A three-dimensional measuring instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three -dimensional measuring instrument, it includes frame, X axle linear module, Y axle linear module and Z axle linear module, and the frame fixedly connected with mounting seat, X axle linear module sets up in mounting seat, and the synchronous belt fixed connection of X axle linear module has gantry, and the gantry slidingly connected has removed frame, and the fixed connection of overlapping board has in removed frame, and the output of overlapping board fixed connection of gas cylinder has the fixed installation of the bottom of sliding joint body has measuring instrument body. Through the sliding fit structure of gantry and removed frame, and the combination X axle, Y axle and Z axle linear module realize three -dimensional direction movement adjustment, make removed frame and the measuring instrument body of carrying can realize nimble removal in greater space range, break through the limitation of traditional structure to the measurement travel, and adapt the measurement demand of different size workpieces, and cooperate with the small -range adjustment of gas cylinder and sliding fit body, can promote the positioning accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of measuring instrument technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional measuring instrument. Background Technology

[0002] In high-end industries such as precision manufacturing, aerospace, and automotive parts processing, the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances of workpieces directly determine the assembly performance and reliability of products. Therefore, stringent requirements are placed on the accuracy, efficiency, and adaptability of three-dimensional dimensional measurement technology. As a core device for precision measurement, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine (CMM) provides crucial data support for quality control and process optimization during production by acquiring and analyzing the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of workpieces. Its technical performance has become one of the important indicators for measuring the level of intelligence in the manufacturing industry.

[0003] Most current 3D measuring instruments on the market achieve three-dimensional motion based on a combination structure of multi-axis linear modules. Their basic principle is to use linear drive mechanisms in the X, Y, and Z directions to move the measuring probe or the instrument body, thereby covering the measurement area of ​​the workpiece. However, most devices use a fixed gantry or a single moving frame structure, where the travel strokes of the X, Y, and Z axis linear modules are mutually constrained, resulting in a fixed and limited measurement space. For large or irregularly shaped workpieces, complete measurement is often difficult, requiring multiple clamping or segmented measurements, which not only reduces measurement efficiency but also easily introduces measurement deviations due to clamping errors. Therefore, the need for a 3D measuring instrument with large-stroke flexible motion capabilities and high-precision positioning performance to adapt to the measurement needs of workpieces of different sizes has become an urgent requirement in the precision manufacturing field. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional measuring instrument to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model also provides a three-dimensional measuring instrument as described above, comprising: a base, an X-axis linear module, a Y-axis linear module, and a Z-axis linear module. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the base. The X-axis linear module, Y-axis linear module, and Z-axis linear module have the same structure, each including a synchronous belt, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a drive motor. The X-axis linear module is disposed within the mounting base. A gantry frame is fixedly connected to the synchronous belt of the X-axis linear module. A movable frame is slidably connected to the gantry frame. A connecting plate is fixedly connected inside the movable frame. The output end of a cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A sliding body is fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder. The measuring instrument body is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding body.

[0006] Preferably, the output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the drive wheel, the drive wheel is connected to a first transmission wheel via a transmission belt, the first transmission wheel is fixedly connected to a second transmission wheel via a shaft, the second transmission wheel is connected to a synchronous belt, and the synchronous belt is connected to a driven wheel.

[0007] Preferably, the synchronous belt of the Y-axis linear module is fixedly connected to the moving frame.

[0008] Preferably, a guide rail is fixedly connected inside the mounting base, and the guide rail is slidably connected to the gantry frame.

[0009] Preferably, a guide seat is fixedly connected inside the movable frame, and the guide seat is slidably connected to the sliding body.

[0010] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, and the top of the support frame is slidably connected to the movable frame.

[0011] Preferably, a drag chain is fixedly installed inside the movable frame, and a U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the end of the drag chain. The U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to a sliding body.

[0012] Preferably, the synchronous belt of the Z-axis linear module is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate.

