A device for continuous monitoring of evaporation from soil-rock mixed medium

Abstract

The utility model belongs to soil evaporation quantity determination test device field, concretely relates to a kind of continuous monitoring device suitable for soil and stone mixed medium evaporation quantity, it includes controller and the test box with top opening, and the top opening of test box is equipped with the transparent box cover that can be opened and closed, test box bottom is provided with air inlet pipe, test box top is provided with air outlet pipe, fan is arranged outside test box for making air from air inlet pipe into test box and from air outlet pipe air out, fan is the air pump connected to air outlet pipe, the middle part of test box is provided with the sample support net of horizontal arrangement, the upper surface of sample support net is laid with breathable geomembrane, air inlet pipe is equipped with first temperature and humidity sensor, air outlet pipe is equipped with second temperature and humidity sensor, flowmeter and barometer, fan, first temperature and humidity sensor, second temperature and humidity sensor, flowmeter and barometer are all electrically connected with controller.The utility model can conveniently realize the continuous monitoring of soil and stone mixed medium evaporation quantity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of soil evaporation measurement test device, specifically relating to a device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media. Background Technology

[0002] Evaporation of soil media is a crucial link in the material cycle of ecosystems and an important parameter for agricultural irrigation, hydrological research and forecasting, and water resource management. It has always been a research focus in soil science, geography, hydrology, and ecology. "Soil-rock mixture" refers to loose soil and rock media with a certain amount of rock content and extreme heterogeneity. Currently, the main device for measuring soil evaporation both domestically and internationally is the lyoismeter. However, these devices are complex to install, expensive, and can influence groundwater hydrological conditions. Furthermore, their applicability is limited in areas with complex soil conditions, such as soil-rock mixtures or uneven soil layer distribution. Simple devices for measuring soil evaporation in the laboratory often utilize manual weighing. For example, Chinese patent document CN216525308U discloses a test device for measuring soil moisture evaporation at a specific temperature, including a frame connected to a carrier, multiple lamp holders at the bottom of the frame, a power adjustment switch connected to the lamp holders at the top of the frame, and a warm lamp screwed into the bottom of the lamp holders. A retaining ring is provided on the outside of the lamp holders, and a threaded portion is machined on the outside of the lamp holders, below the retaining ring, through which a container structure for storing test soil is fitted. A wind power device is also provided at the bottom of the frame to provide natural wind to the container structure. The experimental method is as follows: First, samples are collected from the test site and placed inside the container structure. The container structure is weighed and its weight recorded. Then, the container structure is connected to the lamp holder, and the power adjustment switch is turned on to a suitable setting so that the lamp heats up to the predetermined temperature, which does not exceed the highest temperature recorded in the local area over the years. The wind turbine is turned on to simulate natural wind speed, and air is slowly introduced into the container structure. The test lasts for 1-2 hours. After the test, the container structure is removed, weighed, and the amount of water evaporation is determined and recorded. However, to achieve continuous monitoring of soil evaporation, the above method requires multiple disassembly and reassembly of the container structure and multiple weighings, which is cumbersome and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a device for continuous monitoring of the evaporation of soil-rock mixture, which can facilitate the continuous monitoring of the evaporation of soil-rock mixture.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media, comprising a controller and a test chamber with a top opening, wherein the top opening of the test chamber is equipped with an openable and closable transparent cover, the inner cavity of the test chamber is a cylindrical structure, an air inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the test chamber, an air outlet pipe is provided at the top of the test chamber, and a fan is provided outside the test chamber to allow air to enter the test chamber from the air inlet pipe and flow out from the air outlet pipe. The fan is an air pump connected to the air outlet pipe, and the lower surface of the transparent cover is horizontal. The test chamber is configured such that the lower surface of the transparent cover is aligned with the inner wall of the test chamber, a horizontally arranged sample support net is located in the middle of the test chamber, and the upper surface of the sample support net is covered with a breathable geomembrane, which is also aligned with the inner wall of the test chamber. The air inlet pipe is equipped with a first temperature and humidity sensor, and the air outlet pipe is equipped with a second temperature and humidity sensor, a flow meter, and a pressure gauge. The fan, the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, the flow meter, and the pressure gauge are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0005] A further preferred option is that the bottom of the inner cavity of the test chamber is filled with a pile of breathable stones, and the top of the breathable stone pile supports and fixes the sample support net.

[0006] A further preferred option is that the inner cavity of the test chamber has a rectangular structure.

[0007] A further preferred option is that both the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are located on the side of the test chamber.

[0008] A further preferred option is that the bottom of the test chamber is fixedly equipped with multiple support legs, the support height of each support leg is adjustable, and each support leg is equipped with a caster wheel with brakes at its bottom.

[0009] In the specific implementation of this utility model, the soil-rock mixture sample is first laid flat and filled on the upper surface area of ​​the breathable geomembrane (the upper surface of the soil-rock mixture sample is set horizontally, and the soil-rock mixture sample fills the corresponding horizontal section of the inner cavity of the test chamber). Then, the transparent box cover is closed, and finally the fan is turned on. The air temperature and humidity in the inlet pipe, the air temperature and humidity, flow rate and air pressure in the outlet pipe are measured in real time using the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, the flow meter and the barometer. The fan operates at constant pressure.

