Optical lens and telescopic system

Abstract

The application provides an optical lens and a telescopic system, and relates to the technical field of telescopic systems.The optical lens comprises a spherical mirror, a first Mangin mirror, a second Mangin mirror and a doublet lens arranged on the same optical axis.The first Mangin mirror is divided into a first central region and a first outer ring region surrounding the first central region.The second Mangin mirror is divided into a second central region and a second outer ring region surrounding the second central region.The first central region and the second outer ring region are used for reflecting light beams.The light beams are incident on the optical lens from the object side of the spherical mirror, are incident on the second outer ring region of the second Mangin mirror through the first outer ring region of the first Mangin mirror, are reflected in sequence in the second outer ring region and the first central region, are transmitted by the second central region of the second Mangin mirror, and are emitted to the image plane for imaging after the aberration is corrected by the doublet lens.The compact optical lens with a large numerical aperture and high resolution is realized, and the image quality is close to the diffraction limit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of telescope systems technology, and more specifically, to an optical lens and a telescope system. Background Technology

[0002] A telescope system is a high-precision optical instrument based on optical principles, capable of magnifying and imaging distant targets. It is widely used in military, civil aviation, astronomy, and other fields. In aviation, telescope systems are commonly used for aerial reconnaissance, meteorological observation, geological exploration, and environmental monitoring. They can be used for weather forecasting and monitoring environmental issues such as air pollution, as well as for exploring and monitoring geological and mineral resources and forests.

[0003] Telescope systems are generally classified into three types: refractive, total internal reflection, and catadioptric. Among them, catadioptric telescope systems are more suitable for aviation due to their advantages such as a large field of view, numerous optimization variables, ease of manufacturing and adjustment, small focal length ratio, and fewer lenses. To ensure that aviation-suitable telescope systems meet the requirements of miniaturization and cost-effectiveness, it is urgent to design and develop a more compact and easily manufactured optical lens to meet the development needs of long focal length telescope objectives. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing an optical lens and telescope system that achieves a compact optical lens with a large numerical aperture and high resolution, and image quality close to the diffraction limit.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows: One aspect of this application provides an optical lens, comprising: a spherical mirror, a first Manningen mirror, a second Manningen mirror, and a cemented doublet lens arranged coaxially. The first Manningen mirror is divided into a first central region and a first outer ring region surrounding the first central region, and the second Manningen mirror is divided into a second central region and a second outer ring region surrounding the second central region. Both the first central region and the second outer ring region are used to reflect light beams. The light beam enters the optical lens from the object side of the spherical mirror, enters the second outer ring region of the second Manningen mirror through the first outer ring region of the first Manningen mirror, is reflected sequentially in the second outer ring region and the first central region, is transmitted through the second central region of the second Manningen mirror, and exits to the image plane to form an image after aberration correction by the cemented doublet lens.

[0006] Optionally, the second Mankind lens is a doublet Mankind lens.

[0007] Optionally, a light-reflecting layer is provided on the object side of the first central region and on the image side of the second outer ring region.

[0008] Optionally, the beam enters through the outer ring region of the spherical mirror, converges sequentially through the spherical mirror and the first central region, and then enters the second outer ring region of the second Manning mirror.

[0009] Optionally, the first Mankind mirror is crescent-shaped, with the object side of the first Mankind mirror being concave and the image side being convex.

[0010] Optionally, the cemented doublet lens includes a first cemented doublet lens and a second cemented doublet lens arranged sequentially along the optical path exit direction, both of which are concave-convex meniscus lenses.

[0011] Optionally, the first cemented doublet is formed by cementing one side of a biconcave lens and one side of a biconvex lens together, with the light-incident side of the first cemented doublet being concave and the light-outceasing side being convex; the second cemented doublet is formed by cementing a biconvex lens and a biconcave lens together, with the light-incident side of the second cemented doublet being convex and the light-outceasing side being concave.

[0012] Optionally, the optical lens comprises three parts: a front correction module, a reflection module, and a rear correction module; the front correction module comprises a spherical mirror and a first outer ring region of a first Manning lens; the reflection module comprises a first central region of a first Manning lens and a second central region of a second Manning lens; and the rear correction module comprises a second central region of a second Manning lens and a cemented doublet lens.

[0013] Optionally, the second central region of the second Mankind mirror is an aperture stop.

