A prefabricated ecological high-resistance type inspection walkway health monitoring system based on an internet of things
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522407016.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-13
AI Technical Summary
然而，这类步道在冻融、沉降、暴雨等恶劣环境下，仍面临以下挑战：结构健康难感知：步道下的基层可能发生不均匀沉降，板块本身在冻融循环下可能产生内部损伤或层间剥离，高阻混凝土层的电阻率值是否仍符合要求这些隐性病害无法通过 表面观察及时发现；生态状态难评估：种植土层的水分、温度状态直接影响植物存活，特别是冻融条件下，根系易受冻害，但目前缺乏有效的监控手段；运维管理滞后：现有的管理方式严重依赖人工定期巡检，效率低、成本高，且无法实现预警，往往在问题恶化（如步道塌陷、大面积植被死亡）后才进行补救，维护成本高昂
（1）本实用新型为一种基于物联网的预制生态高阻式巡视步道健康监测系统，通过状态感知单元集成多种传感器，如应变传感器、温湿度一体传感器、倾角传感器和电阻传感器，系统能够实时监测预制生态步道单元的内部应变、温湿度、倾角变化和绝缘性能，从而全面掌握步道结构健康状态，及时识别荷载、冻胀或不均匀沉降等风险，提升步道的安全性和耐久性，避免因潜在缺陷导致的结构损坏。
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Figure CN224839008U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, belonging to the field of civil engineering structural health monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance technology. Background Technology
[0002] Precast ecological high-resistivity walkways, due to their excellent permeability, ecological greening function, and rapid construction advantages, can serve as an important category of inspection walkways for substation equipment areas and structural foundations. However, these walkways still face the following challenges under harsh environments such as freeze-thaw cycles, settlement, and heavy rain: Structural health is difficult to perceive: uneven settlement may occur in the base layer beneath the walkway, and the slabs themselves may suffer internal damage or interlayer delamination under freeze-thaw cycles. Hidden defects such as whether the resistivity value of the high-resistivity concrete layer still meets requirements cannot be detected in time through surface observation; Ecological status is difficult to assess: the moisture and temperature of the planting soil directly affect plant survival, especially under freeze-thaw conditions, where roots are susceptible to frost damage, but currently there is a lack of effective monitoring methods; Operation and maintenance management is lagging: existing management methods heavily rely on regular manual inspections, which are inefficient, costly, and unable to provide early warnings. Remedial measures are often only taken after problems worsen (such as walkway collapse or large-scale vegetation death), resulting in high maintenance costs.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can achieve all-weather, automated health monitoring and early warning for prefabricated ecological high-resistance trails. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model proposes a prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: This utility model proposes a prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including a prefabricated ecological trail unit, a status sensing unit, a data relay unit, and a cloud platform monitoring unit, wherein: The state sensing unit is used to monitor the internal strain changes, temperature and humidity changes, tilt angle changes and insulation performance of the prefabricated ecological walkway unit in real time. The data relay unit is used to collect real-time monitoring data from the status sensing unit and remotely send the data to the cloud platform monitoring unit via a mobile communication network. The cloud platform monitoring unit is used to receive real-time monitoring data sent by the data relay unit and to issue early warning information to the operation and maintenance personnel.
[0006] Preferably, the prefabricated ecological walkway unit comprises, from top to bottom, an ecological concrete layer, an adhesive, waterproof, and insulating layer, and a high-resistance concrete layer, wherein: The ecological concrete layer, from top to bottom, includes a support frame surface layer, a planting soil layer, a fiber interwoven layer, a rapid drainage layer, and a support frame base plate.
[0007] Preferably, the state sensing unit includes a strain sensor, a temperature and humidity integrated sensor, a tilt sensor, and a resistance sensor, wherein: The strain sensor is a miniature foil strain gauge, which is embedded in the load-bearing frame base plate of the ecological concrete layer, and is used to monitor the internal strain changes of the slab under load and frost heave stress in real time. The integrated temperature and humidity sensor is an armored type that is inserted into the planting soil layer of the ecological concrete layer to monitor soil temperature and humidity and the occurrence of freeze-thaw cycles in real time. The tilt sensor is a MEMS tilt sensor, which is fixed to the load-bearing frame base plate of the ecological concrete to monitor the tilt changes of the walkway caused by uneven settlement or freeze-thaw heave. The resistance sensor uses parallel plate capacitor electrode pairs, which are fixed to the four corners of a high-resistivity concrete layer with waterproof adhesive to monitor the insulation performance of the concrete.