[0013] Preferably, photoelectric sensors are fixedly installed inside the mounting base, gantry frame, and movable frame.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the synergistic action of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis linear modules, coupled with the sliding cooperation structure of the gantry and the moving frame, a stable and flexible three-dimensional motion system is constructed. This effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional measuring equipment in terms of spatial travel, enabling the measuring instrument body to move smoothly and accurately within a larger spatial range. It can easily adapt to the measurement needs of workpieces of different sizes and specifications, significantly improving the versatility and applicability of the equipment. Furthermore, based on the large-range three-dimensional motion adjustment, a combination structure of cylinders and sliding joints enables fine adjustment within a small range, forming a dual adjustment mechanism of large-range flexible movement and small-range precise positioning. This significantly improves the positioning accuracy of the measuring instrument body, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of workpiece measurement data and providing strong support for high-precision measurement work. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0016] Figure 1 This is a complete structural diagram of the three-dimensional measuring instrument of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the three-dimensional measuring instrument of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the X-axis linear module of the three-dimensional measuring instrument of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the three-dimensional measuring instrument of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the gantry and moving frame of the three-dimensional measuring instrument of this utility model.

[0021] Legend:

[0022] 1. Base; 2. X-axis linear module; 3. Y-axis linear module; 4. Z-axis linear module; 5. Mounting base; 6. Synchronous belt; 7. Drive wheel; 8. Driven wheel; 9. Drive motor; 10. Guide rail; 11. Gantry frame; 12. Moving frame; 13. Overlap plate; 14. Cylinder; 15. Sliding body; 16. Measuring instrument body; 17. Transmission belt; 18. First transmission wheel; 19. Shaft; 20. Second transmission wheel; 21. Guide seat; 22. Support frame; 23. Cable chain; 24. U-shaped plate; 25. Photoelectric sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments:

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure, a three-dimensional measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a base 1, an X-axis linear module 2, a Y-axis linear module 3, and a Z-axis linear module 4. A mounting base 5 is fixedly connected to the base 1. The X-axis linear module 2, the Y-axis linear module 3, and the Z-axis linear module 4 have the same structure, each including a synchronous belt 6, a driving wheel 7, a driven wheel 8, and a drive motor 9. The X-axis linear module 2 is disposed in the mounting base 5. A gantry frame 11 is fixedly connected to the synchronous belt 6 of the X-axis linear module 2. A movable frame 12 is slidably connected to the gantry frame 11. An overlapping plate 13 is fixedly connected inside the movable frame 12. The output end of a cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the overlapping plate 13. A sliding body 15 is fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder 14. The measuring instrument body 16 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding body 15.

[0027] The output end of the drive motor 9 is fixedly connected to the drive wheel 7. The drive wheel 7 is driven by a first drive wheel 18 via a transmission belt 17. The first drive wheel 18 is fixedly connected to a second drive wheel 20 via a shaft 19. The second drive wheel 20 is driven by a synchronous belt 6, which is driven by a driven wheel 8. The synchronous belt 6 of the Y-axis linear module 3 is fixedly connected to the moving frame 12. A guide rail 10 is fixedly connected inside the mounting base 5, and the guide rail 10 is slidably connected to the gantry frame 11. A guide rail 10 is fixedly connected inside the moving frame 12. Guide seat 21 is slidably connected to sliding body 15; support frame 22 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of base 1, and the top of support frame 22 is slidably connected to moving frame 12; drag chain 23 is fixedly installed inside moving frame 12, and U-shaped plate 24 is fixedly connected to the end of drag chain 23, and U-shaped plate 24 is fixedly connected to sliding body 15; synchronous belt 6 of Z-axis linear module 4 is fixedly connected to U-shaped plate 24; photoelectric sensor 25 is fixedly installed inside mounting base 5, gantry 11 and moving frame 12.

[0028] In this embodiment, the drive motor 9 drives the drive wheel 7 to rotate, and the first drive wheel 18 rotates through the transmission belt 17. The first drive wheel 18 drives the second drive wheel 20 through the shaft 19 to transmit power to the synchronous belt 6. Together with the driven wheel 8, the synchronous belt 6 can smoothly transmit power, so that the gantry 11 can move along the X-axis direction, and the moving frame 12 moves along the Y-axis direction of the gantry 11. The moving frame 12 is equipped with a cylinder 14, and the output end of the cylinder 14 is fixed to the overlapping plate 13, so that the sliding body 15 outside the cylinder 14 drives the measuring instrument body 16 to move along the guide seat 21 in the Z-axis direction. At the same time, the drag chain 23 synchronously extends and retracts to protect the cable. The drag chain 23 stores the cable, the guide structure stabilizes the direction, and the photoelectric sensor 25 provides real-time positioning to achieve high-precision three-dimensional measurement.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] like Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure, a three-dimensional measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1, an X-axis linear module 2, a Y-axis linear module 3, and a Z-axis linear module 4. A mounting base 5 is fixedly connected to the base 1. The X-axis linear module 2, the Y-axis linear module 3, and the Z-axis linear module 4 have the same structure, each including a synchronous belt 6, a driving wheel 7, a driven wheel 8, and a drive motor 9. After the drive motor 9 starts, it drives the driving wheel 7 to rotate. The driving wheel 7 transmits power to the first transmission wheel 18 through the transmission belt 17. The first transmission wheel 18 drives the second transmission wheel 20 to rotate synchronously through the rigid connection of the shaft 19. Finally, the second transmission wheel 20 drives the synchronous belt 6 to achieve stable operation. The driven wheel 8 rotates under the traction of the synchronous belt 6, ensuring the smoothness of the transmission system and the efficiency of power transmission, and providing continuous power for the linear motion of each axis.

