Spliceable multifunctional wireless control stage effect lamp

Abstract

The utility model belongs to and stage lighting technical field, concretely relates to a kind of splicing type multifunctional wireless control stage effect lamp.The utility model is combined with the modularization splicing structure and multi-protocol wireless control system, cooperates full-spectrum light source and single-point single-control circuit, realizes the comprehensive promotion of stage effect lamp in modelling diversity, control flexibility, function integration and deployment convenience, effectively solves the technical pain points such as traditional lamp function singleness, wiring complexity, modelling fixation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of stage lighting technology, specifically relating to a modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light. Background Technology

[0002] Existing stage pixel lights generally suffer from the following technical defects: First, they are single-function, usually only providing pixel effects or beam effects, and cannot be used for multiple purposes. When displaying video, the clarity is low and the pixels are sparse. Second, the control method is outdated, mostly relying on traditional DMX512 wired connections, which connect to the control console via 485 shielded twisted-pair cables. This results in complex wiring, poor flexibility, and is not conducive to rapid setup and dismantling. Third, the lights are bulky and heavy, making them inconvenient to carry, and their fixed shapes cannot be flexibly combined into various geometric shapes according to the needs of the stage background.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the technical shortcomings of existing pixel lights, such as large size, limited function, sparse pixels, low clarity, inability to display images and videos, and the inability to be controlled only by connecting to a 512 console via a 485 shielded twisted pair cable, there is an urgent need to design and develop a splicable, multi-functional, wirelessly controllable stage effect light. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings and difficulties of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light; that is compact in structure, feature-rich, intelligently controlled, and flexibly modular.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: the effect light includes a light body and a splicing system; wherein, the light body is an aluminum alloy box, and an LED light source module, a control motherboard, a battery module and a wireless communication module are installed inside;

[0006] The splicing system includes an I-shaped basic splicing component and a fan-shaped extended splicing component; the I-shaped basic splicing component can be inserted into the groove on the side of the lamp body to achieve a rigid connection between multiple lamp bodies to form a planar or three-dimensional shape; the fan-shaped extended splicing component can be connected to the I-shaped basic splicing component through a connector, and the connection angle can be changed by adjusting the knob on it to form a ring, semi-ring, or W-shaped shape.

[0007] This utility model relates to a stage effect light comprising a lamp body and a splicing system. The lamp body is an aluminum alloy housing, internally housing an LED light source module, a control motherboard, a battery module, and a wireless communication module. The splicing system includes an I-shaped basic splicing component and a fan-shaped extended splicing component. The I-shaped basic splicing component can be inserted into a groove on the side of the lamp body to achieve a rigid connection between multiple lamp bodies to form a planar or three-dimensional shape. The fan-shaped extended splicing component can be connected to the I-shaped basic splicing component via connectors, and the connection angle can be changed by adjusting a knob on it to form a ring, semi-ring, or W-shaped shape. This enables a multi-functional stage effect light that integrates pixel display, beam illumination, and color effects, and supports wireless control and modular splicing.

[0008] In other words, this utility model, through the combination of modular splicing structure and multi-protocol wireless control system, along with full-spectrum light source and single-point single-control circuit, has achieved a comprehensive improvement in stage effect lights in terms of shape diversity, control flexibility, functional integration and deployment convenience, effectively solving the technical pain points of traditional lighting fixtures such as single function, complex wiring and fixed shape. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention: a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a side view of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an I-shaped effect light, an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model; wherein, a is a three-dimensional schematic diagram; b is a top view schematic diagram;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light of this utility model, featuring an I-shaped effect light; wherein, a is a top view; b is a three-dimensional view;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fan-shaped effect light, an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model; wherein, a is a schematic diagram of the fan-shaped structure; b is a schematic diagram of the fan-shaped accessory structure; c is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a fan-shaped effect light, an assembly embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model; wherein, a is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure; b is a top view schematic diagram of the assembly structure;

[0017] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another assembly embodiment of the modular multifunctional wireless control stage effect light of this utility model, a fan-shaped effect light; wherein, a is a schematic diagram of the assembled and combined top structure; b is a schematic diagram of another assembled and combined top structure; c is a schematic diagram of the assembled and combined ring-shaped top structure;

[0018] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an LED matrix arrangement of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model;

[0019] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first control circuit of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the battery power supply circuit of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the interface circuit of an embodiment of the present invention: a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light.

[0022] Figure 13 This is a grounding circuit diagram of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the switch control circuit of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the third control circuit of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the second control circuit of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of the electrical control frame of an embodiment of a modular, multifunctional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to this utility model.

[0027] In the diagram: U1 - First control chip; U2 - Second control chip; U3 - Third control chip; 1 - I-shaped basic splicing component; 2 - Groove; 3 - Decagon; 4 - Rectangle; 5 - First slot; 6 - Semi-ring; 7 - W-shaped; 10 - Fan-shaped extended splicing component; 30 - Screw connection; 40 - Second slot; 100 - 72 five-color LEDs; 200 - 1 seven-color LED; 300 - Optical lens; 400 - Cover plate; 500 - Aluminum housing; 01 - Bracket; 02 - I-shaped splicing component; 03 - Knob; 04 - Aluminum alloy housing; 05 - LED matrix light output port; 06 - XLR DMX IN interface; 07-DC input port; 08-switch; 09-glass; 010-RDM indicator light; 011-DMX indicator light; 012-I-shaped splicing strip; 013-menu display window; 014-infrared receiver port; 015-ARTNET signal indicator light; 016-button; 017-ARTNET RJ45 interface; 018-XLR DMEX OUT interface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this utility model, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, will further illustrate this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0029] This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific examples. The details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0031] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Secondly, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figures 1-17 As shown, this utility model provides a modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light. The effect light includes a light body and a splicing system. The light body is an aluminum alloy housing, internally housing an LED light source module, a control motherboard, a battery module, and a wireless communication module. The splicing system includes an I-shaped basic splicing component and a fan-shaped extended splicing component. The I-shaped basic splicing component can be inserted into a groove on the side of the light body to achieve a rigid connection between multiple light bodies to form a planar or three-dimensional shape. The fan-shaped extended splicing component can be connected to the I-shaped basic splicing component via connectors, and the connection angle can be changed by adjusting a knob on it to form a ring, semi-ring, or W-shaped shape. The LED light source module includes at least one central LED for generating a beam effect; wherein the central LED is a multi-color high-power LED; and multiple pixel LEDs arranged around the central LED to form a matrix. Each pixel LED is controlled by an independent driver chip, achieving single-point single-control. The LED light source module also includes an optical lens disposed in front of the LED light source module for focusing the light emitted by the central LED to form a beam.

[0033] The control motherboard includes a first control circuit for real-time control of the effect lights. This first control circuit includes a first control chip. Pins 8, 23, 35, and 47 of the first control chip are grounded. Pin 43 of the first control chip is electrically connected to the LED light source module. The first control chip is electrically connected to the wireless communication module via pins 15, 16, 17, and 18. The first control chip is an STM32F103C8T6. The LED light source module includes a second control circuit for driving and controlling the LED pixels. This second control circuit includes a driver control chip. The DIN port of the driver chip corresponds one-to-one with and is electrically connected to the I / O ports of the first control circuit. The DOUT port of each driver chip is cascaded to the DIN port of the next driver chip, and the output of each driver chip is connected to one or more of the LED pixels, forming a single-point, single-control cascaded circuit. The driver chip is an SM16825E. The wireless communication module integrates 2.4G wireless, Bluetooth, and RDM functions, and connects to the CPU on the control motherboard via an SPI interface. The wireless communication module supports RDM and DMX512 protocols; ART-NET is an independent external RJ45 interface. The battery module is a lithium battery pack, connected to the control motherboard via a power supply circuit. The lamp body has a DC charging interface, and an anti-reverse current diode is connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC charging interface and the positive terminal of the battery module. The wireless communication module includes a third control circuit for wireless communication; this third control circuit includes a third control chip; the third control chip is a TIMO Two module; the third control chip is electrically connected to a second control chip in the third control circuit via pins 8, 10, 11, and 12. The second control chip is model SN75176BDR. In this solution, the SN75176BDR is a differential bus transceiver chip manufactured by Texas Instruments (TI), primarily used in industrial automation and communication equipment to achieve reliable long-distance data communication. Its core function is to convert single-ended digital signals from a microcontroller or processor into differential signals suitable for long-distance transmission (such as RS-485 / RS-422 standards), and to effectively suppress common-mode noise through differential transmission technology, ensuring data integrity in harsh electrical environments. The lamp body also includes an infrared receiving module, the output of which is directly connected to the external interrupt input port of the CPU on the control motherboard for receiving and decoding infrared remote control signals.

[0034] Specifically, in a specific embodiment of this utility model, a modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light is provided, comprising: a light body, which is an aluminum alloy housing containing an LED light source module, a control motherboard, a battery module, and a wireless communication module; a splicing system, including an "I"-shaped basic splicing component and a fan-shaped extended splicing component; the "I"-shaped basic splicing component can be inserted into a groove on the side of the light body to achieve a rigid connection between multiple light bodies to form a planar or three-dimensional shape; the fan-shaped extended splicing component can be connected to the "I"-shaped basic splicing component via a connector, and the connection angle can be changed by adjusting the knob on it, thereby forming a ring, semi-ring, or W-shaped shape. The LED light source module includes: a central LED, which is a multi-color high-power LED used to produce a beam effect; multiple pixel LEDs arranged around the central LED to form a matrix, each pixel LED being controlled by an independent driver chip for single-point single-control; and an optical lens disposed in front of the LED light source module to focus the light emitted by the central LED to form a beam. The core of the control motherboard is an STM32F103C8T6 CPU. This CPU connects one-to-one with the DIN ports of multiple SM16825E driver chips through its I / O ports. The DOUT port of each driver chip is cascaded to the DIN port of the next driver chip. The output of each driver chip is connected to one or more of the pixel LEDs, forming a cascaded circuit with single-point single-control. The wireless communication module integrates 2.4G wireless, Bluetooth, and RDM functions and connects to the CPU on the control motherboard via an SPI interface. The wireless communication module supports RDM and DMX512 protocols. The lamp body is also equipped with an infrared receiving module. The output of the infrared receiving module is directly connected to the external interrupt input port of the CPU on the control motherboard for receiving and decoding infrared remote control signals. The battery module is a lithium battery pack, which is connected to the control motherboard through a power supply circuit. The lamp body is equipped with a DC charging interface, and an anti-reverse current diode is connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC charging interface and the positive terminal of the battery module. The inner side of the front panel of the lamp body is equipped with a 1.8-inch TFT display screen and multiple physical buttons. The TFT display screen and physical buttons are electrically connected to the control motherboard and are used to display menu information and receive user input. The menu system can be accessed through the physical buttons and the TFT display screen. The menu system includes at least the following configurable items: DMX address setting, working mode selection, wireless control switch, Bluetooth control switch, infrared control switch, ART-NET control switch and IP address setting, energy-saving mode setting, and usage time limit setting. The control motherboard integrates a temperature detection circuit. When the internal temperature reaches a preset threshold, the control motherboard automatically reduces the power of the LED light source module.The enclosure structure of the lamp body meets the IP65 protection level.

