A device for monitoring soil water erosion on a slope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of slope soil water erosion monitoring devices, including collecting box and mounting assembly, the top of collecting box is open design, and the top of collecting box is detachably fixed with top cover, hollow slot is opened in the middle of top cover, and screen is fixed in hollow slot inside, the inside bottom end of collecting box is fixed with support net, and filter cloth is fixed on support net surface, the back of collecting box is fixed with plugboard, the lower surface of plugboard is fixed with slide bar, the mounting assembly includes mounting block, and mounting block top side is equipped with the slot for inserting plugboard and slide bar;The mounting assembly of the utility model allows collecting box to be quickly, non-destructive fixed on slope, without excavating large installation slot, greatly reduce the disturbance to original slope, improve the flexibility and efficiency of deployment.Collecting box is integrated with efficient filter cloth, when sediment-laden runoff enters, moisture can be quickly filtered out, so that silt can be dried and deposited in box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil water erosion monitoring technology, and in particular to a slope soil water erosion monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Slope soil erosion is a major process leading to land degradation, soil nutrient loss, and river and lake siltation, especially prominent in areas with severe soil erosion. Accurate monitoring and assessment of the intensity and dynamics of slope soil erosion are crucial scientific foundations for developing soil and water conservation measures, evaluating their effectiveness, and predicting land productivity. This requires monitoring devices that can sensitively, accurately, and conveniently acquire data on sediment transport caused by rainfall, runoff, and other factors. In existing technologies, devices commonly used for monitoring soil erosion on slopes mainly include runoff plots combined with sediment collection equipment. For example, Chinese patent document CN213456532U discloses a soil erosion monitoring device based on a weight sensor. Its core is to set up a large collection box in a pre-set installation groove on the slope. The runoff and sediment mixture directly enters the collection box, and the weight sensor at the bottom of the box is used to perform real-time or cumulative weighing. This type of technical solution aims to achieve automatic, in-situ measurement of sediment volume.

[0003] However, the existing technical solutions mentioned above have obvious structural defects: First, the deployment process causes significant disturbance to the slope and is inconvenient to operate. Since the device needs to be completely buried in a large installation trench matching the size of the collection box, the trenching work is extensive, severely damaging the original structure and hydrological connectivity of the slope to be monitored, making installation difficult and hindering rapid and flexible repeated deployment on different slopes. Second, the device directly weighs the mixture of sediment and water in the collection box, and the obtained weight is actually the total mass of sediment and water. Because water cannot be effectively separated within the collection box, and the runoff sediment content, sediment particle density, and water retention are not constant in different rainfall events, the final weight signal cannot be accurately and directly converted into pure sediment mass, resulting in poor effectiveness and accuracy of the monitoring results, making it difficult to accurately reflect the true soil erosion situation. Therefore, further improvements are needed. To this end, we propose a slope soil water erosion monitoring device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a slope soil water erosion monitoring device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a slope soil water erosion monitoring device, comprising a collection box and an installation assembly. The collection box has an open top and a detachable top cover. A hollow groove is provided in the middle of the top cover, and a mesh is fixed inside the hollow groove. A support mesh is fixed at the bottom inside the collection box, and a filter cloth is fixed on the surface of the support mesh. An insert plate is fixed on the back of the collection box, and a sliding rod is fixed on the lower surface of the insert plate. The installation assembly includes an installation block, and a slot for inserting the insert plate and the sliding rod is provided on one side of the top of the installation block.

[0006] Furthermore, the top of the collection box has a roof-like sloping design, the top cover has the same shape as the top of the collection box, and side plates are fixed on both sides of the top cover. The side plates are attached to the outer surface of the collection box, and the middle of the side plates is connected by a screw thread.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the collection box is provided with several drainage holes.

[0008] Furthermore, a mounting plate is fixed to the side of the mounting block near the collection box, and a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the mounting plate, with a fixing nail passing through the mounting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting block has a bottom cavity, and a pressure sensor is fixed to the bottom wall of the cavity. A through hole is provided between the slot and the cavity. A sliding rod on the lower surface of the insert plate passes through the through hole and is slidably connected to the through hole. The bottom end of the sliding rod is located above the pressure measuring end of the pressure sensor. A battery and a control module are fixed to the bottom wall of the cavity. A wireless transmission module is provided to match the control module. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control module.

[0010] Furthermore, a rubber diaphragm is fixed in the middle of the bottom cavity, and the pressure sensor, battery and control module are all located below the rubber diaphragm. The bottom end of the slide rod contacts the pressure sensor by squeezing the rubber diaphragm.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. The installation components of this utility model allow for rapid and non-destructive fixing of the collection box on a slope, eliminating the need for excavating large installation trenches. This significantly reduces disturbance to the original slope and improves deployment flexibility and efficiency. The collection box integrates a high-efficiency filter cloth, which quickly filters out water when sand-laden runoff enters, allowing the sediment to dry and settle inside the box. This integrated structure of inlet collection, immediate water filtration, and dry sand retention ensures that the final sample obtained is pure sediment, fundamentally avoiding specific gravity errors caused by water-sand mixing during weighing, and significantly improving the effectiveness and accuracy of monitoring results.

