Speed reducer and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of reducer and vehicle, it is related to vehicle technical field, wherein, reducer includes: shell, shaft hole is equipped on shell, and shaft hole is used to install oil seal;Oil way, it is arranged on shell and is used to receive the oil leakage of oil seal, one end of oil way is communicated with shaft hole, and the other end of oil way is communicated with the outside of shell;And one-way conduction structure, it is arranged in oil way, and oil way can be conducted in the direction of shaft hole to the outside of shell. The reducer provided by the utility model not only facilitates to observe oil leakage condition, but also prevents the pollution of external impurities in the reducer, improves the reliability of use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a speed reducer and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicle technology, electric drive axles are being used more and more widely. In this type of axle, the reducer relies on reducer oil for lubrication during operation. To prevent reducer oil leakage, an oil seal needs to be installed at the drive shaft. At the same time, oil passages are installed on the reducer housing. Leaking oil will flow out from the oil passages, and the oil seal sealing performance is tested by observing the oil stains. However, this testing method is prone to allowing external moisture, dust and other particles to enter the main reducer, thereby affecting the normal operation and service life of key components such as drive motor, gears, and bearings. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a speed reducer and a vehicle, which aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a speed reducer, comprising: A housing, wherein the housing is provided with a shaft hole for installing an oil seal; An oil passage, provided on the housing and used to receive oil leakage from the oil seal, one end of the oil passage communicating with the shaft hole, and the other end of the oil passage communicating with the outside of the housing; and A unidirectional flow structure is provided inside the oil passage and can conduct the oil passage in the direction from the shaft hole to the outside of the housing.

[0005] In one embodiment, the oil passage extends along the direction of gravity.

[0006] In one embodiment, an oil storage cavity is provided at one end of the oil passage near the shaft hole. The oil storage cavity is connected to the shaft hole and is located between the shaft hole and the one-way conduction structure. The inner diameter of the oil storage cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the oil passage.

[0007] In one embodiment, the unidirectional conduction structure includes: A valve body is embedded in the oil passage. The valve body has a valve cavity, which has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the valve cavity. The inlet is located at one end of the valve body near the shaft hole, and the outlet is located at one end of the valve body away from the shaft hole. A valve core, movably disposed within the valve cavity to open or close the inlet, thereby connecting or disconnecting the inlet and the outlet; and A reset element connects the valve core and the valve body, and the reset element is used to drive the valve core to close the inlet.

[0008] In one embodiment, the valve body extends along the direction of gravity, and the unidirectional conduction structure further includes a floating element, which is disposed at one end of the reset element near the valve core, and the average density of the floating element is less than the density of water.

[0009] In one embodiment, the valve cavity includes a first sub-cavity communicating with the inlet and a second sub-cavity disposed on the side of the first sub-cavity away from the inlet. The inner diameter of the first sub-cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the second sub-cavity. The valve core is slidably disposed in the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity. The outer wall of the valve core abuts against the inner wall of the second sub-cavity, and the outer wall of the valve core is spaced apart from the inner wall of the first sub-cavity. The valve core has a third sub-cavity and an opening and a flow passage communicating with the third sub-cavity. The flow passage communicates with the first sub-cavity, and the opening communicates with the outlet. The floating element is disposed in the third sub-cavity.

[0010] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the inlet gradually increases in the direction away from the outlet of the valve body.

[0011] In one embodiment, the unidirectional conduction structure is detachably connected to the oil passage.

[0012] In one embodiment, the unidirectional guiding structure has mating portions at both ends along its length, the mating portions protruding from the sides of the unidirectional guiding structure and being threaded into the oil passage; and / or, One end of the unidirectional conduction structure is exposed outside the housing; and / or, The unidirectional conduction structure has a disassembly structure at one end extending to the outside of the housing. The disassembly structure is used to cooperate with a wrench to disassemble and assemble the unidirectional conduction structure.

