An immersion porous energy-dissipating liquid inlet device for hydrometallurgy

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of immersion porous energy dissipation liquid inlet device for hydrometallurgy, belong to hydrometallurgy equipment technical field, solve the splash, acid mist, vibration and the problem such as impact to tank body when material liquid enters tank. Including 90° elbow, vertical pipe section and horizontal tee pipe connected in sequence. The vertical pipe section extends into material liquid tank operating liquid surface below, the length of the horizontal tee pipe is not less than two times of liquid inlet pipe inner diameter, two lateral openings thereof can be configured blind plate to change liquid flow direction, on the pipe wall of tee pipe back to tank wall, liquid outlet hole array is set, which is composed of large hole and small hole alternate arrangement, ensure that when two ends are equipped with blind plate, total open area can reach two times of liquid inlet pipe cross-sectional area. The device is combined by "gooseneck pipe" introduction and "porous tee" energy dissipation, can effectively suppress splash and vibration, protect tank body anticorrosive layer, improve working environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgical equipment, specifically relating to an immersion-type porous energy dissipation liquid inlet device for hydrometallurgical processes. Background Technology

[0002] In the hydrometallurgical copper smelting process, the molten feed (an acidic solution rich in copper ions) needs to be transferred on a large scale between different functional tanks or solution pools through large-diameter pipelines. This type of feed is highly corrosive and has an extremely high flow rate, typically reaching hundreds to thousands of cubic meters per hour. If the enormous kinetic energy of such a large flow of corrosive media entering the feed storage tank or solution pool at the end of the pipeline is not effectively managed, it can trigger a series of serious technical and safety problems.

[0003] Currently, conventional methods for handling the end of pipelines have two distinct and serious drawbacks: Firstly, if the pipe outlet is suspended above the operating liquid surface of the material tank, the high-speed downward flow of liquid will violently impact the surface, generating a strong impact force. This impact force will act back on the pipeline system, causing continuous and severe vibrations, which can easily lead to loosening, fatigue, or even breakage of pipe connections over long-term operation. Simultaneously, the violent splashing of liquid will cause corrosive droplets to permeate the entire operating space, significantly increasing the concentration of acid mist in the environment, endangering the health of operators and corroding surrounding precision equipment. Furthermore, the solution splashed outside the tank directly causes the loss of valuable materials and brings severe environmental compliance pressure. Secondly, simply immersing the pipe outlet below the operating liquid surface can partially alleviate the splashing problem, but the concentrated high-speed liquid flow will continuously impact the tank walls or bottom. The anti-corrosion layer on the inner wall of the material tank will quickly break down under long-term, concentrated erosion. Once the anti-corrosion layer fails, the highly corrosive liquid will directly corrode the steel structure of the tank, causing serious accidents such as equipment perforation and leakage, resulting in extremely high repair costs and disruption to continuous production.

[0004] Therefore, in the specific working conditions of high flow rate and strong corrosion in hydrometallurgical copper smelting, how to design a pipe end structure that can take into account splash prevention, vibration reduction, and avoid impact damage to the tank lining has become a key engineering and technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of severe splashing, intense pipeline vibration, and susceptibility to impact damage to the tank lining during high-flow-rate molten copper smelting, this invention aims to provide a structurally sound and highly effective immersion-type porous energy-dissipating inlet device. Through multiple structural designs, this device achieves stable liquid flow introduction and energy dissipation, thereby eliminating splashing and acid mist, suppressing pipeline vibration, protecting the tank's anti-corrosion layer, and facilitating maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solution: An immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid inlet device for hydrometallurgy includes a 90° elbow, a vertical pipe section, and a horizontal tee pipe connected in sequence. The vertical pipe section extends from the top of the liquid tank, with its lower end and the connected tee pipe positioned below the operating liquid surface. The length of the horizontal tee pipe is not less than twice the inner diameter of the pipe, and blind flanges are detachably installed at both of its lateral openings. Several liquid outlet holes are formed on the semi-circular circumference of the pipe wall of the horizontal tee pipe facing the center of the tank. These outlet holes include both large and small holes, arranged alternately.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the large hole is approximately 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the pipe, and the diameter of the small hole is approximately 1 / 10 of the inner diameter of the pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, when blind flanges are installed on both lateral openings of the tee pipe, the sum of the total areas of all liquid outlet holes should not be less than twice the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, all flow-through components of the device are made of HDPE material and are connected by hot-melt butt welding or flange connection.

[0010] Specifically, the technical solution works together through the following five core design elements to systematically solve the aforementioned technical problem: 1. Submersible Inlet Design: A vertical pipe section extends the liquid outlet below the operating liquid surface of the feed tank, with an insertion depth of approximately half the height of the operating liquid surface. This design fundamentally isolates the liquid flow from the air, which is essential for eliminating splashing and suppressing acid mist generation.