[0010] The method for calculating the evaporation rate of the soil-rock mixture in this invention is as follows: , , , , In the above formula, e is the base of the natural logarithm, approximately equal to 2.71828; The rate of moisture transport in the air inside the intake pipe at the time of measurement. The measurement was taken at the air outlet pipe at the specified time to measure the rate of moisture transport in the air. The relative humidity of the air inside the intake pipe at the time of measurement. The relative humidity of the air inside the outlet pipe at the time of measurement. To measure the air temperature inside the intake manifold at the specified time. The value is the air temperature inside the outlet pipe at the time of measurement, V is the air flow rate measured inside the outlet pipe, P is the air pressure inside the outlet pipe, P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure, and R is the standard gas constant for air. This represents the change in water vapor inside the test chamber. To measure the initial air humidity inside the outlet pipe (unit: g / m³) 3 ), To measure the air humidity inside the outlet pipe at the end of the period (measured in g / m³). 3 ), t0 is the initial measurement time, te is the final measurement time, V b Let A be the volume of the cavity formed by the upper surface of the soil-rock mixture sample, the lower surface of the transparent box cover, and the inner wall of the test chamber, Δt be the data sampling interval, and ET be the evaporation rate of the soil-rock mixture within a certain time period.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by using a first temperature and humidity sensor, a second temperature and humidity sensor, a flow meter and a barometer to measure the air temperature and humidity, flow rate and air pressure in the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe in real time, the evaporation rate of the soil-rock mixture can be calculated according to the above formula. The overall device is relatively simple and the implementation process is relatively easy. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0013] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: test chamber 1, transparent cover 2, fan 3, sample support net 4, breathable geomembrane 5, air inlet pipe 6, air outlet pipe 7, first temperature and humidity sensor 8, second temperature and humidity sensor 9, flow meter 10, barometer 11, and support leg 12. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0015] Please see Figure 1 This utility model includes a controller and a test chamber 1 with a top opening. The top opening of the test chamber 1 is equipped with an openable and closable transparent cover 2. The inner cavity of the test chamber 1 has a cylindrical structure. An air inlet pipe 6 is provided at the bottom of the test chamber 1, and an air outlet pipe 7 is provided at the top of the test chamber 1. A fan 3 is provided outside the test chamber 1 to allow air to enter the test chamber 1 through the air inlet pipe 6 and flow out through the air outlet pipe 7. The fan 3 is an air pump connected to the air outlet pipe 7. The lower surface of the transparent cover 2 is horizontally positioned, and the lower surface of the transparent cover 2 is aligned with the inner wall of the test chamber 1. Next, a horizontally arranged sample support net 4 is set in the middle of the test chamber 1. The sample support net 4 is connected to the inner wall of the test chamber 1 on all four sides. A breathable geomembrane 5 is laid on the upper surface of the sample support net 4. The breathable geomembrane 5 is connected to the inner wall of the test chamber 1 on all four sides. The air inlet pipe 6 is equipped with a first temperature and humidity sensor 8. The air outlet pipe 7 is equipped with a second temperature and humidity sensor 9, a flow meter 10 and a barometer 11. The fan 3, the first temperature and humidity sensor 8, the second temperature and humidity sensor 9, the flow meter 10 and the barometer 11 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] The test chamber 1 can generally be made of various metal frames and plates welded together, for example, stainless steel. The transparent cover 2, besides the necessary rigid support frame, can generally be made of plexiglass, plastic film, or similar materials. The lower surface of the transparent cover 2 is horizontally positioned, and its perimeter is aligned with the inner wall of the test chamber 1. This means that the lower surface of the transparent cover 2 can directly overlap the upper surface of the test chamber 1, or it can overlap the upper surface of the test chamber 1 through a ring-shaped frame, as long as the cavity formed by the lower surface of the transparent cover 2 and the inner wall of the test chamber 1 is a conventional cylindrical structure. For ease of manufacturing and calculation of Vb (volume of the cavity formed by the upper surface of the soil-rock mixture sample, the lower surface of the transparent cover 2, and the inner wall of the test chamber 1) and A (horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the inner cavity of the test chamber 1) mentioned in the previous formula, the inner cavity of the test chamber 1 is preferably rectangular, and the cavity formed by the lower surface of the transparent cover 2 and the inner wall of the test chamber 1 is also rectangular. In one embodiment, the internal dimensions of the test chamber 1 can be designed to be 1.6 m × 0.8 m × 0.6 m. The transparent cover 2 can generally be placed on top of the test chamber 1 by its own weight.

[0017] The first temperature and humidity sensor 8 can be an integrated sensor that can detect both temperature and humidity, or it can be a separate temperature and humidity sensor. Similarly, the second temperature and humidity sensor 9 can be an integrated sensor that can detect both temperature and humidity, or it can be a separate temperature and humidity sensor.