[0035] In other words, the effect lamp provided by this utility model is small in size, lightweight, easy to carry, waterproof, and has low transportation costs. Figures 2-3 As shown, the box can be quickly assembled into various shapes such as rectangles, crosses, strips, rings, semi-rings, and W-shapes using basic splicing modules. The purpose of these various shapes is to enrich the stage background layout and meet the needs of users in various venues.

[0036] The effect light features a built-in wireless control module, battery module, Bluetooth control module, and infrared control module, supporting ART-NET, RDM, and DMX512 protocols. It can connect to MADRIX software, APP, or DMX console via ART-NET serial port to play text, patterns, and dynamic video materials. This multi-functional effect light incorporates a full-spectrum, full-band LED light source, broadening its applications. On stage, it can be used as a pixel light, color-changing light, or beam light, and can also meet the professional lighting needs of films and short videos. The "I"-shaped splicing component connection method involves connecting multiple "I"-shaped basic splicing components 1, such as... Figures 4-7 As shown, inserting the LEDs into the grooves 2 of the lamp body allows multiple pixel LEDs to be quickly assembled into a rectangle 4 or a decagon 3. A medium to large matrix can function as a display screen. If there are many LEDs to be assembled, three "I"-shaped splicing pieces can be inserted into the three slots on the four sides of the lamp body 5 for a tighter and safer connection. The "fan-shaped" splicing piece connection method is as follows... Figures 8-15 As shown, the "fan-shaped" extended splicing component 10, with an adjustable angle of 5-45 degrees (as shown in the figure below), is connected to the "I"-shaped splicing component 1 with screws 30. The connected components are then inserted into the slot (second slot) 40 of the lamp body to form a ring. Adjusting the knob 03 on the fan-shaped bracket changes the radius of the ring, creating semi-circular shapes 6, W-shaped shapes 7, etc. Pixel control (single-point single-control): This technical solution achieves independent control of a single LED pixel through hardware connection and signal interaction between the CPU STM32F103C8T6 and the driver chip SM16825E. Specifically, it includes two parts: hardware architecture and control flow.

[0037] Hardware Connection Architecture: The core control unit uses a CPU (Central Processing Unit) as the control core. The CPU needs to have multiple independent I / O (input / output) interfaces. Each I / O interface corresponds to the control signal input terminal of a driver chip, ensuring that the control signal of a single pixel is transmitted independently without signal multiplexing interference. The SM16825E driver execution unit uses an independent driver chip (such as a constant current driver chip, MOSFET driver chip, etc.) for each LED pixel. The driver chip needs to have a VIN (voltage input) interface, DIN (data input) and DOUT (data output) interface, as well as an LED driver output terminal. The DIN interface of the driver chip connects to the CPU's I / O port to receive the power supply control signal output by the CPU. The DOUT interface connects to the DIN port of the next SM16825E, achieving a cascaded transmission of the CPU's control command signal to the next driver execution unit. The output terminal of the driver chip is connected to the negative terminal of the target LED pixel through a resistor. N driver execution units are cascaded through the DOUT of the driver unit. The signal transmission path connects the CPU's I / O port and the driver chip's DIN interface via a dedicated signal line. This line is shielded to reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the control signal. The driver chip and LED pixels are connected using low-impedance wires to ensure stable drive current output. Single-point single-control flow: Control command generation: Based on preset control logic (such as user-inputted display parameters, lighting mode commands, etc.), the CPU generates an independent control command for each LED pixel. This command includes parameters such as the pixel's on / off state, brightness level, and response time, and converts the command into a digital signal (such as high / low level signals, pulse signals, etc.) recognizable by the driver chip. DIN command transmission: After the driver chip enters the ready state via the DIN signal, the CPU transmits the generated digital control command bit by bit to the driver chip's DIN interface via the I / O port connected to the corresponding driver chip's DIN interface. The driver chip integrates a signal decoding module to decode the digital signal received by the DIN interface and parse out the corresponding control parameters (such as on / off commands, brightness values, etc.). The LED driver executes by adjusting the driving current or voltage output to the LED pixel based on the decoded control parameters. For example, when the driver receives the instruction "light up and brightness 50%", it outputs the corresponding current value to make the LED pixel light up at the preset brightness. When the driver receives the instruction "turn off", it cuts off the output current and turns off the LED pixel, thus achieving independent control of a single LED pixel.

[0038] like Figure 16The diagram shows the LED matrix arrangement. LED 100 consists of 72 LEDs of 5 colors (Red R, Green G, Blue B, Warm White W: 2700K, Cool White W: 10000K), each with 0.5W of power, totaling 2.5W pixels, with a 120-degree beam angle. LED 200 consists of one LED of 7 colors (Red R, Green G, Blue B, Cool White W: 8000K, Amber A, Lemon L, Purple UV), each with 3.5W of power, totaling 25W. LED 300 is an optical lens (Fresnel lens or convex lens) that emits a beam effect. LED 400 is a cover plate: tempered glass. LED 500 is an aluminum housing. Display and Menu: This LED stage light control system uses an STM32F103C8T6 as the main control core, integrating multiple communication interfaces and human-machine interface components, providing comprehensive functions such as lighting control, status monitoring, and parameter configuration. The system supports multiple control methods including wireless, Bluetooth, infrared, RDM, and ART-NET. It enables visual operation through a 1.8-inch TFT display screen and physical buttons, making it suitable for various stage performances, event lighting, and other scenarios.

[0039] Core Hardware Configuration: Main Control Unit, Main Chip: STM32F103C8T6 (ARM Cortex-M3 core, 72MHz clock speed, 64KB Flash, 20KB RAM). Operating Voltage: 3.3V DC power supply, supports wide voltage input (DC 5-24V converted by voltage regulator circuit). Peripheral Interfaces: SPI, I2C, USART, GPIO, etc., meeting the communication needs of multiple modules. Human-Machine Interaction Module: Display device, 1.8-inch TFT display screen (128×160 resolution, SPI interface). Operation Buttons: 4 physical buttons (menu button, up button, down button, confirm / enter button). Status Indicators: 5 LED indicators (wireless, Bluetooth, infrared, RDM, ART-NET). Wireless indicator light: Indicates wireless connection status; Bluetooth indicator light: Indicates Bluetooth connection status; RDM indicator light: Indicates RDM protocol communication status; ART-NET indicator light: Indicates ART-NET protocol communication status. Communication module: Wireless module, supports 2.4G wireless communication (compatible with custom protocols). Bluetooth module: Bluetooth 4.2 and above, supports data pass-through. Infrared module: 38kHz infrared receiving circuit. RDM interface: Compatible with DMX512 / RDM standard protocol. ART-NET interface: Ethernet physical layer, supports ART-NET lighting control protocol.

[0040] Auxiliary function modules: Temperature detection: Built-in NTC thermistor, detection range 20℃~65℃. Battery management: Lithium battery power monitoring circuit (supports 10V / 13.3V battery packs). Power protection: Overcurrent, overvoltage, and reverse connection protection circuits. Software function description: Display system, main interface information: Wireless signal strength (0-100% bar chart), internal temperature (℃), battery power (0-100% icon + value), software version (Vx.xx), current working mode. Menu interface: Hierarchical menu structure, supports Chinese and English display, menu item text color-changing selection effect. Prompt information: Operation feedback, error warnings, status change pop-up prompts (display duration 2-5 seconds). Menu Function Architecture: Main Menu, Address Setting (adjustable from 0-512, step 1); Channel Setting (preset selectable channels); Master / Slave Setting (sets a single LED as master or slave. Within the same group, slaves synchronize with the master); Working Modes: Automatic Mode (built-in program runs in a loop); Manual Mode (individually sets the brightness of each group of LEDs and can save as a custom color); Strobe Mode (frequency adjustable from 1-20Hz); Voice Control Mode (sensitivity adjustable in 5 levels); Color Mode (built-in 55 fixed colors + 5 custom colors).

[0041] Wireless Control: Wireless switch (on / off); signal detection (real-time strength value refresh); select receive and transmit modes; wireless pairing (single lamp requires wireless transmission for pairing and group creation). Bluetooth Control: Bluetooth switch (on / off); pairing status (paired / unpaired); infrared control (on / off); ART-NET control (on / off); IP address setting, sub-mask address setting; energy-saving mode (built-in 4 levels: 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, "40% means the lamp brightness is reduced to 40%)); temperature control: when the internal temperature reaches 65°C, the system automatically reduces the lamp power to achieve cooling. System Settings: Usage time limit (password required, time adjustable, the system automatically stops the lamp after the set time; resetting or modifying the time requires re-entering the password; the main interface displays the remaining available time in real time); enter the settings requires a correct password; password modification (4-digit numeric password); version information (software version + hardware model); restore factory settings (password confirmation required). Button operation logic: Menu button: Short press to enter / exit the current menu, long press for 2 seconds to return to the main interface; Up / Down buttons: Switch menu options (loop scrolling), adjust parameters (long press to quickly increase or decrease); Confirm button: Confirm selection, save parameter settings, and enter submenu.

[0042] Special features: Time limit function: Countdown display after setting, output automatically shuts off upon expiration, requires password to reactivate; Access control: Password verification mechanism (initial password 1234) to protect critical settings; Status indication: Rules for each function indicator light (solid on = activated, flashing = data transmission, off = off).

[0043] Electrical parameters: Operating current, standby ≤50mA, full load ≤300mA (excluding LED driver); Communication distance: wireless ≤1000 meters (open environment), Bluetooth ≤10 meters, infrared ≤8 meters (30° angle); Operating environment: temperature -20℃~40℃, humidity ≤85% RH (non-condensing); Storage environment: temperature -20℃~60℃, humidity ≤90% RH (non-condensing).

[0044] Installation and Debugging Points: Module Wiring: Connect each module strictly according to the pin definitions, avoiding reverse connection of power supply positive and negative terminals; Display Calibration: Perform screen touch calibration upon first power-on (if touch function is available); Communication Test: Test the transmit and receive functions of each communication module to ensure the indicator lights are in the correct state; Parameter Initialization: Default parameter settings must be completed before leaving the factory (address = 1, channel = 16, no time limit); Aging Test: Run continuously for 48 hours, monitoring temperature changes and functional stability.

