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the bolt assembly.

7. The bolt assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, On a projection plane parallel to the bolt axis, the distances from the positioning element to the first and second end faces of the head are equal.

8. The bolt assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the main body away from the head is a smooth surface.

9. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the bolt assembly as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes bolt assemblies as described in any one of claims 1-8, and / or includes electrical equipment as described in claim 9.

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