Test fixture for battery thermal propagation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a test frock of battery heat diffusion, including box, explosion -proof structure, drainage structure and switching structure, the inside of box is equipped with accommodation space, is equipped with the electric core placement area for placing the electric core of waiting for testing in the accommodation space, explosion -proof structure with drainage structure all set up in the box, switching structure is used for selectively switching the electric core placement area passes through explosion -proof structure and outside communication, or passes through drainage structure and outside communication. The utility model avoids the explosion of box, has improved the security, has reduced the difficulty of washing in the box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a test fixture for battery thermal diffusion. Background Technology

[0002] Currently used thermal runaway test fixtures pose a risk of explosion because the thermal runaway of the battery cell will eject a large amount of high-temperature material, causing the internal pressure of the fixture to increase rapidly. At the same time, a large amount of dirt will remain inside the chamber after the test, making cleaning difficult. Utility Model Content

[0003] Currently, in battery runaway testing fixtures, the internal pressure cannot be released during cell thermal runaway, potentially posing an explosion risk to the test chamber. Furthermore, a large amount of dirt accumulates inside the chamber after thermal runaway, making cleaning difficult. To address these issues, the purpose of this invention is to provide a battery thermal diffusion testing fixture that prevents chamber explosions, improves safety, and reduces the difficulty of cleaning the chamber.

[0004] This utility model provides a test fixture for battery thermal diffusion, including a housing, an explosion-proof structure, a drainage structure, and a switching structure. The housing has an internal accommodating space, and the accommodating space has a cell placement area for placing the battery cell to be tested. The explosion-proof structure and the drainage structure are both disposed on the housing. The switching structure is used to selectively switch the cell placement area to be connected to the outside through the explosion-proof structure or through the drainage structure.

[0005] In one embodiment, the accommodating space includes a first mounting slot and a second mounting slot, the first mounting slot being the area for placing the battery cell; the second mounting slot has at least one connecting pipe inside; the first mounting slot and the second mounting slot are connected through an opening; the switching structure is disposed at the opening, and the switching structure can selectively connect to the explosion-proof structure or the drainage structure through the connecting pipe.

[0006] In one embodiment, the second mounting groove protrudes outside the first mounting groove along the height direction of the housing.

[0007] In one embodiment, the connecting pipe includes a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, which are respectively connected to the explosion-proof structure and the drainage structure; the switching structure includes a rotating plate rotatably disposed at the opening, the rotating plate blocking the opening; the rotating plate has a connecting hole, and by adjusting the rotating plate, the connecting hole can be selectively connected to the first connecting pipe or the second connecting pipe.

[0008] In one embodiment, the connecting pipe includes a first connecting pipe, and the switching structure includes a rotating plate rotatably disposed at the opening, the rotating plate blocking the opening; the rotating plate has a connecting hole, one end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the rotating plate and communicates with the connecting hole, and by adjusting the rotating plate, the other end of the first connecting pipe can be selectively connected to the explosion-proof structure or the drainage structure.

[0009] In one embodiment, a first limiting structure is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating plate; a second limiting structure is provided on the housing for cooperating with the first limiting structure to limit the rotation angle of the rotating plate; the second limiting structure includes a first limiting part and a second limiting part, when the first limiting structure cooperates with the first limiting part, the connecting hole is aligned with the explosion-proof structure; when the first limiting structure cooperates with the second limiting part, the connecting hole is aligned with the drainage structure.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first limiting structure includes a limiting block connected to the rotating plate, and the limiting block is provided with a limiting hole; the first limiting part is a first limiting post, and the second limiting part is a second limiting post; when the switching structure rotates to a designated position, the limiting hole is sleeved on the first limiting post or the second limiting post.

[0011] In one embodiment, the switching structure further includes a positioning post, one end of which passes through the rotating plate and is fixed to the second mounting groove, and the rotating plate is capable of rotating around the positioning post.