[0045] Wireless Module: Timo Two FX module integration: 2.4GHz wireless, Bluetooth, RDM functionality, shared SPI interface. This technical solution addresses the problems of complex wiring, poor flexibility, high maintenance costs, and insufficient adaptability inherent in traditional wired control methods for stage lighting systems. It proposes a wireless control solution for stage lighting based on an SPI interface wireless module using the Timo Two FX module. By physically and electrically connecting the Timo Two FX wireless module with its SPI communication interface to the main CPU of the stage lighting equipment, a stable wireless communication link is established, enabling command transmission and status feedback between the main CPU and external control terminals (such as consoles and central control systems). This solution eliminates the need for complex control signal cabling, quickly adapts to the stage lighting scheduling needs of multiple devices and scenarios, and improves system deployment efficiency and control flexibility.

[0046] System Composition: The wireless stage lighting system involved in this solution mainly consists of four core parts: stage lighting terminal equipment, Timo Two FX SPI interface wireless module, external control terminal, and power supply module. The functions, core configurations, and relationships with other components are shown in the table below:

[0047] Stage lighting terminal equipment The core execution unit is responsible for receiving control commands and driving the lights to complete stage effects such as brightness adjustment, color switching, strobe, and pattern changes, while also collecting its own working status (such as current, temperature, and fault information). It has a built-in main CPU (such as ARM or STM32 series) and supports SPI master / slave communication mode; it also integrates lighting drive circuits (such as LED driver chips and dimming modules) and status acquisition modules. The main CPU communicates bidirectionally with the third-party wireless module via the SPI interface; the main CPU outputs control signals to the light drive circuit and receives feedback signals from the status acquisition module. TimoTwoFX SPI interface wireless module The core communication unit enables wireless signal transmission and reception and protocol conversion between stage lighting terminal equipment and external control terminals. Supports SPI communication interface (compatible with the main CPU's SPI timing parameters, such as clock frequency, data bit width, polarity / phase); transmission distance ≥ 50 meters (open environment in stage scenarios); supports 2.4GHz / 5GHz frequency band or UHF frequency band (select as needed); has standard communication protocols (such as WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee or custom industrial protocols); built-in RF antenna or supports external antenna. It connects to the main CPU of the stage lighting terminal equipment via the SPI bus; and establishes communication with the external control terminal via a wireless link. External control terminal The human-computer interaction and control center is responsible for sending control commands (such as scene switching and individual light adjustment) to the stage lighting terminal equipment, and for receiving and displaying its working status information and issuing alarms for any abnormalities. It has a built-in wireless transceiver module that is compatible with the Timo Two FX wireless module (same frequency band, same protocol); and has an operating interface (such as touch screen, buttons) or host computer software (such as PC-based lighting control software). It exchanges commands and data with a third-party wireless module of the stage lighting terminal equipment via a wireless link. Power supply module It provides stable DC power to all electrical components of the stage lighting terminal equipment, including the main CPU, Timo Two FX wireless module, and lighting drive circuit. The input voltage is compatible with common stage power supplies (such as AC 220V or DC 12-48V); the output can adapt to multiple voltages (such as main CPU 3.3V, wireless module 3.3V, driver circuit 12V / 24V); and it has overcurrent and overvoltage protection functions. It is connected to the power pins of the main CPU, third-party wireless module, and lighting drive circuit of the stage lighting terminal equipment, respectively.

[0048] Connection and integration of core components: Hardware connection between the Timo Two FX SPI interface wireless module and the main CPU (core connection relationship).

[0049] The Timo Two FX wireless module and the stage lighting main CPU are physically and electrically connected via a standard SPI bus. The SPI bus uses a five-wire structure, and the specific connection method is shown in the table below. The communication timing parameters of both devices (such as clock polarity CPOL, clock phase CPHA, data bit width, etc.) must also be matched.

[0050] SCK (clock line) SCK SPI_SCK The main CPU (SPI master device) outputs a clock signal to synchronize the bus data transmission rhythm. The clock frequency must be within the range supported by the wireless module (e.g., ≤10MHz). MOSI (Master Sends, Slave Receives) MOSI SPI_MOSI A one-way data channel for the main CPU to transmit data (such as control commands and configuration parameters) to third-party wireless modules. MISO (Master Receiver Slave Transmitter) MISO SPI_MISO A one-way data channel through which a third-party wireless module transmits data (such as received control commands and its own status information) to the main CPU. CS (Chip Select Line) CS_N (Active low) GPIO_SPI_CS The main CPU outputs high and low levels through this pin to control the selection / deselection of third-party wireless modules (multiple modules are distinguished by an independent CS pin). VCC (Positive Power Supply) VCC 3.3V power output terminal Provide operating power to the wireless module; the voltage must be consistent with the module's rated voltage (usually 3.3V). GND (Ground) GND systematically To achieve electrical grounding and ensure signal stability, it is necessary to connect to the ground pins of the main CPU and power supply module. IRQ – Interrupt signal Active low, can be configured via the interrupt mask register.

[0051] Wiring Requirements: Solder the physical interface reserved on the Timo Two FX SPI module to the PA port on the main PCB board near the CPU. The power supply voltage needs to be adequately filtered and decoupled. To prevent interference, the area around the edge of the circuit board where the module is soldered must be far away from copper on all layers. Third-Party Wireless Module Integration: Physical Integration: The Timo Two FX SPI wireless module is fixed to the main control circuit board of the stage lighting equipment using surface mount soldering or terminal connections. The module is positioned close to the main CPU to shorten the SPI bus wiring distance. If the module supports an external antenna, the antenna interface must be led out to a location on the device without metal obstructions to ensure wireless signal transmission and reception efficiency (avoid metal casing obstruction). Power Supply Adaptation: The VCC pin of the wireless module obtains a stable 3.3V voltage from the power supply module through an LDO voltage regulator circuit (such as AMS1117-3.3) to avoid power fluctuations affecting communication stability. The power supply circuit uses a series current-limiting resistor and a parallel 10μF electrolytic capacitor and a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor for filtering. System Overall Connection Architecture: Single-Lamp Control Architecture: The external control terminal connects to the Timo Two FX wireless module of a single stage lighting device via a wireless link. The main CPU interacts with the module via the SPI bus to achieve independent control of a single light. Multi-Lamp Network Control Architecture: Multiple Timo Two FX wireless modules of stage lighting devices establish wireless connections with the external control terminal (supporting star topology). The main CPU of each lighting device communicates with the module via its own SPI interface. The external control terminal can send broadcast commands (to control all lights) or address commands (to control a specific light) to achieve coordinated scheduling of stage lights. Working Principle: This solution achieves wireless control of stage lights through a closed-loop process of "wireless signal transmission → SPI bus data interaction → light action execution." The specific workflow is divided into two main directions: control command issuance and status information upload, as shown below: Control Command Issuance Process (External Control Terminal → Stage Lighting Device). Command Generation: Operators edit control commands through the external control terminal's interface (e.g., selecting "one pixel in channel 1 of the first lamp" on a touchscreen) or the host computer software. Commands include the target light address, control type (e.g., brightness adjustment, color switching), and parameter values ​​(e.g., brightness 50%, RGB value 255,0,0), and are encapsulated into data frames (including frame header, address code, command code, parameters, checksum, and frame trailer) according to a preset communication protocol. Wireless Transmission: The external control terminal's wireless transceiver module modulates the encapsulated command data frame into a radio frequency signal and transmits it wirelessly via an antenna. Wireless Reception and SPI Transmission: The Timo Two FX wireless module of the stage lighting equipment receives the radio frequency signal via an antenna, demodulates it, and restores it to a command data frame. This data frame is then transmitted to the main CPU via the MISO pin of the SPI bus (the main CPU selects the module via the CS pin and synchronizes the clock via SCK).Instruction parsing and execution: The main CPU verifies the received instruction data frame (such as CRC check), and after confirming that it is correct, it parses out the target address, control type and parameters; if the address matches its own device address, the main CPU outputs the corresponding control signal to the light driver circuit (such as PWM signal to adjust brightness, I2C signal to control RGB chip), driving the light to complete the specified action.

[0052] Status Information Upload Process (Stage Lighting Equipment → External Control Terminal). Status Acquisition: The status acquisition module of the stage lighting equipment (such as current sensors, temperature sensors, and fault detection circuits) collects lighting operating parameters (such as actual brightness, current temperature, and drive current) and fault information (such as LED damage and over-temperature protection) in real time and transmits them to the main CPU. Data Encapsulation and SPI Transmission: The main CPU encapsulates the collected status information into status data frames (including device address, status parameters, fault codes, and check bits) according to the communication protocol and transmits them to the Timo Two FX wireless module via the MOSI pin of the SPI bus (the main CPU actively sends the data, and the module responds via the CS pin). Wireless Transmission: The third-party wireless module modulates the status data frames into radio frequency signals and transmits them to the external control terminal via an antenna. Data Reception and Display: The wireless transceiver module of the external control terminal receives the radio frequency signal, demodulates it, and restores it to a status data frame. After verification, the device status information is parsed and displayed on the operation interface or host computer software (e.g., "Device 1: Brightness 50%, Temperature 35℃, Normal"). If a fault is detected, an alarm is triggered (e.g., buzzer, flashing red light). Communication Stability Guarantee Mechanism: SPI Bus Stability: The SPI communication between the main CPU and the wireless module uses hardware verification (e.g., parity checking supported by some modules). Simultaneously, the main CPU uses a software timer to implement communication timeout retransmission to avoid data loss. Wireless Communication Stability: The Timo Two FX wireless module uses frequency hopping technology (e.g., 2.4GHz band frequency hopping) to resist electromagnetic interference in the stage environment (e.g., audio equipment, other wireless devices). The communication data frame uses CRC16 verification. The main CPU and the external control terminal verify the received data; if verification fails, a retransmission is requested. Key Technical Parameter Description: To ensure the solution adapts to the control requirements of stage lighting (low latency, high stability, multi-device collaboration), the key technical parameters of the core components must meet the following requirements:

[0053] TimoTwoFX SPI interface wireless module 1. Communication Interface: Standard SPI, supporting master / slave mode (the module operates in slave mode in this solution), clock frequency 0-10MHz; 2. Wireless Performance: Transmission distance ≥ 50 meters (open stage scenario), transmission rate ≥ 2Mbps, signal packet loss rate ≤ 0.1%; 3. Operating Frequency Band: 2.4GHz (general unlicensed frequency band, compatible with most control terminals) or UHF band (stronger anti-interference); 4. Protocol Support: Compatible with external control terminal communication protocols (such as DMX512 wireless extension protocol, TCP / IP protocol); 5. Operating Voltage: 3.3V±0.2V, operating current ≤ 30mA (transmit state), ≤ 5mA (receive state). Stage lighting main CPU 1. SPI Interface: Supports master mode, with a hardware SPI controller (reducing software overhead), and configurable clock polarity / phase; 2. Processing Performance: Main frequency ≥72MHz, supports interrupt response (event reporting via the INT pin of the adapter module); 3. Storage Capacity: Flash ≥64KB (stores communication protocol and control logic), RAM ≥8KB (buffers data transmission and reception). Wireless communication link 1. Command latency: The delay from the issuance of control commands from the external terminal to the execution of the lighting actions is ≤100ms (meeting the real-time requirements of the stage); 2. Network capacity: A single external control terminal can connect ≥32 stage lighting devices simultaneously (supporting large stage scenes). Power supply module 1. Output voltage accuracy: ±5% (to ensure the power supply stability of the main CPU and wireless module); 2. Ripple noise: ≤50mV (to avoid power supply noise interfering with SPI communication and wireless signals).

