A combined shock absorber and engineering machine

Abstract

This utility model discloses a combined shock absorber and engineering machinery, including a base, a top cover, a spring seat, spring I, and multiple springs II; the base has a vertically upward protruding mounting cavity I in the middle region, and multiple vertically upward protruding mounting cavities II are evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity I; the top cover has a vertically downward protruding mounting cavity III in the middle region, and multiple vertically downward protruding positioning posts are evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity III, with each positioning post corresponding to one mounting cavity II; the spring seat is arranged in the mounting cavity I of the base, and the spring seat has a mounting cavity IV; spring I is located in the spring mounting cavity formed by the mounting cavities III and IV, and multiple springs II are respectively arranged in the corresponding mounting cavities II; spring I and multiple springs II are used in parallel to form the shock-absorbing component of the shock absorber, and various different elastic combinations can be formed by adjusting the elastic coefficients of spring I and spring II.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a combined shock absorber, belonging to the field of engineering machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of promoting the electrification of construction machinery, the noise and vibration of the power system are significantly reduced due to the replacement of fuel engines with electric motors. This places higher demands on the noise and vibration of the whole machine in terms of human-machine interaction and driving comfort.

[0003] Shock absorbers for engineering vehicle cabs typically employ either silicone oil or rubber. These shock absorbers are developed to suit different machine models by adjusting the material composition based on the overall cab load and the vibration frequencies of the engine and hydraulic pump. For fuel-powered excavators, the entire machine generally experiences low-frequency vibrations, while electric excavators exhibit a wide range of high-frequency vibrations. Therefore, shock absorbers with varying stiffnesses need to be developed for the same cab model. This results in a wide variety of shock absorber types, potentially causing confusion in production and usage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To adapt to the need for more adjustable elasticity and rigidity, this utility model provides a combined shock absorber that adjusts the internal spring and damping parameters according to the load conditions to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0005] This utility model is achieved according to the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this utility model provides a combined shock absorber, comprising: The base has a vertically upward protruding mounting cavity I in its central area, and the base has a plurality of vertically upward protruding mounting cavities II evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity I; The top cover has a vertically downward protruding mounting cavity Ⅲ in its central area. The top cover has a plurality of vertically downward protruding positioning posts evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity Ⅲ, and each positioning post corresponds to one mounting cavity Ⅱ. A spring seat is arranged in the mounting cavity I of the base, and the spring seat is provided with a mounting cavity IV; Spring I and multiple springs II are connected together with the base and the top cover. The mounting cavity I is located in the mounting cavity III. Spring I is located in the spring mounting cavity formed by the mounting cavities III and IV. The multiple springs II are respectively arranged in the corresponding mounting cavities II, and the springs II protrude from the mounting cavities II. The positioning post is inserted into the spring II. Spring I and the surrounding springs II are used in parallel to form the damping component of the shock absorber, and various different elastic combinations can be formed by adjusting the elastic coefficients of spring I and spring II.

[0006] In some embodiments, a vertically protruding receiving cavity is provided in the central region of the base and around the mounting cavity I, the receiving cavity containing hydraulic oil; the base and the top cover are snapped together, and the receiving cavity is located in the mounting cavity III; the circumferential surface of the annulus a between the receiving cavity and the mounting cavity I is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the circumferential surface of the outer annulus in the spring seat is provided with a plurality of small holes, so that the hydraulic oil in the receiving cavity can flow into the spring seat, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the spring seat can flow back into the receiving cavity, thereby forming a hydraulic oil circulation system between the base and the spring seat.

[0007] In some embodiments, the inner ring of the spring seat has a plurality of small holes on its circumferential surface, and the flowing hydraulic oil causes an oil film to be formed between the outer wall of the inner ring and the inner wall of the outer ring of the spring seat for lubrication.

[0008] In some embodiments, a sealing gasket is installed on the top surface of the annulus b that forms the receiving cavity. The sealing gasket seals the hydraulic oil in the receiving cavity on the one hand, and dampens the upper cover on the other.

[0009] In some embodiments, the top surface of the ring b is provided with a mounting groove, and the sealing gasket is provided with a protrusion on the bottom surface facing the ring b. The protrusion is engaged in the mounting groove, and the inner circumferential surface of the sealing gasket is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the ring a.

[0010] In some embodiments, the spring seat has at least one sealing ring between its circumferential surfaces facing the base, and the hydraulic oil has both a sealing and lubricating effect on the sealing ring.