[0014] In another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a telescope system is provided, including an optical lens as described in any of the above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application include: This application provides an optical lens, comprising: a spherical mirror, a first Manningen mirror, a second Manningen mirror, and a cemented doublet, all arranged coaxially. The first Manningen mirror is divided into a first central region and a first outer ring region surrounding the first central region. The second Manningen mirror is divided into a second central region and a second outer ring region surrounding the second central region. Both the first central region and the second outer ring region are used to reflect light beams. The light beam enters the optical lens from the object side of the spherical mirror, passes through the first outer ring region of the first Manningen mirror, and then enters the second outer ring region of the second Manningen mirror. After being reflected sequentially by the second outer ring region and the first central region, the beam is transmitted through the second central region of the second Manningen mirror, and after aberration correction by the cemented doublet, it exits onto the image plane to form an image. The front end of this optical lens uses the first and second Manningen mirrors to fold the optical path, making the structure of the optical lens more compact and reducing the height of edge rays. The rear end uses a cemented doublet to compensate for the dispersion of light, correct chromatic aberration, and balance residual aberrations, reducing the number of lenses and making the structure more compact. Furthermore, the shared lens for both the refracting and reflecting light paths enables a compact optical lens with a large numerical aperture and high resolution, achieving image quality close to the diffraction limit. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 MTF curves of the optical lens for each operating band provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A dot plot of the optical lens provided in the embodiments of this application in various fields of view and various operating wavelengths; Figure 4 The relative illumination diagram of the optical lens provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Icons: 10-Optical lens; 20-Spherical mirror; 30-First Manningen lens; 31-First central region; 32-First outer ring region; 40-Second Manningen lens; 41-Second central region; 42-Second outer ring region; 43-Sub-Manningen lens; 431-Second sub-central region; 432-Second sub-outer ring region; 50-Cemented doublet lens; 51-First cemented doublet lens; 52-Second cemented doublet lens; 60-Light reflecting layer; 70-Beam. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the various features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and the combined embodiments are still within the protection scope of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Regarding one aspect of the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 An optical lens 10 is provided, comprising: a spherical mirror 20, a first Manningen mirror 30, a second Manningen mirror 40, and a cemented doublet 50 arranged coaxially. The spherical mirror 20, the first Manningen mirror 30, the second Manningen mirror 40, and the cemented doublet 50 are preferably arranged rotationally symmetrically about the principal optical axis.

[0025] The first Manning mirror 30 is divided into a first central region 31 and a first outer ring region 32 surrounding the first central region 31. The second Manning mirror 40 is divided into a second central region 41 and a second outer ring region 42 surrounding the second central region 41. Both the first central region 31 and the second outer ring region 42 are used to reflect the light beam 70, and both the first outer ring region 32 and the second central region 41 are used to transmit the light beam 70.

[0026] The beam 70 is incident on the optical lens 10 from the object side of the spherical mirror 20, enters the second outer ring region 42 of the second Manning mirror 40 through the first outer ring region 32 of the first Manning mirror 30, is reflected sequentially by the second outer ring region 42 and the first central region 31, is transmitted through the second central region 41 of the second Manning mirror 40, and exits to the image plane to form an image after the aberration is corrected by the doublet lens 50.

[0027] The aforementioned optical lens 10 utilizes a first Manning lens 30 and a second Manning lens 40 at its front end to fold the optical path, making the structure of the optical lens 10 more compact and reducing the edge ray height. At the rear end, a cemented doublet lens 50 is used to compensate for chromatic aberration, correct chromatic aberration, and balance residual aberrations, reducing the number of lenses and making the structure more compact. Furthermore, the shared lens for both the refracting and reflecting optical paths achieves a compact optical lens 10 with a large numerical aperture and high resolution, achieving image quality close to the diffraction limit.

[0028] Optionally, the second Manning lens 40 is a doublet Manning lens.

[0029] Specifically, the second Manning mirror 40 includes two glued sub-Manning mirrors 43. Each sub-Manning mirror 43 includes a second sub-central region 431 and a second sub-outer ring region 432 surrounding the second sub-central region 431. The two second sub-central regions 431 together constitute the second central region 41 of the second Manning mirror 40, and the two second sub-outer ring regions 432 together constitute the second outer ring region 42 of the second Manning mirror 40. The second sub-outer ring region 432 closer to the image side is used to reflect the light beam 70, and the second sub-outer ring region 432 closer to the object side is used to transmit the light beam 70, so that the light beam 70 can reach the next second sub-outer ring region 432.

[0030] By setting the second Manning lens 40 as a cemented doublet Manning lens, it can not only achieve optical path folding but also correct the aberrations and chromatic aberrations of the optical lens 10, thereby maximizing the utilization of the second Manning lens 40. Combined with the cemented doublet lens 50 to correct residual aberrations, image sharpness can be further improved.

[0031] Optionally, the first Manning mirror 30 is crescent-shaped, with a concave object side and a convex image side, so that the first outer ring region 32 of the first Manning mirror 30 can focus the light beam 70 onto the second outer ring region 42 of the second Manning mirror 40.

