A charge structure with synergistic vibration reduction, noise reduction and dust suppression

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of charge structure of synergistic vibration reduction and noise reduction dust suppression, belong to engineering blasting technical field, it includes: first water bag, explosive, second water bag, stemming are sequentially arranged from the hole bottom to the hole mouth of blast hole.The utility model, by design first water bag as wave impedance matching layer, reflection blast stress wave and prolongs action time, reduces energy dissipation to country rock, increases unit explosive breaking amount, and water medium evenly transmits blast pressure, reduces rock mass over crushing area, reduces large block rate, second water bag and stemming cooperate plugging, reduce noise peak value;After water blasting in first water bag, second water bag, it is mist diffusion, can greatly reduce the dust generated by blasting, the explosion structure of first water bag, explosive, second water bag, stemming, energy utilization rate can be improved by 15%~25%, blasting vibration speed reduces by 20%~30%, air shock wave attenuates by 40%~50%, dust suppression rate is more than 80%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering blasting technology, specifically a charge structure for enhancing efficiency, reducing vibration and noise, and suppressing dust. Background Technology

[0002] In rock and soil blasting projects such as mining, tunneling, and infrastructure construction, explosives are required for directional blasting.

[0003] Traditional charge structures (such as continuous column charge and air-gap charge) have the following technical drawbacks:

[0004] Low energy utilization: After the explosive detonates, some of the energy is dissipated in the form of vibration and shock waves, and the effective rock-breaking energy accounts for less than 60%.

[0005] Excessive vibration velocity and noise: Blasting vibrations can easily cause damage to nearby buildings and structures, and the noise from air shock waves can reach more than 120dB, making it difficult to meet environmental protection regulations (such as GB 6722-2014 "Safety Regulations for Blasting").

[0006] Severe dust pollution: The peak concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 generated at the moment of the explosion exceed environmental protection limits (such as GB 16297-1996 "Integrated Emission Standard for Air Pollutants"), requiring additional dust suppression measures.

[0007] Therefore, this utility model provides a charge structure that enhances efficiency, reduces vibration and noise, and suppresses dust. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the problems of low energy utilization, excessive vibration and noise, and severe dust pollution in traditional propellant loading structures, this invention provides a propellant loading structure that enhances efficiency, reduces vibration and noise, and suppresses dust.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A charge structure for enhancing vibration reduction, noise reduction, and dust suppression includes:

[0011] The first water bag, the explosive, the second water bag, and the drilling mud are arranged sequentially from the bottom of the borehole to the opening.

[0012] The first water bag includes:

[0013] Central component;

[0014] Several water bags are attached to the outer periphery of the central component.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The central component is a retractable structure, the water bag component has multiple layers in the radial direction, and the water bag component has multiple sections in the axial direction.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The central component includes:

[0019] A first central cylinder, the top of which is fixedly connected to an upper plate shell, and an upper plate body is fixedly disposed inside the upper plate shell;

[0020] The second central cylinder has a plug-in fixedly connected to its top end, which is inserted into the bottom end of the first central cylinder. The bottom end of the second central cylinder is fixedly connected to a lower plate shell, and the bottom of the lower plate shell is fixedly connected to a lower plate body.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The water bag component includes:

[0023] A polyethylene bag having a neck for filling with water;

[0024] A single-channel insertion device is fixedly inserted into the neck of a polyethylene bag.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] The polyethylene bag body includes:

[0027] The main body bag has a first neck, a ball segment, a second neck, and a conical opening arranged sequentially on its top.

[0028] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0029] The single-channel insertion fitting includes: a tube body, the bottom end of which is provided with a pointed part, the inner side of which is provided with an inner step, and a one-way valve is fixedly provided at the inner step, the top end of which is provided with a cone head, and the outer side of which is provided with a wavy surface.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0031] This invention utilizes a first water bag as an impedance matching layer to reflect detonation stress waves and prolong their duration, reducing energy dissipation to the surrounding rock and increasing the amount of explosive material broken per unit. The water medium also uniformly transmits the detonation pressure, reducing the over-crushed rock mass and decreasing the proportion of large pieces. The second water bag works in conjunction with the stemming material to seal and reduce noise peaks. The water in the first and second water bags disperses as a mist after detonation, significantly reducing dust generated during the blast. The explosive structure of the first water bag, explosive, second water bag, and stemming material increases energy utilization by 15%–25%, reduces blasting vibration velocity by 20%–30%, attenuates air shock waves by 40%–50%, and achieves a dust suppression rate exceeding 80%. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate a charge structure for enhancing vibration reduction, noise reduction, and dust suppression, the following figures are shown;

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the water bag component of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central component of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water bag of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water bag nozzle of this utility model.

