A decelerator and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a speed reducer and a vehicle. The speed reducer comprises a housing, a transmission assembly, an adjusting nut and a locking piece. The transmission assembly is located in the housing, the transmission assembly comprises a bearing, the adjusting nut is connected with the bearing, and the locking piece is installed on the housing. The locking piece comprises at least two fixedly connected or integrally formed locking parts, and the locking parts are used for limiting position cooperation with the adjusting nut to limit the movement of the adjusting nut relative to the housing. In the scheme, at least two locking parts are arranged to limit position cooperation with the adjusting nut, the connection reliability between the adjusting nut and the bearing can be improved, sufficient pre-tightening force is loaded on the bearing, meanwhile, the design can better cope with the extreme working condition that the adjusting nut is loose, can better limit the rotation of the adjusting nut, reduces the risk of problems such as bearing failure and seizure of the speed reducer, and improves the safety performance of the speed reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical transmission technology, and in particular to a speed reducer and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the application of speed reducers in mechanical transmission systems, a large number of bearing mechanisms are required. When facing high torque conditions, tapered bearings are necessary, and sufficient preload is required during the operation of tapered bearings to ensure connection stability. However, existing speed reducers do not provide sufficient preload for the bearings, resulting in the risk of bearing loosening, failure, or seizure. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a speed reducer and a vehicle that can improve the problem of insufficient bearing preload in the speed reducer, reduce the risk of bearing loosening, failure or seizure, and improve the safety performance of the vehicle.

[0004] This application provides a speed reducer, which includes a housing, a transmission assembly, an adjusting nut, and a locking member. The transmission assembly is located within the housing and includes a bearing. The adjusting nut is connected to the bearing, and the locking member is mounted on the housing.

[0005] The locking member includes at least two locking parts that are fixedly connected or integrally formed. The locking parts are used to limit the movement of the adjusting nut relative to the housing.

[0006] In this design, at least two locking parts are provided to cooperate with the adjusting nut for limiting. This improves the reliability of the connection between the adjusting nut and the bearing, and provides sufficient preload to the bearing. At the same time, this design can better cope with extreme working conditions where the adjusting nut becomes loose, better limit the rotation of the adjusting nut, reduce the risk of bearing failure and seizure in the reducer, and improve the safety performance of the reducer.

[0007] Optionally, the locking member further includes a body portion, which is integrally formed with the locking member and is detachably mounted on the housing.

[0008] In this design, the integrated molding of the main body and the locking part improves the structural strength of the locking component, enhances the reinforcement effect of the locking component on the adjusting nut, facilitates the installation and maintenance of the locking component, simplifies the assembly process, and reduces the maintenance cost of the reducer.

[0009] Optionally, the locking portion includes a bent section and an abutting section, one end of the bent section being connected to the abutting section and the other end being connected to the body portion, the bent section being bent relative to the body portion. The adjusting nut has at least two mounting slots, and each of the abutting sections can extend into each of the mounting slots respectively.

[0010] In this design, the bent section bends towards the adjusting nut relative to the main body, making the outer surface of the bent section relatively smooth. This reduces the risk of wear on the locking part from the external environment and improves the strength of the locking part, meaning it is less prone to breakage. The abutment section connects to the bent section and is used for limiting the fit with the mounting groove, improving the reliability of the connection between the locking part and the adjusting nut.

[0011] Optionally, the bent segments have arc-shaped openings.

[0012] In this design, the arc-shaped opening reduces the amount of material used in the locking component, thereby lowering the manufacturing cost. The arc-shaped opening also helps to avoid interference or influence from other components in the reducer during the reducer's operation.

[0013] Optionally, multiple mounting grooves are distributed in a ring shape on the adjusting nut.

[0014] In this design, multiple mounting slots are arranged in a ring on the adjusting nut, which facilitates the fit between the locking component and the adjusting nut and reduces the difficulty of installing them. The locking component can be matched with appropriate mounting slots as needed, improving the accuracy of the limiting fit between the locking component and the adjusting nut, and enhancing the reliability of the connection between them.