[0012] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof structure is an explosion-proof valve disposed on the enclosure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the drainage structure is a drain pipe disposed in the housing and extending outside the housing.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting a switching structure, when it is necessary to use experimental fixtures to simulate thermal runaway experiments, the switching structure switches to the cell placement area of ​​the containment space, which is only connected to the explosion-proof structure. The explosion-proof structure can release pressure in time, avoiding excessive pressure in the box and causing an explosion. After the thermal runaway experiment is completed, the switching structure switches to the cell placement area of ​​the containment space, which is only connected to the drainage structure. The sewage and residual dirt from cleaning the containment space can be quickly discharged from the box through the drainage structure. Basic cleaning can be completed without disassembling the fixtures, reducing the difficulty of cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the test fixture of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the bottom portion of a box according to one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion at point A.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the bottom portion of the box in another embodiment.

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of point B when the rotating plate in the image is rotated to the specified position.

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Another angle diagram of the bottom part of the box.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Box body; 11. Accommodation space; 111. First mounting slot; 112. Second mounting slot; 12. Opening; 13. Second limiting structure; 131. First limiting part; 132. Second limiting part; 14. Box bottom; 15. Box cover; 2. Explosion-proof structure; 3. Drainage structure; 4. Switching structure; 41. Rotating plate; 42. Connecting hole; 43. First limiting structure; 431. Limiting block; 432. Limiting hole; 44. Positioning post; 5. Sealing ring; 6. Connecting pipe; 61. First connecting pipe; 62. Second connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the description of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used merely to distinguish elements with similar properties, not to indicate or imply relative importance or a specific order.

[0027] The terms “include,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model provides a test fixture for battery thermal diffusion, including a housing 1, an explosion-proof structure 2, a drainage structure 3, and a switching structure 4. The housing 1 has an internal accommodating space 11, and the accommodating space 11 has a cell placement area for placing the battery cell to be tested. The explosion-proof structure 2 and the drainage structure 3 are both installed on the housing 1. The switching structure 4 is used to selectively switch the cell placement area to be connected to the outside through the explosion-proof structure 2 or to the outside through the drainage structure 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, the test fixture mainly includes: a housing 1, an explosion-proof structure 2, a drainage structure 3, and a switching structure 4. The housing 1 is the main load-bearing component of the fixture, and its interior has a reserved enclosed accommodating space 11 for stably placing the battery cells to be tested. The explosion-proof structure 2 and the drainage structure 3 are both installed on the wall of the housing 1, and both have the ability to connect the battery cell placement area of ​​the accommodating space 11 with the external environment. The switching structure 4 is used to switch the battery cell placement area to be connected to the outside through the explosion-proof structure 2. At this time, the pressure can be released in time through the explosion-proof structure 2 to avoid the housing 1 from being over-pressured and causing an explosion. Alternatively, the switching structure 4 is used to switch the battery cell placement area to be connected to the outside through the drainage structure 3. At this time, the sewage and residual dirt from cleaning the accommodating space 11 can be quickly discharged from the housing 1 through the drainage structure 3.

[0030] Specifically, the switching structure 4 includes a first working position and a second working position. When the switching structure 4 is adjusted to the first working position, the cell placement area of ​​the accommodating space 11 forms a communication path with the explosion-proof structure 2 (explosion-proof path is open), while completely blocking the connection between the cell placement area and the drainage structure 3 (water injection path is closed). When the switching structure 4 is adjusted to the second working position, the cell placement area of ​​the accommodating space 11 forms a communication path with the drainage structure 3 (water injection path is open), while completely blocking the connection between the cell placement area and the explosion-proof structure 2 (explosion-proof path is closed).