[0031] The X-axis linear module 2 is fixed inside the mounting base 5, and its synchronous belt 6 is rigidly connected to the gantry 11. When the drive motor 9 of the X-axis linear module 2 is started, the synchronous belt 6 drives the gantry 11 to slide linearly along the guide rail 10 inside the mounting base 5 in the X-axis direction. The guiding effect of the guide rail 10 ensures the straightness and stability of the movement of the gantry 11, thereby driving all subsequent structures mounted on the gantry 11 to achieve X-axis position adjustment.

[0032] The synchronous belt 6 of the Y-axis linear module 3 is directly fixedly connected to the moving frame 12. The moving frame 12 slides outside the gantry 11, while the bottom is supported and guided by the support frame 22. After the drive motor 9 of the Y-axis linear module 3 is started, the synchronous belt 6 drives the moving frame 12 to move linearly along the gantry 11 and the support frame 22 in the Y-axis direction, realizing the position switching of the measuring mechanism in the Y-axis direction. The design of the support frame 22 further improves the rigidity and stability of the moving frame 12 during the movement.

[0033] The synchronous belt 6 of the Z-axis linear module 4 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate 24, which in turn is rigidly connected to the sliding body 15. The sliding body 15 forms a sliding fit with the moving frame 12 through the guide seat 21. When the drive motor 9 of the Z-axis linear module 4 starts, the synchronous belt 6 drives the sliding body 15 to move linearly along the guide seat 21 in the Z-axis direction through the U-shaped plate 24. At the same time, the cable chain 23 extends and retracts synchronously with the movement of the sliding body 15 to store and protect the relevant cables, ensuring the smoothness and safety of the Z-axis movement. During this process, the photoelectric sensors 25 fixedly installed in the mounting base 5, gantry 11, and moving frame 12 collect the position signals of each moving component in real time, realizing accurate monitoring and feedback of the three-axis movement position, and ensuring the accuracy of motion control.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] like Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure, a three-dimensional measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a connecting plate 13 fixedly connected inside a movable frame 12. The output end of a cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 13. A sliding body 15 is fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder 14. The measuring instrument body 16 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding body 15. When the measuring instrument body 16 reaches the vicinity of the target measurement area through three-axis motion, the measurement posture can be finely adjusted by the cylinder 14. Specifically, since the connecting plate 13 is fixed inside the movable frame 12 and fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 14, and the outside of the cylinder 14 is connected to the sliding body 15, by controlling the extension and retraction of the cylinder 14, the sliding body 15 and the measuring instrument body 16 at the bottom can be driven to perform small-range position compensation, ensuring that the measuring probe of the measuring instrument body 16 can accurately fit the surface of the workpiece being measured.

[0036] Throughout the three-axis motion and attitude fine-tuning process, the distributed and fixed photoelectric sensors 25 in the mounting base 5, gantry 11, and moving frame 12 form a three-dimensional position monitoring network, realizing real-time positioning and dynamic feedback of each key moving component. For the X-axis motion, the photoelectric sensor 25 in the mounting base 5 accurately captures the displacement data along the guide rail 10 by identifying the positioning scale on the side of the gantry 11. The photoelectric sensor 25 on the gantry 11 identifies the Y-axis motion and monitors the sliding position of the moving frame 12 in real time, ensuring that its motion error along the Y-axis is controlled within the allowable range. The photoelectric sensor 25 in the moving frame 12 synchronously tracks the movement trajectory of the sliding body 15 in the Z-axis direction, providing a position reference for the fine-tuning action of the cylinder 14. The photoelectric sensor 25 transmits the collected position signals to the central control system in real time. The system compares them with the preset motion parameters, dynamically corrects the operating status of each axis drive motor 9, and corrects the position deviation in a timely manner, thereby providing high-precision data support for the entire motion control process and ensuring that the measuring instrument body 16 can ultimately accurately reach the measurement point.

