Switcher and optical device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a switcher and optical equipment, including worm wheel, worm and drive unit, the worm wheel has up to multiple mounting areas, multiple mounting areas arrange around the axis of worm wheel, and all are used for installing filter, the worm wheel is engaged with worm, drive unit is connected with worm, and can drive worm wheel through worm, makes worm wheel rotate around its own axis, so that each mounting area moves to target area in turn, at least one among worm wheel and worm is self -lubricating part. Drive unit drives the worm wheel worm mechanism, and then realizes the switching of filter installed in mounting area, so convenient production and assembly can be realized, and do not need professional debugging, thereby convenient maintenance. At the same time, at least one among worm wheel and worm is self -lubricating part, so need not regular addition lubricant, realizes maintenance -free, thereby further reduce the use cost and maintenance difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to a switcher and optical device. Background Technology

[0002] In some optical devices (such as optical instruments and imaging equipment), it is often necessary to switch between different filters according to different usage scenarios in order to obtain the required optical effects.

[0003] The switching of filters is usually achieved through a corresponding switcher.

[0004] However, the maintenance of existing switches is quite complex. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a switcher and optical device, aiming to solve the problem of complex maintenance and operation of existing switchers.

[0006] This utility model provides a switcher including a worm gear, a worm, and a drive unit; the worm gear has multiple mounting areas; the multiple mounting areas are arranged around the axis of the worm gear and are all used to mount filters; the worm gear meshes with the worm; the drive unit is connected to the worm and can drive the worm gear through the worm, causing the worm gear to rotate around its own axis, so that each mounting area moves sequentially to the target area; at least one of the worm gear and the worm is a self-lubricating element.

[0007] Optionally, the switcher further includes a housing with a receiving cavity inside; the drive unit, the worm gear, and the worm are all disposed within the receiving cavity; the housing also has a light-transmitting area so that light can pass through the housing; when the worm gear rotates about its own axis, it can cause each of the mounting areas to move sequentially to be opposite to the light-transmitting area so that the filter of the mounting area can filter the light passing through the light-transmitting area.

[0008] Optionally, the outer casing includes a first housing and a second housing; the first housing and the second housing are connected to enclose and form the receiving cavity; the light-transmitting area includes a first light-transmitting window and a second light-transmitting window; the first light-transmitting window is disposed in the first housing, and the second light-transmitting window is disposed in the second housing; both the first light-transmitting window and the second light-transmitting window communicate with the receiving cavity and are axially opposite to each other on the worm gear; when one of the mounting areas moves to be opposite to the light-transmitting area, the mounting area, the first light-transmitting window, and the second light-transmitting window are axially opposite to each other on the worm gear.

[0009] Optionally, the first housing is further provided with an observation window, which is spaced apart from the first light-transmitting window and allows light from the receiving cavity to pass out.

[0010] Optionally, the first light-transmitting window is a through hole; and / or, the second light-transmitting window is a through hole; and / or, the observation window is a through hole.

[0011] Optionally, the second light-transmitting window is a through hole, and the switcher further includes a first cover for opening or closing the second light-transmitting window; and / or, the observation window is a through hole, and the switcher further includes a second cover for opening or closing the observation window.

[0012] Optionally, the switcher further includes a connecting plate located within the receiving cavity and connecting the first housing and the second housing; the drive unit is mounted on the connecting plate.

[0013] Optionally, the switcher further includes a bearing and a limiting member; the worm gear has a stepped hole; the bearing is installed in the stepped hole; the limiting member is detachably connected to the worm gear and presses the bearing onto the stepped surface of the stepped hole; the worm gear and the bearing are coaxial and are rotatably connected to the housing through the bearing.

[0014] Optionally, the mounting area is a through hole extending through the worm wheel along its axial direction; and / or, the worm wheel and the worm form a self-locking worm wheel and worm gear mechanism; the switcher further includes a detection component for detecting whether the worm wheel has rotated to the origin position.

[0015] This utility model embodiment also provides an optical device, including a switcher with a filter as described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments; the filter is installed in the mounting area.