[0013] This utility model also proposes a vehicle, comprising: Electric motor; In the aforementioned reducer, the motor shaft is located in the shaft hole, and the oil seal is located between the shaft and the shaft hole.

[0014] In the technical solution of this utility model, an oil passage is provided on the housing of the reducer, and a one-way conduction structure is provided in the oil passage. When the oil seal leaks oil, the leaking oil can flow through the oil passage and the one-way conduction structure to be discharged to the outside of the housing. Users can determine whether there is an oil leak by observing the oil stains in the oil passage. In addition, while draining the leaking oil, the one-way conduction structure blocks the intrusion of external contaminants in one direction, effectively preventing external water vapor, dust and other contaminants from entering the reducer, avoiding accelerated damage to the oil seal and contamination of the main reducer oil, and improving the reliability of the reducer. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing in the reducer provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the reducer housing and the unidirectional conduction structure provided by this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the unidirectional conduction structure in the reducer provided by this utility model.

[0017] Explanation of icon numbers: 100, Housing; 110, Shaft Hole; 200, Oil Passage; 210, Oil Reservoir; 300, One-way Conductive Structure; 310, Valve Body; 311, Valve Chamber; 3111, First Sub-chamber; 3112, Second Sub-chamber; 312, Inlet; 313, Outlet; 320, Valve Core; 321, Third Sub-chamber; 322, Opening; 323, Flow Hole; 330, Reset Part; 340, Floating Part; 350, Mating Part.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0020] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0021] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0022] In the structure of an electric drive axle, the reducer relies on reducer oil for lubrication during operation. To prevent reducer oil leakage, an oil seal is installed at the drive shaft, and an oil passage 200mm is opened in the housing to facilitate observation of oil stains and test the sealing performance. However, the installation of the oil passage 200mm makes it easy for external moisture and dust to enter, affecting the performance and lifespan of key components.

[0023] Therefore, this application proposes a speed reducer, comprising: The housing 100 has a shaft hole 110 for installing an oil seal; An oil passage 200, provided on the housing 100 and used to receive oil leakage from the oil seal, has one end connected to the shaft hole 110 and the other end connected to the outside of the housing 100; and A unidirectional conduction structure 300 is provided inside the oil passage 200 and can conduct the oil passage 200 in the direction from the shaft hole 110 to the outside of the housing 100.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment of this application, the reducer includes a housing 100, which may be made of a high-strength material such as aluminum alloy. The housing 100 serves as a base for mounting and supporting other components of the reducer. A shaft hole 110 is provided at one end of the housing 100. The shaft hole 110 may be circular and is used for the motor shaft to pass through. An oil seal can be installed in the shaft hole 110 to form a dynamic seal with the rotating shaft and seal the reducer's lubricating oil and other fluids within the housing 100. In addition, an oil passage 200 is provided on the housing 100. In the axial direction of the housing 100 (i.e., along the axial direction of the motor shaft), the oil passage 200 is located on the side of the oil seal away from the interior of the housing 100. The oil passage 200 may extend radially along the housing 100. One end of the oil passage 200 is connected to the shaft hole 110, and the other end is connected to the outside. The oil passage 200 is used to collect oil leaking from the oil seal and discharge the leaked oil to the outside of the housing 100. In addition, a one-way flow structure 300 is provided in the oil passage 200. The one-way flow structure 300 can be a one-way valve structure. The one-way flow structure 300 can flow unidirectionally from the shaft hole 110 side to the outside of the housing 100. When the oil seal fails and causes oil leakage, the oil will accumulate in the oil passage 200. When the oil accumulates in the oil passage 200 to a certain extent, the oil leakage will generate pressure on the one-way flow structure 300. When the pressure is greater than the threshold for opening the one-way flow structure 300, the one-way flow structure 300 will open under the action of the oil pressure, allowing the oil to flow to the outside of the reducer. Once the oil is discharged, the one-way flow structure 300 will close under its own structure to prevent moisture, dust and other impurities in the external environment from entering the oil passage 200 and the inside of the reducer. After setting the one-way conduction structure 300, on the one hand, the user can judge whether the oil seal has failed and whether the reducer is abnormal by observing whether there are oil stains at the end of the oil passage 200 that connects to the outside of the housing 100. On the other hand, the one-way conduction structure 300 can seal the oil passage 200 when there is no oil leakage, blocking external water vapor and dust from flowing back into the oil passage 200, ensuring that the internal environment of the reducer is protected, which helps to extend the service life of the reducer and improve the overall reliability of the axle.

