A rainwater scouring simulation experiment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to rainwater scouring simulation technical field especially, more particularly to a rainwater scouring simulation experiment device, including experiment box, the bottom of experiment box is equipped with water outlet and outlet pipe, the rainwater scouring device is placed on the experiment box upper end, the rainwater scouring device includes the bottom plate and cover box sealed fixed together, the bottom plate is densely covered with hole, the hole is fixed in the straw, the cover box upper surface is equipped with water inlet and air inlet, the water inlet is connected water pump through the hose, the air inlet is connected air pump through the air pipe, the cover box bottom is equipped with the water drain, and the water drain is equipped with the sealing cover, the device can simulate the scouring condition of rainwater to the plant that has applied pesticide, compared with the field experiment, greatly reduces the experiment cost, can carry out the simulation experiment under multiple rainfall environment, through the controllable, repeatable multiple experiment conditions that human creates, can realize scientific comparison quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rainwater erosion simulation technology, and in particular to a rainwater erosion simulation experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural production and ecological environment research, the environmental problems and efficacy reduction caused by pesticides being washed away by rainwater are core research directions for agricultural non-point source pollution control and the optimization of rational pesticide application technologies. After being washed away by rainwater, pesticides not only reduce the effective dosage on target crops, affecting the control of pests, diseases, and weeds and causing pesticide waste, but they may also migrate with runoff to surrounding water bodies and deeper soil layers, causing ecological risks such as eutrophication and destruction of soil microbial communities. Furthermore, they may even accumulate through the food chain, threatening human health. Therefore, conducting rainwater washout experiments to screen different formulations to obtain rainwater-resistant and stable formulations, thereby enabling scientific, precise, and effective pesticide application, is crucial for related research.

[0003] Field experiments are one approach, with the advantage of higher practical application value and direct reflection of the technology's performance in real fields. However, their limitations include the inability to replicate experimental conditions, difficulty in accurately pinpointing the impact of single variables, long preparation periods requiring experimental plot division and field environment treatment, and high overall costs due to seasonal limitations and other factors. Laboratory experiments, on the other hand, have become the core method for basic mechanism research due to their high controllability and repeatability. Laboratory experiments are not limited by season or location, can quickly conduct multiple parallel experiments, have short experimental cycles, high repeatability, and lower costs. Therefore, an experimental device simulating pesticide washing away by rainwater is needed to meet current research requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rainwater erosion simulation experimental device.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A rainwater erosion simulation experiment device includes an experimental box with an opening at the top and a water outlet at the bottom of either side of the box, with a water outlet pipe connected to the outlet. A rainwater erosion device is placed on the top of the experimental box, comprising a base plate and a cover box sealed together. The base plate has evenly distributed holes, and a suction tube is fixed inside the holes, passing downward through the holes and located inside the experimental box. The upper end of the suction tube is lower than the upper surface of the cover box. The upper surface of the cover box has a water inlet and an air inlet. The water inlet is connected to a water pump via a hose, and the water pump is connected to a water tank. The air inlet is connected to an air pump via an air pipe. The bottom of the cover box has a drain outlet with a sealing cap.

[0006] Furthermore, the straw includes at least two different heights, with the straws of different heights arranged alternately.

[0007] Furthermore, the straw includes a high tube and a low tube, with the upper end of the high tube 5-10cm away from the upper surface of the inner casing, and the upper end of the low tube 10-15cm away from the upper surface of the inner casing.

[0008] Furthermore, a fan is installed on any side of the experimental chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the cover box is provided with wing plates around its perimeter, and the edges of the wing plates and the bottom plate are provided with corresponding round holes. The bottom plate and the cover box are fastened together by bolts passing through the round holes.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided around the base plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper part of the straw is tapered.

[0012] Furthermore, several support plates are fixed on the upper surface of the base plate, and the upper surface of the support plates abuts against the upper surface of the inner side of the cover box.