[0016] In the switcher and optical device provided in this embodiment of the utility model, the drive unit drives the worm gear mechanism to switch the filter installed in the mounting area. This facilitates manufacturing and assembly, and eliminates the need for professional debugging, thus making maintenance convenient.

[0017] In addition, the worm gear laser drive operates smoothly and with low noise, which can avoid optical interference caused by vibration during filter switching.

[0018] Meanwhile, by placing the filter mounting area directly on the worm gear, the number of parts can be reduced, which helps to reduce the size of the switch and thus adapt to space-constrained scenarios.

[0019] Moreover, the switching of the filter via the worm gear mechanism enables precision transmission, with a repeatability accuracy of ±0.01°.

[0020] In addition, at least one of the worm gear and worm is a self-lubricating component, so there is no need to add lubricant regularly, achieving maintenance-free operation, thereby further reducing the cost of use and maintenance difficulty. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switcher provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a switcher provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switcher part provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switcher part provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Instruction manual drawing reference numerals: 100. Switch; 1. Worm gear; 11. Installation area; 2. Worm gear; 3. Drive unit; 4. Outer shell; 41. Light-transmitting area; 411. First light-transmitting window; 412. Second light-transmitting window; 42. First housing; 43. Second housing; 44. Observation window; 5. First capping; 6. Second capping; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Bearings; 9. Limiting components; 10. Detection components; 101. Detection elements; 20. Adapter plate; 201. First mounting hole; 202. Second mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the switcher 100 includes a worm gear 1, a worm 2, and a drive unit 3; wherein the worm gear 1 has one or more mounting areas 11; these mounting areas 11 are arranged around the axis of the worm gear 1 and are all used to mount filters; the worm gear 1 meshes with the worm 2; the drive unit 3 is connected to the worm 2 and can drive the worm gear 1 through the worm 2, causing the worm gear 1 to rotate around its own axis, so that each mounting area 11 moves sequentially to the target area; at least one of the worm gear 1 and the worm 2 is a self-lubricating element. "One or more" means two or more, and the meaning of the term "one or more" is the same in all embodiments, and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0027] In existing technologies, some switchers use gear drives, which are complex in structure, making assembly difficult and requiring professional personnel for debugging, increasing production and usage costs, hindering later maintenance, and resulting in relatively high operating noise. Some switchers use belt drives, which are inconvenient to maintain and prone to slippage, affecting transmission accuracy. Others use other drive methods, resulting in larger product sizes that are difficult to adapt to space-constrained scenarios. At the same time, many switchers using other drive methods have low repeatability, failing to meet the requirements of high-precision optical equipment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the worm gear 1 and the worm 2 cooperate to form a worm gear mechanism. The drive unit 3 drives the worm gear mechanism (i.e., transmission is achieved through the worm gear) to switch the filter installed in the mounting area 11. This facilitates manufacturing and assembly, and eliminates the need for professional debugging, thus making maintenance convenient.

[0029] In addition, the worm gear mechanism operates smoothly and with low noise, which can avoid optical interference caused by vibration during filter switching.

[0030] Meanwhile, by directly setting the filter mounting area 11 on the worm gear 1, the number of parts can be reduced, which helps to reduce the size of the switcher 100 and thus adapt to space-constrained scenarios.

[0031] Moreover, the switching of the filter via the worm gear mechanism enables precision transmission, with a repeatability accuracy of ±0.01°.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, at least one of the worm gear 1 and the worm 2 is a self-lubricating component, which eliminates the need for periodic lubrication, achieving maintenance-free operation and further reducing usage costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0033] Among them, self-lubricating parts refer to parts made of self-lubricating materials. Self-lubricating materials can be common materials on the market, such as POM (polyoxymethylene) or PA (nylon).

[0034] In actual use, each installation area 11 can be equipped with a corresponding filter. When an installation area 11 is rotated to the target area, the filter installed in that installation area 11 moves to the target area, so that the filter can perform a filtering operation on the target area.

