A cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth

Abstract

This utility model relates to a cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth. A refractory material layer is continuously arranged inside the furnace shell and on the upper part of the furnace bottom, forming a central furnace cavity within the refractory material layer. A furnace bottom lining is provided between the furnace bottom and the refractory material layer. Ventilation ducts are embedded on both sides of the furnace bottom lining along the length of the furnace body, with both ends of the ventilation ducts connected to the outside. Transverse heat-conducting grooves are spaced apart along the length of the furnace body in the furnace bottom lining, with both ends extending to the ventilation ducts. A sidewall lining is provided between the furnace shell and the refractory material layer, with multiple longitudinal heat-conducting grooves spaced apart on the sidewall lining. The bottom of the longitudinal heat-conducting grooves extends to the ventilation ducts and connects with the transverse heat-conducting grooves. Both the longitudinal and transverse heat-conducting grooves are continuously filled with heat-conducting material, forming a continuous, spaced-apart heat-conducting belt, allowing heat from the furnace bottom to be transferred to the furnace shell. This achieves combined heat dissipation from the furnace bottom and the sidewalls, significantly improving the heat dissipation capacity of the furnace bottom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of zinc slag side-blown furnace technology, specifically to a cooling type side-blown furnace hearth. Background Technology

[0002] The zinc slag side-blown furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace commonly used to process slag, a byproduct of zinc smelting. (Refer to CN204898032U_New Type Zinc Slag Side-Blowing Furnace). Its furnace body is typically elongated, with the shell mostly welded from steel plates and the inner lining constructed of multiple layers of refractory material. During operation, oxygen-enriched air is injected at high speed from the sidewall into the furnace chamber through a spray gun, causing the charge to melt rapidly and undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby recovering valuable metals from the slag. During operation, the furnace temperature is typically maintained above 1200–1300℃. The refractory lining near the spray gun impact zone and slag line is subjected to intense high temperatures, chemical erosion, and mechanical scouring. The junction between the furnace bottom and sidewall also experiences significant thermal stress.

[0003] Traditional side-blown furnaces have poor heat dissipation performance, while zinc slag has a relatively low melting point and good fluidity, leading to the accumulation of a large amount of high-temperature molten slag at the furnace bottom during long-term operation, resulting in obvious heat retention. Because heat is difficult to conduct and dissipate outward in a timely manner, local overheating occurs at the furnace bottom, and the refractory material is prone to spalling, bulging, and even crack propagation under the combined effects of thermal stress and chemical erosion.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to study a cooling type side-blown furnace hearth. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a cooling type side-blown furnace hearth, which can effectively solve the problem of poor heat dissipation performance of the existing zinc slag side-blown furnace bottom.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth includes a furnace shell and a furnace bottom. A refractory material layer is continuously arranged inside the furnace shell and on the upper part of the furnace bottom, and a central furnace cavity is formed inside the refractory material layer. A furnace bottom lining is provided between the furnace bottom and the refractory material layer. Ventilation ducts are embedded on the left and right sides of the furnace bottom lining along the length of the furnace body, and both ends of the ventilation ducts are connected to the outside. The furnace bottom lining is provided with transverse heat-conducting grooves spaced apart along the length of the furnace body, and the two ends of the heat-conducting grooves extend to the ventilation ducts respectively. A sidewall lining is provided between the furnace shell and the refractory material layer, and multiple longitudinal heat conduction grooves are spaced apart on the sidewall lining; the bottom of the longitudinal heat conduction grooves extends to the ventilation duct and communicates with the transverse heat conduction grooves. Both the longitudinal and transverse heat-conducting grooves are continuously filled with heat-conducting material, forming a continuous heat-conducting belt that is spaced apart along the front-to-back direction, so that the heat at the bottom of the furnace can be transferred to the furnace shell.

[0007] Furthermore, a heat dissipation cavity is provided in the area of ​​the furnace shell where the heat conduction tape is located, and the top of the heat dissipation cavity is connected to the outside; a vent is provided on the ventilation duct that is connected to the heat dissipation cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, an inner lining plate covering the heat dissipation cavity is provided between the heat conduction layer and the refractory material layer in the area of ​​the furnace shell, and a communication port communicating with the heat dissipation cavity is opened at the bottom of the inner lining plate.

[0009] Furthermore, pipe grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the furnace bottom lining, and the ventilation ducts are embedded in the pipe grooves using heat-conducting material.

[0010] Furthermore, a leveling layer is provided between the refractory material layer and the furnace bottom lining in the area located at the bottom of the furnace.

