A multi-stage manifold resistance-regulating large-size photovoltaic-thermal module
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522382713.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-10
AI Technical Summary
[0002]建筑屋顶具有优良的利用空间，可有效安装光伏、太阳能集热器以及光伏光热模块等太阳能系统以减少建筑能耗，尤其是在太阳能资源丰富的青藏高原或川西地区，高原地区具有温度低、采暖需求大等特点，具有连接管件少，焊接少，超厚保温，边缘热损失小等优点的大尺寸光伏光热模块可以有效解决以上问题，其中大尺寸太阳能集热器面积范围为10m2-20m2，然而大尺寸将倍数增加换热管路，从而引发局部或整体换热流体流量不均，导致管路上方光伏电池片工作温度不均，影响其发电效率和寿命
[0022]通过设置多根第三集管连通微通道扁管，实现了管路的多级分流或汇流，从而能够灵活调节模块局部或整体的流动阻力，这种设计便于根据光伏光热模块不同区域的流量动态调整流体流量，避免局部过热或冷却，确保整个大尺寸模块的温度均匀性，引入第三集管实现了二次甚至多次的流阻调控，从局部到整体优化了热交换效率，最终提升了太阳能光伏光热模块的均温性和运行稳定性，延长了模块寿命。
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Figure CN224837919U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic and solar thermal technology, specifically relating to a multi-level manifold adjustable large-size photovoltaic and solar thermal module. Background Technology
[0002] Building rooftops offer excellent space utilization, effectively facilitating the installation of solar energy systems such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, solar collectors, and PV / thermal modules to reduce building energy consumption. This is particularly beneficial in regions rich in solar energy resources, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and western Sichuan. These high-altitude areas are characterized by low temperatures and high heating demands. Large-size PV / thermal modules, with advantages such as fewer connecting pipes and welding, ultra-thick insulation, and minimal edge heat loss, can effectively address these challenges. Large-size solar collectors, with an area ranging from 10m², are particularly useful. 2 -20m 2 However, larger sizes will increase the heat exchange pipeline by several times, which will cause uneven flow of heat exchange fluid in some areas or the whole, resulting in uneven operating temperature of photovoltaic cells above the pipeline, affecting their power generation efficiency and lifespan. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention provides a multi-stage manifold adjustable large-size photovoltaic thermal module. By connecting multiple third manifolds to microchannel flat tubes, multi-stage flow branching or convergence of the pipeline is achieved, enabling flexible adjustment of the flow resistance of the module locally or as a whole. This design facilitates dynamic adjustment of fluid flow based on the flow rate in different areas of the photovoltaic thermal module, avoiding local overheating or cooling, ensuring temperature uniformity of the entire large-size module. The introduction of third manifolds enables secondary or even multiple flow resistance regulation, optimizing heat exchange efficiency from local to overall, ultimately improving the temperature uniformity and operational stability of the solar photovoltaic thermal module, and extending the module's lifespan.
[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:
[0005] A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module includes photovoltaic cells. A heat-absorbing plate is disposed at the lower part of the photovoltaic cells. A first manifold and a second manifold are disposed at the lower part of the heat-absorbing plate, respectively, along the length of the heat-absorbing plate. The first and second manifolds are respectively located on both sides of the heat-absorbing plate. The inlet of the second manifold is connected to an external water source via a water pump. An outlet is disposed at the end of the first manifold. Multiple microchannel flat tubes are connected between the first and second manifolds. Multiple third manifolds are disposed between the multiple microchannel flat tubes, and each third manifold connects two adjacent microchannel flat tubes.
[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple third manifolds are connected to the microchannel flat tubes, realizing multi-stage flow splitting or convergence of the pipeline. This allows for flexible adjustment of the flow resistance of the module locally or as a whole. This design facilitates dynamic adjustment of fluid flow based on the flow rate in different areas of the photovoltaic and solar thermal module, avoiding local overheating or cooling, ensuring the temperature uniformity of the entire large-size module. The introduction of the third manifold enables secondary or even multiple flow resistance regulation, optimizing heat exchange efficiency from local to overall, ultimately improving the temperature uniformity and operational stability of the solar photovoltaic and solar thermal module, and extending the module's lifespan.
[0007] Preferably, the multiple microchannel flat tubes are evenly spaced at equal intervals along the length of the first manifold.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the microchannel flat tubes are evenly spaced along the length of the first manifold, and the fluid is evenly distributed on the surface of the heat absorber plate. This avoids dead zones in the fluid path and improves the uniformity of flow in the tube, thereby further enhancing the temperature uniformity of the module. The equidistant arrangement also simplifies the manufacturing and assembly process and reduces production costs.