[0018] A horizontally arranged sample support net 4 is provided in the middle of the test chamber 1. The vertical arrangement of the sample support net 4 is between the interface of the air inlet pipe 6 and the interface of the air outlet pipe 7 on the test chamber 1. The three have a reasonable distance between them so that after the soil and rock mixture sample is laid flat and filled on the upper surface area of ​​the breathable geomembrane 5, when the fan 3 is started, air enters the test chamber 1 from the air inlet pipe 6, passes through the soil and rock mixture sample, and then flows out from the air outlet pipe 7.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sample support net 4 can be directly set at a predetermined height inside the test chamber 1 using a rigid frame structure. For easier implementation, in other preferred embodiments, a permeable stone pile is laid flat at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test chamber 1, with the top of the permeable stone pile supporting and fixing the sample support net 4. In specific implementation, the interior of the test chamber 1 is a rectangular cavity structure, and the permeable stone pile, sample support net 4, permeable geomembrane 5, and soil-rock mixture sample are sequentially laid inside it. To facilitate the arrangement of pipes and connections, the air inlet pipe 6 and the air outlet pipe 7 are preferably located on the side of the test chamber 1.

[0020] In some embodiments, the bottom of the test chamber 1 is fixedly equipped with multiple support legs 12, the support height of each support leg 12 is adjustable, and the bottom end of each support leg 12 is equipped with a movable wheel with a brake. The movable wheel facilitates the overall movement of the device, and the adjustable support height of the support leg 12 (i.e., its vertical length is adjustable) makes it suitable for different terrain surfaces. It is understood that the movable wheel with a brake is an existing complete set of components, and the adjustable vertical length of the support leg 12 can also adopt conventional technology in the art, such as an automatic adjustment structure using cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, electric lead screws, etc., or a combination of a coaxially connected threaded rod and a fixed sleeve for manual adjustment.

[0021] In the specific implementation of this utility model, the soil-rock mixture sample is first laid flat and filled on the upper surface area of ​​the breathable geomembrane 5 (the upper surface of the soil-rock mixture sample is set horizontally, and the soil-rock mixture sample fills the corresponding horizontal section of the inner cavity of the test chamber 1). Then, the transparent chamber cover 2 is closed, and finally, the fan 3 is turned on. The fan 3 operates at constant pressure. The air temperature and humidity in the inlet pipe 6 and the air temperature, humidity, flow rate, and air pressure in the outlet pipe 7 are measured in real time using the first temperature and humidity sensor 8, the second temperature and humidity sensor 9, the flow meter 10, and the barometer 11. After the test, the evaporation rate of the soil-rock mixture can be calculated using the above-mentioned measurement parameters and the calculation method described above. It should be noted that this utility model only claims protection for the device structure described above, and does not claim protection for the calculation method described above. The real-time detection data collected by the controller from the first temperature and humidity sensor 8, the second temperature and humidity sensor 9, the flow meter 10, and the barometer 11 only represents the conventional data transmission form. This utility model does not include any improvement to the computer program. The controller collects real-time detection data from the first temperature and humidity sensor 8, the second temperature and humidity sensor 9, the flow meter 10, and the barometer 11. The data can be viewed directly on the controller's built-in display screen or transmitted to other display terminals, such as computers and mobile phones.

Claims

1. A device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media, comprising a controller and a test chamber (1) with a top opening, wherein the top opening of the test chamber (1) is provided with an openable and closable transparent cover (2), the inner cavity of the test chamber (1) is cylindrical, an air inlet pipe (6) is provided at the bottom of the test chamber (1), an air outlet pipe (7) is provided at the top of the test chamber (1), and a fan (3) is provided outside the test chamber (1) for allowing air to enter the test chamber (1) from the air inlet pipe (6) and flow out from the air outlet pipe (7), characterized in that: The fan (3) is an air pump connected to the air outlet pipe (7). The lower surface of the transparent box cover (2) is horizontally set. The lower surface of the transparent box cover (2) is connected to the inner wall of the test chamber (1) around the perimeter. A sample support net (4) is arranged horizontally in the middle of the test chamber (1). The sample support net (4) is connected to the inner wall of the test chamber (1) around the perimeter. A breathable geomembrane (5) is laid on the upper surface of the sample support net (4). The breathable geomembrane (5) is connected to the inner wall of the test chamber (1) around the perimeter. The air inlet pipe (6) is equipped with a first temperature and humidity sensor (8). The air outlet pipe (7) is equipped with a second temperature and humidity sensor (9), a flow meter (10), and a barometer (11). The fan (3), the first temperature and humidity sensor (8), the second temperature and humidity sensor (9), the flow meter (10), and the barometer (11) are all electrically connected to the controller.

2. The device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner cavity of the test chamber (1) is filled with a pile of permeable stones, and the top of the permeable stone pile supports and fixes the sample support net (4).

3. The device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the test chamber (1) is rectangular.

4. The device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the air inlet pipe (6) and the air outlet pipe (7) are located on the side of the test chamber (1).

5. A device for continuous monitoring of evaporation of soil-rock mixed media as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the test chamber (1) is fixedly equipped with multiple support legs (12), the support height of each support leg (12) is adjustable, and each support leg (12) is equipped with a moving wheel with brake at the bottom.

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