[0054] Users can also enable or disable the wireless function through the program within the light.

[0055] RDM Functionality and Core Value: Function Definition: RDM (Remote Device Management) is a bidirectional communication standard based on the DMX512 protocol extension (compliant with ANSI E1.20). In this stage lighting wireless control system based on the TimoTwo FX module, the RDM function, through the collaboration of a 2.4G wireless link and SPI interface, enables remote identification, parameter configuration, status monitoring, and fault diagnosis of stage lighting terminal devices, breaking the limitations of the traditional unidirectional control of DMX512 systems. Core Value: Simplified device management: Address allocation and parameter debugging can be completed without physical contact with the lighting fixtures, solving the debugging challenges in large-scale stage multi-device wiring environments. Real-time status awareness: Accurately collects lighting fixture operating data (temperature, current, fault codes, etc.), realizing a transformation from "passive maintenance" to "proactive early warning." Compatibility with standardized systems: Supports interface with third-party standard RDM controllers, ensuring system interoperability and reducing equipment replacement costs. Improved Operation and Maintenance Efficiency: Leveraging wireless transmission capabilities, remote fault location of lighting fixtures in high-altitude or concealed locations can be achieved, reducing manual inspection workload. RDM Protocol Adaptation and Frame Structure Design: Protocol layer adaptation; the Timo Two FX module has a built-in RDM protocol processing unit, compatible with the ANSI E1.20-2020 standard, implementing the following core protocol functions: Device Discovery: Supports broadcast and directional device scanning to obtain the unique identifier (UID) of the lighting fixture. Parameter Control: Enables bidirectional interaction of core lighting fixture parameters through standard parameter IDs (PIDs). Status Reporting: Supports both active reporting and passive querying status transmission modes. Fault Notification: Triggers emergency status frame transmission when a lighting fixture experiences faults such as overheating or damaged LEDs. Data Frame Structure Design: RDM data frames are based on an extension of the original system communication frame format, distinguishing RDM frames from ordinary control frames through frame header identifiers. The specific structure is as follows:

[0056] Frame Header (SOF) 1 The frame start identifier is fixed at 0x7E to distinguish it from ordinary control frames. Frame type 1 0x01 = RDM command frame, 0x02 = RDM response frame, 0x03 = RDM alarm frame UID 6 The device's unique identifier (including manufacturer ID and device serial number) conforms to the ANSI E1.20 UID coding standard. Command code / Response code 2 For example, 0x0002 = device discovery command, 0x000A = parameter read command, and 0x000B = parameter write command. Parameter ID (PID) 2 Target parameter identifiers, such as 0x0003 = device name, 0x0060 = operating temperature, 0x0061 = drive current. Parameter length 2 The number of bytes of subsequent parameter data, ranging from 0 to 255. Parameter data N Specific parameter values, such as device name string and temperature value (unit: °C, 16-bit integer). CRC16 check 2 Cover all fields from frame type to parameter data to ensure data integrity. End of frame (EOF) 1 The end-of-frame identifier is fixed at 0x7F.

[0057] RDM Function Hardware Integration Solution: Hardware connection expansion based on the existing SPI bus five-wire structure. The RDM function requires no additional hardware interface, reusing existing connection relationships. It only needs to achieve fast response to RDM events via the IRQ interrupt pin. Specific expansion details are as follows:

[0058] IRQ IRQ_N GPIO_EXTIx Low-level triggering is used to report RDM events (such as fault alarms and parameter changes).

[0059] Additional wiring requirements: IRQ pin wiring must use single-ended grounded shielded wire, with a length ≤5cm, and should be kept away from power supply lines and wireless module antenna areas to avoid interruption caused by electromagnetic interference.

[0060] 2. Core Hardware Guarantees: Signal Integrity: The SPI bus clock frequency is maintained at 0-10MHz to match the maximum data transmission rate requirements of the RDM protocol. Signal attenuation is reduced through PCB layout optimization (shortening trace length ≤10cm). Power Supply Stability: The existing LDO regulator circuit (AMS1117-3.3) is reused, and an additional 22μF tantalum capacitor is connected in parallel to the power pin of the wireless module to reduce power supply ripple interference during RDM frame transmission (ripple noise ≤50mV). Antenna Adaptation: If an external antenna is used, its gain must be ≥2dBi to ensure the reliability of RDM command transmission in a 50-meter stage scenario (packet loss rate ≤0.1%).

[0061] RDM Function Software Implementation Architecture: Software module division, device identity management module, UID generation and storage: Timo Two FX modules are pre-programmed with a unique UID (containing a 2-byte manufacturer ID and a 4-byte device serial number). The main CPU can read the UID via SPI commands and store it in a specified sector of Flash. Custom UID configuration: Supports modifying the device serial number portion (the last 4 bytes) via RDM write commands to meet user-defined device identification requirements. Parameter management module: Maintains the RDM standard parameter table, covering core operating parameters and device information. Key parameter definitions are as follows:

[0062] 0x0003 Equipment Name String Reading and writing Maximum 32 bytes - 0x0004 Manufacturer Name String Read-only Fixed as "Timo" - 0x0010 DMX address 16-bit integer Reading and writing 1-512 - 0x0060 Operating temperature 16-bit integer Read-only -40~125 ℃ 0x0061 Drive current 16-bit integer Read-only 0~2000 mA 0x0070 Fault codes 8-bit integer Read-only 0 = Normal, 1 = Overheating, 2 = LED damaged - 0x0090 Firmware version String Read-only For example, "V1.2.0" -

[0063] Protocol parsing module, command frame parsing: The main CPU receives RDM command frames forwarded by the Timo Two FX module via SPI, first checks the CRC16, then parses the UID, command code, and PID. If a match is found, the corresponding operation is executed. Response frame generation: A response frame is generated based on the command execution result (success / failure / invalid parameter), filled with a status code (e.g., 0x00 = success, 0x05 = parameter not writable), and transmitted to the module via SPI. Alarm frame triggering: When the status acquisition module detects an anomaly, it actively generates an alarm frame, notifies the main CPU via IRQ interrupt, and prioritizes transmission to the control terminal. Communication scheduling module, timing coordination: A hybrid scheduling mechanism of "polling + interrupt" is adopted. Regular parameter queries use timed polling (1-second cycle), while fault alarms use interrupt-triggered immediate transmission. Conflict avoidance: When multiple devices report RDM data simultaneously, the module achieves time-sharing transmission by sorting by UID to avoid wireless channel congestion. Key software flow: Device discovery process: The external control terminal sends an RDM broadcast discovery command (command code 0x0002), which is encapsulated into an RDM frame and transmitted wirelessly via 2.4G; the Timo Two FX module receives the frame signal, demodulates it, and transmits it to the main CPU via SPI; the main CPU verifies the UID matching (no matching is required for broadcast commands) and generates a response frame containing its own UID; the response frame is transmitted back to the module via SPI and sent to the control terminal via the wireless link; the control terminal summarizes all device responses, generates a device list, and displays it.

[0064] Parameter read / write process (taking reading operating temperature as an example): The control terminal sends a parameter read command (command code 0x000A, PID=0x0060), specifying the target device UID; the target lighting module receives the command and forwards it to the main CPU; the main CPU obtains the current temperature data (e.g., 35℃) from the status acquisition module and encapsulates it into a response frame; the response frame is wirelessly transmitted back to the control terminal, parsed, and the temperature value is displayed. Fault alarm reporting process: When the lighting temperature sensor detects a temperature ≥65℃, the status acquisition module triggers a fault signal; the main CPU receives the fault signal and generates an alarm frame (frame type 0x03, fault code 0x01); the main CPU triggers a module interrupt via the IRQ pin, prioritizing the transmission of the alarm frame; after receiving the alarm frame, the control terminal triggers an audible and visual alarm and displays the faulty device UID and cause. Key technical parameters of RDM function:

[0065] UID characteristics Unique globally, compliant with ANSI E1.20 standard, supports software modification of the device serial number portion. Number of parameters supported Built-in ≥32 standard PIDs, supports ≥16 custom PIDs Communication response delay The time from RDM command issuance to receiving a response is ≤200ms (including wireless transmission and SPI interaction delays). Device discovery capacity A single control terminal can discover ≥32 RDM devices (matching the system network capacity). Status reporting frequency The reporting cycle for standard parameters is adjustable from 1 to 10 seconds, and fault alarms are reported immediately (delay ≤ 50ms). Transmission reliability Employing CRC16 checksum + timeout retransmission mechanism, the RDM frame transmission success rate is ≥99.9%. Protocol compatibility Compliant with ANSI E1.20-2020 standard, and can interface with third-party RDM consoles (such as MA Lighting console).

[0066] RDM Functional Testing and Verification Standards: Functional Testing, Device Discovery Test: Deploy 32 luminaires in a 50-meter open environment, execute the discovery command on the control terminal, and verify a device recognition rate of 100%. Parameter Read / Write Test: Perform 1000 parameter read / write operations (including address, temperature, and name) on 10 luminaires in a loop, and verify a response success rate of ≥99.9%. Precautions and Maintenance Instructions: UID Uniqueness Guarantee: Manually modifying the manufacturer ID portion (first 2 bytes) is strictly prohibited to avoid system device identity conflicts.