[0031] In this embodiment, by setting a switching structure 4, when an experimental fixture is needed to simulate a thermal runaway experiment, the switching structure 4 switches to a position where the cell placement area of ​​the containment space 11 is only connected to the explosion-proof structure 2 (first working position). During a thermal runaway of the cell, a large amount of high-temperature material is ejected from the rupture, causing a rapid increase in the internal pressure of the housing 1. The explosion-proof structure 2 can release the pressure in time, preventing an explosion caused by excessive pressure inside the housing 1 and improving safety. After the thermal runaway experiment is completed, the switching structure 4 switches to a position where the cell placement area of ​​the containment space 11 is only connected to the drainage structure 3 (second working position). Wastewater and residual dirt from cleaning the containment space 11 can be quickly discharged from the housing 1 through the drainage structure 3, allowing basic cleaning to be completed without disassembling the fixture, reducing the difficulty of cleaning. High-pressure water guns can be used to rinse the ejected material, and the material is collected through the drainage structure 3 for convenient centralized treatment, keeping the housing 1 clean and allowing for reuse of the housing 1.

[0032] As one implementation method, such as Figures 1 to 6As shown, the accommodating space 11 includes a first mounting slot 111 and a second mounting slot 112. The first mounting slot 111 is a cell placement area for placing the cells. The second mounting slot 112 has at least one connecting pipe 6 inside. The first mounting slot 111 and the second mounting slot 112 are connected through an opening 12. A switching structure 4 is disposed at the opening 12. The switching structure 4 can selectively connect to the explosion-proof structure 2 or the drainage structure 3 through the connecting pipe 6, so that the first mounting slot 111, the switching structure 4, the connecting pipe 6 in the second mounting slot 112, and the explosion-proof structure 2 are connected in sequence, or the first mounting slot 111, the switching structure 4, the connecting pipe 6 in the second mounting slot 112, and the drainage structure 3 are connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the switching structure 4, in conjunction with the directional conduction of the connecting pipe 6, reduces the risk of leakage of heat-diffused gas or liquid and improves the safety of the test (e.g., avoiding direct contact of high-temperature gas with other areas of the chamber). The accommodating space 11 can be configured as a first mounting groove 111 and a second mounting groove 112 distributed vertically. The first mounting groove 111 is the cell placement area, and its internal structure is adapted to the shape of the cell for positioning the cell to be tested. The second mounting groove 112 is located below the first mounting groove 111, and the bottom of the first mounting groove 111 has an opening 12 connecting to the second mounting groove 112. The connecting pipe 6 guides the material (airflow or ejected material) in the first mounting groove 111 to the second mounting groove 112. The explosion-proof structure 2 and the drainage structure 3 can both be set on the bottom wall of the second mounting groove 112, making the airflow or liquid flow path smoother and more concentrated, thus improving the pressure relief or drainage efficiency.

[0033] As one implementation method, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, along the height direction of the housing 1, the second mounting groove 112 protrudes from the outside of the first mounting groove 111.

[0034] As one implementation method, such as Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the connecting pipe 6 includes a first connecting pipe 61 and a second connecting pipe 62, which are respectively connected to the explosion-proof structure 2 and the drainage structure 3. The switching structure 4 includes a rotating plate 41 rotatably disposed at the opening 12, which blocks the opening 12. The rotating plate 41 has a connecting hole 42. By adjusting the rotating plate 41, the connecting hole 42 can be selectively connected to either the first connecting pipe 61 or the second connecting pipe 62. Specifically, the two connecting pipes are fixedly installed. The lower end of the first connecting pipe 61 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second mounting groove 112 and aligned with the explosion-proof structure 2. The lower end of the second connecting pipe 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second mounting groove 112 and aligned with the drainage structure 3. When the rotating plate 41 rotates, switching is achieved only by aligning the first connecting pipe 61 or the second connecting pipe 62 through the connecting hole 42 on the rotating plate 41, reducing wear caused by the movement of the connecting pipe 6 and extending the service life of the tooling.