[0035] In a practical application scenario, the worm gear 1 is a self-lubricating component, and the worm 2 is a metal component. This ensures both the self-lubricating properties of the worm gear mechanism and its strength and service life.

[0036] In one embodiment, the mounting areas 11 of the worm gear 1 can be evenly arranged around the axis of the worm gear 1. Furthermore, adjacent mounting areas 11 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the worm gear 1.

[0037] In one embodiment, the worm gear 1 and the worm 2 form a self-locking worm gear mechanism, which can prevent the filter from being displaced by external forces when it is not in operation, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0038] In one embodiment, the mounting area 11 is a through hole extending through the worm gear 1 along its axial direction. This facilitates the fabrication and preparation of the mounting area 11 and reduces adverse interference to light transmission caused by the mounting area 11. The mounting area 11 can be a round hole, a square hole, or a hole of other shapes.

[0039] It should be understood that the specific structural configuration of the worm gear mechanism can adopt relevant designs from existing technologies.

[0040] In one embodiment, the drive unit 3 can be a motor, such as a servo motor or a stepper motor. It is used to provide power to the worm 2, enabling the worm 2 to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the worm wheel 1 to rotate around its own axis.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the switcher 100 further includes a housing 4, which has a receiving cavity; the drive unit 3, the worm gear 1, and the worm 2 are all disposed in the receiving cavity; the housing 4 also has a light-transmitting area 41 so that light can pass through the housing 4; when the worm gear 1 rotates about its own axis, it can cause each mounting area 11 to move sequentially to be opposite to the light-transmitting area 41 so that the filter of the mounting area 11 can filter the light passing through the light-transmitting area 41.

[0042] The housing 4 protects the worm gear 1, worm 2, drive unit 3, and filter mounted on the worm gear 1, improving their safety and service life.

[0043] Furthermore, when the mounting area 11 rotates to be opposite the light-transmitting area 41, it indicates that the mounting area 11 has been rotated to the target area. In subsequent use, the filter installed in the mounting area 11 can then perform light filtering operations on the target area.

[0044] It should be understood that light from outside the housing 4 can enter the receiving cavity through the light-transmitting area 41, and after being filtered by the light filter, the light will exit the housing 4 through the light-transmitting area 41.

[0045] The light-transmitting area 41 is opposite to the mounting area 11, which can mean that in an orthographic projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the worm gear 1, the projection of the light-transmitting area 41 and the projection of the mounting area 11 have an overlapping area.

[0046] In some scenarios, when the light-transmitting area 41 is opposite to the mounting area 11, in an orthographic projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the worm gear 1, the projection of the light-transmitting area 41 is completely within the projection of the mounting area 11.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the outer casing 4 includes a first casing 42 and a second casing 43; the first casing 42 and the second casing 43 are connected to enclose and form a receiving cavity; the light-transmitting area 41 includes a first light-transmitting window 411 and a second light-transmitting window 412; the first light-transmitting window 411 is disposed in the first casing 42, and the second light-transmitting window 412 is disposed in the second casing 43; both the first light-transmitting window 411 and the second light-transmitting window 412 communicate with the receiving cavity and are axially opposite to each other in the worm gear 1. When a mounting area 11 moves to be opposite to the light-transmitting area 41, the mounting area 11, the first light-transmitting window 411, and the second light-transmitting window 412 are axially opposite to each other in the worm gear 1.

[0048] When an installation area 11 is rotated to be opposite to the light-transmitting area 41, it is located between the first light-transmitting window 411 and the second light-transmitting window 412. In use, light can enter the receiving cavity from the second light-transmitting window 412, then pass through the filter to achieve light filtering, and then exit the receiving cavity from the first light-transmitting window 411.