[0015] Optionally, the body portion further includes a first through hole, and the body portion is connected to the housing by a fastener, the fastener passing through the first through hole.

[0016] In this design, the first through hole is used for fasteners to pass through the connecting locking member and the housing, which improves the connection reliability between the locking member and the housing. When the fastener is installed, the fastener can move slightly within the first through hole according to the tightness of the adjusting nut, so as to ensure that the adjusting nut applies sufficient preload to the bearing.

[0017] Optionally, the first through hole is arc-shaped, and the center of the first through hole overlaps with the center of the adjusting nut.

[0018] In this design, when the adjusting nut and locking component are fixedly connected, the locking part and the adjusting nut are connected by a triangular force. The fastener can be adjusted to a suitable position within the arc-shaped first through hole to match the adjusting nut according to its reinforcement requirements, thus improving the connection stability between the locking component and the adjusting nut. In the event of unexpected loosening of the adjusting nut, the concentric arrangement of the first through hole and the adjusting nut allows the locking component to effectively suppress the rotation of the adjusting nut in the same direction, reducing the rotation angle of the adjusting nut relative to the housing, thereby reducing the risk of bearing failure or seizure.

[0019] Optionally, the central angle of the first through hole is α, where 15°≤α≤25°.

[0020] In this design, the fastener's movement path within the first through hole is moderate, and the first through hole provides ample installation space for the fastener. Simultaneously, when the adjusting nut becomes loose, the fastener will rotate slightly along the first through hole as the adjusting nut rotates. The locking component provides a certain buffering effect on the adjusting nut, preventing the locking part from disengaging from the mounting groove. This helps the locking component suppress the rotation angle of the adjusting nut.

[0021] Optionally, the adjusting nut has a second through hole at its center.

[0022] In this design, the second through hole in the adjusting nut reduces the material and manufacturing cost of the adjusting nut. The second through hole is used to observe the fit between the adjusting nut and the bearing, which is beneficial for the maintenance and replacement of the reducer.

[0023] In another aspect, this application provides a vehicle including a motor and a reducer. The reducer is connected to the motor to transmit torque from the motor.

[0024] The speed reducer is the speed reducer described above.

[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a speed reducer structure in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the adjusting nut and the locking element in this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A front view from a specific perspective; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking element in this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1- Shell; 2- Transmission components; 20-Bearing; 211-First stage main gear shaft; 212 - First-stage follower gear; 221-Secondary main gear shaft; 222-Secondary driven gear; 23-Drive shaft; 3- Adjusting nut; 31-Mounting slot; 32 - Second through hole; 4- Locking components; 41-Locking part; 411-bending section; 412 - Connecting Section; 42-Ontology part; 421 - First through hole; 43-Arch-shaped opening; 5. Fasteners.

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0032] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0033] This application provides a vehicle including an electric motor and a speed reducer. The electric motor provides energy output to the vehicle, and the speed reducer is connected to the electric motor to transmit torque from the electric motor.

[0034] A speed reducer reduces speed and increases torque. It connects to the motor via a gear set inside the speed reducer, reducing the motor's speed and increasing torque to drive the vehicle.

[0035] The vehicles can be gasoline-powered vehicles, natural gas-powered vehicles, or new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. This application does not specifically limit the type of vehicle.

[0036] Existing mechanical transmission system reducers often utilize a large number of bearing mechanisms. For high torque conditions, tapered bearings are typically used in the transmission components, which place high demands on the preload and load during operation.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, when a tapered bearing is used in the transmission assembly 2, the common method for applying the preload to the tapered bearing is to reinforce it with an adjusting nut 3. For mechanisms using the adjusting nut 3, existing technologies typically employ a single-claw locking member 4, meaning the adjusting nut 3 and the locking member 4 are connected in a linear force-bearing configuration. This structure lacks sufficient fixing capacity for the adjusting nut 3, and under extreme operating conditions, it may loosen, leading to abnormal changes in the tapered bearing preload, potentially causing bearing failure or seizure, posing a safety hazard during vehicle operation.