[0038] The labels in the attached diagram;

[0039] 1. First water bag; 101. Central component; 1011. First central cylinder; 1012. Upper plate shell; 1013. Upper plate body; 1014. Second central cylinder; 1015. Insert; 1016. Lower plate shell; 1017. Lower plate body; 102. Water bag component; 1021. Main bag; 1022. First neck; 1023. Ball segment; 1024. Second neck; 1025. Conical opening; 1026. Tube body; 1027. Wavy surface; 1028. Tip; 1029. One-way valve; 10210. Conical head; 10211. Inner step; 2. Explosive; 3. Second water bag; 4. Clay. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Please refer to the attached document. Figures 1-5 This paper illustrates a charge structure for enhancing vibration reduction, noise reduction, and dust suppression provided in an embodiment of this application. It is used in rock and soil blasting projects such as mines, tunnels, and infrastructure. Specifically, it includes a first water bag 1, an explosive 2, a second water bag 3, and a blasting mud 4 arranged sequentially from the bottom to the opening of the borehole.

[0041] By designing the first water bag 1 as a wave impedance matching layer, the detonation stress wave is reflected and the action time is extended, reducing energy dissipation to the surrounding rock, increasing the unit explosive breaking capacity, and the water medium uniformly transmits the detonation pressure, reducing the over-crushed rock mass and reducing the proportion of large pieces. The second water bag 3 and the stemming mud 4 work together to seal and reduce the noise peak. The water in the first water bag 1 and the second water bag 3 disperses in a mist after detonation, which can significantly reduce the dust generated by the detonation. The explosion structure of the first water bag 1, explosive 2, second water bag 3 and stemming mud 4 increases the energy utilization rate by 15% to 25%, reduces the detonation vibration velocity by 20% to 30%, attenuates the air shock wave by 40% to 50%, and has a dust suppression rate of over 80%.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the first water bag 1 includes: a central component 101 and a plurality of water bag components 102 bound around the central component 101.

[0043] This structural design allows for more efficient filling of the first water bag 1. Specifically, the water bag component 102 can be filled with water quickly and in a standardized manner near the construction site. Several water bag components 102 are then tied to the periphery of the central component 101 using ropes / wires to form a prefabricated first water bag 1 structure. The prefabricated first water bag 1 structure is then inserted into the bottom of the blast hole.

[0044] It is worth noting that the second water bag 3 can be designed with the same structure as the first water bag 1, making it more convenient to use.

[0045] In one embodiment, the central member 101 is a retractable structure, the water bag member 102 has multiple layers arranged radially, and the water bag member 102 has multiple sections arranged axially.

[0046] During use, multiple layers of water bag components 102 can be bundled according to actual needs to adapt to boreholes of different diameters. The water bag components 102 can be set as multi-section types to adapt to the use of first water bags 1 with different design depths.

[0047] In one embodiment, the center component 101 includes: a first center cylinder 1011, an upper plate shell 1012, an upper plate body 1013, a second center cylinder 1014, an insert 1015, a lower plate shell 1016, and a lower plate body 1017.

[0048] The top of the first central cylinder 1011 is fixedly connected to an upper shell 1012, which restricts the upward sliding of the water bag component 102. An upper plate body 1013 is fixedly installed inside the upper shell 1012. The upper plate body 1013 can be designed as a corrugated cardboard structure to provide cushioning and prevent the explosive 2 from colliding with the upper plate body 1013. The top of the second central cylinder 1014 is fixedly connected to an insert 1015 inserted into the bottom of the first central cylinder 1011. Figure 3 As shown, during use, the center height of the center component 101 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the insert 1015 inserted into the first center cylinder 1011. It is generally adjusted to an integer multiple of the length of the water bag component 102. The bottom end of the second center cylinder 1014 is fixedly connected to the lower plate shell 1016, and the bottom of the lower plate shell 1016 is fixedly connected to the lower plate body 1017. The lower plate body 1017 can be designed as a corrugated cardboard structure to play a cushioning role.