[0049] The mounting area 11, the first light-transmitting window 411, and the second light-transmitting window 412 are relative to each other in the axial direction of the worm gear 1, meaning that in an orthographic projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the worm gear 1, the projections of the mounting area 11, the first light-transmitting window 411, and the second light-transmitting window 412 have overlapping areas.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting window 411 is a through hole. That is, the first light-transmitting window 411 is a through hole that penetrates the first housing 42 along the axial direction of the worm gear 1. This facilitates the production and fabrication of the first light-transmitting window 411. In this case, the first light-transmitting window 411 communicates with the receiving cavity. Alternatively, the first light-transmitting window 411 can be a round hole, a square hole, or a hole of other shapes.

[0051] In one embodiment, the second light-transmitting window 412 is a through hole. That is, the second light-transmitting window 412 is a through hole that penetrates the second housing 43 along the axial direction of the worm gear 1. This facilitates the production and fabrication of the first light-transmitting window 411. In this case, the second light-transmitting window 412 communicates with the receiving cavity. Alternatively, the second light-transmitting window 412 can be a round hole, a square hole, or a hole of other shapes.

[0052] In one embodiment, when the first light-transmitting window 411, the second light-transmitting window 412, and the mounting area 11 are all through holes, the apertures of both the first light-transmitting window 411 and the second light-transmitting window 412 can be smaller than the aperture of the mounting area 11. When the mounting area 11, the first light-transmitting window 411, and the second light-transmitting window 412 are axially opposite each other in the worm gear 1, the three can be coaxial.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the first housing 42 is further provided with an observation window 44, which is spaced apart from the first light-transmitting window 411 and allows light from the accommodating cavity to pass through. The observation window 44 allows the user to observe the components inside the housing 4 from the outside, facilitating the determination of the position and working status of the relevant components inside the housing 4.

[0054] In one embodiment, the observation window 44 is a through hole. That is, the observation window 44 is a through hole that penetrates the first housing 42 along the axial direction of the worm gear 1. This facilitates the manufacturing and preparation of the observation window 44. In this case, the observation window 44 communicates with the receiving cavity. Alternatively, the observation window 44 can be a round hole, a square hole, or a hole of other shapes.

[0055] It should be understood that, in other embodiments, any one of the first light-transmitting window 411, the second light-transmitting window 412, and the observation window 44 may also be formed by using a transparent material for a region of the outer casing 4.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, when the second light-transmitting window 412 is a through hole, the switcher 100 further includes a first cover 5, which is used to open or close the second light-transmitting window 412. When the switcher 100 is applied to an optical device, the area where the second light-transmitting window 412 is located is usually exposed to the outside of the device, making it easy for dust and other contaminants to enter the receiving cavity. The first cover 5 prevents dust and other contaminants from entering the receiving cavity through the second light-transmitting window 412 when the switcher 100 is not in use.

[0057] When the first cover 5 opens the second light-transmitting window 412, light from outside the outer shell 4 can enter the receiving cavity through the second light-transmitting window 412 for light filtering. When the first cover 5 closes the second light-transmitting window 412, light from outside the outer shell 4 cannot enter the receiving cavity through the second light-transmitting window 412.

[0058] In one embodiment, the first cover 5 is detachably connected to the second housing 43. When the first cover 5 is connected to the second housing 43, the second light-transmitting window 412 can be closed. When the first cover 5 is removed from the second housing 43, the second light-transmitting window 412 can be opened.

[0059] The first cap 5 can be a plug or similar device, which can be inserted into the second light-transmitting window 412 to close it. Furthermore, it can be pulled out from the second light-transmitting window 412 to open it. Additionally, the plug can be made of a material with a certain degree of deformability, such as rubber.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, when the observation window 44 is a through hole, the switcher 100 further includes a second cover 6, which is used to open or close the observation window 44. When the switcher 100 is applied to an optical device, the area where the observation window 44 is located is usually exposed to the outside of the device, making it easy for dust and other contaminants to enter the receiving cavity. The second cover 6 prevents dust and other contaminants from entering the receiving cavity from the observation window 44 when the switcher 100 is not in use.

[0061] When the second cover 6 opens the observation window 44, the components inside the receiving cavity can be observed through the observation window 44. When the second cover 6 closes the observation window 44, the components inside the receiving cavity cannot be observed through the observation window 44.