[0011] Furthermore, the furnace bottom includes a bottom plate, a clay layer, and a ramming material layer laid sequentially from bottom to top.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: This invention features a furnace bottom lining with ventilation ducts embedded on both sides. Horizontal heat-conducting grooves are spaced along the lining and filled with heat-conducting material. This allows the high-temperature heat generated at the furnace bottom to be transferred along the grooves to the ventilation ducts on both sides, where it is carried away by airflow. This effectively reduces localized overheating at the furnace bottom. It achieves combined heat dissipation from the furnace bottom and sidewalls, preventing heat accumulation at the furnace bottom that could lead to refractory lining erosion, bulging, and cracking. This significantly improves the uniformity of heat dissipation and the overall lifespan of the furnace bottom, while reducing maintenance frequency and enhancing the operational stability and smelting efficiency of the zinc slag side-blown furnace. On the other hand, this utility model sets a sidewall lining between the furnace shell and the refractory material layer, and opens longitudinal heat conduction grooves at intervals in the sidewall lining. The longitudinal heat conduction grooves are connected to the transverse heat conduction grooves and are also filled with heat conduction material to form a continuous heat conduction zone. This allows the heat from the furnace bottom to be conducted along the heat conduction zone towards the furnace shell, realizing the joint heat dissipation of the furnace bottom and the sidewall. This solves the problem of poor heat dissipation performance of the furnace bottom in existing zinc slag side-blown furnaces, significantly improves the heat dissipation capacity and overall lifespan of the furnace bottom, reduces the maintenance frequency, and improves the operational stability and smelting efficiency of the zinc slag side-blown furnace. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the furnace bottom node of this utility model after being cut in the middle; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the concealed refractory material layer. Figure 3 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the furnace bottom node; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0014] Reference numerals: 1. Furnace shell; 2. Furnace bottom; 3. Refractory material layer; 4. Furnace bottom lining; 5. Ventilation duct; 6. Side wall lining; 7. Heat conduction layer; 8. Inner lining plate; 9. Leveling layer; 201. Bottom plate; 202. Clay bonding layer; 203. Ramming material layer; 401. Transverse heat conduction groove; 402. Pipe groove; 501. Ventilation opening; 601. Longitudinal heat conduction groove; 701. Heat dissipation cavity; 801. Connecting port. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: This embodiment aims to provide a cooling type side-blown furnace hearth, which is mainly used for the furnace bottom node of zinc slag side-blown furnaces, addressing the problem of poor heat dissipation performance of the existing zinc slag side-blown furnace bottom.

[0016] A type of cooled side-blown furnace hearth, such as Figure 1 The furnace includes a furnace shell 1 and a furnace bottom 2. A refractory material layer 3 is continuously provided inside the furnace shell 1 and on the upper part of the furnace bottom 2, and a central furnace cavity is formed inside the refractory material layer 3. This example mainly focuses on the furnace bottom 2 and the side wall structure located at the bottom. The slag discharge port, flue gas discharge port and other structures on the furnace body are based on existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0017] The furnace bottom 2 comprises, from bottom to top, a bottom plate 201, a clay layer 202, and a ramming mix layer 203, which can be made of carbon steel or foundation concrete. The clay layer 202 is mainly used for load-bearing and stress distribution, and is constructed using clay bricks. The ramming mix layer 203 is mainly used for leveling, smoothing out any unevenness in the clay layer 202, and can be made of SiC low-cement ramming mix.

[0018] A furnace bottom lining 4 is provided between the furnace bottom 2 and the refractory material layer 3. It is mainly used for bearing, heat dissipation and accommodating the heat conduction cable 7 and ventilation duct 5. Specifically, the furnace bottom lining 4 is set on the rammed material layer 203. The furnace bottom lining 4 can be made of SiC precast arch bricks, with a flat bottom and an inverted arch bottom structure on the top.

[0019] like Figure 4 Pipe grooves 402 are provided on the left and right sides of the furnace bottom lining 4 along the length of the furnace body. Ventilation ducts 5 are embedded in the pipe grooves 402 using heat-conducting material. The ventilation ducts 5 are square pipes, and corrugated metal pipes with good heat dissipation performance can be used. Both ends of the ventilation ducts 5 are connected to the outside. One end of the ventilation ducts 5 can be provided with air by a blower to transfer the heat of the furnace bottom 2 to the outside.

[0020] like Figure 2 The furnace bottom lining 4 is provided with transverse heat-conducting grooves 401 spaced apart along the length of the furnace body, such as... Figure 4 The two ends of the transverse heat conduction groove 401 extend to contact the ventilation duct 5, so as to transfer heat to the ventilation duct 5 and output it to the outside.

[0021] A sidewall lining 6 is provided between the furnace shell 1 and the refractory material layer 3. Specifically, the sidewall lining 6 is provided on the inner wall of the furnace shell 1. The sidewall lining 6 and the furnace bottom lining 4 have basically the same structure, with the only difference being the thickness.