[0011] 2. Flow Direction Modification and Impact Protection Design: A horizontal tee is connected to the end of the vertical pipe section, transforming the originally vertically downward liquid flow into a horizontal radial flow, thereby directly avoiding the vertical impact of the liquid flow on the tank bottom. The two side openings of this tee structure can be flexibly configured with blind flanges depending on their installation position: when the inlet point is located at a corner of the tank, blind flanges can be installed on both sides of the tee, forcing the liquid flow to exit only through the outlet hole opposite the corner, effectively preventing scouring of the adjacent tank walls; when the inlet point is located on one side of the tank and far from other side walls, blind flanges are not required, and the liquid flow can exit simultaneously from the openings on both sides of the tee and the outlet hole, increasing the flow area, reducing the flow velocity, and further dispersing energy. This adjustable blind flange configuration achieves adaptive protection for different inlet positions, completely solving the problem of concentrated scouring of the tank bottom and side walls.

[0012] 3. Multi-hole diversion and energy dissipation design: On the 180-degree side of the horizontal tee pipe facing away from the tank wall to be protected, an array of outlet holes consisting of alternating large and small holes is created. This design divides a concentrated, high-flow-rate liquid into multiple smaller streams, greatly increasing the contact area and friction between the fluid and the surrounding liquid, thus fully consuming and dissipating the kinetic energy of the liquid. This is key to achieving splash prevention, vibration reduction, and impact resistance.

[0013] 4. Corrosion-resistant material design: The flow-through components of the equipment, including 90° elbows, vertical pipe sections, and horizontal tees, are all made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene). This material has excellent corrosion resistance to acidic liquids and organic phases in hydrometallurgical processes, ensuring the long service life of the equipment under harsh operating conditions.

[0014] 5. Detachable Maintenance Design: All components, as well as the unit and main process piping, are connected using detachable methods such as flanges or unions. This design allows for convenient partial or complete disassembly and assembly when maintenance is required, greatly improving the maintainability of the equipment.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. Eliminate splashing and acid mist: The design of submerged outflow and porous dispersion fundamentally avoids violent mixing of liquid and air and droplet splashing, thereby greatly suppressing the generation of acid mist, improving the working environment, and reducing material loss and environmental pressure.

[0016] 2. Effective vibration reduction and stress release: The "gooseneck" structure (90° elbow + vertical pipe) can effectively absorb and compensate for the thermal stress and vibration of the pipeline system. In addition, the underwater porous energy dissipation significantly reduces the vibration of the entire pipeline system and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0017] 3. Protects the tank's anti-corrosion layer: The three-way structure, combined with an adjustable blind flange, can flexibly guide the liquid flow direction, causing it to avoid nearby tank walls or bottom. Furthermore, the multi-hole outlet further reduces the liquid flow impact velocity, completely preventing concentrated erosion of the tank lining.

[0018] 4. Corrosion resistance and long service life: All flow parts are made of HDPE material, which has excellent resistance to sulfuric acid and solvent oil corrosion, making it very suitable for long-term use in the extraction environment of hydrometallurgy.

[0019] 5. High adaptability and flexible installation: By choosing whether to install blind flanges, it can easily adapt to different working conditions such as pipelines located at the corner or edge of the channel, making it highly versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view. Detailed Implementation Plan

[0021] The following is a combination of the device and its attachments. Figure 1 , 2 The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail. Example

[0022] 1 Operating Parameters Design inlet flow rate: 1400 m³ / h Dimensions of the liquid tank: Length × Width × Height = 20m × 15m × 2.5m Operating liquid level: 1.5m Feed characteristics: Contains 6 g / L copper, 14 g / L sulfuric acid, and 20 g / L chloride ions.

[0023] 2. Implementation of the device structure like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid inlet device for the above-described operating conditions. The device is connected to the main process pipeline via a flange and installed on the top of the feed tank. The main body of the device includes the following components: 90° elbow (1): Made of HDPE material by molding, with a nominal diameter of DN600. The inlet end is connected to the horizontal liquid inlet main pipe through a flange, and the outlet is vertically downward.

[0024] Vertical pipe section (2): HDPE pipe with a nominal diameter of DN600 is used, and the length is determined according to the operating liquid level. To ensure the energy dissipation effect, the depth of its lower end extending below the liquid surface is 1 / 2 of the operating liquid level height, i.e., 0.75m. Considering the installation margin, the actual length is taken as 2.0m.

[0025] Horizontal tee pipe (3): Made of HDPE material, nominal diameter DN600, main pipe length L is designed as twice the inner diameter of the pipe, i.e. 1200mm. The center vertical joint of the tee pipe is connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe section (2) by hot fusion butt welding.