[0037] During vertical movement, the overlapping plate 13 fixed inside the moving frame 12 is rigidly fixed to the output end of the cylinder 14, while the cylinder body of the cylinder 14 is securely connected to the sliding body 15. After the control system sends a telescopic command to the cylinder 14, the piston rod of the cylinder 14 will drive the sliding body 15 to slide along the guide seat 21 inside the moving frame 12, thereby pulling the bottom-fixed measuring instrument body 16 to complete the posture calibration, ensuring that the measuring probe can perform a comprehensive measurement of the surface of the workpiece. It should be noted that the sliding body 15 bears the weight of the measuring instrument body 16, and the connection between the cylinder body 14 and the sliding body 15 can directly transfer the load to the guide seat 21, distributing the force. If the output end were to drive the sliding body 15 instead, the piston rod would have to bear both the load and the guiding function, which could easily lead to bending due to insufficient rigidity, affecting the measurement stability.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] like Figure 1-5As shown in the figure, in this embodiment of the utility model, a three-dimensional measuring instrument has a drag chain 23 fixedly installed inside the movable frame 12. A U-shaped plate 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the drag chain 23, and the U-shaped plate 24 is fixedly connected to a sliding body 15. When the sliding body 15 slides upward along the guide seat 21, the drag chain 23 extends synchronously under the traction of the U-shaped plate 24, and the measuring instrument's power supply cable and signal transmission cable stored inside unfold smoothly, preventing cable damage due to tensile stress. When the sliding body 15 returns to its original position, the drag chain 23 automatically retracts and folds due to its own resilience, orderly storing the cables inside the chain links, preventing the cables from tangling or scratching with other moving parts of the equipment. The synchronously extending and retracting cable protection structure of the drag chain 23 not only ensures the stability of cable transmission and extends cable life, but also, in conjunction with the precise guidance of the guide seat 21, further improves the Z-axis movement accuracy of the measuring instrument body 16, effectively preventing lateral movement of the sliding body 15.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0041] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and is not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this utility model, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional measuring instrument, comprising: The machine base (1), X-axis linear module (2), Y-axis linear module (3) and Z-axis linear module (4) are provided with a mounting base (5) fixedly connected to the machine base (1). The machine base (1) is characterized in that the X-axis linear module (2), Y-axis linear module (3) and Z-axis linear module (4) have the same structure, and each includes a synchronous belt (6), a drive pulley (7), a driven pulley (8) and a drive motor (9). The X-axis linear module (2) is installed in the mounting base (5). The synchronous belt (6) of the X-axis linear module (2) is fixedly connected to the gantry (11). A movable frame (12) is slidably connected to the gantry (11). A connecting plate (13) is fixedly connected inside the movable frame (12). The output end of the cylinder (14) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (13). A sliding body (15) is fixedly connected to the outside of the cylinder (14). The measuring instrument body (16) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding body (15).

2. The three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the drive motor (9) is fixedly connected to the drive wheel (7). The drive wheel (7) is connected to the first drive wheel (18) via the drive belt (17). The first drive wheel (18) is fixedly connected to the second drive wheel (20) via the shaft (19). The second drive wheel (20) is connected to the synchronous belt (6). The synchronous belt (6) is connected to the driven wheel (8).

3. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous belt (6) of the Y-axis linear module (3) is fixedly connected to the moving frame (12).

4. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (5) is fixedly connected to a guide rail (10), and the guide rail (10) is slidably connected to the gantry frame (11).

5. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable frame (12) is fixedly connected to a guide seat (21), and the guide seat (21) is slidably connected to the sliding body (15).

6. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support frame (22) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (1), and the top of the support frame (22) is slidably connected to the movable frame (12).

7. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drag chain (23) is fixedly installed inside the movable frame (12), and a U-shaped plate (24) is fixedly connected to the end of the drag chain (23). The U-shaped plate (24) is fixedly connected to the sliding body (15).

8. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous belt (6) of the Z-axis linear module (4) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate (24).

9. A three-dimensional measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, Photoelectric sensors (25) are fixedly installed in the mounting base (5), gantry frame (11) and moving frame (12).

Images