[0011] In some embodiments, the base has a vertically upward extending cylinder a at its center, and a vertically upward extending ring a around the cylinder a, forming the mounting cavity I between the ring a and the cylinder a; the top cover has a vertically downward extending cylinder b at its center, and a vertically downward extending ring c around the cylinder b, forming the mounting cavity III between the ring c and the cylinder b.

[0012] In some embodiments, both cylinder a and cylinder b have through holes at their centers, the through holes in cylinder b are threaded holes, the bottom of the mounting cavity II is threaded holes, the base is connected to the bracket by bolts, and the top cover is connected to the load by bolts, thus realizing independent connection between the base and the top cover.

[0013] In some embodiments, the mounting cavity II is provided with a step, and the spring II is inserted into the mounting cavity II, with the step providing axial restraint; and / or, The bottom surface of the upper cover has a groove at the center of the mounting cavity III, and the top of the spring I is inserted into the groove.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model provides an engineering machinery, including the aforementioned combined shock absorber.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention provides a combined shock absorber that adapts to different load conditions by adjusting spring parameters. It is low in cost, easy to replace, and convenient to adjust. It has the characteristics of wide applicability, convenient maintenance, and easy replacement. It is of great significance for reducing the types of parts and lowering material costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, as part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a combined shock absorber according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the base of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the top cover of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the spring seat of this utility model; Figure 5 Here are structural diagrams of the spring of this utility model (a is the structural diagram of spring I, and b is the structural diagram of spring II); Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the sealing gasket of this utility model (a is a perspective view, b is a cross-sectional view).

[0018] Attached diagram labels: 1-base, 2-top cover, 3-spring seat, 4-spring I, 5-sealing gasket, 6-spring II; 101-Mounting cavity I, 102-Mounting cavity II, 103-Ring a, 104-Ring b, 105-Cylinder a, 106-Receiving cavity; 201-Positioning post, 202-Mounting cavity III, 203-Ring c, 204-Cylinder b; 301-Installation cavity IV.

[0019] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Engineering vehicle cab shock absorbers use silicone oil shock absorbers or rubber shock absorbers; however, the above shock absorption methods have the following shortcomings: 1) Narrow applicability. The same shock absorber can only be used in a limited number of models, and it is not compatible with fuel-powered and electric models.

[0024] 2) Stiffness parameters cannot be adjusted. Stiffness is determined by the material composition and cannot be adjusted for adaptive stiffness parameters and vibration amplitude.

[0025] 3) Unrepairable. If the shock absorber is damaged internally, it can only be replaced as a whole, and cannot be repaired or replaced, which increases the operating cost.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, a combined shock absorber includes a base 1, a top cover 2, a spring seat 3, spring I 4, and multiple springs II 6. The base 1 has a vertically upward protruding mounting cavity I 101 in its central region, and multiple vertically upward protruding mounting cavities II 102 are evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity I 101. The top cover 2 has a vertically downward protruding mounting cavity III 202 in its central region, and multiple vertically downward protruding positioning posts 201 are evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity III 202, with each positioning post 201 corresponding to one mounting cavity II 102. The spring seat 3 is arranged... In the mounting cavity I101 of the base 1, the spring seat 3 is provided with mounting cavity IV301; the base 1 and the upper cover 2 are snapped together, the mounting cavity I101 is located in the mounting cavity III202, the spring I4 is located in the spring mounting cavity formed by the mounting cavity III202 and the mounting cavity IV301, and multiple springs II6 are respectively arranged in the corresponding mounting cavities II102, and the springs II6 protrude from the mounting cavities II102, and the positioning post 201 passes through the springs II6; the spring I4 and the surrounding springs II6 are used in parallel to form the damping component of the shock absorber, and various different elastic combinations are formed by adjusting the elastic coefficients of the springs I4 and II6.

[0027] As can be seen from the above, this utility model uses a spring I4 (large spring) and multiple springs II6 (small springs) to form an overall shock absorption system. The springs are used in parallel, and springs with different stiffnesses can be selected according to actual needs and combined to form shock absorbers with different stiffnesses to meet the shock absorption adjustment needs of different models. At the same time, the ride comfort can be further improved by adjusting the spring specifications at different stages of use.