[0032] Optionally, both sub-Manning mirrors 43 in the second Manning mirror 40 are crescent-shaped, with the object side of the sub-Manning mirror 43 being concave and the image side being convex, so as to converge the beam 70 while reflecting it, thereby enabling the beam 70 to be directed toward the first central region 31 of the first Manning mirror 30.

[0033] Optionally, a light-reflecting layer 60 is provided on the object side of the first central region 31 of the first Manning mirror 30, and a light-reflecting layer 60 is provided on the image side of the second outer ring region 42 of the second Manning mirror 40.

[0034] By setting up the light reflection layer 60, the light reflection function of the first central region 31 and the second outer ring region 42 can be achieved in a relatively simple way.

[0035] Optionally, the second central region 41 of the second Mankind mirror 40 is an aperture stop.

[0036] The beam 70 is reflected by the first central region 31 of the first Manning lens 30 and then directed toward the aperture stop, and finally toward the cemented doublet lens 50. The function of the second central region 41 of the second Manning lens 40 is to transmit the beam 70. Setting the aperture stop at the center of the second Manning lens 40 is a simpler implementation and can simplify the manufacturing process of the second Manning lens 40.

[0037] Optionally, the beam 70 is incident through the outer ring region of the spherical mirror 20, and after converging through the spherical mirror 20 and the first central region 31, it is incident through the second outer ring region 42 of the second Manning mirror 40.

[0038] The central region of the spherical mirror 20 (the region surrounded by the outer ring region) corresponds to the first central region 31 of the first Manning mirror 30. The first central region 31 is used to reflect the light beam 70 to the image side. Therefore, even if the light beam 70 is incident on the central region of the spherical mirror 20, it cannot propagate in the optical path and may even form stray light. Therefore, the light beam 70 is incident from the outer ring region of the spherical mirror 20, which can improve the utilization rate of the light beam 70 and reduce the formation of stray light.

[0039] Optionally, the cemented doublet lens 50 includes a first cemented doublet lens 51 and a second cemented doublet lens 52 arranged sequentially along the optical path exit direction, wherein both the first cemented doublet lens 51 and the second cemented doublet lens 52 are concave-convex meniscus lenses.

[0040] The first and second cemented lenses work together to further correct aberrations and improve image clarity while taking into account the total number of lenses in the optical lens (10).

[0041] Optionally, the first cemented doublet lens 51 is formed by cementing one side of a biconcave lens and one side of a biconvex lens, with the light-incident side of the first cemented doublet lens 51 being concave and the light-outceasing side being convex; the second cemented doublet lens 52 is formed by cementing a biconvex lens and a biconcave lens, with the light-incident side of the second cemented doublet lens 52 being convex and the light-outceasing side being concave.

[0042] This setup maximizes aberration correction and improves image clarity without increasing the number of cemented doublet lenses.

[0043] Optionally, the optical lens 10 includes three parts: a front correction module, a reflection module, and a rear correction module; the front correction module includes a spherical mirror 20 and a first outer ring region 32 of a first Manning lens 30; the reflection module includes a first central region 31 of the first Manning lens 30 and a second central region 41 of the second Manning lens 40; the rear correction module includes a second central region 41 of the second Manning lens 40 and a cemented doublet lens 50.

[0044] The front correction module is used to converge the light beam 70, the reflection module is used to fold the optical path, and the rear correction module is used to focus the optical path, correct aberrations, and achieve clear imaging. The optical lens 10, composed of the above three parts, has a compact structure and high resolution.

[0045] The following is a preferred embodiment.

[0046] The optical lens 10 includes: a spherical mirror 20 arranged coaxially, a first Manning lens 30, a second Manning lens 40, and a cemented doublet lens 50. The first Manning lens 30 is divided into a first central region 31 and a first outer ring region 32 surrounding the first central region 31. The second Manning lens 40 is divided into a second central region 41 and a second outer ring region 42 surrounding the second central region 41. Both the first central region 31 and the second outer ring region 42 are used to reflect the light beam 70.

[0047] The first Manning lens 30 is meniscus-shaped, with a concave object side and a convex image side. The second Manning lens 40 is a cemented doublet Manning lens, comprising two cemented sub-Manning lenses 43, both of which are meniscus-shaped, with a concave object side and a convex image side. The cemented doublet lens 50 comprises a first cemented doublet lens 51 and a second cemented doublet lens 52 arranged sequentially along the light path exit direction. The first cemented doublet lens 51 is formed by cementing one side of a biconcave lens with one side of a biconvex lens, with an incident light side that is concave and an exit light side that is convex. The second cemented doublet lens 52 is formed by cementing a biconvex lens with a biconcave lens, with an incident light side that is convex and an exit light side that is concave.