[0026] Blind flange (4): A circular plate made of HDPE material with a thickness of 30mm. It is detachably installed on the two side openings of the horizontal tee pipe (3) by means of bolt fastening.

[0027] Discharge holes (large hole 5, small hole 6): Multiple discharge holes are opened on the 180° semi-circular pipe wall of the horizontal tee pipe (3) facing the center of the tank.

[0028] 3. Calculation and Implementation of Key Parameters Flow rate calculation Pipe cross-sectional area: S0 = π × (0.6 / 2) 2= 0.2827 m 2 Flow velocity in the main pipeline: v = 1400 / 3600 / 0.2827 ≈ 1.37 m / s (within a reasonable range) Liquid outlet design Aperture specifications: Large hole (51) diameter: D1 = 600 / 5 = 120 mm The diameter of the small hole (52) is D2 = 600 / 10 = 60 mm. Opening area: Single-hole area: Large hole 0.0113 m² 2 The aperture is 0.0028 m. 2 Target total area: S_total ≥ 2 × 0.2827 = 0.5654 m 2 Hole arrangement: Within a length of 1200mm, six rows of holes are arranged along a 180° semicircle, each row containing: Four large holes (spaced 90° apart) 8 small holes (spaced 45° apart) Actual total area = 6 × (4 × 0.0113 + 8 × 0.0028) = 0.576 m² 2 > 0.5654 m 2 (Requirements met) Energy dissipation effect verification Average flow velocity at the outlet: v_out = 1400 / 3600 / 0.576 ≈ 0.67 m / s Kinetic energy reduction rate: (1.37) 2 - 0.67 2 ) / 1.37 2 ≈ 76% (significant energy dissipation effect) 4 Installation and Configuration Scheme Two typical configurations are provided depending on the location of the liquid inlet: Configuration A (liquid inlet at the corner of the tank) Installation location: 1m away from each adjacent trench wall Blind flange installation: Blind flanges are installed on both sides of the opening. Liquid flow characteristics: The liquid flow is concentrated and flows out from a 180° range away from the corner, forming a fan-shaped diffusion flow field. Configuration B (liquid inlet at the middle of the long side of the tank) Installation location: 8m from the tank wall Blind plate setting: Do not install blind plates Liquid flow characteristics: Liquid flows out simultaneously from both sides and the upper hole of the tee pipe, forming a symmetrical flow field. 5. Performance Actual operational data shows: Splash control: The liquid surface is stable, with no visible splashing. Vibration monitoring: The pipeline vibration velocity decreased from 12 mm / s before the renovation to below 2 mm / s. Corrosion protection: The anti-corrosion layer on the tank wall shows no signs of erosion. Environmental improvements: Acid mist concentration in the operating area reduced by more than 85%. 6. Maintenance Plan Check the outlet hole for blockages monthly. Check the corrosion status of HDPE components quarterly. During the annual overhaul, the entire unit can be lifted out for maintenance by removing the flange. This embodiment demonstrates that the device can effectively solve the problems of splashing, vibration and scouring even under a high flow rate of 1400 m³ / h, and has significant engineering application value.

Claims

1. A submersible porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy, characterized in that: It includes a 90° elbow (1), a vertical pipe section (2) and a horizontal tee pipe (3) connected in sequence. It is configured to extend from the top of the liquid tank so that its lower end is below the operating liquid surface. The horizontal tee pipe (3) is connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe section (2). At least one detachable blind plate (4) is installed on the side opening of the horizontal tee pipe (3). The horizontal tee pipe (3) has several liquid outlet holes on its pipe wall.

2. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L of the horizontal tee (3) is twice the nominal inner diameter DN of the pipe.

3. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid outlet is located on the semicircular circumference of the pipe wall of the horizontal tee pipe (3) facing the center of the tank.

4. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid outlet includes large holes (5) and small holes (6) of different diameters, and the large holes (5) and small holes (6) are arranged alternately.

5. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the large hole (5) is 1 / 5 of the nominal inner diameter of the pipe, and the diameter of the small hole (6) is 1 / 10 of the nominal inner diameter of the pipe.

6. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: When both lateral openings of the horizontal tee pipe (3) are equipped with the blind plate (4), the sum of the total areas of all the liquid outlet holes is not less than twice the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe.

7. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion depth of the vertical pipe section (2) is 1 / 2 of the operating liquid level height of the liquid tank.

8. The immersion-type porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow-through components of the 90° elbow (1), vertical pipe section (2) and horizontal tee (3) are all made of HDPE material.

9. A submersible porous energy-dissipating liquid feeding device for hydrometallurgy according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The 90° elbow (1), vertical pipe section (2) and horizontal tee pipe (3) are connected by hot-melt butt welding or flange connection.

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