[0009] Preferably, the multiple third manifolds are continuously connected to two or more adjacent microchannel flat tubes.
[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the third manifold is continuously connected to two or more adjacent microchannel flat tubes, which enables fine control of local and overall flow resistance, and facilitates flexible adjustment of flow rate according to the flow rate changes of different parts of the module.
[0011] Preferably, the angle between the third manifold and the microchannel flat tube is in the range of 0~180°.
[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the angle range of the third manifold relative to the microchannel flat tube is limited to 0~180°, which optimizes the flow splitting and merging process of the fluid. The selection of a specific angle reduces the resistance loss of fluid flow, avoids the formation of turbulence or dead zones, and enables the fluid to transition smoothly, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The 0~180° range is taken as the origin of the focal point between the third manifold and the microchannel flat tube, and can be rotated clockwise by 0~180°.
[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the microchannel flat tube ≤ the diameter of the third manifold ≤ the diameter of the first manifold = the diameter of the second manifold.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting the ratio between the diameter of the third manifold and the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and the diameters of the first and second manifolds, it is ensured that the third manifold has sufficient flow area to effectively adjust the flow resistance. In actual production, holes are drilled in the third manifold according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the microchannel flat tube, and the microchannel flat tube is welded to the third manifold for connection, which improves the convenience of production and makes connection more convenient during production.
[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the first manifold and the second manifold is 35 mm, the cross-sectional width of the microchannel flat tube is 50~100 mm, the thickness is 5 mm~10 mm, and the diameter of the third manifold is 20 mm~35 mm.
[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, an optimized combination of geometric parameters is provided by specifically specifying the diameters of the first and second manifolds, the cross-sectional width and thickness of the microchannel flat tube, and the diameter of the third manifold.
[0017] Preferably, the lower part of the first manifold, the second manifold, and the third manifold is provided with an insulation board, the side of the insulation board is provided with an insulation frame, and the upper part of the insulation frame is provided with a transparent cover plate.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting insulation boards at the bottom of the first, second, and third manifolds, insulation frames on the sides, and transparent covers on the top, comprehensive heat insulation and protection are provided, heat loss is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the module is improved, while the transparent covers facilitate the transmission of solar radiation.
[0019] Preferably, the insulation plate and the heat absorption plate are symmetrically arranged with the horizontal plane between the first manifold, the second manifold, and the microchannel flat tube as the central axis, and the shapes of the insulation plate and the heat absorption plate are matched with the first manifold, the second manifold, and the microchannel flat tube.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the insulation board and the heat absorption board are symmetrically arranged with the horizontal plane between the first manifold, the second manifold, and the microchannel flat tube as the central axis, and are matched with the shape of each pipe, which facilitates full contact between the insulation board, the heat insulation board and each pipe.
[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0022] By setting up multiple third manifolds to connect the microchannel flat tubes, multi-stage flow splitting or convergence of the pipeline is achieved, which enables flexible adjustment of the flow resistance of the module locally or as a whole. This design facilitates dynamic adjustment of fluid flow based on the flow rate in different areas of the photovoltaic and solar thermal module, avoiding local overheating or cooling, ensuring the temperature uniformity of the entire large-size module. The introduction of third manifolds enables secondary or even multiple flow resistance regulation, optimizing heat exchange efficiency from local to overall, ultimately improving the temperature uniformity and operational stability of the solar photovoltaic and solar thermal module, and extending the module's lifespan. Attached Figure Description
[0023] This utility model will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0024] Figure 1This is a top view schematic diagram of a multi-level manifold adjustable large-size photovoltaic and photothermal module according to this utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a multi-level manifold adjustable large-size photovoltaic and photothermal module according to this utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a right-view structural schematic diagram of a multi-level manifold adjustable large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to this utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a comparative schematic diagram of the flow distribution of different pipelines in embodiments 1 to 3 of this utility model;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the symmetrical arrangement of the first manifold, the second manifold, and the microchannel flat tube in this utility model.
[0031] Figure Labels
[0032] 1-Transparent cover plate, 2-Air, 3-Photovoltaic cell, 41-First manifold, 42-Third manifold, 43-Second manifold, 5-Heat absorber plate, 6-Microchannel flat tube, 7-Insulation board, 8-Insulation frame. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0034] The following is combined Figures 1-6 This utility model will be described in detail.