[0025] like Figure 1 In another embodiment of this application, the oil passage 200 extends along the direction of gravity. Specifically, when the reducer is installed on a vehicle, the oil passage 200 can be located at the lower part of the reducer housing 100 and extend along the direction of gravity. The oil passage 200 can be designed in a straight or curved shape to adapt to different installation spaces, as long as the oil passage 200 extends towards the ground. This allows gravity to promote the natural flow of leaking oil within the oil passage 200, improving the efficiency of oil discharge and avoiding the problems of oil accumulation or poor discharge within the oil passage 200. In addition, the structure of the oil passage 200 extending towards the ground also increases the difficulty for external impurities to rise and intrude into the reducer, further helping to prevent internal contamination of the reducer.

[0026] like Figure 3 In another embodiment of this application, an oil reservoir 210 is provided at one end of the oil passage 200 near the shaft hole 110. The oil reservoir 210 communicates with the shaft hole 110 and is located between the shaft hole 110 and the one-way conduction structure 300. The inner diameter of the oil reservoir 210 is larger than the inner diameter of the oil passage 200. The position of the oil reservoir 210 is limited to the area of ​​the oil passage 200 between the shaft hole 110 and the one-way conduction structure 300, and its inner diameter must be larger than the inner diameter of other parts of the oil passage 200. For example, the inner diameter of the oil passage 200 can be 5 mm, while the inner diameter of the oil reservoir 210 can be 10 mm. The oil reservoir 210 can be cylindrical or any other shape that meets the space requirements for arrangement. The oil storage chamber 210 can be used to temporarily store a certain amount of leaked oil. The oil leaking from the shaft hole 110 first enters the oil storage chamber 210. When the amount of oil accumulated reaches a certain level, the static pressure generated by the oil overcomes the opening threshold of the one-way conduction structure 300, causing the one-way conduction structure 300 to open and discharge oil. The design of the oil storage chamber 210 avoids the oil leakage from filling the oil passage 200, thus improving reliability. In addition, the flow rate of the oil flowing into the oil storage chamber 210 is reduced, preventing the oil leakage from flowing at high speed due to gravity and directly impacting the one-way conduction structure 300, which would lead to sealing failure. Moreover, during the design process, the designer does not need to change the design of the one-way conduction structure 300. The design threshold of the one-way conduction structure 300 can be met by adjusting the volume of the oil storage chamber 210, thus reducing the design difficulty.

[0027] like Figure 4 An embodiment of a unidirectional conduction structure 300 is shown, in which the unidirectional conduction structure 300 includes: The valve body 310 is embedded in the oil passage 200. The valve body 310 has a valve cavity 311. The valve cavity 311 is provided with an inlet 312 and an outlet 313 communicating with the valve cavity 311. The inlet 312 is located at one end of the valve body 310 near the shaft hole 110, and the outlet 313 is located at one end of the valve body 310 away from the shaft hole 110. Valve core 320, movably disposed within valve cavity 311 to open or close inlet 312, thereby connecting or disconnecting inlet 312 and outlet 313; and The reset element 330 connects the valve core 320 and the valve body 310. The reset element 330 is used to drive the valve core 320 to close the inlet 312.