[0022] Multiple longitudinal heat-conducting grooves 601 are spaced apart on the sidewall lining 6. The bottom of the longitudinal heat-conducting grooves 601 extends to contact the ventilation duct 5, and the longitudinal heat-conducting grooves 601 and the transverse heat-conducting grooves 401 are connected at the duct groove 402. Both the longitudinal heat-conducting grooves 601 and the transverse heat-conducting grooves 401 are continuously filled with heat-conducting material, forming a continuous heat-conducting tape 7 arranged at intervals along the front-back direction, so that the heat from the furnace bottom 2 can be transferred to the furnace shell 1. In existing side-blown furnaces, it is easier to install cooling mechanisms on the outer wall of the furnace shell 1, and water cooling or other cooling mechanisms are usually installed on the outer wall of the furnace shell 1. However, the space at the furnace bottom 2 is limited, making it difficult to install cooling mechanisms. The heat-conducting tape 7 can transfer the heat from the furnace bottom 2 to the furnace shell 1, and use its cooling mechanism for cooling, which can realize the combined heat dissipation of the furnace bottom 2 and the sidewall, and enhance the heat dissipation performance of the furnace bottom 2. The heat-conducting material can be graphite or carbon brick, which have good thermal conductivity.

[0023] The refractory material layer 3 is continuously provided on the inner surface of the furnace bottom lining 4 and the side wall lining 6. The refractory material layer 3 can be made of magnesia-chrome brick or aluminum-chrome spinel brick and is used to directly contact the molten slag.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to facilitate leveling and to facilitate the formation of a uniform wall thickness arch bottom structure in the refractory material layer 3 in the furnace bottom 2 area, a leveling layer 9 is provided between the refractory material layer 3 and the furnace bottom lining 4 in the furnace bottom 2 area. The leveling layer 9 can be made of the same material as the ramming material layer 203, and is mainly used to smooth out the inverted arch bottom structure of the furnace bottom lining 4.

[0025] Furthermore, a heat dissipation cavity 701 is formed in the area of ​​the furnace shell 1 where the heat conduction tape 7 is located, and the top of the heat dissipation cavity 701 is connected to the outside; a vent 501 connected to the heat dissipation cavity 701 is formed on the ventilation duct 5. Thus, by blowing air inward from the ventilation duct 5, an air path is formed that enters from the ventilation duct 5 and exits upward from the heat dissipation cavity, so as to better dissipate the heat from the furnace bottom 2.

[0026] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the construction of the refractory material layer 3, an inner lining plate 8 covering the heat dissipation cavity 701 is provided between the heat conduction zone 7 in the area of ​​the furnace shell 1 and the refractory material layer 3. The bottom of the inner lining plate 8 is provided with a communication port 801 that communicates with the heat dissipation cavity 701.

Claims

1. A cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth, comprising a furnace shell and a furnace bottom, wherein a refractory material layer is continuously disposed inside the furnace shell and on the upper part of the furnace bottom, and a central furnace cavity is formed inside the refractory material layer; characterized in that: A furnace bottom lining is provided between the furnace bottom and the refractory material layer. Ventilation ducts are embedded on the left and right sides of the furnace bottom lining along the length of the furnace body, and both ends of the ventilation ducts are connected to the outside. The furnace bottom lining is provided with transverse heat-conducting grooves spaced apart along the length of the furnace body, and the two ends of the heat-conducting grooves extend to the ventilation ducts respectively. A sidewall lining is provided between the furnace shell and the refractory material layer, and multiple longitudinal heat conduction grooves are spaced apart on the sidewall lining; the bottom of the longitudinal heat conduction grooves extends to the ventilation duct and communicates with the transverse heat conduction grooves. Both the longitudinal and transverse heat-conducting grooves are continuously filled with heat-conducting material, forming a continuous heat-conducting belt that is spaced apart along the front-to-back direction, so that the heat at the bottom of the furnace can be transferred to the furnace shell.

2. The cooling type side-blown furnace hearth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the heat-conducting heat pipe located in the furnace shell has a heat dissipation cavity, and the top of the heat dissipation cavity is connected to the outside; the ventilation duct has a ventilation opening that is connected to the heat dissipation cavity.

3. The cooling type side-blown furnace hearth according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inner lining plate covering the heat dissipation cavity is provided between the heat conduction zone and the refractory material layer in the area of ​​the furnace shell. The bottom of the inner lining plate has a communication port that communicates with the heat dissipation cavity.

4. A cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Pipe grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the furnace bottom lining, and the ventilation ducts are embedded in the pipe grooves using heat-conducting material.

5. A cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A leveling layer is installed between the refractory material layer in the area at the bottom of the furnace and the furnace bottom lining.

6. A cooling-type side-blown furnace hearth according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The furnace bottom comprises, from bottom to top, a bottom plate, a clay layer, and a ramming material layer.

Images