[0035] Example 1
[0036] A multi-level manifold adjustable resistance type large-size photovoltaic thermal module, in this embodiment is... Figure 6 The original scheme in the appendix is shown below. Figures 1-3The system includes a photovoltaic cell 3, with a heat absorber plate 5 at its lower part. A first manifold 41 and a second manifold 43 are located at the lower part of the heat absorber plate 5, extending along the length of the heat absorber plate 5. The first manifold 41 and the second manifold 43 are located on opposite sides of the heat absorber plate 5. The inlet of the second manifold 43 is connected to an external water source via a water pump. An outlet is located at the end of the first manifold 41. Multiple microchannel flat tubes 6 connect the first manifold 41 and the second manifold 43. Multiple third manifolds are located between the multiple microchannel flat tubes 6. Pipe 42, the third manifold 42 can connect two adjacent microchannel flat tubes 6; by setting multiple third manifolds 42 to connect the microchannel flat tubes 6, multi-stage flow splitting or merging of the pipeline is realized, thereby flexibly adjusting the local or overall flow resistance of the module. This design facilitates dynamic adjustment of fluid flow according to the flow rate of different areas of the photovoltaic thermal module, avoiding local overheating or cooling, ensuring the temperature uniformity of the entire large-size module, and the introduction of the third manifold 42 realizes secondary or even multiple flow resistance regulation, optimizing the heat exchange efficiency from local to overall, and ultimately improving the temperature uniformity and operational stability of the solar photovoltaic thermal module, and extending the module life.
[0037] Among them, the first manifold 41, the second manifold 43, the third manifold 42, and the microchannel flat tube 6 are all made of stainless steel.
[0038] The first manifold 41, the second manifold 43, the third manifold 42, and the microchannel flat tube 6 are all integrally welded during production.
[0039] In this embodiment, multiple microchannel flat tubes 6 are evenly spaced at equal intervals along the length of the first manifold 41. By evenly spaced the microchannel flat tubes 6 at equal intervals along the length of the first manifold 41, the fluid is evenly distributed on the surface of the heat absorber plate 5, avoiding dead zones in the fluid path and improving the uniformity of flow in the tube body, thereby further enhancing the temperature uniformity of the module. The equidistant arrangement also simplifies the manufacturing and assembly process and reduces production costs.
[0040] The number of microchannel flat tubes 6 is set to 36, and the center-to-center distance between the microchannel flat tubes 6 is 160mm.
[0041] In this embodiment, multiple third manifolds 42 are connected to two or more adjacent microchannel flat tubes 6. That is, several adjacent microchannel flat tubes 6 are connected to a third manifold 42 at appropriate positions according to the design. Multiple similar third manifolds 42 are distributed in various parts of the core according to the design, which realizes fine control of local and overall flow resistance and facilitates flexible adjustment of flow according to the flow changes of different parts of the module.
[0042] The third manifold 42 is provided with two tubes, one of which is continuously connected to the 1st to 18th microchannel flat tubes 6, and the other is continuously connected to the 19th to 36th microchannel flat tubes 6.
[0043] In this embodiment, the angle range of the third manifold 42 relative to the microchannel flat tube 6 is 30~90°. Limiting the angle range of the third manifold 42 relative to the microchannel flat tube 6 to 30~90° optimizes the flow splitting and merging process of the fluid. The selection of a specific angle reduces the resistance loss of the fluid flow, avoids the formation of turbulence or dead zones, and enables the fluid to transition smoothly, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.
[0044] Among them, the two third manifolds 42 are symmetrically arranged, and the angle between the third manifolds 42 and the microchannel flat tube 6 is 45°.
[0045] In this embodiment, the thickness of the microchannel flat tube 6 is less than or equal to the diameter of the third manifold 42, which is less than or equal to the diameter of the first manifold 41, which is equal to the diameter of the second manifold 43. By setting the ratio between the diameter of the third manifold 42 and the thickness of the microchannel flat tube 6 and the diameters of the first and second manifolds 43, it is ensured that the third manifold 42 has sufficient flow area to effectively adjust the flow resistance, and the convenience of production is improved, making it more conducive to connection during production.
[0046] In this embodiment, the diameters of the first manifold 41 and the second manifold 43 are 35 mm, the cross-sectional width of the microchannel flat tube 6 is 50-100 mm, the thickness is 5-10 mm, and the diameter of the third manifold 42 is 20-35 mm. By specifically specifying the diameters of the first manifold 41 and the second manifold 43, the cross-sectional width and thickness of the microchannel flat tube 6, and the diameter of the third manifold 42, an optimized combination of geometric parameters is provided.
[0047] Among them, the cross-sectional width of the microchannel flat tube 6 is 50mm and the thickness is 5mm, and the diameter of the third manifold 42 is 20mm.