[0028] like Figure 4The valve body 310 has a cylindrical structure and is embedded in the oil passage 200. It is connected to the oil passage 200 via an interference fit, forming a seal between the valve body 310 and the oil passage 200 to ensure that leaked oil can only flow out from inside the valve body 310. The valve body 310 contains a valve cavity 311, which extends along the length of the valve body 310. Openings 322 are formed at both ends of the valve body 310 along its length: the opening near the shaft hole 110 is the inlet 312, and the opening near the outside of the housing 100 is the outlet 313. The valve core 320 is movably disposed within the valve cavity 311, its shape conforming to the valve cavity 311. The valve core 320 can move along the length of the valve cavity 311, opening or closing the inlet 312, thereby connecting or disconnecting the inlet 312 from the outlet 313. To achieve unidirectional flow, a reset element 330 is provided in the valve cavity 311. The reset element 330 can be a spring, and its elastic force can be adjusted according to actual needs. The reset element 330 can be located on the side of the valve core 320 near the outside of the housing 100. One end of the reset element 330 is connected to the valve body 310, and the other end abuts against the valve core 320. The reset element 330 can apply a force to the valve core 320 toward the inlet 312, so that the valve core 320 abuts against the periphery of the inlet 312 and closes the inlet 312 when no external force is applied. In addition, the position on the valve core 320 that abuts against the inlet 312 can be designed as conical to increase the sealing effect.

[0029] When the accumulated oil pressure in the oil passage 200 exceeds the force exerted by the reset member 330 on the valve core 320, the leaking oil pushes the valve core 320 to move, causing the inlet 312 to open and form a discharge channel. The leaking oil can then be discharged sequentially through the inlet 312, valve chamber 311, and outlet 313. During this process, the pressure of the leaking oil on the valve core 320 decreases, and the reset member 330 drives the valve core 320 to reset and close the inlet 312. Through this structure, this application achieves reliable sealing and smooth oil discharge in the unidirectional conduction structure 300, improving reliability.

[0030] In another embodiment, in order to prevent the reset member 330 and the valve core 320 from detaching from the valve body 310, a retaining ring is provided on the side of the reset member 330 near the outside of the housing 100. The retaining ring is located in the valve cavity 311 and is fixedly engaged with the inner wall of the valve cavity 311. The reset member 330 can abut against the retaining ring. The retaining ring can prevent the reset member 330 and the valve core 320 from detaching from the valve body 310.

[0031] like Figure 4In another embodiment of this application, the valve body 310 extends along the direction of gravity, and the unidirectional conduction structure 300 further includes a floating member 340. The floating member 340 is located at the end of the reset member 330 near the valve core 320, and the average density of the floating member 340 is less than the density of water. When the valve body 310 is mounted on the housing 100, it extends along the direction of gravity. The floating member 340 can be made of polyethylene or other lightweight materials with an average density less than that of water. The floating member 340 can be designed as a sphere or other shape adapted to the valve cavity 311. The diameter of the floating member 340 is smaller than the inner diameter of the valve cavity 311 to ensure that it can move freely along the length of the valve cavity 311 within the valve cavity 311. The reset member 330 can be a spring, with one end fixed to the inner wall of the valve body 310 and the other end in contact with the floating member 340. The reset member 330 cooperates with the valve core 320 to clamp and fix the floating member 340, ensuring the relative stability of the floating member 340's position.

[0032] Because the outlet 313 of the valve body 310 is connected to the external environment, when the valve body 310 is arranged facing the ground, external moisture may seep into the valve chamber 311 in the reverse direction along the oil passage 200. When water accumulates in the valve chamber 311 and reaches the position of the floating component 340, the floating component 340, which has a density less than water, is subjected to buoyancy towards the inlet 312. At this time, the force of the reset component 330 is superimposed with the buoyancy, which increases the sealing pressure of the valve core 320 on the valve port, making the inlet 312 more reliably sealed. Thus, when the vehicle is in a water-wading condition, even if the internal oil leakage reaches the normal oil discharge threshold, the superimposed force of the floating component 340 can still ensure that the inlet 312 is sealed, preventing water from entering the reducer and improving the reliability and durability of the reducer. At the same time, this solution does not affect the normal oil discharge function of the one-way valve under normal driving conditions. The design of the floating component 340 is simple and easy to implement, does not significantly increase production costs, and has good practicality.