[0067] Parameter Configuration Restrictions: Parameters must conform to the specified value range (e.g., DMX address 1-512) when written; otherwise, the device will return an "invalid parameter" response. Troubleshooting Priority: When RDM communication is abnormal, prioritize checking the integrity of the SPI wiring, antenna connection status, and power ripple (≤50mV). Firmware Upgrade Support: The RDM protocol firmware of the Timo TwoFX module can be updated via RDM write commands. A stable power supply must be maintained during the upgrade process. Battery Module: The core configuration of the module. This lamp has a built-in high-capacity lithium battery module, serving as the core power supply unit and providing stable power for the lighting system. The lithium battery selection must match the lamp's power requirements and installation space limitations to ensure sufficient capacity and structural compatibility.

[0068] The circuit connection design includes a main power supply circuit. The positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery module are directly connected to the power input interface of the lighting mainboard via physical wires, forming the main power supply circuit. During the connection process, it is necessary to ensure that the wire specifications match the battery output current, and the interface adopts a robust plug-in or soldering connection process to prevent poor contact from causing power interruption.

[0069] The charging circuit connection employs a dual-cable parallel connection design between the lithium battery module and the DC charging port, enhancing the stability and current carrying capacity of the charging circuit. Simultaneously, an anti-reverse current diode is connected in series in the connection line between the positive terminal of the DC charging port and the positive terminal of the battery. This diode has unidirectional conductivity, effectively blocking reverse current flow. When a short circuit occurs at the DC charging port due to external physical impact, foreign object insertion, or other reasons, it cuts off the power supply path from the battery to the short-circuit point, preventing the battery module from burning out due to continuous high-current discharge and ensuring the overall safety of the module and the lighting fixture.

[0070] Key technical points and connection reliability: All line connection points must be insulated using high-temperature resistant and anti-aging insulating materials to prevent short-circuit faults caused by line wear. Diode selection: Anti-reverse current diodes should be selected with a forward current ≥5A, reverse voltage 40V, and forward voltage drop ~0.55V, ensuring that their reverse breakdown voltage, forward conduction current, and other performance indicators meet circuit requirements. Module integration: The lithium battery module must be precisely adapted to the internal structure of the lamp, with sufficient heat dissipation space to avoid affecting the battery's lifespan and safety due to poor heat dissipation. Charger: The charger should have an output voltage of 13.2V - 13.3V and an output current of 2A - 5A, charging mode of constant current constant voltage (CC-CV). It should also have overcurrent / overvoltage / short-circuit protection, compatible interfaces, and correct polarity. Battery charging and discharging and safety protection process: Discharging: The battery module supplies power to each component through the power supply module. The BMS monitors the voltage in real time. When the voltage is ≤10.8V, the undervoltage protection is triggered. The main CPU reports a "low battery" warning to the main CPU, and the TFT display on the lamp shows the corresponding undervoltage prompt.

[0071] Charging: When connected to an external 13.3V charger, current flows into the battery through the anti-reverse diode. The BMS controls the charging current to ≤1A, and charging stops when the voltage reaches 13.2V. Short-circuit protection: If the charging port is short-circuited, the anti-reverse diode prevents current from flowing back into the battery. Bluetooth module: This technical solution addresses the pain points of complex wiring and poor mobility in wired control systems for stage lighting. It uses the Timo Two FX SPI built-in Bluetooth module as the core component for wireless communication. A data interaction link is established with the main CPU of the stage lighting system through the SPI interface, enabling low-latency, interference-resistant wireless communication between the external control terminal and the lighting equipment. This solution requires no additional gateway deployment and is suitable for multi-device collaborative control needs in small and medium-sized stages and temporary performances. It can replace the traditional DMX512 wired control link, improving system deployment flexibility and maintenance efficiency. Core components and selection criteria: The core components for Bluetooth communication in this solution include the Timo Two FX SPI Bluetooth module, the main CPU of the stage lighting system, and the Bluetooth unit of the external control terminal. The functions and selection requirements of each component are as follows:

[0072] TimoTwo FXSPI Bluetooth Module The core of wireless signal transceiver and protocol conversion enables bidirectional data transmission between the main CPU and external terminals. 1. Protocol version: BLE 5.0 and above (supports long-distance mode and broadcast communication); 2. Interface type: Standard SPI interface (supports slave mode); 3. Transmission performance: distance ≥ 30 meters (stage obstruction scenario), rate ≥ 1Mbps, transmit power adjustable from 0-4dBm; 4. Power consumption characteristics: receive current ≤ 15mA, sleep current ≤ 1μA; Stage lighting main CPU The control core is responsible for SPI data interaction with the Bluetooth module, command parsing, and lighting drive control. 1. Interface support: Equipped with a hardware SPI controller (supports master mode); 2. Processing performance: Main frequency ≥ 72MHz, supports interrupt response; 3. Storage capacity: Flash ≥ 64KB, RAM ≥ 8KB; External control terminal Bluetooth unit The wireless transceiver component of the external terminal (mobile phone / control console) achieves protocol matching and communication with a third-party Bluetooth module. 1. Protocol Compatibility: Same version as third-party Bluetooth modules (e.g., BLE 5.0); 2. Communication Capabilities: Supports point-to-point, broadcast, and multi-device connections (≥8 units); 3. Interface Adaptation: Supports UART / SPI connection to the terminal control unit.

[0073] Key selection considerations include: Stage scene adaptability: Prioritizing modules supporting the 2.4GHz unlicensed frequency band and featuring frequency hopping technology to resist electromagnetic interference from stage audio equipment, wireless microphones, etc.; Real-time communication: BLE 5.0 protocol connection intervals as low as 7.5ms, meeting real-time control requirements such as light flickering and color switching (command latency ≤50ms); Ease of integration: Using standardized Timo Two FX SPI modules (including package manual and drivers) to reduce interface compatibility with the main CPU; Control method: Bluetooth connection to the first light in a group. After receiving and processing the command, the first CPU sends the signal to the other lights in the group via the wireless module to achieve the control purpose. The hardware connection design between the Bluetooth module and the main CPU uses the SPI interface as the core connection. A third-party Bluetooth module acts as an SPI slave device, achieving physical and electrical connection with the main CPU through a four-wire SPI bus. The pin correspondence and signal definitions are as follows:

[0074] SCK (clock line) SCK PA5 (SPI1_SCK) The main CPU outputs a synchronous clock with a frequency configured to 5MHz (matching the SPI rate limit of most Bluetooth modules while ensuring stability). MOSI (Master Sender, Slave Receiver) MOSI PA7 (SPI1_MOSI) The main CPU transmits data (device status frames, configuration commands) to the Bluetooth module, with a data width of 8 bits. MISO (Master Receiver, Slave Transmitter) MISO PA6 (SPI1_MISO) The Bluetooth module transmits data (external control commands, module status) to the main CPU, with a data width of 8 bits. CS_N (Chip Select Line) CS PB0 (GPIO push-pull output) The main CPU outputs a low level to select a module, enabling multi-device addressing (it can be fixed low for a single module, and independently controlled for multiple modules). VCC (Positive Power Supply) VCC 3.3V regulated output terminal The module's operating voltage must be regulated by an LDO (such as AMS1117-3.3), with ripple ≤50mV. GND (Ground) GND systematically The wiring must share a common ground with the main CPU and power supply module to ensure low impedance and avoid signal interference. IRQ – Interrupt signal Active low, can be configured via the interrupt mask register.

[0075] Hardware Integration and Cabling Requirements: Physical Integration: The Bluetooth module is integrated within the Timo Two FX, sharing the SPI bus with the Timo Two FX wireless module. Communication Protocol and Data Interaction Design: The communication protocol architecture adopts a three-tier architecture: "Physical Layer (Bluetooth RF) - Link Layer (BLE Connection Management) - Application Layer (Custom Command Frame)". The application layer command frame format is customized based on stage lighting control requirements to ensure data transmission integrity and readability. Physical Layer: Based on the BLE 5.0 standard, using GFSK modulation, with a channel spacing of 2MHz, selecting broadcast channels 37, 38, and 39 and data channels 0-36. Link Layer: Connection Mode: Point-to-point connection (single control terminal → single lighting device → wireless forwarding to other lighting devices in the group). Application Layer: Custom data frame format, including frame header, address code, command code, parameter field, check bit, and frame trailer, as detailed below:

[0076] Value examples 0xAA 0x01 (single lamp) / 0xFF (broadcast) 0x03 (Flicker) 0x0A (Frequency 10Hz) 0x5F8A 0x55

[0077] The core instruction definitions are as follows: Application layer instructions are divided into two categories: "control instructions" and "status instructions." The key instruction codes and parameter definitions are as follows:

[0078] Control commands 0x01 Brightness adjustment 1B, with values ​​from 0x00 (0%) to 0xFF (100%) The status frame returns the current brightness value. Control commands 0x03 Strobe mode control 1B, with values ​​from 0x01 to 0x64 (1-100Hz). The status frame returns the flashing frequency and operating status. Control commands 0x05 Color switching (RGB lights) 3B corresponds to the brightness of the R, G, and B channels (0x00-0xFF) respectively. The status frame returns the current RGB value. Status instructions 0x80 Device status query No parameters The status frame returns brightness, temperature, and communication signal strength. Status instructions 0x81 Bluetooth module self-test No parameters The status frame returns the module voltage and connection status.

[0079] Bluetooth module workflow, initialization process, hardware reset: After the main CPU powers on, it outputs a 100ms low level to the Bluetooth module reset pin (RST) through the GPIO pin to complete the module hardware reset;