[0008] Preferably, the data relay unit is a solar-powered low-power wide area network gateway used to collect all real-time monitored data from the status sensing unit and transmit the monitored data to the cloud platform monitoring unit via a mobile communication network.
[0009] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: (1) This utility model is a prefabricated ecological high-resistivity inspection trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. Through the state perception unit, a variety of sensors are integrated, such as strain sensors, temperature and humidity integrated sensors, tilt sensors and resistance sensors. The system can monitor the internal strain, temperature and humidity, tilt angle changes and insulation performance of the prefabricated ecological trail unit in real time, so as to fully grasp the health status of the trail structure, identify risks such as load, frost heave or uneven settlement in a timely manner, improve the safety and durability of the trail, and avoid structural damage caused by potential defects.
[0010] (2) This utility model is a prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. By adopting a low-power wide area network gateway powered by solar energy, it can efficiently collect real-time monitoring data from the status sensing unit and transmit it remotely to the cloud platform monitoring unit through the mobile communication network. This enables the system to operate stably for a long time in remote areas without external power sources, reducing energy dependence and maintenance costs. At the same time, it ensures the continuity and reliability of monitoring data and provides timely data support for operation and maintenance personnel. Attached Figure Description
[0011] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the patrol trail health status monitoring system proposed in Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a cross-section and a schematic diagram of the installation location of the monitoring facilities for the prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail proposed in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0012] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Support frame surface layer; 11. Temperature and humidity sensor; 2. Planting soil layer; 3. Fiber interwoven layer; 4. Rapid drainage layer; 41. Tilt sensor; 5. Support frame base plate; 51. Strain sensor; 6. Bonding waterproof insulation layer; 7. High-resistivity concrete layer; 71. Resistance sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0014] It should be understood that the step numbers used in the text are for ease of description only and are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are performed.
[0015] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0016] The terms “comprising” and “including” indicate the presence of the described feature, whole, step, operation, element and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.
[0017] The term “and / or” refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items, as well as all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.
[0018] Example 1: See Figure 1 This embodiment proposes a prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including a prefabricated ecological trail unit, a status sensing unit, a data relay unit, and a cloud platform monitoring unit, wherein: In this embodiment, the prefabricated ecological walkway unit, as the object to be monitored, is composed of multiple prefabricated high-resistance ecological panels spliced together using mortise and tenon joints; the prefabricated ecological walkway unit includes an ecological concrete layer, a waterproof insulation layer, and a high-resistance concrete layer, wherein: The prefabricated ecological walkway unit comprises, from top to bottom, an ecological concrete layer, an adhesive, waterproof, and insulating layer 6, and a high-resistance concrete layer 7, wherein: The ecological concrete layer, from top to bottom, includes a support frame surface layer 1, a planting soil layer 2, a fiber interwoven layer 3, a rapid drainage layer 4, and a support frame base plate 5.
[0019] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the state sensing unit includes a strain sensor 51, a temperature and humidity integrated sensor 11, a tilt sensor 41, and a resistance sensor 71, wherein: The strain sensor 51 is a miniature foil strain gauge, which is embedded inside the load-bearing frame of the ecological concrete layer; it is used to monitor the internal strain changes of the slab under load and frost heave stress in real time and to assess the structural integrity. The integrated temperature and humidity sensor 11 is an armored temperature and humidity sensor that is inserted into the planting soil layer 2 of the ecological concrete layer; only one or two sensors can be installed on each patrol trail to monitor soil temperature and humidity in real time, especially to monitor the occurrence of freeze-thaw cycles (when the temperature is close to 0°C and the humidity is extremely high). The tilt sensor 41 is a MEMS tilt sensor, fixed to the load-bearing frame base plate 5 of the ecological concrete; it is used to monitor the tilt changes caused by uneven settlement of the patrol trail due to external human factors or by frost heave.