[0035] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the connecting pipe 6 includes a first connecting pipe 61, and the switching structure 4 includes a rotating plate 41 rotatably disposed at the opening 12, which blocks the opening 12. A connecting hole 42 is provided on the rotating plate 41. One end of the first connecting pipe 61 is connected to the rotating plate 41 and communicates with the connecting hole 42. By adjusting the rotating plate 41, the other end of the first connecting pipe 61 can selectively connect with the explosion-proof structure 2 or the drainage structure 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, there is only one connecting pipe 6 (i.e., only the first connecting pipe 61 is provided). One end of the connecting pipe 6 is connected to the rotating plate 41 and communicates with the connecting hole 42 on the rotating plate 41, while the other end can be movably aligned with the explosion-proof structure 2 or the drainage structure 3. When the rotating plate 41 rotates, it drives the first connecting pipe 61 to rotate synchronously, allowing the other end of the first connecting pipe 61 to selectively connect with the explosion-proof structure 2 or the drainage structure 3. Only one connecting pipe 6 is needed to achieve switching between the two paths, reducing the number of parts and lowering the processing and assembly difficulty.

[0036] The rotating plate 41 is rotatably installed at the opening 12 between the first mounting groove 111 and the second mounting groove 112. The size of the rotating plate 41 is adapted to the opening 12, and it can cover the opening 12 when rotating, leaving only the connecting pipe 6 connected to the connecting hole 42 to connect the first mounting groove 111 and the second mounting groove 112. By rotating the rotating plate 41 around the rotation center of the rotating plate 41, the connection of "first mounting groove 111 → connecting hole 42 → connecting pipe 6 → explosion-proof structure 2 or drainage structure 3" can be realized.

[0037] As one implementation method, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a first limiting structure 43 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotating plate 41; a second limiting structure 13 is provided on the housing 1, which cooperates with the first limiting structure 43 to limit the rotation angle of the rotating plate 41; the second limiting structure 13 includes a first limiting part 131 and a second limiting part 132. When the first limiting structure 43 cooperates with the first limiting part 131, the connecting hole 42 is aligned with the explosion-proof structure 2; when the first limiting structure 43 cooperates with the second limiting part 132, the connecting hole 42 is aligned with the drainage structure 3. Specifically, when the rotating plate 41 rotates to the point where the first limiting structure 43 contacts and is blocked by the first limiting part 131, the switching structure 4 is in the first working position. At this time, the connecting hole 42 on the rotating plate 41 is exactly aligned with the explosion-proof structure 2 (at this time, the connecting hole 42 is aligned with the explosion-proof structure 2). Figure 3 The first connecting pipe 61 in the middle connects or the connecting hole 42 rotates to such a position. Figure 5 (The solid line indicates the position of the first connecting pipe 61); when the rotating plate 41 rotates to the point where the first limiting structure 43 contacts and is blocked by the second limiting part 132, the switching structure 4 is in the second working position, at which time the connecting hole 42 is exactly aligned with the drainage structure 3 (at this time, the connecting hole 42 is aligned with the drainage structure 3). Figure 3The second connecting pipe 62 in the middle connects or the connecting hole 42 rotates to such a position. Figure 5 The position of the first connecting pipe 61 is indicated by the dashed line. Through the cooperation of the first limiting structure 43 and the second limiting structure 13, switching errors are avoided and operational reliability is improved: the physical blocking of the first limiting part 131 and the second limiting part 132 can accurately limit the rotation end point of the rotating plate 41, preventing "connector misalignment" due to operator rotation angle deviation, and ensuring that the switching is completed in one go.

[0038] As one implementation method, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the included angle between the first limiting part 131 and the second limiting part 132 is 180°; the symmetrical distribution of 180° facilitates the installation of the explosion-proof structure 2 and the drainage structure 3 on opposite sides of the housing 1 (such as the left and right sides, front and rear sides), avoiding installation interference caused by their close proximity, and also facilitating subsequent maintenance. Of course, the included angle between the first limiting part 131 and the second limiting part 132 can also be other angles.