[0080] SPI Configuration: The main CPU initializes the SPI controller, configuring clock polarity (CPOL=0), clock phase (CPHA=0), data bit width (8 bits), baud rate (5MHz), and enabling SPI master mode and interrupts; Module Parameter Configuration: The main CPU sends configuration commands to the Bluetooth module via the SPI bus, setting the broadcast name (e.g., "StageLight_01"), transmit power (3dBm), connection interval (10ms), and device address (0x01); Standby Ready: After the Bluetooth module completes the configuration, it outputs a low level on the INT pin to trigger an interrupt. After receiving the interrupt signal, the main CPU confirms that the module has entered standby mode, waiting for an external control terminal to connect. Control command reception and execution process (external terminal → lighting equipment): Command generation and transmission: The operator selects "strobe mode" through the external control terminal (mobile APP), inputs a frequency of 10Hz, and the terminal encapsulates the command into a data frame (0xAA + 0x01 + 0x03 + 0x0A + 0x5F8A + 0x55), which is then transmitted by the terminal's Bluetooth unit; Wireless reception and demodulation: The Timo Two FX module receives the RF signal through the antenna, demodulates it using GFSK, and restores it to a data frame, which is stored in the module's internal receive buffer; SPI data transmission: The Bluetooth module triggers an interrupt to the main CPU through the INT pin. After responding to the interrupt, the main CPU pulls low on the CS_N pin to select the module and reads the data frame from the receive buffer through the SPI_MISO pin; Command verification and parsing: The main CPU performs CRC verification on the data frame. After confirming that it is correct, it parses the address code (0x01 matches its own address), the command code (0x03 is for strobe control), and the parameters (0x0A corresponds to 10Hz); Lighting drive control: The main CPU... Output a 10Hz PWM control signal to the light driver chip (such as SM16825E) to drive the light to achieve a strobe effect, and record the current status at the same time.Status Information Reporting Process (Lighting Equipment → External Terminal): Status Acquisition: The main CPU acquires the light brightness feedback value and temperature sensor data (such as DS18B20) through the built-in ADC, and queries the Bluetooth module for signal strength (RSSI) via SPI; Data Encapsulation: The main CPU encapsulates the acquired data into a status frame (0xBB + 0x01 + 0x50 + 0x20 + 0x3C + 0x7A9D + 0x66, where 0x50 represents brightness 80%, 0x20 represents temperature 32℃, and 0x3C represents signal strength -52dBm); SPI Data Transmission: The main CPU pulls the CS_N pin low and writes the status frame into the Bluetooth module's transmit buffer via the SPI_MOSI pin; Wireless Transmission: After the Bluetooth module detects data in the transmit buffer, it automatically modulates the data frame into an RF signal and transmits it to the external control terminal through the antenna; Terminal Display: The external control terminal receives and parses the status frame, and displays "Device 1: Brightness 80%, Temperature 32℃, Signal Good" on the interface. Connection maintenance process, disconnection and reconnection: If the Bluetooth connection is interrupted, the module reports a disconnection event via the INT pin. The main CPU triggers the reconnection mechanism, the module restarts broadcasting, and the external terminal automatically re-pairs after detecting the broadcast signal. The reconnection time is ≤2s. Channel switching: When the current channel signal interference is strong (RSSI≤-85dBm), the module automatically scans other channels and switches. During the switching process, it reports the status to the main CPU via SPI to ensure uninterrupted data transmission. Stability and anti-interference guarantee design: SPI communication stability guarantee, timing matching: The SPI clock and data phase are calibrated using an oscilloscope to ensure that the CPOL / CPHA parameters of the main CPU and the Bluetooth module are completely consistent to avoid data sampling errors. Timeout retransmission: The main CPU sets an SPI communication timeout timer (10ms). If no response is received from the module within the timeout period, the command is automatically retransmitted, up to 3 times. Hardware verification: The parity check function of the Bluetooth module's SPI interface is enabled. The main CPU performs parity check on the received data. If the check fails, the data is discarded and a retransmission is requested.Wireless Communication Anti-interference Design: Frequency Hopping Technology: Adopting a BLE5.0 adaptive frequency hopping mechanism, the module monitors channel quality in real time, avoiding channels with strong interference, with a frequency hopping rate ≥1600 times / second; Power Adjustment: The main CPU dynamically adjusts the transmit power based on the RSSI value reported by the Bluetooth module. When the signal strength is sufficient (RSSI≥-60dBm), the power is reduced to 0dBm, and when the signal is weak, it is increased to 4dBm, balancing power consumption and communication distance; Data Frame Protection: CRC16 cyclic redundancy check is used, covering all data from the frame header to the parameter field, ensuring that errors caused by interference during data transmission can be identified; Wiring Optimization: The Bluetooth module antenna is kept away from strong interference sources such as LED driver circuits and power transformers. Shielded twisted-pair cables are used for the SPI signal lines, and the grounding layer is isolated separately to reduce electromagnetic coupling interference. Key Technical Parameters Summary:

[0081] Bluetooth protocol version BLE 5.0 and above Transmission distance ≥30 meters (stage obstruction scenario, transmission power 3dBm) Communication delay Command issuance delay ≤ 50ms, status reporting delay ≤ 80ms Network capacity A single control terminal can connect to a maximum of 32 lighting devices (no limit in broadcast mode). SPI communication parameters Clock frequency 0-5MHz, data width 8 bits, supports CPOL=0 / CPHA=0 or CPOL=1 / CPHA=1 timing. Anti-interference capability With 37 frequency hopping channels, the signal packet loss rate is ≤0.1% (in a 2.4GHz interference environment). Operating power consumption Receive state ≤15mA, sleep state ≤1μA Work environment Temperature -10℃ to 50℃, humidity 10% to 90% (non-condensing)

[0082] Users can also enable or disable Bluetooth functionality via the lamp's internal program menu. Infrared control: The HS0038B (plug-in type) infrared receiver is connected to 5V at one end and grounded at the other, outputting a decoded digital signal (active low), which is directly connected to the CPU's external interrupt input port, triggering a falling edge interrupt. Hardware connection design between the infrared module and the main CPU: The core connection circuit uses the infrared receiver module as a signal input component, directly connecting to the main CPU via a GPIO interface. The circuit structure is simple, and the specific connection method is as follows:

[0083] VCC (Positive Power Supply) VCC 3.3V regulated output terminal The module's operating voltage, regulated by an LDO (such as XC6206-3.3), has a ripple ≤100mV, and is connected in series with a 100Ω current-limiting resistor. GND (Ground) GND systematically The wiring shares a common ground with the main CPU and power supply module, and uses a star ground to reduce ground noise interference. OUT (Signal Output) OUT PA0 (GPIO input, drop-down input mode) The module outputs a TTL level signal (active low) after demodulation, which is connected to the external interrupt input port of the main CPU to trigger a falling edge interrupt. (Optional) NC NC - Floating pin, no connection required

[0084] Communication Protocol and Data Interaction Design: The communication protocol architecture adopts a three-tier architecture: "Physical Layer (Infrared Light Signal) - Link Layer (Carrier Modulation) - Application Layer (Custom Command Frame)," based on the standard NEC infrared encoding protocol to ensure the accuracy of command transmission: Physical Layer: Uses infrared light as the transmission medium, wavelength 940nm (invisible light, to avoid affecting stage lighting effects), transmission rate ≤1000bps; Link Layer: Uses 38kHz square wave carrier modulation, data bits use pulse width encoding (Logic 0: 560μs high level + 560μs low level; Logic 1: 560μs high level + 1680μs low level), frame interval ≥10ms; Application Layer: Custom command frame format, based on NEC protocol extensions, including device address code, command code, and check bit, as detailed below:

[0085] Function Description Wake up the receiving module Distinguishing different lighting equipment Address verification Control command types Instruction verification Value examples 9ms High + 4.5ms Low 0x01 (Light No. 1) 0xFE 0x05 (Color Switch) 0xFA

[0086] The core instruction definitions and application layer instructions are divided into three categories: "single lamp control instructions," "multiple lamp broadcast instructions," and "status query instructions." The key instruction codes and function definitions are as follows:

[0087] Single lamp control command 0x01 Brightness adjustment Single light brightness adjustable from 0-100% The unique address of the target device (e.g., 0x01, 0x02) Single lamp control command 0x03 Strobe mode on / off Single light flicker function switching Unique address of target device Single lamp control command 0x05 RGB color switching Color adjustment for a single RGB light (parameters include RGB values) Unique address of target device Multi-light broadcast instructions 0xFF All lights on / off All lights are switched on and off synchronously. Broadcast address 0xFF (all devices respond) Multi-light broadcast instructions 0xFE Scene mode call All lights synchronously execute preset scenes (such as follow spots). Broadcast address 0xFF Status query command 0x80 Equipment online status feedback Detect whether the target device is receiving signals normally Unique address of target device

[0088] Infrared module workflow, initialization process, module power-on reset: After the lighting device is powered on, the infrared receiving module enters the receiving state after a 100ms stabilization period, and the OUT pin outputs a high level (idle state).

[0089] CPU Peripheral Configuration: The main CPU initializes the PA0 pin to pull-down input mode and enables external interrupts (falling edge triggered); it configures the timer (e.g., TIM2) to microsecond-level counting mode for measuring the infrared signal pulse width; Decoding Parameter Configuration: The main CPU loads NEC protocol decoding parameters (bootcode pulse width 9ms + 4.5ms, data bit pulse width threshold 1120μs) and sets the instruction reception timeout (50ms); Standby Ready: The main CPU enters interrupt waiting state, and the infrared receiving module monitors the 38kHz infrared signal in real time, waiting for instructions from the external control terminal. Control Instruction Reception and Execution Flow (External Terminal → Lighting Equipment): Instruction Generation and Transmission: The operator selects "Light 1 brightness 50%" via the buttons on the external infrared control terminal. The terminal main control unit generates an instruction frame (device address 0x01, instruction code 0x01, parameter 0x32) and sends it to the infrared transmitting module via the UART interface; the transmitting module modulates the instruction frame into a 38kHz infrared light signal and transmits it towards the lighting equipment via the infrared transmitter. Infrared signal reception and demodulation: The infrared receiving module of the lighting equipment receives infrared light signals through the light-transmitting hole. The built-in bandpass filter filters out signals other than 38kHz. The demodulation circuit converts the light signal into a TTL level signal (prefix code → address code → instruction code → check code), which is output to the PA0 pin of the main CPU through the OUT pin. Interrupt triggering and decoding: The falling edge of the TTL signal triggers an external interrupt of the main CPU. The CPU starts a timer to measure the signal pulse width and parses the binary data according to the pulse width value (0 for pulse width ≤ 1120μs, 1 for > 1120μs). The device address code, instruction code, and check code are extracted in sequence. Instruction verification and execution: The main CPU compares the address code with its own preset address (e.g., 0x01). If they match, it verifies the instruction code and its complement (e.g., whether the instruction code 0x01 and its complement 0xFE are complementary). After verification, the instruction is parsed as "brightness 50%", and a PWM signal with a 50% duty cycle is output to the LED driver chip to drive the light to adjust its brightness. Execution Feedback (Optional): If the terminal supports receiving feedback, the indicator light on the main CPU-controlled lighting device will flash once to indicate successful command execution. Multi-light Synchronous Control Flow (External Terminal → Multiple Lighting Devices): Broadcast Command Generation: The operator selects "Turn on all lights" via the terminal, and the terminal generates a broadcast command frame (address code 0xFF, command code 0x02, inverse code 0xFD). Specifically, multi-group light control flow: Infrared control only the nearest light, and the nearest light must be set to master mode, while other lights are in slave mode. The first light parses the received infrared control signal and broadcasts it wirelessly to the lights in other groups via 2.4G.Hardware stability assurance and optimized power supply filtering: The infrared receiver module's power input uses a combination of "10μF electrolytic capacitor + 0.1μF ceramic capacitor" for filtering to suppress power ripple interference; the module and the main CPU use independent LDO voltage regulators to prevent CPU power fluctuations from affecting module operation; signal isolation design: a 220Ω current-limiting resistor is connected in series with the infrared receiver module's OUT pin and a 4.7V Zener diode is connected in parallel to prevent the module's output overvoltage signal from damaging the CPU; physical protection measures: the infrared light-transmitting hole of the device casing is made of scratch-resistant acrylic material, and an infrared anti-reflection film is pasted inside to improve signal transmittance; the module's receiving window is kept away from the heat dissipation holes of the lighting equipment to avoid high temperatures affecting the module's sensitivity. Key technical parameters summary:

[0090] Infrared carrier frequency 38kHz±2kHz Transmission distance ≤15 meters (open scene), ≤8 meters (slightly obstructed scene) Communication delay Instruction issuance to execution delay ≤100ms Network capacity A single terminal supports independent control of ≥16 devices, with no upper limit on broadcast control. Receiver sensitivity ≤-85dBm Anti-interference capability For non-38kHz signals, attenuation is ≥20dB, and the false alarm rate is ≤0.01% (under strong light conditions). Operating power consumption (receiver module) Static current ≤ 1mA, receiving current ≤ 5mA Work environment Temperature -20℃ to 60℃, humidity 10% to 95% (non-condensing), resistance to ambient light intensity ≤10000 lux

[0091] This light has multiple built-in shortcut commands, eliminating the need for users to navigate through cumbersome lighting menus to set parameters. Settings can be configured with a single button press via the infrared remote control, or the infrared function can be turned on or off through the light's internal program. ART-NET Functionality and Core Value: ART-NET is an open Ethernet-based lighting control protocol (compliant with a subset of the ANSI E1.31 standard) developed by Artistic Licence. It enables long-distance, high-reliability transmission of DMX512 control signals via a TCP / IP network. In this stage lighting system, the ART-NET function, through the collaboration between the ART-NET module and the STM32F103C8T6 main CPU, parses the ART-NET protocol data received over Ethernet into executable control commands for the lighting fixtures. Simultaneously, it enables network feedback of lighting fixture status information, constructing a stage lighting system of "centralized Ethernet control + distributed lighting fixture response." Core Values: Breaking Physical Limitations: Replacing traditional DMX512 wired transmission (maximum 120 meters per link), it achieves long-distance control of ≥100 meters via Ethernet, suitable for wide-area scenarios such as large theaters and outdoor performances. Supporting Large-Scale Networking: A single ART-NET controller can manage up to 256 DMX Universes (each Universe contains 512 control channels), meeting the needs of coordinated scheduling of thousands of lighting fixtures, and perfectly matching the multi-device adaptability of the STM32F103C8T6. Upgraded Transmission Stability: Based on TCP / IP's verification mechanism and Ethernet's anti-interference characteristics, it solves the problems of traditional DMX signal attenuation and crosstalk. Combined with STM32's hardware interrupt response, it improves the real-time performance of instruction execution. Compatible with Standardized Ecosystems: It can interface with mainstream ART-NET control consoles (such as GrandMA3 and Chamsys) and central control systems without the need for customized protocols, reducing system integration costs. ART-NET Protocol Adaptation and Frame Structure Design: Core Protocol Layer Adaptation (Based on STM32F103C8T6 Processing Capabilities). The ART-NET module and the STM32F103C8T6 main CPU work together to implement the core functions of the ANSI E1.31-2018 protocol. The following modules are key to adaptation: Node Discovery Mechanism: Supports ART-NET Poll (broadcast query) and Poll Reply (node ​​response). The STM32 responds to device scan requests from the console by storing its own UID, Universe ID, and other information. DMX Data Transmission: Receives ART-NET DMX data packets (OpOutput) and parses out the control values ​​(brightness, color, etc.) of 512 channels; supports actively reporting lamp status (such as faults, temperature) to the console (OpInput).Parameter configuration interface: Remote configuration of parameters such as lamp DMX address, Universe affiliation, and name is achieved through ART-NET Command packets (OpCommand). Configuration data is stored in the STM32's Flash memory. Key data frame structure (adapted to STM32 parsing efficiency): ART-NET packets are transmitted via UDP / IP. The STM32F103C8T6 needs to focus on parsing the following core fields (total frame length ≤ 530 bytes, matching CPU RAM cache capabilities):

[0092] Frame Identifier (ID) 8 Fixed as "Art-Net", used to distinguish ART-NET frames from other network frames. Directly compare byte sequences to quickly filter invalid frames. Opcode 2 Frame type identifiers: 0x5000 = Poll (query), 0x5000 = PollReply (response), 0x5000 = Output (DMX data) First, parse the data and then route it to the corresponding processing function. Protocol Version (ProtVer) 2 Fixed at 0x000E (V14) to ensure compatibility with the console protocol. Verify version consistency; discard if mismatched. Universe ID 2 The identification data belongs to the DMX Universe (0-32767), and the luminaire pre-configuration belongs to the Universe. Compare with the locally stored UniverseID and only process matching frames. DMX Channel Count (Length) 2 Number of valid DMX channels (≤512) Limit the parsing range to avoid memory overflow. DMX Data Area N Control values ​​for channels 1-512 (0-255 for each channel) Copy to the STM32's RAM cache for use by the light driver. Checksum 2 CRC8 checksum covering the DMX data area ensures data integrity. Hardware CRC module assists in calculation, improving verification efficiency.

[0093] Hardware integration solution (based on STM32F103C8T6 pinout and resources), core component selection and connection: The ART-NET module uses an Ethernet module with an SPI interface (such as W5500, ENC28J60, compatible with STM32's hardware SPI1). The hardware connection with STM32F103C8T6 is as follows (using the SPI bus, the CS pin is used to distinguish the ART-NET module from other SPI devices):

[0094] VCC 3.3V 3.3V (near PA0) The module is powered by a common ground with the STM32 and requires a 10Ω current-limiting resistor in series. GND GND GND Common ground ensures signal stability SCK SCK PA5 (SPI1_SCK) The SPI clock line is provided by the STM32 (master mode) with a frequency ≤10MHz (matching the upper limit of W5500). MOSI MOSI PA7 (SPI1_MOSI) STM32 transmits network configuration, data, etc. to the module MISO MISO PA6 (SPI1_MISO) The module transmits ART-NET data packets and status information to the STM32. CS (Selected Films) CS PB0 (GPIO) The STM32 selects the ART-NET module via high and low voltage levels (independent of the CS pin of the Timo module). RST (Reset) RST PB1 (GPIO) STM32 control module reset, pull low for 100ms during initialization. INT (Interrupt) INT PA1 (EXTI1) When the module receives an ART-NET frame, it triggers a low-level interrupt to notify the STM32 to read the data.

[0095] Key hardware design requirements (adapting to STM32 features): Power supply stability: The ART-NET module shares a 3.3V LDO (such as AMS1117-3.3) with the STM32F103C8T6. A 10μF electrolytic capacitor + a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor are connected in parallel to filter the module's power supply pins, with ripple noise ≤50mV (to avoid interfering with SPI communication).

[0096] PCB Layout: The ART-NET module should be placed close to the STM32's SPI1 pins (PA5-PA7). The SPI trace length should be ≤8cm, and the distance between it and the power traces and antenna area (Timo module) should be ≥1cm to reduce electromagnetic interference. Ethernet Interface: The module's RJ45 interface needs to integrate a network transformer (such as HR911105A), and the RJ45 casing should be grounded to enhance lightning strike and electrostatic discharge protection (stage environment protection requirements).

[0097] The software architecture (based on STM32F103C8T6 resource constraints) utilizes a 72MHz STM32F103C8T6 with 64KB Flash and 20KB RAM. The software adopts a modular + interrupt-driven design to balance functionality and resource consumption. The core modules are divided as follows: Core software module: Network driver layer (based on SPI interface), developing an ART-NET module driver based on the STM32 standard library (taking W5500 as an example), implementing low-level operations such as SPI initialization, register configuration, and data transmission and reception. Key functions: Network parameter configuration (static IP / subnet mask / gateway, stored in STM32 Flash), UDP port binding (ART-NET default port 6454), and interrupt reception of ART-NET frames. ART-NET protocol parsing layer: Frame filtering: Prioritizes verification of the "Art-Net" identifier and OpCode, discarding non-ART-NET frames or unsupported operation frames (such as OpFirmware) to reduce CPU overhead. Data Parsing: For OpOutput frames, extract the Universe ID and DMX data area, compare it with the local Universe configuration, and if a match is found, cache the DMX data in RAM (starting at address 0x20000000, occupying 512 bytes). Response Generation: For OpPoll frames, generate an OpPollReply frame containing the device UID, Universe ID, and name, and send it to the console via the module. DMX Data Forwarding Layer: Receive the DMX data parsed by the protocol layer and output PWM signals (or control the LED driver chip via I2C) through the STM32's GPIO to drive the lamp to complete actions such as brightness adjustment and color switching. Supports "Soft Synchronization" Mechanism: Use a timer (TIM2) to periodically read the DMX cache to ensure the periodic output of the lamp control signals (period 20ms, conforming to the DMX standard). Device Management Layer: Core parameters of the storage device: UID (unique STM32 ID, address 0x1FFFF7E8-0x1FFFF7F0), Universe ID (default 1), DMX start address (default 1), device name (default "STM32-ART-NET-Light"). These parameters are configurable via the ART-NET command frame. Status Acquisition and Reporting: The device acquires the lamp temperature (PA4) and current (PA3) via ADC. When a fault is detected (e.g., temperature ≥ 85℃), an OpInput frame is generated and actively reported to the console.Key software flow (based on STM32 interrupts and timers): System initialization process: After STM32 reset, initialize SPI1 (PA5-PA7), GPIO (CS / PB0, INT / PA1), timer (TIM2), and ADC (PA3-PA4); configure ART-NET module network parameters (read IP / subnet mask / gateway stored in Flash), bind UDP port 6454; enable module INT interrupt, and wait to receive poll query frames from the console. ART-NET DMX data reception and execution process: The console sends an OpOutput frame, which the ART-NET module receives and triggers an INT interrupt (PA1 low level); STM32 responds to the interrupt, reading the ART-NET frame from the module's receive buffer via SPI; the protocol layer verifies the frame identifier and Universe ID, and if they match, parses the DMX data area into the RAM buffer; the TIM2 timer (20ms cycle) triggers an interrupt, reads the DMX buffer, and outputs a PWM signal to the lighting driver circuit. The module encapsulates the frame into a UDP packet and sends it to the console, triggering an alarm. Key technical parameters (matching STM32F103C8T6 performance):

[0098] Network parameters Supports static IP configuration; UDP port is fixed at 6454; IPv4 compatible. The STM32 Flash memory stores IP parameters; the W5500 supports IPv4 / UDP. Universe support Supports 1 Universe (configurable, 0-32767); maximum resolution of 512 DMX channels. STM32 RAM (20KB) can easily cache 512 bytes of DMX data. Transmission delay The latency from ART-NET frame reception to lamp action execution is ≤100ms (including network transmission + STM32 parsing + PWM output). The STM32 microcontroller, with a main frequency of 72MHz, takes ≤1ms to parse a 530-byte frame. Node response speed The response delay after receiving a Poll query frame is ≤50ms. Interrupt-driven processing eliminates the need for polling and provides rapid response. Status reporting frequency Standard parameters (temperature, current) are recorded every 1 second; fault information is reported immediately (delay ≤ 50ms). ADC timed data acquisition + interrupt-triggered reporting balances resource usage. Storage capacity Device parameter storage occupies ≤4KB of Flash memory; program code occupies ≤48KB of Flash memory (reserved for upgrades). The STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller with 64KB Flash and 20KB RAM meets the requirements. Power adapter Operating voltage: 3.3V±0.2V; Operating current: ≤40mA (including module and CPU power consumption) Compatible with 3.3V LDO power supply for lighting fixtures, power consumption is adapted to the needs of stage equipment.