[0038] To solve this technical problem, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a speed reducer, which includes a housing 1, a transmission assembly 2, an adjusting nut 3, and a locking element 4.

[0039] The transmission assembly 2 is located inside the housing 1. The transmission assembly 2 includes a bearing 20, an adjusting nut 3 connected to the bearing 20, and a locking member 4 installed in the housing 1.

[0040] The locking member 4 includes at least two locking parts 41 that are fixedly connected or integrally formed. The locking parts 41 are used to limit the movement of the adjusting nut 3 relative to the housing 1.

[0041] Specifically, the housing 1 protects the transmission assembly 2, and the bearing 20 is the aforementioned tapered bearing. One end of the locking member 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 by a fastener 5, so that the locking part 41 at the other end can stably engage with the adjusting nut 3, thereby abutting the adjusting nut 3 against the outer ring of the bearing 20 and providing preload to the bearing 20, thus restricting the rotation of the adjusting nut 3 relative to the housing 1.

[0042] The following is a detailed description using the example of locking member 4 having two locking parts 41, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, when the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3 are engaged in a limiting fit, compared to the single-claw linear force-bearing connection in the prior art, the locking part 41 and the fastener 5 in this embodiment are triangularly distributed, that is, the adjusting nut 3 and the locking member 4 are in a triangular force-bearing connection, which has higher connection strength and improves the connection stability between the adjusting nut 3 and the bearing 20, meeting the preload requirements of the bearing 20. At the same time, when the reducer accidentally loosens, the triangular force-bearing connection between the adjusting nut 3 and the locking member 4, compared to the single-claw linear force-bearing connection in the prior art, allows for a smaller angle of abnormal rotation of the adjusting nut 3, which can better restrict the rotation of the adjusting nut 3 relative to the housing 1, preventing problems such as bearing 20 failure or seizing.

[0043] In this embodiment, at least two locking parts 41 are provided to limit the engagement of the adjusting nut 3, which can improve the connection reliability between the adjusting nut 3 and the bearing 20, and apply sufficient preload to the bearing 20. At the same time, this design can better cope with the extreme working condition of the adjusting nut 3 loosening, better limit the rotation of the adjusting nut 3, reduce the risk of bearing 20 failure and seizure in the reducer, and improve the safety performance of the reducer.

[0044] In addition, compared with the traditional reducer that uses multiple single-claw locking buckles to improve the connection strength of the adjusting nut 3, this application uses only one locking element 4 to apply the preload required by the bearing 20, which has a better limiting effect on the adjusting nut 3. It has the advantages of simpler structure, simpler installation steps, and lower manufacturing cost.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment, the transmission assembly 2 further includes a primary main gear shaft 211, a primary driven gear 212, a secondary main gear shaft 221, a secondary driven gear 222, and a drive shaft 23. The motor is connected to the primary main gear shaft 211 via a spline, transmitting torque from the motor to the accelerator, and finally outputting it to the next connecting component in the vehicle via the drive shaft 23 in the reducer. The torque transmission path inside the reducer is specifically: primary main gear shaft 211 – primary driven gear 212 – secondary main gear shaft 221 – secondary driven gear 222 – drive shaft 23.

[0046] Specifically, the primary main gear shaft 211 is fixed to the reducer housing 1 via a ball bearing 20, and the primary driven gear 212 is fixed to the secondary main gear shaft 221. As the torque transmitted within the reducer increases, the radial and axial forces received on the secondary main gear shaft 221 are relatively large; therefore, a tapered bearing, i.e., bearing 20 in this application, is required. The tapered bearing requires a certain axial preload to ensure its normal operation. The adjusting nut 3 is fixed to the reducer housing 1 via a fastener 5, and the axial preload on the tapered bearing is achieved by tightening the torque. After adjusting to a certain preload, a double-claw locking member 4 is used to prevent the adjusting nut 3 from loosening.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the locking member 4 also includes a body part 42, which is integrally formed with the locking part 41, and the body part 42 can be detachably installed on the housing 1.