[0028] Further options, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a vertically protruding receiving cavity 106 is provided in the central area of ​​the base 1 and around the mounting cavity I 101. The receiving cavity 106 contains hydraulic oil. The base 1 and the upper cover 2 are snapped together, and the receiving cavity 106 is located in the mounting cavity III 202. The circumferential surface of the annulus a103 between the receiving cavity 106 and the mounting cavity I 101 is provided with multiple small holes, and the circumferential surface of the outer annulus of the spring seat 3 is provided with multiple small holes, so that the hydraulic oil in the receiving cavity 106 can flow into the spring seat 3, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the spring seat 3 can flow back into the receiving cavity 106, thereby forming a hydraulic oil circulation system between the base 1 and the spring seat 3. In addition to the shock absorption and buffering effect, the flowing hydraulic oil also conducts the heat generated by the repeated compression of the spring I 4, extending the service life of the spring I 4.

[0029] Further options, such as Figure 4As shown, the inner ring of the spring seat 3 has multiple small holes on its circumferential surface. The flowing hydraulic oil causes the outer wall of the inner ring and the inner wall of the outer ring of the spring seat 3 to form an oil film for lubrication, so as to adapt to the high-frequency vibration of the spring I4.

[0030] Further options, such as Figure 1 As shown, a sealing gasket 5 is installed on the top surface of the annulus b104 that forms the receiving cavity 106. The sealing gasket 5 seals the hydraulic oil in the receiving cavity 106 on the one hand, and dampens the upper cover 2 on the other hand.

[0031] Preferred solutions, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the top surface of the ring b104 is provided with a mounting groove, and the sealing gasket 5 is provided with a protrusion on the bottom surface facing the ring b104. The protrusion is engaged in the mounting groove, and the inner circumferential surface of the sealing gasket 5 is tightly attached to the outer circumferential surface of the ring a103.

[0032] In a further embodiment, the spring seat 3 has at least one sealing ring between its circumferential surfaces facing the base 1, and the hydraulic oil has both a sealing and lubricating effect on the sealing ring.

[0033] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the aforementioned base and top cover.

[0034] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the base 1 has a vertically upward extending cylinder a105 at its center, and a vertically upward extending ring a103 around the cylinder a105, forming a mounting cavity I101 between the ring a103 and the cylinder a105; the upper cover 2 has a vertically downward extending cylinder b204 at its center, and a vertically downward extending ring c203 around the cylinder b204, forming a mounting cavity III202 between the ring c203 and the cylinder b204.

[0035] In a further embodiment, both cylinder a105 and cylinder b204 have through holes at their centers, with the through holes in cylinder b204 being threaded holes. The bottom of mounting cavity II102 is also threaded. The base 1 is connected to the bracket by bolts, and the top cover 2 is connected to the load by bolts, thus achieving independent connection between the base 1 and the top cover 2.

[0036] Further options, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, a step is provided in the mounting cavity II 102, and the spring II 6 is inserted into the mounting cavity II 102, which is axially limited by the step; the bottom surface of the upper cover 2 is provided with a groove at the center of the mounting cavity III 202, and the top of the spring I 4 is inserted into the groove.

[0037] Working Principle: The combined shock absorber consists of a top cover 2 that holds spring I4 and four surrounding springs II6 within the base 1. By adjusting the elastic coefficients of spring I4 and the surrounding springs II6, various elastic combinations can be formed. Simultaneously, appropriate springs are selected to create elastic shock absorbers of different stiffnesses based on different loads and amplitude requirements. A hydraulic oil circulation shock absorption system is formed in the sealed space between the spring seat 3 and the base 1. The hydraulic oil circulation is damped by small holes in the central ring of the base 1, which not only provides shock absorption and cushioning but also conducts the heat generated by repeated compression of spring I4, extending its service life. The hydraulic oil provides both sealing and lubrication to the sealing rings of the spring seat 4 and the base 1. The sealing gasket 5, in addition to sealing the hydraulic oil between the spring seat 3 and the base 1, also provides shock absorption and noise reduction to the top cover 2 during operation. The two layers of small holes in the inner and outer rings of the spring seat 3 form an oil film for lubrication, accommodating the high-frequency vibration of spring I4.

[0038] Usage: Using the internal threads in the four mounting cavities II102 around the base 1 for mounting springs II6, the base 1 is connected to the bracket by bolts; the top cover 2 is connected to the load by bolts through the central internal thread hole, allowing for independent connection between the base 1 and the top cover 2, suitable for various vibration frequencies and amplitude requirements. A through bolt can be installed in the middle of the combined shock absorber, and an elastic washer can be added to the nut side to provide pre-tightening and overall limiting.