[0033] like Figure 4In another embodiment of this application, the valve cavity 311 includes a first sub-cavity 3111 communicating with the inlet 312 and a second sub-cavity 3112 disposed on the side of the first sub-cavity 3111 away from the inlet 312. The inner diameter of the first sub-cavity 3111 is larger than the inner diameter of the second sub-cavity 3112. The valve core 320 is slidably disposed in the first sub-cavity 3111 and the second sub-cavity 3112. The outer wall of the valve core 320 abuts against the inner wall of the second sub-cavity 3112, and the outer wall of the valve core 320 and the inner wall of the first sub-cavity 3111 are spaced apart. The valve core 320 is provided with a third sub-cavity 321 and an opening 322 and a flow hole 323 communicating with the third sub-cavity 321. The flow hole 323 communicates with the first sub-cavity 3111, and the opening 322 communicates with the outlet 313. The floating member 340 is disposed in the third sub-cavity 321. The first sub-cavity 3111 and the second sub-cavity 3112 can both be cylindrical. The first sub-cavity 3111 is connected to the inlet 312, and the second sub-cavity 3112 is connected to the outlet 313. The third sub-cavity 321 can also be cylindrical. An opening 322 is provided at the end of the third sub-cavity 321 near the outlet 313. A flow passage 323 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the valve core 320 opposite to the first sub-cavity 3111. There can be multiple flow passages 323, which can be evenly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the valve core 320. When the valve core 320 opens the inlet 312, the leaking oil first enters the gap between the first sub-cavity 3111 and the valve core 320, and then the leaking oil enters the third sub-cavity 321 through the flow passage 323, and is discharged from the opening 322 of the third sub-cavity 321 through the outlet 313. In the above structure, the arrangement of the first sub-cavity 3111 and the second sub-cavity 3112 not only ensures the stability of the valve core 320 movement, but also provides a path for oil leakage discharge.

[0034] like Figure 4 In one embodiment of this application, the inner diameter of the inlet 312 gradually increases in the direction away from the outlet 313 of the valve body 310. The inlet 312 can have a tapered structure, with the smaller end of the tapered structure facing outwards from the reducer. This allows the inlet 312 to catch more oil leakage at the outlet 313 end away from the valve body 310, while maintaining a smaller contact area with the valve core 320 at the end of the inlet 312 closer to the outlet 313. This increases pressure, making it easier for the unidirectional conduction structure 300 to open, thereby improving the efficiency of oil leakage discharge.

[0035] In another embodiment of this application, the unidirectional conduction structure 300 and the oil passage 200 are detachably connected. This detachable connection can be achieved through threaded engagement or a snap-fit ​​structure. For example, the unidirectional conduction structure 300 may have an external thread on its side, and the corresponding position of the oil passage 200 may have an internal thread. The unidirectional conduction structure 300 can be disassembled and assembled by screwing, thus enabling rapid maintenance of the unidirectional conduction structure 300 and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the reducer.

[0036] like Figure 4In one embodiment of this application, the unidirectional guiding structure 300 has mating portions 350 at both ends along its length. These mating portions 350 protrude from the sides of the unidirectional guiding structure 300 and are screwed into the oil passage 200. Specifically, in the unidirectional guiding structure 300, the cylindrical valve body 310 protrudes outwards from both ends along the axial direction to form mating portions 350. External threads are machined on the mating portions 350, which form a screwed engagement with the internal threads on the inner wall of the oil passage 200. Thus, the two ends of the unidirectional guiding structure 300 are screwed into the oil passage 200, allowing it to be fixed within the oil passage 200 without machining external threads on the entire outer peripheral wall of the unidirectional guiding structure 300, simplifying the manufacturing process. In another embodiment, one end of the unidirectional guiding structure 300 is exposed outside the housing 100. The exposed end of the valve body 310 allows operators to directly disassemble and assemble the unidirectional guiding structure 300 without disassembling the reducer housing 100 or other auxiliary components, facilitating maintenance. In another embodiment, the unidirectional conduction structure 300 has a disassembly structure at one end extending outside the housing 100. The disassembly structure is used to engage with a wrench to disassemble and assemble the unidirectional conduction structure 300. The disassembly structure can be designed as a hexagonal boss or a cross-shaped groove, and its size can be adapted to standard wrench specifications. This allows operators to disassemble and assemble using a wrench, significantly reducing the technical threshold for operators and shortening maintenance time.