[0013] Furthermore, the experimental chamber, base plate, and cover are all made of transparent acrylic sheets.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the base plate is provided with baffles around its perimeter, and the straw is located within the space enclosed by the baffles, which are located inside the experimental chamber.

[0015] The device of this invention has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. It can simulate the erosion of pesticide-treated plants by rainwater, greatly reducing experimental costs compared to field experiments. This invention can set different water flow rates to simulate different rainfall levels, conducting simulation experiments under various rainfall environments. By artificially creating multiple controllable and repeatable experimental conditions, it can quickly achieve scientific comparisons. This device can be used for research on pesticide environmental behavior, assisting in the development of low-leakage pesticide formulations and the optimization of soil and water conservation pesticide application technologies. It can also provide a reliable experimental platform for fields such as agricultural non-point source pollution control and the evaluation of pest, disease, and weed control effects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of the enclosure after disassembly in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another angle in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the base plate structure in this embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cover box structure in this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the cover box structure in this embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental box structure in this embodiment; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental box from another angle in this embodiment; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the high-head and low-head pipe structure in this embodiment.

[0017] In the diagram, 1 is the experimental box, 2 is the water outlet, 3 is the water pipe, 4 is the base plate, 5 is the cover box, 6 is the straw, 7 is the water inlet, 8 is the air inlet, 9 is the hose, 10 is the water pump, 11 is the water tank, 12 is the air pipe, 13 is the air pump, 14 is the drain, 15 is the high pipe, 16 is the low pipe, 17 is the fan, 18 is the wing plate, 19 is the round hole, 20 is the bolt, 21 is the nut, 22 is the support plate, and 23 is the baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0019] This embodiment includes an experimental chamber 1 with an opening at the top. Plant samples treated with pesticides are placed on the bottom of the chamber 1. For ease of observation during the experiment, the experimental chamber 1 is preferably made of transparent acrylic sheet, allowing a direct view of its interior. A water outlet 2 is located at the bottom of either side of the experimental chamber 1, connected to a water outlet pipe 3. Water can be discharged from the experimental chamber 1 through the outlet 2 and the water outlet pipe 3. To simulate a rainy and windy environment, a fan 17 is preferably installed on either side of the experimental chamber 1. The fan 17 has adjustable airflow, thus simulating rain conditions under different wind speeds.

[0020] The rainwater flushing device is placed on the upper part of the experimental chamber 1. The rainwater flushing device includes a base plate 4 and a cover box 5 that are sealed and fixed together. The base plate 4 is a horizontal plate, and its size is slightly larger than that of the experimental chamber 1. The base plate 4 can rest on the upper surface of the experimental chamber 1. The cover box 5 is located above the base plate 4, and the lower end of the cover box 5 is open. The base plate 4 and the cover box 5 together form a sealed space. For ease of observation, the base plate 4 and the cover box 5 are preferably made of transparent acrylic sheets. In this embodiment, the cover box 5 and the base plate 4 are fixed together by bolts 20. Specifically, there are wing plates 18 on the periphery of the cover box 5. The edges of the wing plates 18 and the edges of the base plate 4 are provided with corresponding round holes 19. The bolts 20 pass through the round holes 19. Nuts 21 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the bolts 20. By tightening the nuts 21 at the upper and lower ends of the bolts 20, the base plate 4 and the cover box 5 can be fastened together. Since both the wing plate 18 and the base plate 4 are flat plates, they can be tightly connected when they are pressed together, preventing water from flowing out from the connection between the base plate 4 and the cover box 5. However, to further ensure the sealing effect, a sealing ring can be placed between the base plate 4 and the wing plate 18, that is, a sealing ring is provided around the base plate 4, which has a better sealing effect.