[0020] The resistance sensor 71 uses parallel plate capacitor electrode pairs, which are fixed to the four corners of the high-resistivity concrete layer 7 with waterproof adhesive, forming a parallel plate capacitor structure in the high-resistivity concrete layer of the inspection walkway. By monitoring the leakage current of this structure under a specific voltage, the insulation performance (resistivity) of the concrete can be reflected.
[0021] In this embodiment, the data relay unit adopts a solar-powered LoRa gateway, and all sensors are connected to the nearest gateway in the form of a self-organizing network, which is set up every 50-100 meters along the patrol trail; it is used to collect all the real-time monitored data of the status sensing unit and transmit the monitored data to the cloud platform monitoring unit through the mobile communication network; Furthermore, the housing of the solar-powered LoRa gateway should have an IP67 or higher protection rating to withstand harsh outdoor environments.
[0022] In this embodiment, the cloud platform monitoring unit includes a data dashboard, an intelligent analysis module, and an early warning release module, wherein: The data dashboard is used to visually display the real-time data and historical trends of all monitoring points; The intelligent analysis module is used to analyze real-time data from all monitoring points and has a pre-built algorithm model. The early warning release module is used to automatically send early warning information to operation and maintenance personnel via SMS, email or APP push when the real-time data of any monitoring point is detected to exceed the preset safety threshold. The early warning information includes the location of the abnormal data, the data type, the current data value and the suggested handling measures.
[0023] Furthermore, in the cloud platform monitoring unit, a unique ID is assigned to each sensor and bound to its geographical location, and an early warning threshold is set, specifically as follows: (1) The strain value continues to exceed (Micro-strain); (2) The difference in the dip angle between two adjacent plates is greater than ; (3) Soil temperature between -2℃ and 0℃ and volumetric moisture content greater than 40% (indicating risk of freezing); (4) The resistivity value of the high-resistivity concrete layer is lower than that of the concrete layer. .
[0024] When the aforementioned preset threshold is triggered, the cloud platform monitoring unit immediately generates an alert and sends it to the mobile devices of the operations and maintenance personnel.
[0025] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
[0026] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of electronic hardware and software. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0027] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, comprising prefabricated ecological trail units, characterized in that, It also includes a state awareness unit, a data relay unit, and a cloud platform monitoring unit, among which: The state sensing unit is used to monitor the internal strain changes, temperature and humidity changes, tilt angle changes and insulation performance of the prefabricated ecological walkway unit in real time. The data relay unit is used to collect real-time monitoring data from the status sensing unit and remotely send the data to the cloud platform monitoring unit via a mobile communication network. The cloud platform monitoring unit is used to receive real-time monitoring data sent by the data relay unit and to issue early warning information to the operation and maintenance personnel.
2. The prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated ecological walkway unit comprises, from top to bottom, an ecological concrete layer, an adhesive waterproof insulation layer (6), and a high-resistance concrete layer (7), wherein: The ecological concrete layer, from top to bottom, includes a support frame surface layer (1), a planting soil layer (2), a fiber interwoven layer (3), a rapid drainage layer (4), and a support frame base plate (5).
3. The prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The state sensing unit includes a strain sensor (51), a temperature and humidity integrated sensor (11), a tilt sensor (41), and a resistance sensor (71), wherein: The strain sensor (51) is a micro foil strain gauge, which is embedded in the load-bearing frame bottom plate (5) of the ecological concrete layer, and is used to monitor the internal strain changes of the plate under load and frost heave stress in real time. The integrated temperature and humidity sensor (11) is an armored temperature and humidity sensor that is inserted into the planting soil layer (2) of the ecological concrete layer to monitor soil temperature and humidity and the occurrence of freeze-thaw cycles in real time. The tilt sensor (41) is a MEMS tilt sensor, which is fixed to the load-bearing frame base plate (5) of the ecological concrete to monitor the tilt changes of the walkway caused by uneven settlement or freeze-thaw heave. The resistance sensor (71) uses parallel plate capacitor electrode pairs and is fixed to the four apex positions of the high-resistivity concrete layer (7) with waterproof adhesive to monitor the insulation performance of the concrete.
4. The prefabricated ecological high-resistivity patrol trail health monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The data relay unit is a solar-powered low-power wide area network gateway used to collect all real-time monitored data from the status sensing unit and transmit the monitored data to the cloud platform monitoring unit via a mobile communication network.