[0048] Combination Figures 2 to 5 The main body 42 is mounted on the housing 1 by fasteners 5.

[0049] In this embodiment, the integral molding design of the main body 42 and the locking part 41 improves the structural strength of the locking part 4, enhances the reinforcement effect of the locking part 4 on the adjusting nut 3, facilitates the installation and maintenance of the locking part 4, simplifies the assembly process, and reduces the maintenance cost of the reducer.

[0050] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, the locking part 41 includes a bent section 411 and an abutting section 412. One end of the bent section 411 is connected to the abutting section 412, and the other end is connected to the main body part 42. The bent section 411 is bent relative to the main body part 42.

[0051] Combination Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the adjusting nut 3 has at least two mounting slots 31, and each abutment section 412 can extend into each mounting slot 31.

[0052] In this embodiment, the bent section 411 bends relative to the main body 42 towards the side closer to the adjusting nut 3, making the outer surface of the bent section 411 relatively smooth. This reduces the risk of wear on the locking part 41 from the external environment and improves the strength of the locking part 41, meaning that the locking part 41 is less prone to breakage. The abutting section 412 is connected to the bent section 411 and is used for limiting the engagement with the mounting groove 31, improving the reliability of the connection between the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3.

[0053] Furthermore, the contact surface between the abutting section 412 and the mounting groove 31 can be configured as an arc shape, a prism shape, etc., to increase the static friction between the abutting section 412 and the mounting groove 31, and to improve the connection strength between the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3. This application does not limit the specific shape of the contact surface between the abutting section 412 and the mounting groove 31.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, there are arc-shaped openings 43 between the bent sections 411.

[0055] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped opening 43 reduces the amount of material used in the locking member 4, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. The arc-shaped opening 43 also serves to avoid other components in the reducer, reducing the interference or influence of other components on the locking member 4 during the movement of the reducer.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, multiple mounting slots 31 are distributed in a ring on the adjusting nut 3.

[0057] In this embodiment, multiple mounting slots 31 are arranged in a ring on the adjusting nut 3, which facilitates the fit between the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3 and reduces the difficulty of installing the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3. The locking member 4 can be matched with appropriate mounting slots 31 according to the situation, which improves the accuracy of the limiting fit between the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3 and improves the reliability of the connection between the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the body part 42 also includes a first through hole 421. The body part 42 is connected to the housing 1 by a fastener 5, which passes through the first through hole 421.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first through hole 421 is used for the fastener 5 to pass through the connecting locking member 4 and the housing 1, which improves the connection reliability between the locking member 4 and the housing 1. When the fastener 5 is installed, the fastener 5 can move slightly within the first through hole 421 according to the tightness of the adjusting nut 3, so as to ensure that the adjusting nut 3 applies sufficient preload to the bearing 20.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first through hole 421 is arc-shaped, and the center of the first through hole 421 overlaps with the center of the adjusting nut 3.

[0061] In this embodiment, the center of the arc-shaped first through hole 421 overlaps with the center of the adjusting nut 3. When the adjusting nut 3 is fixedly connected to the locking member 4, the locking part 41 and the adjusting nut 3 are connected by a triangular force. The fastener 5 can be adjusted to a suitable position within the arc-shaped first through hole 421 to cooperate with the adjusting nut 3 according to the reinforcement requirements, thereby improving the connection stability between the locking member 4 and the adjusting nut 3. When the adjusting nut 3 becomes loose, the concentric arrangement of the first through hole 421 and the adjusting nut 3 allows the locking member 4 to effectively suppress the rotation of the adjusting nut 3 in the same direction, reducing the rotation angle of the adjusting nut 3 relative to the housing 1, and thus reducing the risk of failure or seizure of the bearing 20.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the angle of the first through hole 421 is α, 15°≤α≤25°. For example, the central angle α of the first through hole 421 can be 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19°, 20°, 21°, 22°, 23°, 24°, 25°, etc.