[0021] The base plate 4 has evenly distributed holes, and a straw 6 is fixed inside each hole. The straw 6 is sealed to the hole, so that water can only leak out from inside the straw 6. The straw 6 passes downward through the hole and is located inside the experimental chamber 1, that is, part of the straw 6 is above the hole and part is below the hole. In this embodiment, the upper part of the straw 6 is conical, that is, the upper opening of the straw 6 is large and the lower opening is small. The upper end of the straw 6 is lower than the upper surface of the inner wall of the cover box 5, that is, there is a certain distance between the upper end of the straw 6 and the upper surface of the inner wall of the cover box 5. To simulate different rainfall amounts, preferably, the straw 6 used includes at least two heights, and the straws 6 of different heights are arranged alternately. In this embodiment, two types of straws 6 are used, which we refer to as the high-height straw 15 and the low-height straw 16. The distances between the upper ends of the high-height straw 15 and the upper ends of the low-height straw 16 and the upper inner surface of the cover box 5 are different. Preferably, the distance between the upper ends of the high-height straw 15 and the upper inner surface of the cover box 5 is 5-10 cm, and the distance between the upper ends of the low-height straw 16 and the upper inner surface of the cover box 5 is 10-15 cm. When the water level in the cover box 5 is lower than the upper end of the low-height straw 16, no water enters into either the low-height straw 16 or the high-height straw 15, and no water falls into the experimental chamber 1. When the water level in the cover box 5 is higher than the upper end of the low-height straw 16 but lower than the upper end of the high-height straw 15, water enters into the low-height straw 16, and the water in the low-height straw 16 falls into the experimental chamber 1, forming precipitation. When the water level in the cover box 5 is higher than the upper end of the high-height straw 15, water enters into both the low-height straw 16 and the high-height straw 15, and the water in both the low-height straw 16 and the high-height straw 15 falls into the experimental chamber 1, thereby increasing the precipitation. After the experiment, in order to facilitate the drainage of water from the enclosure 5, a drain outlet 14 is provided at the bottom of the enclosure 5. A sealing cap is provided at the drain outlet 14, through which water from the enclosure 5 can be drained.

[0022] To increase the stability of the base plate 4 and the cover box 5 structure, it is preferable to fix several support plates 22 on the upper surface of the base plate 4. The support plates 22 avoid the position of the straw 6, and the upper end face of the support plates 22 abuts against the inner upper surface of the cover box 5. The several support plates 22 further support the cover box 5, making the space formed by the base plate 4 and the cover box 5 less prone to deformation. Preferably, in this embodiment, baffles 23 are provided downward around the lower surface of the base plate 4, and the straw 6 is located within the space enclosed by the baffles 23. The baffles 23 are downward located inside the experimental chamber 1.

[0023] The upper surface of the housing 5 is provided with a water inlet 7 and an air inlet 8. The water inlet 7 is connected to a water pump 10 via a hose 9, and the water pump 10 is connected to a water tank 11. Water is injected into the housing 5 through the water inlet 7. The air inlet 8 is connected to an air pump 13 via an air pipe 12. Air is injected into the space between the base plate 4 and the housing 5 through the air inlet 8, and the pressure in the space between the base plate 4 and the housing 5 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the speed at which water droplets fall and simulating rainfall of different intensities.