[0039] As one implementation method, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the first limiting structure 43 includes a limiting block 431 connected to the rotating plate 41, and the limiting block 431 is provided with a limiting hole 432; the first limiting part 131 is a first limiting post, and the second limiting part 132 is a second limiting post (both limiting posts are fixed to the inner bottom surface of the first mounting groove 111); when the switching structure 4 is rotated to the designated position, the first limiting post or the second limiting post is inserted into the limiting hole 432. Specifically, the limiting block 431 has an L-shaped structure, with one end connected to the upper surface of the rotating plate 41 and the other end extending parallel to the outside of the rotating plate 41, creating a gap between the limiting block 431 and the inner bottom surface of the first mounting groove 111, thus improving the smoothness of rotation. When the rotating plate 41 rotates to the corresponding working position, the limiting block 431 is fitted onto the corresponding limiting post through the limiting hole 432, achieving physical limitation and enhancing the stability of the rotating plate 41 in the working position. Furthermore, the limiting block 431 and the corresponding limiting post can be fixed by bolts to prevent the automatic rotation of the rotating plate 41 from causing positional deviation, thereby improving the stability of the device. Of course, limiting posts can also be provided on the limiting block 431, with the first limiting part 131 and the second limiting part 132 being the limiting hole 432 located at the bottom of the first mounting groove 111.

[0040] As one implementation method, such as Figures 2 to 5As shown, the switching structure 4 also includes a positioning post 44. One end of the positioning post 44 passes through the rotating plate 41 and is fixed to the inner wall of the second mounting groove 112. This end can be fixed to the bottom inner wall of the second mounting groove 112 by welding or threaded connection. The rotating plate 41 can rotate around the positioning post 44. The axial direction of the positioning post 44 is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the second mounting groove 112. The center of the rotating plate 41 has a through hole that matches the diameter of the positioning post 44, and the two are clearance fit. The other end of the positioning post 44 is screwed with a nut (not shown) with a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through hole of the rotating plate 41 to prevent the rotating plate 41 from falling off the positioning post 44. The rotating plate 41 can rotate freely around the axis of the positioning post 44. The positioning post 44 provides a fixed rotation center for the rotating plate 41, ensuring that the rotating plate 41 will not deviate radially during rotation.

[0041] As one implementation method, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the rotating plate 41 is a circular plate, and the opening 12 is a circular shape adapted to the rotating plate 41; the circular structure facilitates the rotation of the rotating plate 41 at the opening 12. The inner wall of the opening 12 can be set in a stepped shape to facilitate the support and installation of the rotating plate 41. The upper surface of the rotating plate 41 is flush with or lower than the inner bottom surface of the first mounting groove 111, which facilitates the discharge of the ejected material along the connecting pipe 6 and the drainage structure 3.

[0042] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the explosion-proof structure 2 is an explosion-proof valve installed on the housing 1.

[0043] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the drainage structure 3 is a drain pipe installed on the box 1 and extending outside the box 1. One end of the drain pipe is connected to the wall of the box 1, usually at the bottom, to facilitate the discharge of accumulated liquid, and its input end is connected to the accommodating space 11; the other end of the drain pipe extends outside the box 1, and the extension length can be adjusted according to the needs of the experimental site, and the extension end can be connected to a sewage collection device such as a waste liquid tank to realize the directional discharge of cleaning liquid and dirt.

[0044] In one implementation, two threaded holes (not shown) are spaced apart at the bottom of the housing 1. The explosion-proof structure 2 and the drainage structure 3 are threadedly connected to the housing 1 through the corresponding threaded holes. Specifically, the two threaded holes are located at the bottom of the second mounting groove 112. The explosion-proof valve is threadedly connected to one of the threaded holes, and the drainage pipe is threadedly connected to the other threaded hole. This facilitates easy disassembly and maintenance: compared to welding, the threaded connection allows for quick disassembly of the explosion-proof structure 2 or the drainage structure 3. If the explosion-proof valve is damaged or the drainage pipe is blocked, the housing 1 does not need to be damaged, reducing maintenance costs.

[0045] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1As shown, the box body 1 includes a box bottom 14 and a box cover 15. The accommodating space 11 is located on the box bottom 14, and the box cover 15 is used to close the box bottom 14 to seal the accommodating space 11.