[0062] In one embodiment, the second cover 6 is detachably connected to the first housing 42. When the second cover 6 is connected to the first housing 42, the observation window 44 can be closed. When the second cover 6 is removed from the first housing 42, the observation window 44 can be opened.

[0063] The second cover 6 can be a plug or similar device, which can be inserted into the observation window 44 to close it. Furthermore, it can be pulled out of the observation window 44 to open it. Additionally, the plug can be made of a material with a certain degree of deformability, such as rubber.

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the switch 100 further includes a connecting plate 7, which is located within the receiving cavity and connects the first housing 42 and the second housing 43; the drive unit 3 is mounted on the connecting plate 7. This facilitates the installation of the drive unit 3 and helps to improve the strength of the housing 4.

[0065] When the drive unit 3 is a motor, the connecting plate 7 is provided with a clearance hole, the motor housing is fixed on the connecting plate 7, and the motor spindle passes through the clearance hole through the connecting plate 7 to connect the worm gear 2.

[0066] Additionally, the first housing 42 has a first connecting hole that penetrates the first housing 42 along the axial direction of the worm gear 1. The second housing 43 has a second connecting hole that penetrates the second housing 43 along the axial direction of the worm gear 1. The two opposing surfaces of the connecting plate 7 have a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole, respectively. The switch 100 also has a first bolt and a second bolt. The first bolt passes through the first connecting hole and is threaded into the first threaded hole, thereby connecting the first housing 42 and the connecting plate 7 together. The second bolt passes through the second connecting hole and is threaded into the second threaded hole, thereby connecting the second housing 43 and the connecting plate 7 together. like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the switcher 100 further includes a bearing 8 and a limiting member 9; the worm gear 1 is provided with a stepped hole; the bearing 8 is installed in the stepped hole, the limiting member 9 is detachably connected to the worm gear 1, and presses the bearing 8 on the stepped surface of the stepped hole; the worm gear 1 and the bearing 8 are coaxial, and are rotatably connected to the housing 4 through the bearing 8.

[0067] The worm gear 1 is connected to the housing 4 via the bearing 8, which improves its rotational performance. In addition, the bearing 8 is pressed into the stepped hole of the worm gear 1 by the limiting member 9, which facilitates the assembly of the worm gear 1 and the bearing 8 and helps to reduce the size of the equipment.

[0068] It should be understood that the bearing 8 (specifically the outer ring of the bearing 8) and the stepped bore can be an interference fit.

[0069] In one embodiment, the limiting member 9 is threadedly connected to the stepped hole. That is, the limiting member 9 has external threads, and the stepped hole has internal threads.

[0070] In one embodiment, a stepped hole extends through the worm gear 1 along its axial direction. The limiting member 9 has a through hole extending through itself along the axial direction of the worm gear 1. The outer shell 4 has a connecting shaft that passes through the stepped hole, the through hole, and the bearing 8. The connecting shaft and the bearing 8 (specifically, the inner ring of the bearing 8) can be an interference fit.

[0071] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the switcher 100 further includes a detection component 10, which is used to detect whether the worm gear 1 has rotated to the origin position. The detection component 10 includes a detection element 101 and a measured element. The detection element 101 is connected to the housing 4, and the measured element is connected to the worm gear 1. The detection element 101 can detect the measured element, thereby determining whether the worm gear 1 is at the origin position.

[0072] Specifically, the detection element 101 can be a proximity sensor, and the measured element can be a permanent magnet. When the proximity sensor detects the permanent magnet, it indicates that the worm gear 1 has rotated to the origin position. When the proximity sensor does not detect the permanent magnet, it indicates that the worm gear 1 has not rotated to the origin position. Furthermore, both the detection element 101 and the object being measured can be located within the receiving cavity. The detection distance of the detection element 101 can be 0-1.2 mm.