[0012] 2. During the operation of the collection box, the sliding rod on its back moves downward as sediment accumulates inside, applying a continuously increasing squeezing force to the pressure sensor within the mounting assembly. This mechanical transmission structure converts the weight of the sediment into a measurable pressure signal in real time and linearly. When the squeezing force reaches a preset threshold, it indicates that a valid sample collection is complete, and the system issues a notification. The user can then easily disassemble the collection box for precise weighing, thereby obtaining a reliable total amount of water-eroded sediment within a specified monitoring period and scientifically determining the degree of water erosion. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention installed on a slope. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the installation structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of this utility model.

[0015] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Collection box; 101. Drain hole; 2. Top cover; 3. Partition mesh; 4. Side plate; 5. Extrusion bolt; 6. Support mesh; 7. Filter cloth; 8. Mounting assembly; 81. Mounting block; 82. Mounting plate; 83. Slot; 84. Bottom cavity; 85. Through hole; 86. Rubber diaphragm; 87. Pressure sensor; 88. Battery; 89. Control module; 9. Insert plate; 10. Slide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] like Figures 1-5As shown, a slope soil water erosion monitoring device is disclosed, including a collection box 1 and an installation assembly 8. The top of the collection box 1 is open, and a top cover 2 is detachably fixed to the top of the collection box 1. A hollow groove is opened in the middle of the top cover 2, and a mesh 3 is fixed inside the hollow groove. A support mesh 6 is fixed to the bottom of the inside of the collection box 1, and a filter cloth 7 is fixed to the surface of the support mesh 6. An insert plate 9 is fixed to the back of the collection box 1, and a sliding rod 10 is fixed to the lower surface of the insert plate 9. The installation assembly 8 includes an installation block 81, and a slot 83 for inserting the insert plate 9 and the sliding rod 10 is opened on one side of the top of the installation block 81.

[0018] The top of the collection box 1 is designed with a roof-like sloping shape. The top cover 2 has the same shape as the top of the collection box 1, and both sides of the top cover 2 are fixed with side plates 4. The side plates 4 are attached to the outer surface of the collection box 1, and the middle of the side plates 4 is connected by a screw bolt 5.

[0019] When fixing the top cover 2 to the top of the collection box 1, the top cover 2 is clipped onto the top of the collection box 1, and the side plates 4 are located on both sides of the collection box 1. Then, the clamping bolts 5 on both sides are tightened to press against the surface of the collection box 1, thus fixing the top cover 2 and the side plates 4. In this way, after the collection box 1 is fixed on the slope, if branches fall on the top of the collection box 1, the mesh 3 can intercept the branches from entering the collection box 1 and slide down along the roof-like slope of the top cover 2, thus preventing the mud and sand from entering the collection box 1.

[0020] The bottom wall of the collection box 1 has several drainage holes 101. The water and sediment mixture entering the collection box 1 is filtered by the filter cloth 7. The water is discharged from the drainage holes 101, and the sediment remains on the surface of the filter cloth 7.

[0021] Mounting block 81 is fixed with mounting plate 82 near the collection box 1. Mounting plate 82 has a mounting hole in the middle and a fixing nail is installed through the mounting hole.

[0022] When installing the device, first dig a groove on the slope to place the mounting block 81. After placing the mounting block 81 into the groove, fix the mounting block 81 by passing the fixing nail through the mounting hole. Then insert the back plate 9 of the collection box 1 into the slot 83.

[0023] The bottom of the mounting block 81 has a cavity 84, and a pressure sensor 87 is fixed to the bottom wall of the cavity 84. A through hole 85 is formed between the slot 83 and the cavity 84. The slide rod 10 on the lower surface of the insert plate 9 passes through the through hole 85 and is slidably connected to the through hole 85. The bottom end of the slide rod 10 is located above the pressure measuring end of the pressure sensor 87. Therefore, after the insert plate 9 is inserted into the slot 83, the slide rod 10 passes through the through hole 85 and slides down naturally along the through hole 85. The side of the collection box 1 closest to the mounting block 81 is pressed against the slope to ensure that water and sediment can enter the collection box 1 (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown).

[0024] A battery 88 and a control module 89 are fixed to the bottom wall of the cavity 84. A wireless transmission module is provided to match the control module 89. The pressure sensor 87 is electrically connected to the control module 89.

[0025] As more sediment is collected inside the collection box 1, the slide bar 10 on the back of the collection box 1 exerts pressure on the pressure sensor 87. This pressure value is fed back to the control module 89 in real time. When the pressure value reaches the preset value, the control module 89 sends the information to the mobile terminal through the wireless transmission module to remind the staff to disassemble the device. The control module 89 here uses a PLC controller, and the wireless transmission module uses a 5G module. Both of these modules use existing technologies, and their specific working principles will not be elaborated here.