[0039] In summary, this utility model provides a combined shock absorber that achieves the following functions and effects: 1. The combination shock absorber can be used to form different combinations by adjusting the elastic coefficients of the central large spring and the four peripheral small springs, so as to meet the needs of different products and facilitate maintenance and replacement.

[0040] 2. It adopts an internal circulation hydraulic shock absorption and buffer system and an oil film self-lubricating structure. In addition to the shock absorption and buffering effect, it also conducts the heat generated by the repeated compression of the spring, thus extending the service life of the spring.

[0041] 3. The base and the top cover are independently connected, which is suitable for various vibration occasions and can prevent the connection from becoming loose due to vibration.

[0042] The following describes the engineering machinery provided by this utility model. The engineering machinery described below can be referred to in correspondence with the combined shock absorber described above.

[0043] The engineering machinery provided by this utility model may include a combined shock absorber as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0044] The beneficial effects achieved by the engineering machinery provided by this utility model are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the combined shock absorber provided by this utility model, so they will not be repeated here.

[0045] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0046] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A combined shock absorber, characterized in that, include: The base has a vertically upward protruding mounting cavity I in its central area, and the base has a plurality of vertically upward protruding mounting cavities II evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity I; The top cover has a vertically downward protruding mounting cavity Ⅲ in its central area. The top cover has a plurality of vertically downward protruding positioning posts evenly spaced around the periphery of the mounting cavity Ⅲ, and each positioning post corresponds to one mounting cavity Ⅱ. A spring seat is arranged in the mounting cavity I of the base, and the spring seat is provided with a mounting cavity IV; Spring I and multiple springs II are provided. The base and the top cover are snapped together. The mounting cavity I is located in the mounting cavity III. Spring I is located in the spring mounting cavity formed by the mounting cavity III and the mounting cavity IV. The multiple springs II are respectively arranged in the corresponding mounting cavities II, and the springs II protrude from the mounting cavities II. The positioning post passes through the springs II. Spring I and its surrounding spring II are connected in parallel to form the damping components of the shock absorber, and various different elastic combinations can be formed by adjusting the elastic coefficients of spring I and spring II.

2. The combined shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a vertically protruding receiving cavity in the middle area and around the mounting cavity I, the receiving cavity containing hydraulic oil; the base and the top cover are snapped together, and the receiving cavity is located in the mounting cavity III; The annulus a between the receiving cavity and the mounting cavity I has multiple small holes on its circumferential surface, and the outer annulus in the spring seat has multiple small holes on its circumferential surface, so that the hydraulic oil in the receiving cavity can flow into the spring seat, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the spring seat can flow back into the receiving cavity, thereby forming a hydraulic oil circulation system between the base and the spring seat.

3. A combined shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner ring of the spring seat has multiple small holes on its circumferential surface. The flowing hydraulic oil causes an oil film to be formed between the outer wall of the inner ring and the inner wall of the outer ring of the spring seat for lubrication.

4. A combined shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is installed on the top surface of the annulus b that forms the receiving cavity. The sealing gasket seals the hydraulic oil in the receiving cavity on the one hand, and dampens the upper cover on the other.

5. A combined shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the ring b is provided with a mounting groove, and the bottom surface of the sealing gasket facing the ring b is provided with a protrusion. The protrusion is engaged in the mounting groove, and the inner circumferential surface of the sealing gasket is tightly attached to the outer circumferential surface of the ring a.

6. A combined shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring seat has at least one sealing ring between its circumferential surfaces facing the base, and the hydraulic oil has the functions of sealing and lubrication of the sealing ring.

7. A combined shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a vertically upward extending cylinder a at its center, and a vertically upward extending ring a around the cylinder a. The mounting cavity I is formed between the ring a and the cylinder a. The top cover has a vertically downward extending cylinder b at its center, and a vertically downward extending ring c around the cylinder b. The mounting cavity Ⅲ is formed between the ring c and the cylinder b.

8. A combined shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both cylinder a and cylinder b have through holes at their centers, with the through hole in cylinder b being a threaded hole. The bottom of the mounting cavity II is also a threaded hole. The base is connected to the bracket by bolts, and the top cover is connected to the load by bolts, thus achieving independent connection between the base and the top cover.

9. A combined shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting cavity II is provided with a step, and the spring II is inserted into the mounting cavity II, with the step providing axial restraint; and / or, The bottom surface of the upper cover has a groove at the center of the mounting cavity III, and the top of the spring I is inserted into the groove.

10. An engineering machinery, characterized in that: Includes the combined shock absorber as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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