[0024] During the experiment, plant samples treated with pesticides were first placed in experimental chamber 1. The plant samples could be potted or prepared in other ways. Then, a rainwater flushing device was placed on top of experimental chamber 1, with the suction pipe 6 of the rainwater flushing device facing the inside of experimental chamber 1. At the same time, the baffles 23 were all located inside experimental chamber 1. The water inlet 7 was connected to the water pump 10 through the hose 9. The water pump 10 was connected to the water tank 11. The air inlet 8 was connected to the air pump 13 through the air pipe 12. The water pump 10 was turned on to inject water into the cover box 5. When the water level in the cover box 5 was higher than the short pipe 16, water entered the short pipe 16 and fell from the short pipe 16. If it is necessary to increase the rainfall, water can be injected until the water level in the cover box 5 is higher than the high pipe 15. Water enters the short pipe 16 and the high pipe 15 at the same time, and the water in the short pipe 16 and the high pipe 15 falls into the experimental chamber 1. To increase the intensity of rainfall, turn on the air pump 13 to inflate the enclosure 5, increasing the pressure within the space enclosed by the enclosure 5 and the base plate 4. This increases the falling speed of the water droplets. Adjust the pressure inside the enclosure 5 as needed. During the experiment, ensure the highest water level does not touch the inner upper surface of the enclosure 5; maintain a certain distance between the water and the enclosure 5. To simulate rain conditions under different wind speeds, turn on the fan 17 and adjust the wind speed as needed. During the experiment, water flows out of the outlet pipe 3 from the experimental chamber 1. After the test is completed according to the set experimental conditions, remove the plant samples from the experimental chamber 1 and measure the pesticide residue on the plants. Compare this residue with the pesticide content before the experiment to calculate the pesticide erosion loss rate, thus quantifying the plant's erosion resistance. To clean the rainwater erosion device, unscrew the bolt 20 and open the enclosure 5 for cleaning.

[0025] This invention's device can simulate the erosion of pesticide-treated plants by rainwater. Based on the residue levels of various pesticide formulations measured in experiments, it can screen formulations to provide a basis for pesticide formulation improvement. For example, it can improve formulations with poor erosion resistance, enhancing their adhesion stability on crop surfaces to obtain optimal erosion-resistant formulations. These formulations can then be applied to actual field applications, avoiding problems such as low pesticide utilization and waste, improving pesticide use efficiency, ensuring pesticide efficacy, reducing production costs, and protecting the ecological environment. Compared to field experiments, this method is controllable and repeatable, enabling rapid scientific comparisons and efficient multivariate comparative studies.

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainwater erosion simulation experimental device, characterized in that: The experiment box (1) is open at the top and has a water outlet (2) at the bottom of either side. A water outlet (2) is connected to a water pipe (3) at the water outlet (2). A rainwater flushing device is placed at the top of the experiment box (1). The rainwater flushing device includes a base plate (4) and a cover box (5) that are sealed and fixed together. Holes are evenly distributed on the base plate (4). A suction tube (6) is fixed in the hole. The suction tube (6) passes through the hole and is located inside the experiment box (1). The upper end of the suction tube (6) is lower than the upper surface of the cover box (5). A water inlet (7) and an air inlet (8) are provided on the upper surface of the cover box (5). The water inlet (7) is connected to a water pump (10) through a hose (9). The water pump (10) is connected to a water tank (11). The air inlet (8) is connected to an air pump (13) through an air pipe (12). A drain outlet (14) is provided at the bottom of the cover box (5). A sealing cover is provided at the drain outlet (14).

2. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw (6) includes at least two heights of straws, with the straws (6) of different heights arranged alternately.

3. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The straw (6) includes a high tube (15) and a low tube (16). The distance between the upper end of the high tube (15) and the upper surface of the inner part of the cover box (5) is 5-10cm, and the distance between the upper end of the low tube (16) and the upper surface of the inner part of the cover box (5) is 10-15cm.

4. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A fan (17) is installed on any side of the experimental box (1).

5. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover box (5) is provided with wing plates (18) around its perimeter. The edges of the wing plates (18) and the bottom plate (4) are provided with corresponding round holes (19). The bottom plate (4) and the cover box (5) are fastened together by bolts (20) passing through the round holes (19).

6. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base plate (4) is provided with a sealing ring around its circumference.

7. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the straw (6) is conical.

8. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several support plates (22) are fixed on the upper surface of the base plate (4), and the upper end face of the support plate (22) abuts against the inner upper surface of the cover box (5).

9. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental box (1), the base plate (4) and the cover box (5) are all made of transparent acrylic sheet.

10. The rainwater erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (4) has baffles (23) on all four sides of its lower surface. The straw (6) is located in the space enclosed by the baffles (23), which are located inside the experimental box (1).

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