Alignment angle contact roller bearing
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522747200.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-25
AI Technical Summary
[0003]然而，现有技术中角接触球轴承由于滚动体为钢球，其承载能力有限，尽管具有较大的接触角能承受可观的轴向和径向力，但在重载或高冲击工况下易出现早期疲劳和变形
[0006]本实用新型的有益效果是：该轴承通过外圈的调心弧形滚道和内圈的角接触弧形滚道结合，实现了调心功能和角接触功能的集成。调心弧形滚道使轴承在冲击载荷或轴偏转时能自动调整位置，补偿不对中误差，提升抗冲击性和适应性；角接触弧形滚道与内圈挡边协同作用，形成稳定的接触角，从而同时承受较大轴向力和径向力，增强综合承载能力。滚子作为滚动体相比钢球具有更高的接触面积和载荷分布能力，减少应力集中，适用于重载工况。作为一种优选方式，调心弧形滚道可以设计为球面轮廓，其曲率中心位于轴承中心线上，使得滚子在其上滚动时能随外圈和内圈的相对偏转而滑动调整；角接触弧形滚道可以设计为倾斜弧形凹槽，其斜面与滚子形成线接触，配合内圈挡边的轴向限位，确保载荷沿接触角方向有效传递。这种结构不仅优化了载荷分布，还降低了摩擦和磨损，延长了轴承在复杂工况下的使用寿命。
Smart Images
Figure CN224835832U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a bearing, and more particularly to a self-aligning angular contact roller bearing. Background Technology
[0002] Self-aligning roller bearings are widely used in heavy machinery in industry, such as wind turbines, mining machinery, and rolling mills. Their spherical raceway design allows the bearing to automatically align itself, compensating for misalignment or skewness errors of the shaft. During use, the rollers, acting as rolling elements, roll on the spherical raceways, effectively bearing large radial and impact loads, ensuring stable operation of the equipment under vibration or impact environments. Angular contact bearings are commonly found in precision machine tools, automotive transmissions, and aero-engines. Their steel balls are arranged at a specific contact angle, allowing the bearing to simultaneously withstand axial and radial forces. Preload adjustment optimizes stiffness and rotational accuracy during use, making them suitable for high-speed rotation and precision transmission conditions. Paired or combined configurations can further enhance their overall performance.
[0003] However, existing angular contact ball bearings, with their steel rolling elements, have limited load-bearing capacity. Although they have a large contact angle and can withstand considerable axial and radial forces, they are prone to early fatigue and deformation under heavy loads or high-impact conditions. Self-aligning roller bearings, while having a larger load-bearing capacity and able to resist impact loads through spherical raceways, have a smaller contact angle and weaker axial load-bearing capacity, making them unsuitable for complex conditions requiring simultaneous large axial and radial forces. In complex conditions with extremely high overall load-bearing requirements and significant impact loads, such as heavy-duty construction machinery or high-speed heavy-duty transmission systems, neither conventional angular contact bearings nor self-aligning roller bearings can effectively balance load-bearing and impact resistance requirements, leading to reduced equipment reliability, frequent maintenance, or shortened lifespan. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a self-aligning angular contact roller bearing that balances load-bearing capacity and impact resistance under heavy load and high impact conditions.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-aligning angular contact roller bearing, comprising an outer ring and an inner ring, wherein a raceway is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring, and further comprising rollers rotating in the raceway; a self-aligning arc-shaped raceway is provided on the outer ring corresponding to the rollers, the self-aligning arc-shaped raceway being distributed across the entire inner diameter surface of the outer ring; an angular contact arc-shaped raceway is provided on the inner ring corresponding to the rollers, and inner ring flanges are provided on both sides of the angular contact arc-shaped raceway corresponding to the inner ring.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This bearing integrates self-aligning and angular contact functions through the combination of the self-aligning arc-shaped raceway on the outer ring and the angular contact arc-shaped raceway on the inner ring. The self-aligning arc-shaped raceway allows the bearing to automatically adjust its position under impact loads or shaft deflection, compensating for misalignment errors and improving impact resistance and adaptability. The angular contact arc-shaped raceway works in conjunction with the inner ring flange to form a stable contact angle, thereby simultaneously bearing larger axial and radial forces and enhancing overall load-bearing capacity. Compared to steel balls, rollers, as rolling elements, have a higher contact area and load distribution capacity, reducing stress concentration and making them suitable for heavy-load conditions. As a preferred design, the self-aligning arc-shaped raceway can be designed as a spherical profile with its curvature center located on the bearing centerline, allowing the roller to slide and adjust with the relative deflection of the outer and inner rings when rolling on it. The angular contact arc-shaped raceway can be designed as an inclined arc-shaped groove, with its inclined surface forming line contact with the roller, which, together with the axial limiting of the inner ring flange, ensures effective load transfer along the contact angle direction. This structure not only optimizes load distribution but also reduces friction and wear, extending the service life of bearings under complex operating conditions.