[0048] The parameters of each lens element in optical lens 10 are shown in the table below:

[0049] Please refer to the reference. Figure 2 , Figure 2 The figures show the MTF (Mean Transfer Function) curves of the optical lens 10 provided in this embodiment for each operating wavelength band. In the figures, (a), (b), and (c) are the MTF curves of the optical lens 10 provided in this embodiment at image planes with wavelengths of 450 nm, 588 nm, and 750 nm, respectively. Figure 2 It can be seen that the optical transfer function of the optical lens 10 provided in this embodiment is greater than 0.3 in each working band and field of view below 90p / mm. All curves are smooth and compact, indicating that the optical lens 10 provided in this embodiment has clear and uniform imaging, and the optical lens 10 has good imaging quality and resolution in the full field of view of each working band.

[0050] Please refer to the reference. Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a dot plot of the optical lens 10 provided in this embodiment at various fields of view and operating wavelengths. Figure 3 It can be seen that in each working band of the field of view, the light spots in the meridional and sagittal directions are uniform and close to the diffraction limit. The aberrations of the optical lens 10 are well corrected, and the energy is relatively concentrated, which meets the requirements for use.

[0051] Please refer to the reference. Figure 4 , Figure 4 The relative illumination diagram of the optical lens 10 provided in this embodiment. Figure 4 The vertical axis represents the normalized illuminance value, and the horizontal axis represents the field of view size in each X direction. In certain applications, such as astrophotography, aerial photography, and satellite observation, high-quality images are required for accurate analysis and diagnosis, which necessitates that the optical lens 10 possess excellent relative illumination performance. Figure 4 It can be seen that the relative illuminance of all fields of view of optical lens 10 is greater than 0.9, proving that it can produce uniform and clear images throughout the entire field of view.

[0052] In summary, the optical lens 10 provided in this application embodiment has an operating F-number of 4.5, a focal length of 313mm, and a total system length of 130mm. Despite its compact structure, the optical transfer function is greater than 0.3 across all operating wavelengths and the entire field of view, below 90lp / mm, and the dot plot is within the diffraction limit.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a telescope system, including an optical lens 10 as described above.

[0054] This telescope system includes the same structure and beneficial effects as the optical lens 10 in the foregoing embodiments. The structure and beneficial effects of the optical lens 10 have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a spherical mirror, a first Manning lens, a second Manning lens, and a cemented doublet lens arranged along the optical axis. The first Manning lens is divided into a first central region and a first outer ring region surrounding the first central region. The second Manning lens is divided into a second central region and a second outer ring region surrounding the second central region. Both the first central region and the second outer ring region are used to reflect light beams. The light beam is incident on the optical lens from the object side of the spherical mirror, enters the second outer ring region of the second Manning lens through the first outer ring region of the first Manning lens, is reflected sequentially in the second outer ring region and the first central region, is transmitted through the second central region of the second Manning lens, and exits to the image plane to form an image after the aberration is corrected by the cemented lens.

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second Mankind lens is a double-laminated Mankind lens.

3. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, A light-reflecting layer is provided on the object side of the first central region, and a light-reflecting layer is provided on the image side of the second outer ring region.

4. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light beam enters through the outer ring region of the spherical mirror, converges sequentially through the spherical mirror and the first central region, and then enters the second outer ring region of the second Manning mirror.

5. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first Mankind mirror is crescent-shaped, with a concave object side and a convex image side.

6. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cemented doublet lens includes a first cemented doublet lens and a second cemented doublet lens arranged sequentially along the optical path exit direction. Both the first cemented doublet lens and the second cemented doublet lens are concave-convex meniscus lenses.

7. The optical lens according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first cemented doublet lens is formed by cementing one side of a biconcave lens and one side of a biconvex lens together, with the light-incident side of the first cemented doublet lens being concave and the light-outceasing side being convex; the second cemented doublet lens is formed by cementing a biconvex lens and a biconcave lens together, with the light-incident side of the second cemented doublet lens being convex and the light-outceasing side being concave.

8. The optical lens according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical lens comprises three parts: a front correction module, a reflection module, and a rear correction module. The front correction module includes the spherical mirror and the first outer ring region of the first Manning lens. The reflection module includes the first central region of the first Manning lens and the second central region of the second Manning lens. The rear correction module includes the second central region of the second Manning lens and the cemented doublet lens.

9. The optical lens as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second central region of the second Mankind mirror is an aperture stop.

10. A telescope system, characterized in that, Includes the optical lens as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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