[0049] All materials of the central component 101 are made of easily degradable plastic or cardboard, and after being crushed during the blasting process, they are mixed into the soil layer without the need for additional cleaning.

[0050] In one embodiment, the water bag 102 includes a polyethylene bag body and a single-channel insertion device, wherein the single-channel insertion device is a pipe structure that allows water to flow in one direction.

[0051] When the polyethylene bag is not filled with water, it is sheet-like and easy to carry. The single-channel insertion fitting is also short and easy to carry. The polyethylene bag has a neck for filling with water, and the single-channel insertion fitting is fixedly inserted into the neck of the polyethylene bag.

[0052] When flushing, insert one end of the single-channel fitting into the inside of the neck of the polyethylene bag, and use the elasticity at the neck of the polyethylene bag to fix the single-channel fitting at the neck of the polyethylene bag. Then fill the polyethylene bag with water from the single-channel fitting to form a water bag 102.

[0053] Specifically, the polyethylene bag includes: a main body bag 1021, and the top of the main body bag 1021 is provided with a first neck 1022, a ball segment 1023, a second neck 1024, and a conical opening 1025 in sequence.

[0054] The tapered opening 1025 facilitates the insertion of the single-channel insertion device. The double-neck structure of the first neck 1022, the ball segment 1023, and the second neck 1024 ensures the stability of the connection between the single-channel insertion device and the neck of the polyethylene bag.

[0055] In one embodiment, the single-channel insertion fitting includes: a tube body 1026, the bottom end of which is provided with a tip 1028, which is easy to insert into the neck of the polyethylene bag; an inner step 10211 is provided on the inner side of the tube body 1026, and a one-way valve 1029 is fixedly provided at the inner step 10211, which is used to restrict the one-way valve 1029 from sliding upward; a cone 10210 is provided at the top end of the tube body 1026, which is easy to connect with an external water inlet head; and a corrugated surface 1027 is provided on the outer side of the tube body 1026. The design of the corrugated surface 1027 can prevent the outer side of the tube body 1026 from sliding with the neck of the polyethylene bag, thus preventing the single-channel insertion fitting from falling off.

[0056] Other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0057] It should be understood that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. This invention is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charge structure for enhancing vibration reduction, noise reduction, and dust suppression, characterized in that, include: The first water bag (1), explosive (2), second water bag (3), and drilling mud (4) are arranged sequentially from the bottom of the borehole to the opening. The first water bag (1) includes: Center component (101); Several water bag components (102) are tied around the center component (101).

2. The charge structure for enhancing vibration reduction, noise reduction, and dust suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central component (101) is a retractable structure, the water bag component (102) has multiple layers in the radial direction, and the water bag component (102) has multiple sections in the axial direction.

3. The explosive loading structure for enhancing efficiency, reducing vibration and noise, and suppressing dust according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central component (101) includes: A first central cylinder (1011) is fixedly connected to an upper plate shell (1012) at its top end, and an upper plate body (1013) is fixedly disposed inside the upper plate shell (1012). The second central cylinder (1014) has a plug (1015) fixedly connected to its top end and inserted into the bottom end of the first central cylinder (1011). The bottom end of the second central cylinder (1014) is fixedly connected to a lower plate shell (1016), and the bottom of the lower plate shell (1016) is fixedly connected to a lower plate body (1017).

4. The explosive loading structure for enhancing efficiency, reducing vibration and noise, and suppressing dust according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water bag component (102) includes: A polyethylene bag having a neck for filling with water; A single-channel insertion device is fixedly inserted into the neck of a polyethylene bag.

5. The charge structure for enhancing vibration reduction, noise reduction, and dust suppression according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polyethylene bag body includes: The main body bag (1021) has a first neck (1022), a ball segment (1023), a second neck (1024), and a conical opening (1025) arranged sequentially on its top.

6. The explosive loading structure for enhancing efficiency, reducing vibration and noise, and suppressing dust according to claim 4, characterized in that, The single-channel insertion fitting includes: a tube body (1026), the bottom end of the tube body (1026) is provided with a tip (1028), the inner side of the tube body (1026) is provided with an inner step (10211), and a one-way valve (1029) is fixedly provided at the inner step (10211), the top end of the tube body (1026) is provided with a cone (10210), and the outer side of the tube body (1026) is provided with a wavy surface (1027).

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