[0063] The central angle α of the first through hole 421 should not be too large or too small. If the central angle α of the first through hole 421 is too large (for example, greater than 25°), the movement path of the fastener 5 in the first through hole 421 will be too long. When the adjusting nut 3 becomes loose, the fastener 5 will rotate significantly along the first through hole 421 as the adjusting nut 3 rotates, which is not conducive to the locking part 4 suppressing the rotation angle of the adjusting nut 3. If the central angle α of the first through hole 421 is too small (for example, less than 15°), the movement path of the fastener 5 in the first through hole 421 will be too short, which is not conducive to the installation of the fastener 5. When the adjusting nut 3 becomes loose, the fastener 5 cannot move along the first through hole 421. Under the instantaneous impact force of the adjusting nut 3, the locking part 41 is easily disengaged from the mounting groove 31, causing the bearing 20 to fail and increasing the safety hazard.

[0064] Therefore, in this embodiment, the central angle α of the first through hole 421 should be selected within a suitable range. That is, when the central angle α of the first through hole 421 satisfies 15°≤α≤25°, the movement path of the fastener 5 within the first through hole 421 is moderate, and the first through hole 421 can provide sufficient installation space for the fastener 5. At the same time, when the adjusting nut 3 becomes loose, the fastener 5 will rotate slightly along the first through hole 421 as the adjusting nut 3 rotates. The locking member 4 has a certain buffering effect on the adjusting nut 3, so that the locking part 41 will not disengage from the mounting groove 31, which is beneficial to the locking member 4 suppressing the rotation angle of the adjusting nut 3.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the center position of the adjusting nut 3 has a second through hole 32.

[0066] Combination Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustment nut 3 is provided with a second through hole 32, which reduces the material and manufacturing cost of the adjustment nut 3. The second through hole 32 is used to observe the fit between the adjustment nut 3 and the bearing 20, which is beneficial for the maintenance and replacement of the reducer.

[0067] The above descriptions are merely specific implementations of the embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A speed reducer, characterized in that, The speed reducer includes: Shell (1); Transmission assembly (2), the transmission assembly (2) is located inside the housing (1), the transmission assembly (2) includes a bearing (20); Adjusting nut (3), which is connected to bearing (20); Locking element (4), which is installed on the housing (1); The locking member (4) includes at least two locking parts (41) that are fixedly connected or integrally formed. The locking parts (41) are used to limit the movement of the adjusting nut (3) relative to the housing (1).

2. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking member (4) also includes a body part (42), which is integrally formed with the locking part (41), and the body part (42) is detachably installed on the housing (1).

3. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking part (41) includes a bent section (411) and an abutting section (412). One end of the bent section (411) is connected to the abutting section (412), and the other end is connected to the body part (42). The bent section (411) is bent relative to the body part (42). The adjusting nut (3) has at least two mounting slots (31), and each of the abutting sections (412) can extend into each of the mounting slots (31).

4. The reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are arc-shaped openings (43) between the bent sections (411).

5. The reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple mounting slots (31) are arranged in a ring on the adjusting nut (3).

6. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The body part (42) further includes a first through hole (421), and the body part (42) is connected to the housing (1) by a fastener (5), which passes through the first through hole (421).

7. The reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first through hole (421) is arc-shaped, and the center of the first through hole (421) overlaps with the center of the adjusting nut (3).

8. The reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central angle of the first through hole (421) is α, 15°≤α≤25°.

9. The reducer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The adjusting nut (3) has a second through hole (32) at its center.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicles include: Electric motor; A speed reducer connected to the motor to transmit torque from the motor; The speed reducer is the speed reducer described in any one of claims 1-9.

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