[0007] Furthermore, the angle between the contact normal of the roller at the contact point of the angular contact arc raceway and the contact point of the self-aligning arc raceway and the radial center line of the bearing is 30°.
[0008] Setting the contact angle to 30° optimizes the load distribution and motion characteristics of the bearing. This angle achieves a good balance between axial and radial loads, avoiding early fatigue caused by overload in one direction. With a 30° contact angle, the contact stress between the roller and the raceway is more uniform, improving the bearing's stiffness and stability, making it suitable for high-speed, heavy-load transmissions and other scenarios requiring simultaneous handling of multi-directional forces. As a preferred method, a 30° contact angle can be achieved by designing the geometry of the raceway surface. For example, the inclination angle of the angular contact arc raceway can be coordinated with the spherical tangent direction of the self-aligning arc raceway, ensuring that the contact point normal maintains a 30° angle throughout the rolling process. The roller profile can be designed as a symmetrical barrel shape or a logarithmic curve to fit the double raceway surface and reduce edge stress. This design not only enhances the bearing's load-carrying efficiency but also improves lubricant flow and reduces the risk of temperature rise.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a cage, which is provided with a placement groove for enclosing the rollers according to the number of rollers. The placement groove is open at one end and the opening of the placement groove is set towards the side end face of the inner ring away from the outer ring.
[0010] The cage guides and secures the rollers through placement grooves, preventing them from colliding with each other or dislodging from the raceway, thus improving operational smoothness. One end of the placement groove is open, facing the inner ring away from the outer ring, allowing the rollers to be stably positioned under the constraint of the inner ring flange. This also prevents the rollers from shifting towards the self-aligning arc raceway due to a large contact angle, ensuring the bearing's self-aligning function remains undisturbed. As a preferred option, the cage can be a split or integral structure, with the placement groove being U-shaped or semi-enclosed. Its bottom contour fits the outer surface of the roller, and the open side faces the inner ring end face. In this way, when the rollers are under axial force, they are primarily constrained by the inner ring flange, while the cage provides radial guidance through the groove wall. The placement groove material can be a wear-resistant polymer or metal composite material to reduce friction with the rollers. This structure simplifies the assembly process and enhances the bearing's reliability in vibration environments.
[0011] Furthermore, the area of the roller exposed outside the placement groove on the side of the placement groove facing the self-aligning arc raceway is smaller than the area of the roller exposed outside the placement groove on the side of the placement groove facing the angular contact arc raceway.
[0012] This asymmetrical exposure design allows the cage to provide more targeted constraints on different raceways. A smaller exposed area on the self-aligning arc raceway side means the cage covers the rollers more on this side, helping to suppress radial displacement during self-alignment and maintain the alignment of the rollers with the spherical raceway. A larger exposed area on the angular contact arc raceway side utilizes the axial limiting function of the inner ring flange to reduce excessive cage constraint, allowing the rollers to adapt more freely to changes in angular contact loads and optimizing stress transfer. As a preferred approach, the placement groove can be designed with an offset profile, where the groove wall on the side facing the self-aligning arc raceway is higher, covering most of the roller's side surface, forming a near-full enclosure; the groove wall on the side facing the angular contact arc raceway is lower, only surrounding a small area of the roller, allowing the roller to fine-tune its position under the guidance of the inner ring flange. In this way, during bearing operation, the rollers are adequately guided on the outer ring self-aligning raceway to withstand impacts, while on the inner ring angular contact raceway, axial stability is achieved through the flange, improving overall coordination.
[0013] Furthermore, the placement groove is provided with wrapping baffles on both sides of the self-aligning arc-shaped raceway side, and the contact area between the wrapping baffles and the roller gradually increases in the direction of the placement groove opening.
[0014] The progressively increasing contact area design of the flange enhances the cage's dynamic constraint on the rollers. On the self-aligning arc raceway side, the flange extends from the bottom of the placement groove towards the opening, providing progressively increasing guiding force. This effectively prevents the rollers from deviating from their correct track under high speed or impact, ensuring a smooth self-aligning process. This progressive constraint also reduces instantaneous impact between the cage and the rollers, lowering noise and wear risks. As a preferred approach, the flange can be designed as a flexible flap structure with its inner surface matching the roller profile. Starting from the bottom of the placement groove, the flange height increases linearly or curvilinearly along the opening direction, creating a progressive contact area in the direction where the rollers might deviate. The flange material can be elastic to absorb vibrations and allow for minor roller adjustments. This structure not only strengthens the radial positioning of the rollers but also improves lubrication film distribution through a smoothly transitioning contact surface, extending the bearing's durability under high-load conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of a single roller on the side of the groove facing the inner ring in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of a single roller on the side of the groove facing the outer ring in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0016] This utility model embodiment provides a self-aligning angular contact roller bearing, such as... Figure 1-4 As shown, the bearing includes an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2, rollers 3, and a cage 4. The outer ring 1 and inner ring 2 are coaxially arranged, forming a raceway between them, in which the rollers 3 rotate to transmit loads. A self-aligning arc-shaped raceway 11 is provided on the inner diameter surface of the outer ring 1, distributed across the entire inner diameter surface, enabling the bearing to self-align. An angular contact arc-shaped raceway 21 is provided on the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 2, and inner ring flanges 22 are provided on both sides of the angular contact arc-shaped raceway 21 to restrict the axial movement of the rollers 3.