[0073] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the switch 100 further includes an adapter plate 20, which is connected to the outside of the housing 4 and used to connect to external devices. That is, the switch 100 is connected to other devices (defined as carrier devices) via the adapter plate 20.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, the adapter plate 20 is provided with a first mounting hole 201 and a second mounting hole 202. The adapter plate 20 is connected to the second housing 43 through the first mounting hole 201 and to the support device through the second mounting hole 202.

[0075] In one scenario, the second housing 43 is provided with a threaded hole, and the first mounting hole 201 is a through hole. The bolt passes through the adapter plate 20 from the first mounting hole 201 and engages with the threaded hole on the second housing 43, thereby realizing the connection between the adapter plate 20 and the second housing 43.

[0076] Similarly, the bearing device is provided with a threaded hole, and the second mounting hole 202 is a through hole. The bolt passes through the adapter plate 20 from the second mounting hole 202 and engages with the threaded hole on the bearing device, thereby realizing the connection between the adapter plate 20 and the bearing device.

[0077] This utility model embodiment also provides an optical device, which includes a filter and a switch 100 as described in any of the above embodiments; the filter is installed in the mounting area 11.

[0078] The number of filters is multiple, and they are installed in each installation area 11.

[0079] In addition, the filter and the mounting area 11 can be in one-to-one correspondence, with the filter installed in its corresponding mounting area 11.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0081] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and should all be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A switcher, characterized in that, Includes worm gear, worm, and drive unit; The worm gear has multiple mounting areas; Multiple mounting areas are arranged around the axis of the worm gear and are all used to mount optical filters; The worm gear meshes with the worm; The drive unit is connected to the worm gear and can drive the worm wheel through the worm gear, causing the worm wheel to rotate around its own axis, so that each of the mounting areas moves sequentially to the target area; At least one of the worm gear and the worm is a self-lubricating component.

2. The switcher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switcher also includes a housing with a receiving cavity inside; The drive unit, the worm gear, and the worm are all located within the receiving cavity; The housing also has a light-transmitting area so that light can pass through it; When the worm gear rotates about its own axis, it can cause each of the mounting areas to move sequentially to be opposite the light-transmitting area, so that the filter of the mounting area can filter the light passing through the light-transmitting area.

3. The switcher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer casing includes a first casing and a second casing; The first housing and the second housing are connected to enclose and form the receiving cavity; The light-transmitting area includes a first light-transmitting window and a second light-transmitting window; The first light-transmitting window is disposed in the first housing, and the second light-transmitting window is disposed in the second housing; Both the first and second light-transmitting windows are connected to the receiving cavity and are axially opposite to each other on the worm gear; When one of the mounting areas moves to be opposite the light-transmitting area, the mounting area, the first light-transmitting window, and the second light-transmitting window are axially opposite each other on the worm gear.

4. The switcher according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first housing is also provided with an observation window, which is spaced apart from the first light-transmitting window and allows light from the receiving cavity to pass out.

5. The switcher according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first light-transmitting window is a through hole; and / or, The second light-transmitting window is a through hole; and / or, The observation window is a through hole.

6. The switcher according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second light-transmitting window is a through hole, and the switcher further includes a first cover, which is used to open or close the second light-transmitting window; and / or, The observation window is a through hole, and the switcher also includes a second cover, which is used to open or close the observation window.

7. The switcher according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switcher also includes a connecting plate located within the receiving cavity and connecting the first housing and the second housing; The drive unit is mounted on the connecting plate.

8. The switcher according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switcher also includes bearings and limiting components; The worm gear is provided with a stepped hole; The bearing is installed in the stepped hole. The limiting member is detachably connected to the worm gear and presses the bearing onto the stepped surface of the stepped hole; The worm gear is coaxial with the bearing and is rotatably connected to the housing via the bearing.

9. The switcher according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting area is a through hole extending through the worm gear along its axial direction; and / or, The worm gear and the worm constitute a self-locking worm gear mechanism; The switcher also includes a detection component for detecting whether the worm gear has rotated to the origin position.

10. An optical device, characterized in that, The switcher includes a filter as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the filter is mounted in the mounting area.

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