[0099] Testing and Verification Standards: Functional Testing, Node Discovery Testing: The console sends a Poll frame, and the luminaire returns a PollReply frame within 100ms. The console device list displays the luminaire's UID and name, with a 100% recognition rate. DMX Control Testing: The console sends brightness (channel 1, value 0-255) and RGB (channels 2-4, value 0-255) commands, with a 100% match between luminaire actions and commands. Precautions and Maintenance Instructions: Resource Conflict Avoidance: The ART-NET module and the Timo Two FX module share the STM32's SPI1. They must be distinguished through independent CS pins (PB0 controls ART-NET, another GPIO controls Timo) to avoid communication conflicts. Flash Write Protection: Write protection is enabled for the device parameter storage area (Flash sector), only temporarily unlocked during parameter configuration to prevent accidental erasure. Network Configuration Specifications: The luminaire's static IP must be on the same network segment as the console and switch (e.g., 192.168.1.x) to avoid IP conflicts causing communication interruptions. The core features of this utility model include: an adjustable-angle modular splicing system: through the compatible design of "I"-shaped and fan-shaped splicing components, it achieves rapid combination of multiple forms, solving the problem of monotonous splicing shapes in traditional splicing; a multi-protocol integrated wireless control architecture: integrating Bluetooth, infrared, and general wireless modules, supporting ART-NET / RDM / DMX512 protocols, achieving hierarchical control and rapid response; a full-spectrum multi-purpose light source integration solution: through multi-band LEDs and replaceable lens design, it achieves coloring, beam, and supplementary lighting functions in one; and a highly stable single-point single-control circuit: the CPU and driver chip are connected one-to-one, with closed-loop feedback, improving pixel control accuracy and response speed. The technical points to be protected are: a high-protection, modular stage pixel light structure, including a 168mm×168mm×150mm aluminum alloy chassis (IP65), an "I"-shaped basic splicing component, and an angle-adjustable fan-shaped extended splicing component; the basic splicing component has raised pressure strips at both ends, and the fan-shaped splicing component has an angle positioning track and a knob, which are connected through a compatible interface. After locking, the tensile strength is ≥15N, and the splicing gap is ≤0.5mm; a multi-protocol wirelessly controlled stage light, including a main CPU, a Bluetooth module, an infrared receiving module, and a general wireless module. The Bluetooth module and the infrared module are connected to the CPU through an SPI interface, supporting priority scheduling of ART-NET, RDM, and DMX512 protocols; a multi-battery wireless pixel stage light with a built-in full-spectrum LED light source module, including multiple band LEDs and replaceable lenses, a color temperature adjustment range of 2700K-10000K, and a color rendering index Ra≥95; a single-point single-control pixel light circuit, and the main CPU's I / O... The interface is connected one-to-one with the driver chip, and the driver chip feeds back the current signal to the CPU through the DOUT interface to form a closed-loop control.The battery safety power supply circuit includes a lithium battery pack, a 1N5822 anti-reverse diode, and a 7.5A PTC fuse; the diode is connected in series between the battery and the DC charging interface.

[0100] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are shown in the table below:

[0101] splicing flexibility Linear splicing is supported only, with ≤5 different shapes. Supports more than 10 shapes, including rings, W shapes, etc. The styling adaptability is improved by more than 5 times. Control method DMX512 wired control only Bluetooth + Infrared + Wireless multi-protocol, supports 3 control methods Setup time reduced by 80%, maintenance efficiency increased by 90%. Display effect Pixel density ≤300 dots / m², no video display Pixel density > 10125 dots / ㎡, supports 4K video. The display resolution has been increased by more than 20 times. Functional integration Staining function only Coloring + Beam + Fill Light (3-in-1) Equipment investment reduced by 60% Ease of deployment Relies on AC power, single unit weight ≥8kg Built-in battery (battery life ≥ 8 hours), weight ≤ 5 kg Setup staff reduced by 50%, adaptable to scenarios without power. stability Bus control is susceptible to interference, and splicing is prone to loosening. Single-point control + closed-loop feedback, interlocking design Signal packet loss rate ≤ 0.1%, splicing failure rate reduced to 0.

[0102] This technical solution has completed prototype development and scenario testing. The test results are as follows: Splicing performance test: 25 devices were spliced ​​into a ring structure in 18 minutes. Continuous vibration testing (50Hz, 2 hours) showed no loosening, indicating structural stability. Wireless control test: 25 devices were networked; ART-NET protocol video transmission latency ≤30ms, Bluetooth control response time ≤50ms, and infrared shortcut key response ≤50ms. Display effect test: 1080P video can be clearly displayed at a density of 10125 dots / ㎡, with a refresh rate of 30fps and no ghosting. Battery life test: 4 hours of battery life under full power operation, with 100% accuracy in low battery warnings. Environmental adaptability test: Normal operation within a temperature range of -20℃ to 60℃, and no faults in an environment with 95% humidity (non-condensing). These tests demonstrate that this utility model solution can meet the needs of various scenarios such as small and medium-sized stages, outdoor performances, and short video shooting. The technical solution is feasible and its performance is superior to existing products.

[0103] Through multi-form splicing and video display, it can be used for interactive art works in art galleries and commercial exhibition halls; with a built-in battery and high brightness mode, it can be used as an emergency lighting device for scenarios such as earthquakes and concerts; for film and television shooting fill light: full-spectrum light source and high color rendering index characteristics, it is suitable for the professional fill light needs of movies and short videos.

[0104] This utility model relates to a stage effect light comprising a lamp body and a splicing system. The lamp body is an aluminum alloy housing, internally housing an LED light source module, a control motherboard, a battery module, and a wireless communication module. The splicing system includes an I-shaped basic splicing component and a fan-shaped extended splicing component. The I-shaped basic splicing component can be inserted into a groove on the side of the lamp body to achieve a rigid connection between multiple lamp bodies to form a planar or three-dimensional shape. The fan-shaped extended splicing component can be connected to the I-shaped basic splicing component via connectors, and the connection angle can be changed by adjusting a knob on it to form a ring, semi-ring, or W-shaped shape. This enables a multi-functional stage effect light that integrates pixel display, beam illumination, and color effects, and supports wireless control and modular splicing.

[0105] In other words, this utility model, through the combination of modular splicing structure and multi-protocol wireless control system, along with full-spectrum light source and single-point single-control circuit, has achieved a comprehensive improvement in stage effect lights in terms of shape diversity, control flexibility, functional integration and deployment convenience, effectively solving the technical pain points of traditional lighting fixtures such as single function, complex wiring and fixed shape.

[0106] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light, characterized in that: The effect light includes a light body and a splicing system; wherein, the light body is an aluminum alloy box, which contains an LED light source module, a control motherboard, a battery module and a wireless communication module; The splicing system includes an I-shaped basic splicing component and a fan-shaped extended splicing component; the I-shaped basic splicing component can be inserted into the groove on the side of the lamp body to achieve a rigid connection between multiple lamp bodies to form a planar or three-dimensional shape; the fan-shaped extended splicing component can be connected to the I-shaped basic splicing component through a connector, and the connection angle can be changed by adjusting the knob on it to form a ring, semi-ring, or W-shaped shape.

2. The modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LED light source module includes at least one central LED for generating a beam effect; wherein the central LED is a multi-color high-power LED; And multiple pixel LEDs, which are arranged around the central LED to form a matrix, with each pixel LED controlled by an independent driver chip to achieve single-point single control; The LED light source module also includes an optical lens disposed in front of the LED light source module and used to focus the light emitted by the central LED to form a beam.

3. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The control motherboard is equipped with a first control circuit for controlling the real-time operation of the effect lights. The first control circuit includes a first control chip; the eighth, twenty-third, thirty-fifth, and forty-seventh pins of the first control chip are all grounded. The forty-third pin of the first control chip is electrically connected to the LED light source module; the first control chip is electrically connected to the wireless communication module through the fifteenth pin, the sixteenth pin, the seventeenth pin, and the eighteenth pin, respectively.

4. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first control chip is an STM32F103C8T6.

5. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 3, characterized in that, The LED light source module is provided with a second control circuit for driving and controlling the LED pixels. The second control circuit is equipped with a drive control chip; the DIN port of the drive control chip corresponds one-to-one with the IO port in the first control circuit and is electrically connected; wherein, the DOUT port of each drive chip is cascaded to the DIN port of the next drive chip, and the output terminal of each drive chip is connected to one or more pixel LEDs, forming a cascaded circuit with single-point single-control.

6. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driver chip is model SM16825E.

7. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The wireless communication module integrates 2.4G wireless, Bluetooth, and RDM functions, and is connected to the CPU on the control motherboard via an SPI interface; the wireless communication module supports the RDM protocol and the DMX512 protocol. The battery module is a lithium battery pack, and the battery module is connected to the control motherboard through a power supply circuit; the lamp body is provided with a DC charging interface, and an anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the line between the positive terminal of the DC charging interface and the positive terminal of the battery module.

8. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wireless communication module is equipped with a third control circuit for realizing wireless communication; The third control circuit is equipped with a third control chip; the third control chip is a TIMO Two module. The third control chip is electrically connected to the second control chip in the third control circuit through pins 8, 10, 11, and 12.

9. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second control chip is model number SN75176BDR.

10. A modular, multi-functional, wirelessly controlled stage effect light according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lamp body is also equipped with an infrared receiving module. The output of the infrared receiving module is directly connected to the external interrupt input port of the CPU on the control motherboard, and is used to receive and decode infrared remote control signals.

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