[0037] This utility model also proposes a vehicle having a body that forms the main frame of the vehicle. A motor is installed on the body and can be used for power output. The motor cooperates with the aforementioned reducer. Specifically, the motor shaft can be inserted into the shaft hole 110, and an oil seal can be installed between the shaft and the shaft hole 110 to achieve dynamic sealing between the shaft and the shaft hole 110. The specific structure of the reducer is as described in the above embodiments. Since the vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0038] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A speed reducer, characterized in that, include: A housing, wherein the housing is provided with a shaft hole for installing an oil seal; An oil passage is provided on the housing to receive oil leakage from the oil seal. One end of the oil passage is connected to the shaft hole, and the other end of the oil passage is connected to the outside of the housing. as well as A unidirectional flow structure is provided inside the oil passage and can conduct the oil passage in the direction from the shaft hole to the outside of the housing.

2. The reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oil passage extends along the direction of gravity.

3. The reducer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An oil storage cavity is provided at one end of the oil passage near the shaft hole. The oil storage cavity is connected to the shaft hole and is located between the shaft hole and the one-way conduction structure. The inner diameter of the oil storage cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the oil passage.

4. The speed reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The unidirectional conduction structure includes: A valve body is embedded in the oil passage. The valve body has a valve cavity, which has an inlet and an outlet communicating with the valve cavity. The inlet is located at one end of the valve body near the shaft hole, and the outlet is located at one end of the valve body away from the shaft hole. A valve core, movably disposed within the valve cavity to open or close the inlet, thereby connecting or disconnecting the inlet and the outlet; and A reset element connects the valve core and the valve body, and the reset element is used to drive the valve core to close the inlet.

5. The reducer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The valve body extends along the direction of gravity, and the unidirectional conduction structure also includes a floating element. The floating element is located at one end of the reset element near the valve core, and the average density of the floating element is less than the density of water.

6. The reducer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The valve chamber includes a first sub-chamber communicating with the inlet and a second sub-chamber disposed on the side of the first sub-chamber away from the inlet. The inner diameter of the first sub-chamber is larger than the inner diameter of the second sub-chamber. The valve core is slidably disposed in the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber. The outer wall of the valve core abuts against the inner wall of the second sub-chamber, and the outer wall of the valve core is spaced apart from the inner wall of the first sub-chamber. The valve core has a third sub-chamber and an opening and a flow passage communicating with the third sub-chamber. The flow passage communicates with the first sub-chamber, and the opening communicates with the outlet. The floating element is disposed in the third sub-chamber.

7. The reducer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inlet gradually increases in the direction away from the outlet of the valve body.

8. The reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The unidirectional conduction structure is detachably connected to the oil passage.

9. The reducer as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The unidirectional guiding structure has mating portions at both ends along its length, the mating portions protruding from the sides of the unidirectional guiding structure and being threaded into the oil passage; and / or, One end of the unidirectional conduction structure is exposed outside the housing; and / or, The unidirectional conduction structure has a disassembly structure at one end extending to the outside of the housing. The disassembly structure is used to cooperate with a wrench to disassemble and assemble the unidirectional conduction structure.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: Electric motor; The reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the motor shaft is disposed in the shaft hole, and the oil seal is disposed between the shaft and the shaft hole.

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