[0026] A rubber diaphragm 86 is fixed in the middle of the bottom cavity 84. The pressure sensor 87, battery 88, and control module 89 are all located below the rubber diaphragm 86. The bottom end of the slide rod 10 contacts the pressure sensor 87 by squeezing the rubber diaphragm 86. The rubber diaphragm 86 separates the bottom and top of the bottom cavity 84, preventing water from entering the bottom of the bottom cavity 84 and protecting the pressure sensor 87, battery 88, and control module 89. The small amount of water that enters the top of the bottom cavity 84 through the through hole 85 exerts negligible pressure on the rubber diaphragm 86.

[0027] Working principle: First, dig a shallow groove on the slope to fit the mounting block 81. Place the mounting block 81 into the groove and use fixing nails to firmly fix it to the slope through the mounting holes on the mounting plate 82. Then, align the insert plate 9 on the back of the collection box 1 with the slot 83 on the top of the mounting block 81, so that the slide rod 10 on the lower surface of the insert plate 9 naturally passes through the through hole 85 between the slot 83 and the bottom cavity 84 and slides downward until the bottom end of the slide rod 10 contacts the pressure sensor 87 measuring end in the bottom cavity 84 through the rubber diaphragm 86. At this time, the collection box 1 is in close contact with the slope, and the installation is completed.

[0028] During collection and monitoring: Sand-laden runoff enters the collection box 1 after being intercepted by the mesh 3 at the top. Water is filtered out as it flows through the filter cloth 7 and discharged through the drainage hole 101 at the bottom of the collection box 1, while sediment is trapped on the surface of the filter cloth 7 and gradually accumulates. As sediment accumulates, the weight of the collection box 1 increases, and the slide bar 10 on its back applies a continuously increasing squeezing force to the pressure sensor 87 through the rubber diaphragm 86. The pressure sensor 87 converts this mechanical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control module 89 in real time. When the pressure value reaches the preset threshold in the control module 89, it indicates that a valid sample has been collected. The control module 89 then sends a prompt message to the staff's mobile terminal through the wireless transmission module.

[0029] During sampling: After receiving the prompt, the staff can remove the compression bolt 5, remove the top cover 2 and side plate 4, and take out the collection box 1 together with the insert plate 9 from the slot 83 of the mounting block 81 as a whole. At this time, the filter cloth 7 is deposited with pure mud and sand after water filtration. Finally, the mud and sand in the collection box 1 is weighed to obtain the accurate total amount of mud and sand erosion during the monitoring period, so as to scientifically determine the degree of water erosion.

[0030] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A slope soil water erosion monitoring device, characterized in that: The collection box (1) includes a collection box (1) and an installation assembly (8). The top of the collection box (1) is open and a top cover (2) is detachably fixed to the top of the collection box (1). A hollow groove is provided in the middle of the top cover (2) and a mesh (3) is fixed inside the hollow groove. A support mesh (6) is fixed to the bottom of the inside of the collection box (1) and a filter cloth (7) is fixed to the surface of the support mesh (6). An insert plate (9) is fixed to the back of the collection box (1) and a slide rod (10) is fixed to the lower surface of the insert plate (9). The installation assembly (8) includes an installation block (81) and a slot (83) for inserting the insert plate (9) and the slide rod (10) is provided on one side of the top of the installation block (81).

2. The slope soil water erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the collection box (1) is designed with a roof-like slope. The top cover (2) has the same shape as the top of the collection box (1). Both sides of the top cover (2) are fixed with side plates (4). The side plates (4) are attached to the outer surface of the collection box (1). The middle of the side plate (4) is connected by a screw bolt (5).

3. The slope soil water erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the collection box (1) has several drainage holes (101).

4. The slope soil water erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting block (81) is fixed with a mounting plate (82) on the side near the collection box (1). The mounting plate (82) has a mounting hole in the middle and a fixing nail is installed through the mounting hole.

5. A slope soil water erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting block (81) has a bottom cavity (84) at its bottom. A pressure sensor (87) is fixed in the bottom wall of the bottom cavity (84). A through hole (85) is provided between the slot (83) and the bottom cavity (84). A slide rod (10) on the lower surface of the insert plate (9) passes through the through hole (85) and is slidably connected to the through hole (85). The bottom end of the slide rod (10) is located above the pressure measuring end of the pressure sensor (87). A battery (88) and a control module (89) are fixed in the bottom wall of the bottom cavity (84). A wireless transmission module is provided to match the control module (89). The pressure sensor (87) is electrically connected to the control module (89).

6. A slope soil water erosion monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rubber diaphragm (86) is fixed in the middle of the bottom cavity (84). The pressure sensor (87), the battery (88) and the control module (89) are all located below the rubber diaphragm (86). The bottom end of the slide rod (10) contacts the pressure sensor (87) by squeezing the rubber diaphragm (86).

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