[0048] In this embodiment, the lower part of the first manifold 41, the second manifold 43, and the third manifold 42 is provided with an insulation board 7, the side of the insulation board 7 is provided with an insulation frame 8, and the upper part of the insulation frame 8 is provided with a transparent cover plate 1. By providing the insulation board 7 at the lower part of the first manifold 41, the second manifold 43, and the third manifold 42, providing the insulation frame 8 on the side, and providing the transparent cover plate 1 at the upper part, comprehensive heat insulation and protection are provided, heat loss is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the module is improved, while the transparent cover plate 1 facilitates the transmission of solar radiation.
[0049] An air 2 is used for insulation between the transparent cover plate 1 and the photovoltaic cell 3.
[0050] In this embodiment, the insulation plate 7 and the heat absorption plate 5 are symmetrically arranged with the horizontal plane between the first manifold 41, the second manifold 43, and the microchannel flat tube 6 as the central axis. The shapes of the insulation plate 7 and the heat absorption plate 5 are compatible with the first manifold 41, the second manifold 43, and the microchannel flat tube 6. (Refer to the attached figure) Figure 7 By symmetrically setting the insulation board 7 and the heat absorption board 5 with the horizontal plane between the first manifold 41, the second manifold 43 and the microchannel flat tube 6 as the central axis, and matching the shape of each pipe, it is easy to improve the full contact between the insulation board 7, the heat insulation board and each pipe.
[0051] Example 2
[0052] See attached document Figure 4 , 6 This embodiment is Figure 6 In the optimized scheme 1, which differs from the embodiment 1, there is one third manifold 42, in which one third manifold 42 is continuously connected to the 1st to 36th microchannel flat tubes 6;
[0053] Among them, the third manifold 42 is at an angle of 90° relative to the microchannel flat tube 6.
[0054] Example 3
[0055] See attached document Figure 5 , 6 This embodiment is Figure 6 In the optimized scheme 2, which differs from the embodiment 1, there are two third manifolds 42. The two third manifolds 42 are spaced apart along the length of the microchannel flat tube 6, and both third manifolds 42 are continuously connected to the 1st to 36th microchannel flat tubes 6.
[0056] The angle between the third manifold 42 and the microchannel flat tube 6 is 90°.
[0057] Example 4
[0058] Unlike Example 1, the photovoltaic cell 3 is placed in the position of the transparent cover plate 1 in Example 1, so that the photovoltaic cell 3 is not placed in the original position. Thus, the photovoltaic cell 3 and the heat absorption plate 5 are insulated by air 2, which can simplify the material cost of the transparent cover plate 1.
[0059] It should be noted that:
[0060] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance type large-size photovoltaic thermal module, characterized in that, The device includes a photovoltaic cell (3), a heat absorption plate (5) is provided at the lower part of the photovoltaic cell (3), a first manifold (41) and a second manifold (43) are provided at the lower part of the heat absorption plate (5), the first manifold (41) and the second manifold (43) are respectively arranged along the length direction of the heat absorption plate (5), the first manifold (41) and the second manifold (43) are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat absorption plate (5), the inlet of the second manifold (43) is connected to an external water source through a water pump, and the end of the first manifold (41) is provided with an outlet; multiple microchannel flat tubes (6) are connected between the first manifold (41) and the second manifold (43); multiple third manifolds (42) are arranged between the multiple microchannel flat tubes (6), and the third manifolds (42) can connect two adjacent microchannel flat tubes (6).
2. The multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple microchannel flat tubes (6) are evenly spaced at equal intervals along the length of the first manifold (41).
3. A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple third manifolds (42) are connected to two or more adjacent microchannel flat tubes (6) in succession.
4. A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle range of the third manifold (42) relative to the microchannel flat tube (6) is 0~180°.
5. A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first manifold (41) and the second manifold (43) have a diameter of 35 mm. The cross-sectional width of the microchannel flat tube (6) is 50~100 mm and the thickness is 5 mm~10 mm. The diameter of the third manifold (42) is 20 mm~35 mm.
6. A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the first manifold (41), the second manifold (43) and the third manifold (42) is provided with a heat insulation board (7), the side of the heat insulation board (7) is provided with a heat insulation frame (8), and the upper part of the heat insulation frame (8) is provided with a transparent cover plate (1).
7. A multi-stage manifold adjustable resistance large-size photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The insulation plate (7) and the heat absorption plate (5) are symmetrically arranged with the horizontal plane between the first manifold (41), the second manifold (43) and the microchannel flat tube (6) as the central axis. The shape of the insulation plate (7) and the heat absorption plate (5) matches the shape of the first manifold (41), the second manifold (43) and the microchannel flat tube (6).