[0017] At the contact points between roller 3 and the angular contact arc raceway 21 and the self-aligning arc raceway 11, the angle between the contact normal and the radial centerline of the bearing is 30°, meaning the contact angle of roller 3 is 30°. This helps the bearing to simultaneously withstand axial and radial loads. The cage 4 is located between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2. The cage 4 has a placement groove 41 corresponding to each roller 3, used to enclose the roller 3. The placement groove 41 is open at one end, facing the end face of the inner ring 2 away from the outer ring 1. In cross-sectional view, the outer ring 1 is located diagonally above the inner ring 2. This arrangement allows the bottom of the placement groove 41 to support the roller 3, preventing the roller 3 from shifting away from the self-aligning arc raceway 11 due to the large contact angle.
[0018] The placement groove 41 faces the self-aligning arc raceway 11, and the area of roller 3 exposed outside the placement groove 41 is smaller than the area of roller 3 exposed outside the placement groove 41 facing the angular contact arc raceway 21. Since the inner ring 2 has an inner ring flange 22, which strongly restricts the axial movement of roller 3, the cage 4 does not need to cover it excessively. However, the self-aligning arc raceway 11 of the outer ring 1 requires roller 3 to remain centered, so the cage 4 provides more coverage on the side of the self-aligning arc raceway 11. The placement groove 41 faces the self-aligning arc raceway 11, and has covering flanges 411 on both sides. The covering flanges 411 extend from the bottom of the placement groove 41 towards the opening of the placement groove 41, and the contact area between the covering flanges 411 and roller 3 gradually increases. This means that the area of roller 3 exposed outside the placement groove 41 is smaller near the opening, thus better restricting the position of roller 3 on the side of the self-aligning arc raceway 11.
[0019] In this self-aligning angular contact roller bearing, the roller 3 rolls between the self-aligning arc raceway 11 and the angular contact arc raceway 21 during operation. The self-aligning arc raceway 11 of the outer ring 1 allows the bearing to function normally even when there is a certain angular deviation between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, achieving the self-aligning function. The angular contact arc raceway 21 and the inner ring flange 22 of the inner ring 2 give the bearing the characteristics of an angular contact bearing, enabling it to withstand combined loads. The contact angle of the roller 3 is 30°, optimizing load distribution and improving the bearing's load-carrying capacity. The cage 4 ensures the correct position of the roller 3 through the placement groove 41 and the wrapping flange 411, preventing the roller 3 from shifting or falling off, thus enhancing the bearing's stability and service life.
[0020] The above embodiments are merely one preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model's technical solution are all included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A self-aligning angular contact roller bearing, comprising an outer ring and an inner ring, wherein a raceway is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring, characterized in that: It also includes rollers running in the raceway, and the outer ring is provided with self-aligning arc raceways corresponding to the rollers, the self-aligning arc raceways being distributed across the entire inner diameter surface of the outer ring; the inner ring is provided with angular contact arc raceways corresponding to the rollers, and inner ring retaining edges are provided on both sides of the angular contact arc raceways corresponding to the inner ring.
2. The self-aligning angular contact roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the contact normal of the roller at the contact point of the angular contact arc raceway and the contact point of the self-aligning arc raceway and the radial center line of the bearing is 30°.
3. The self-aligning angular contact roller bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a cage, which has a placement groove for enclosing the rollers according to the number of rollers. The placement groove is open at one end and the opening of the placement groove faces the side of the inner ring away from the outer ring.
4. The self-aligning angular contact roller bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The area of the roller exposed outside the placement groove on the side of the placement groove facing the self-aligning arc raceway is smaller than the area of the roller exposed outside the placement groove on the side of the placement groove facing the angular contact arc raceway.
5. The self-aligning angular contact roller bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The placement groove is provided with wrapping edges on both sides of the self-aligning arc-shaped raceway, and the contact area between the wrapping edges and the roller gradually increases in the direction of the placement groove opening.