[0046] As one implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, a sealing ring 5 is installed at the connection between the box cover 15 and the box bottom 14.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. During the thermal runaway experiment, the switching structure 4 inside the chamber 1 switches to connect the explosion-proof valve with the first mounting slot 111 of the accommodating space 11. When the pressure in the accommodating space 11 of the chamber 1 is too high, reaching the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve, the valve opens to release gas, thus avoiding excessive internal pressure and rupture of the chamber 1, thereby enhancing safety. 2. At the end of the thermal runaway experiment, the switching structure 4 inside the chamber 1 switches to connect the drain pipe with the first mounting slot 111 of the accommodating space 11. The ejected material is rinsed with a high-pressure water gun and collected through the drain pipe for convenient centralized processing, keeping the chamber 1 clean.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A test fixture for battery thermal diffusion, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), an explosion-proof structure (2), a drainage structure (3), and a switching structure (4). The housing (1) has an internal accommodating space (11), and the accommodating space (11) has a cell placement area for placing the cell to be tested. The explosion-proof structure (2) and the drainage structure (3) are both located on the housing (1). The switching structure (4) is used to selectively switch the cell placement area to be connected to the outside through the explosion-proof structure (2) or through the drainage structure (3).

2. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The accommodating space (11) includes a first mounting slot (111) and a second mounting slot (112). The first mounting slot (111) is the area for placing the battery cell. The second mounting slot (112) has at least one connecting pipe (6) inside. The first mounting slot (111) and the second mounting slot (112) are connected through an opening (12). The switching structure (4) is located at the opening (12). The switching structure (4) can selectively connect with the explosion-proof structure (2) or the drainage structure (3) through the connecting pipe (6).

3. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the housing (1), the second mounting groove (112) protrudes outside the first mounting groove (111).

4. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting pipe (6) includes a first connecting pipe (61) and a second connecting pipe (62), which are respectively connected to the explosion-proof structure (2) and the drainage structure (3); the switching structure (4) includes a rotating plate (41) rotatably disposed at the opening (12), the rotating plate (41) blocking the opening (12); the rotating plate (41) is provided with a connecting hole (42), and by adjusting the rotating plate (41), the connecting hole (42) can be selectively connected to the first connecting pipe (61) or the second connecting pipe (62).

5. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting pipe (6) includes a first connecting pipe (61), and the switching structure (4) includes a rotating plate (41) rotatably disposed at the opening (12), the rotating plate (41) blocking the opening (12); a connecting hole (42) is provided on the rotating plate (41), one end of the first connecting pipe (61) is connected to the rotating plate (41) and communicates with the connecting hole (42), and by adjusting the rotating plate (41), the other end of the first connecting pipe (61) can be selectively connected to the explosion-proof structure (2) or the drainage structure (3).

6. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the rotating plate (41) is provided with a first limiting structure (43); the box (1) is provided with a second limiting structure (13), which is used to cooperate with the first limiting structure (43) to limit the rotation angle of the rotating plate (41); the second limiting structure (13) includes a first limiting part (131) and a second limiting part (132). When the first limiting structure (43) cooperates with the first limiting part (131), the connecting hole (42) is aligned with the explosion-proof structure (2); when the first limiting structure (43) cooperates with the second limiting part (132), the connecting hole (42) is aligned with the drainage structure (3).

7. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first limiting structure (43) includes a limiting block (431) connected to the rotating plate (41), and the limiting block (431) is provided with a limiting hole (432); the first limiting part (131) is a first limiting post, and the second limiting part (132) is a second limiting post; when the switching structure (4) rotates to the designated position, the limiting hole (432) is sleeved on the first limiting post or the second limiting post.

8. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The switching structure (4) further includes a positioning post (44), one end of which passes through the rotating plate (41) and is fixed on the second mounting groove (112). The rotating plate (41) can rotate around the positioning post (44).

9. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof structure (2) is an explosion-proof valve installed on the housing (1).

10. The test fixture for battery thermal diffusion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage structure (3) is a drainage pipe installed in the box (1) and extending outside the box (1).

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